Steering-by-wire limiting device, steering-by-wire system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a steer-by-wire limiting device, a steer-by-wire system and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of steer-by-wire. The steer-by-wire limiting device comprises a tubular column shell, a tubular column mandrel, a sliding sleeve, a first limiting ring and a second limiting ring. The interior of the tubular column shell is hollow to form a limiting cavity; one end of the tubular column mandrel is connected with the steering wheel, and the other end penetrates through the limiting cavity to form a limiting section; the sliding sleeve is located in the limiting cavity and arranged outside the limiting section in a sleeving mode, and the sliding sleeve is matched with the limiting section so that rotation of the tubular column mandrel along with the steering wheel can be converted into sliding of the sliding sleeve in the axial direction of the tubular column mandrel. The first limiting ring and the second limiting ring are arranged on the limiting section in a sleeving mode and located on the two sides of the sliding sleeve respectively. The distance between the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring in the axial direction of the pipe column mandrel is a limiting distance. The rotation stroke of the steering wheel is limited by setting the limiting distance, so that the steering wheel can output the preset number of rotation turns, and the reliability of the steer-by-wire system is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of steer-by-wire, and in particular to a steer-by-wire limiting device, a steer-by-wire system and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an important part of modern transportation, the steering system of a vehicle is one of the core components that ensure driving safety and handling performance. With the development of steering technology, the steering system has evolved from mechanical steering, hydraulic steering, electro-hydraulic steering, and electric power steering to steer-by-wire. Compared with other steering systems, the steer-by-wire system eliminates the mechanical connection between the steering column and the steering gear, and only relies on electrical signal transmission to complete the information exchange between the steering column and the steering gear, greatly improving the response speed and flexibility of the steering system.

[0003] The core advantage of the steer-by-wire system lies in the simplification of its mechanical structure and intelligent control. In this system, the steering wheel and the steering gear are no longer connected by an intermediate shaft, but by electrical signals to transmit instructions. However, in order to meet the power supply and communication needs of the physical buttons on the steering wheel, a clock spring is usually added between the steering column and the steering wheel in the prior art. At the same time, an angle sensor is used to monitor the rotation angle of the steering wheel to ensure accurate control of the system.

[0004] Although the steer-by-wire system has significant advantages in performance, it still has some problems. The number of turns of the clock spring is limited, and exceeding the designed number of turns will cause damage, thereby causing the steering wheel buttons to fail. In addition, the angle sensor also has a limited angle range, which makes the number of turns of the steering column cannot be arbitrarily increased. Although there are limiting devices for steer-by-wire in the prior art, these devices are mostly single mechanical or electronic limiting, and the limiting function is not organically combined with the design of the number of turns of the steering wheel, resulting in safety hazards and functional limitations in the actual use of the steer-by-wire system. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] The utility model at least solves one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.

[0006] Therefore, the present application aims to provide a steer-by-wire limiting device, a steer-by-wire system and a vehicle, which organically combines the limiting function of the limiting device with the design of the steering wheel, so that the steering wheel can output the corresponding number of turns according to the design requirements, effectively avoiding the problem of clock spring or angle sensor failure due to the number of turns exceeding the limit range.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a steer-by-wire limiting device for limiting the rotation travel of a steering wheel in a vehicle, comprising:

[0008] The tube column shell is internally hollowed to form a limiting cavity;

[0009] The tube column shaft is connected with the steering wheel at one end to synchronously transmit the rotation of the steering wheel to the tube column shaft, and is arranged in the limiting cavity to form a limiting section at the other end;

[0010] The sliding sleeve is arranged in the limiting cavity and sleeved on the limiting section, and cooperates with the limiting section to convert the rotation of the tube column shaft into the axial sliding of the sliding sleeve along the tube column shaft.

[0011] The first limiting ring and the second limiting ring are sleeved on the limiting section and arranged at two sides of the sliding sleeve respectively to limit the axial sliding of the sliding sleeve.

[0012] The distance between the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring is the limiting distance, and the limiting distance is set to limit the rotation stroke of the steering wheel, so that the rotation number of the steering wheel matches the designed number.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the limiting distance of the steering-by-wire limiting device is provided, the limiting function of the limiting device is combined with the steering wheel number design organically by setting the limiting distance, the steering wheel can output the preset rotation number, the rotation number of the steering wheel strictly meets the design requirement, the control precision and reliability of the steering-by-wire system are improved, and the problem that the clock spring or the angle sensor fails due to the rotation number exceeding the limit range is avoided.

[0014] In some embodiments, the sliding sleeve and the limiting section are screw transmission matched, the pitch of the screw transmission is the first parameter, the product of the designed number of the steering wheel and the first parameter is the second parameter, the width of the sliding sleeve in the axial direction of the tube column shaft is the third parameter, and the limiting distance is the sum of the second parameter and the third parameter.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the rotation movement of the tube column shaft is accurately converted into the axial sliding of the sliding sleeve through the screw transmission between the sliding sleeve and the limiting section of the tube column shaft, the accuracy and reliability of the transmission are improved, the limiting distance is further quantitatively controlled by means of the pitch of the screw transmission and the rotation number, and the accurate design of the steering wheel rotation number is realized, thereby providing a strong guarantee for the operation performance and safety of the steering wheel.

[0016] In some embodiments, the outer circumferential surface of the limiting section is provided with a helical first raceway, and the inner circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve is provided with a helical second raceway; the pitch and the rotation direction of the first raceway and the second raceway are the same, so that the first raceway and the second raceway cooperatively form a first rolling channel; a plurality of first rolling balls are arranged in the first rolling channel, and the first rolling balls rotate with the sliding sleeve in the first rolling channel during the rotation of the tube column shaft.

[0017] In the technical solution, the spiral transmission between the sliding sleeve and the limiting section is realized in the form of a ball track, the sliding friction between the pipe column shaft and the sliding sleeve is converted into rolling friction through the spiral cooperation of the first track and the second track and the rolling of the balls, the rotating resistance of the steering wheel is greatly reduced, the driving operation is more convenient, the driving precision and response speed are improved, the rotation of the steering wheel can be quickly and accurately transmitted to the steering system, and the overall performance and control experience of the steer-by-wire system are improved.

[0018] In some embodiments, a first sliding channel is formed on the inner surface of the pipe column shell in parallel to the axis of the pipe column shaft, a second sliding channel is formed on the outer surface of the sliding sleeve corresponding to the first sliding channel, and the first sliding channel and the second sliding channel cooperate to form the second rolling channel; a plurality of second balls are arranged in the second rolling channel, and the second balls rotate with the sliding sleeve in the second rolling channel during the sliding cooperation of the sliding sleeve and the pipe column shell.

[0019] In the technical solution, the first sliding channel and the second sliding channel are arranged on the inner surface of the pipe column shell and the outer surface of the sliding sleeve respectively, the second rolling channel is formed, the movement of the second balls in the second rolling channel guides the linear movement of the sliding sleeve along the pipe column shaft, the friction between the sliding sleeve and the pipe column shell is reduced, the locking problem of the sliding sleeve when moving to the limit position is solved, the sliding sleeve can smoothly move in the entire limiting stroke, and the overall performance and control stability of the steer-by-wire system are improved.

[0020] In some embodiments, the steer-by-wire limiting device further comprises an end cover, the end cover comprising an end face part and an assembly part located on one side of the end face part; the end face part covers one end of the pipe column shaft close to the limiting section; and the assembly part is located outside the pipe column shell and forms an interference fit with the end part of the pipe column shell.

[0021] In the technical solution, one end of the pipe column shaft is covered by the end face part of the end cover, and the assembly part forms an interference fit with the end part of the pipe column shell, so that the pipe column shell is sealed and fixed at the end of the pipe column shaft, the elements in the limiting cavity are prevented from being separated from the limiting cavity by the end of the pipe column shaft, and the overall stability and reliability of the steer-by-wire limiting device are improved.

[0022] In some embodiments, the first limiting ring is located in the end cover, one side of the first limiting ring abuts against the end face part, and the other side of the first limiting ring abuts against the end part of the pipe column shell to position the first limiting ring.

[0023] In the technical scheme, the first limiting ring is assembled in the end cover and located between the end face and the tube column shell, so that the first limiting ring can be positioned and kept in a fixed position during use, thereby further improving the structural stability and reliability of the steer-by-wire limiting device.

[0024] In some embodiments, the end of the tube column shell away from the end cover is provided with a limiting portion protruding towards the tube column shaft, and the second limiting ring is located in the tube column shell and abuts against the side surface of the limiting portion.

[0025] In the technical scheme, the limiting portion formed by the tube column shell limits the second limiting ring, so that the second limiting ring cannot be pushed out of the limiting section by the sliding sleeve during limiting the sliding sleeve, thereby improving the structural stability and reliability of the steer-by-wire limiting device.

[0026] The second aspect of the present application also provides a steer-by-wire limiting device for limiting the rotation stroke of a steering wheel in a vehicle, comprising:

[0027] A tube column shell, the inside of the tube column shell is hollow to form a limiting cavity;

[0028] A tube column shaft, one end of the tube column shaft is connected with the steering wheel, and the other end is arranged in the limiting cavity to form a limiting section;

[0029] A sliding sleeve, located in the limiting cavity and sleeved on the limiting section, the sliding sleeve is in transmission cooperation with the limiting section;

[0030] A first limiting ring and a second limiting ring, sleeved on the limiting section and located on both sides of the sliding sleeve, respectively;

[0031] When the tube column shaft rotates synchronously with the steering wheel in a first direction, the sliding sleeve slides along the axial direction of the tube column shaft towards the first limiting ring until the sliding sleeve contacts the first limiting ring, so that the steering wheel reaches the rotation limit in the first direction;

[0032] When the tube column shaft rotates synchronously with the steering wheel in a second direction, the sliding sleeve slides along the axial direction of the tube column shaft towards the second limiting ring until the sliding sleeve contacts the second limiting ring, so that the steering wheel reaches the rotation limit in the second direction;

[0033] The distance between the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring is a limiting distance, and the limiting distance is set to limit the rotation stroke of the steering wheel, so that the number of rotation circles of the steering wheel matches the designed number of rotation circles.

[0034] In the technical scheme, the limiting distance of the steer-by-wire limiting device is set, the limiting function of the limiting device is organically combined with the number of turns of the steering wheel, the steering wheel can output the preset number of turns, the number of turns of the steering wheel strictly meets the design requirement, the control precision and reliability of the steer-by-wire system are improved, and the problem that the clock spring or the angle sensor is out of function due to the number of turns exceeding the limit range is avoided.

[0035] The third aspect of the present application provides a steer-by-wire system, comprising a steering wheel and the steer-by-wire limiting device according to any one of the above, the steering wheel is connected to one end of the column shaft away from the limiting section, so as to synchronously transmit the rotation of the steering wheel to the steer-by-wire limiting device and limit the number of turns of the steering wheel.

[0036] The steer-by-wire system provided by the technical scheme can ensure that the rotation of the steering wheel strictly meets the design requirement, so as to realize accurate control, prevent mechanical damage or function failure caused by excessive rotation of the steering wheel, reduce the function failure of the clock spring or the angle sensor caused by the number of turns exceeding the limit, and improve the safety and reliability of the system.

[0037] The fourth aspect of the present application provides a vehicle, comprising a vehicle body and the steer-by-wire system according to the third aspect, the steer-by-wire system is arranged in the vehicle body.

[0038] The vehicle provided by the technical scheme can control the number of turns of the steering wheel, ensure accurate steering under various driving conditions, and improve the stability and control feeling of driving. Meanwhile, the limiting device effectively prevents excessive rotation of the steering wheel, avoids mechanical damage or function failure, and significantly improves the safety and reliability of the system.

[0039] From the above technical scheme, it can be seen that some of the additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in the following description, some will become apparent from the following description, or will be understood through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 A perspective view of the steer-by-wire limiting device provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0041] Figure 2 An exploded view of the steer-by-wire limiting device provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0042] Figure 3 A sectional view of the steer-by-wire limiting device provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0043] Figure 4 A perspective view of a pipe column housing provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 5 A perspective view of a sliding sleeve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 6 A side view of a sliding sleeve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 7 A perspective view of a pipe column mandrel provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 8 A side view of a pipe column mandrel provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 9 A pitch diagram of a first transmission structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 10 A perspective view of an end cover provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0050] In the above figures:

[0051] 10, pipe column housing; 11, limiting cavity; 12, first sliding channel; 13, limiting portion; 20, pipe column mandrel; 21, limiting section; 22, first raceway; 30, sliding sleeve; 31, second raceway; 32, second sliding channel; 41, first limiting ring; 42, second limiting ring; 51, first ball; 52, second ball; 60, end cover; 61, end face portion; 62, assembly portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "inner", "outer", "axial", "circumferential" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0053] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected or in communication with each other; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0054] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature. The first and second features can be in direct contact, or the first and second features can be in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or it can only mean that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "under" and "under" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it can only mean that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0055] In the present application, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in the specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0056] In the following, the present application will be specifically described by exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that the elements, structures and features in one embodiment can also be beneficially combined into other embodiments without further description.

[0057] In the field of automobiles, the steering system is a key component of the automobile, which directly affects the controllability and safety of the vehicle. Precise and reliable steering system can help the driver accurately control the driving direction of the vehicle, ensure flexible lane changing, turning and obstacle avoidance in various road conditions, so as to ensure driving safety and improve driving experience.

[0058] With the development of steering technology, the steering system has experienced the development from mechanical steering, hydraulic steering, electric hydraulic, electric power steering to steer-by-wire. Compared with other steering, steer-by-wire cancels the intermediate shaft. Mechanical decoupling is realized between the steering column and the steer-by-wire device (both the column and the device are separated up and down), and information interaction is realized through electric signal transmission.

[0059] In a vehicle controlled by steer-by-wire, there are many physical buttons on the steering wheel. In the prior art, a clock spring is usually added between the steering column and the steering wheel to meet the power supply and communication requirements. However, the clock spring has a limit on the number of turns. When the number of turns exceeds the upper limit, the clock spring will be damaged, causing the steering wheel buttons to fail. In addition, the angle sensor used to monitor the steering wheel rotation angle also has a limit on the angle range. Therefore, the steering column cannot be rotated arbitrarily.

[0060] To solve the above problems, a limiting device for steer-by-wire system has been developed in the prior art. These devices usually add a limiting component to the steering column structure to constrain the rotation stroke. However, although these limiting devices can achieve the basic limiting function, the design of these limiting devices does not organically combine with the design requirements of the steering wheel, and the role of these limiting devices is not fully developed, resulting in safety hazards and functional limitations of the steer-by-wire system in actual use.

[0061] Based on this, the present application proposes a steer-by-wire limiting device for limiting the rotation stroke of the steering wheel in a vehicle. By organically combining the limiting function of the limiting device with the design of the steering wheel, not only can the number of turns of the steering wheel be accurately controlled to ensure its operation within a safe range, but also the problem of clock spring or angle sensor failure caused by exceeding the limit of the number of turns can be effectively avoided. In addition, the steer-by-wire limiting device also has the characteristics of simple and reliable structure, low cost and small size.

[0062] In the following, the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0063] As shown in the schematic embodiment of the steer-by-wire limiting device of the present application, Figures 1-3 the steer-by-wire limiting device comprises a column shell 10, a column core shaft 20 and a sliding sleeve 30.

[0064] The inside of the column shell 10 is hollow to form a limiting cavity 11.

[0065] One end of the column core shaft 20 is connected with the steering wheel to synchronously transmit the rotation of the steering wheel to the column core shaft 20, and the other end of the column core shaft 20 is arranged in the limiting cavity 11 to form a limiting section 21.

[0066] The sliding sleeve 30 is located in the limiting cavity 11, and the sliding sleeve 30 is sleeved outside the limiting section 21. The sliding sleeve 30 cooperates with the limiting section 21 to convert the rotation of the column core shaft 20 with the steering wheel into the axial sliding of the sliding sleeve 30 along the column core shaft 20.

[0067] In order to limit the rotation stroke of the column shaft 20, the steer-by-wire limiting device further comprises a first limiting ring 41 and a second limiting ring 42. The first limiting ring 41 and the second limiting ring 42 are sleeved on the limiting section 21 and located on both sides of the sliding sleeve 30 respectively to limit the axial sliding of the sliding sleeve 30.

[0068] The distance between the first limiting ring 41 and the second limiting ring 42 is a limiting distance; the rotation stroke of the steering wheel is limited by setting the limiting distance, so that the rotation number of the steering wheel matches the designed number.

[0069] As shown in FIG. 1, in another illustrative embodiment of the steer-by-wire limiting device of the present application, the steer-by-wire limiting device comprises a column housing 10, a column shaft 20 and a sliding sleeve 30. Figures 1-3

[0070] The inside of the column housing 10 is hollow to form a limiting cavity 11.

[0071] One end of the column shaft 20 is connected with the steering wheel to synchronously transmit the rotation of the steering wheel to the column shaft 20, and the other end of the column shaft 20 is arranged in the limiting cavity 11 to form a limiting section 21.

[0072] The sliding sleeve 30 is located in the limiting cavity 11 and is sleeved on the limiting section 21, and the sliding sleeve 30 is in transmission cooperation with the limiting section 21.

[0073] The steer-by-wire limiting device further comprises a first limiting ring 41 and a second limiting ring 42. The first limiting ring 41 and the second limiting ring 42 are sleeved on the limiting section 21 and located on both sides of the sliding sleeve 30 respectively.

[0074] When the column shaft 20 rotates in a first direction with the steering wheel, the sliding sleeve 30 slides along the axial direction of the column shaft 20 towards the first limiting ring 41 through the spiral transmission cooperation between the sliding sleeve 30 and the limiting section 21, until the sliding sleeve 30 contacts the first limiting ring 41, so that the steering wheel reaches the rotation limit in the first direction.

[0075] When the column shaft 20 rotates in a second direction with the steering wheel, the sliding sleeve 30 slides along the axial direction of the column shaft 20 towards the second limiting ring 41 through the spiral transmission cooperation between the sliding sleeve 30 and the limiting section 21, until the sliding sleeve 30 contacts the second limiting ring 42, so that the steering wheel reaches the rotation limit in the second direction.

[0076] The rotation of the column shaft 20 is constrained by the first limiting ring 41 and the second limiting ring 42, so as to limit the rotation number of the steering wheel. The above-mentioned first direction is clockwise, and the second direction is counterclockwise; or, the first direction is counterclockwise, and the second direction is clockwise.

[0077] ​The distance between the first limiting ring 41 and the second limiting ring 42 is a limiting distance; the limiting distance is set to limit the rotation stroke of the steering wheel, so that the rotation number of the steering wheel matches the design number.

[0078] It can be understood that the structures of the two illustrative embodiments of the steer-by-wire limiting device may have intersections, and cannot be understood as being defined in a mutually exclusive manner.

[0079] The steer-by-wire limiting device provided in the present application provides a limiting distance through the design of the steer-by-wire limiting device. By setting the limiting distance, the limiting function and the steering wheel number design can be organically combined, the rotation number of the steering wheel is controlled, and the steering wheel can output the preset rotation number. In the actual operation process, the device can ensure that the rotation number of the steering wheel strictly meets the design requirements and outputs the preset number of turns, thereby significantly improving the control accuracy and reliability of the steer-by-wire system, and effectively avoiding the problem of clock spring or angle sensor failure caused by the rotation number exceeding the limit range.

[0080] In some embodiments, the sliding sleeve 30 is in screw transmission cooperation with the limiting section 21, the pitch of the screw transmission is a first parameter, the product of the design number of the steering wheel and the first parameter is a second parameter, the width of the sliding sleeve in the axial direction of the column shaft is a third parameter, and the limiting distance is the sum of the second parameter and the third parameter.

[0081] In the above embodiments, the screw transmission between the sliding sleeve 30 and the limiting section 21 of the column shaft 20 enables the rotational movement of the column shaft 20 to be accurately converted into the axial sliding of the sliding sleeve 30, improving the accuracy and reliability of the transmission; on this basis, the limiting distance is further quantitatively controlled by means of the pitch of the screw transmission and the rotation number and other parameters, thereby realizing the accurate design of the rotation number of the steering wheel and providing a strong guarantee for the operation performance and safety of the steering wheel.

[0082] Specifically, the limiting distance D needs to satisfy the following formula:

[0083] D=N×P+W

[0084] Wherein, D is the limiting distance, the unit is mm; N is the design number of the steering wheel; P is the pitch of the first transmission structure (such as shown in Figure 9 The pitch of the first transmission structure (such as shown in

[0085] For example, assume that according to the design requirements of a certain automobile, the design number of turns N of the steering wheel is 3 turns, the pitch P of the first transmission structure is 10 mm / turn, and the width W of the sliding sleeve 30 in the axial direction of the column shaft 20 is 15 mm.

[0086] According to the above formula, the limiting distance D = 3 x 10 + 15 = 45 mm.

[0087] Therefore, in the steer-by-wire system of the automobile, by setting the axial distance between the first limiting ring 41 and the second limiting ring 42 to 45 mm, the rotation stroke of the steering wheel can be accurately limited within the designed range of 3 turns. When the steering wheel rotates, the sliding sleeve 30 will move linearly according to the screw transmission cooperation until the sliding sleeve 30 contacts the first limiting ring 41 or the second limiting ring 42, thereby achieving accurate turn limitation.

[0088] In some embodiments, the outer circumferential surface of the limiting section 21 is provided with a helical first transmission structure, the sliding sleeve 30 has an inner circumferential surface that is adapted to the outer circumferential surface of the column shaft 20, and the inner circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve 30 is provided with a helical second transmission structure; the first transmission structure and the second transmission structure are screw transmission cooperated to convert the rotation of the column shaft 20 with the steering wheel into the axial sliding of the sliding sleeve 30 along the column shaft 20.

[0089] In the above embodiments, the helical first transmission structure and the second transmission structure are provided between the limiting section 21 and the sliding sleeve 30, thereby achieving the screw transmission cooperation of the limiting section 21 and the sliding sleeve 30, efficiently converting the rotation of the column shaft 20 with the steering wheel into the axial sliding of the sliding sleeve 30, and improving the transmission efficiency and reliability.

[0090] In the present application, the first transmission structure and the second transmission structure cooperate to convert the rotation of the column shaft 20 with the steering wheel into the axial sliding of the sliding sleeve 30 along the column shaft 20, both of which are helical structures with the same pitch. The present application does not limit the specific implementation of the first transmission structure and the second transmission structure.

[0091] In some embodiments, the first transmission structure and the second transmission structure can be implemented by threads. Specifically, the first transmission structure is an external thread formed on the outer circumferential surface of the limiting section 21, and the second transmission structure is an internal thread formed on the inner circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve 30. Through the cooperation of the internal and external threads, the sliding sleeve 30 moves linearly on the column shaft 20 during the rotation of the column shaft 20 with the steering wheel. It can be understood that the axial length of the external thread along the column shaft 20 is greater than the limiting distance, and the axial length of the internal thread is equal to that of the external thread, so that the transmission cooperation is effective within the entire limiting distance.

[0092] In other embodiments, as Figures 1-3 and Figures 5-8As shown, the first transmission structure is a first raceway 22 arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the limiting section 21, and the second transmission structure is a second raceway 31 arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve 30. The first raceway 22 and the second raceway 31 have the same helical direction and pitch, so that the first raceway 22 and the second raceway 31 cooperatively form a first rolling channel. A plurality of first rolling balls 51 are arranged in the first rolling channel. During the rotation of the column shaft 20, the first rolling balls 51 slide in the first rolling channel and rotate with the sliding sleeve 30. It can be understood that the axial length of the first raceway 22 is greater than the limiting distance, and the axial length of the second raceway 31 is equal to that of the first raceway 22, so that the transmission cooperation is effective in the entire limiting distance.

[0093] In the above technical solution, the first transmission structure and the second transmission structure adopt the form of rolling ball raceways. Through the helical cooperation of the first raceway 22 and the second raceway 31 and the rolling of the rolling balls, the sliding friction between the column shaft 20 and the sliding sleeve 30 is converted into rolling friction. This not only greatly reduces the rotation resistance of the steering wheel, making the driving operation more convenient, but also improves the transmission accuracy and response speed, ensuring that the rotation of the steering wheel can be quickly and accurately transmitted to the steering system, thereby improving the overall performance and control experience of the steer-by-wire system.

[0094] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1-6 A first sliding groove 12 is formed on the inner surface of the column housing 10 in parallel to the axis of the column shaft 20. A second sliding groove 32 is formed on the outer surface of the sliding sleeve 30 corresponding to the first sliding groove 12. The first sliding groove 12 and the second sliding groove 32 cooperatively form a second rolling channel. A plurality of second rolling balls 52 are arranged in the second rolling channel. During the sliding cooperation of the sliding sleeve 30 and the column housing 10, the second rolling balls 52 slide in the second rolling channel and rotate with the sliding sleeve 30.

[0095] In the above technical solution, the first sliding groove 12 and the second sliding groove 32 are respectively arranged on the inner surface of the column housing 10 and the outer surface of the sliding sleeve 30, and the second rolling channel is formed. The linear motion of the sliding sleeve 30 along the column shaft 20 is guided by the movement of the second rolling balls 52 in the second rolling channel. This reduces the friction between the sliding sleeve 30 and the column housing 10, solves the problem of locking when the sliding sleeve 30 moves to the limit position, and ensures that the sliding sleeve 30 can move smoothly in the entire limiting stroke, thereby improving the overall performance and control stability of the steer-by-wire system.

[0096] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1-3 and Figure 10As shown, the steering-by-wire limiting device further comprises an end cover 60, which comprises an end face part 61 and a fitting part 62 located on one side of the end face part 61; the end face part 61 covers one end of the column shaft 20 close to the limiting section 21; and the fitting part 62 is located outside the column shell 10 and forms an interference fit with the end of the column shell 10.

[0097] In the above technical solution, the end face part 61 of the end cover 60 covers one end of the column shaft 20, and the fitting part 62 forms an interference fit with the end of the column shell 10, thereby achieving sealing and fixing of the column shell 10 at the end of the column shaft 20, preventing the elements in the limiting cavity 11 from being separated from the limiting cavity 11 by the end of the column shaft 20 close to the limiting section 21, and improving the overall stability and reliability of the steering-by-wire limiting device.

[0098] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 The first limiting ring 41 is located in the end cover 60, one side of the first limiting ring 41 abuts against the end face part 61, and the other side of the first limiting ring 41 abuts against the end of the column shell 10 to position the first limiting ring 41. Assembling the first limiting ring 41 in the end cover 60 between the end face part 61 and the column shell 10 can position the first limiting ring 41 and ensure that it maintains a fixed position during use, thereby further improving the structural stability and reliability of the steering-by-wire limiting device.

[0099] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 The end of the column shell 10 away from the end cover 60 is provided with a limiting part 13 protruding towards the column shaft 20, and the second limiting ring 42 is located in the column shell 10 and abuts against the side surface of the limiting part 13. The limiting part 13 formed by the column shell 10 limits the second limiting ring 42, preventing the second limiting ring 42 from being pushed out of the limiting section 21 by the sliding sleeve 30 during limiting of the sliding sleeve 30, thereby preventing limiting failure and improving the structural stability and reliability of the steering-by-wire limiting device.

[0100] In some embodiments, the first limiting ring 41 and the second limiting ring 42 are made of plastic. The first limiting ring 41 and the second limiting ring 42 made of plastic are used to limit the sliding sleeve 30 at both ends of the sliding stroke. Compared with traditional steel or other metal materials, the plastic limiting ring has better shock absorption and noise reduction characteristics, which can effectively reduce the impact sound of the sliding sleeve 30 with the first limiting ring 41 or the second limiting ring 42 when the steering wheel rotates to the end, thereby improving the driving comfort. In addition, mechanical wear caused by frequent impact is also reduced, thereby prolonging the service life of the limiting device.

[0101] In a second aspect, the application provides a steer-by-wire system, comprising a steering wheel and the steer-by-wire limiting device as described in any of the above embodiments, the steering wheel being connected to the end of the column shaft 20 away from the limiting section 21 to synchronously transmit the rotation of the steering wheel to the steer-by-wire limiting device and limit the number of rotation circles of the steering wheel.

[0102] The steer-by-wire system provided by the application can accurately set the limiting distance through the steer-by-wire limiting device, organically combine the limiting function with the number of rotation circles of the steering wheel, ensure that the rotation of the steering wheel strictly meets the design requirements, and thus realize precise control, effectively prevent mechanical damage or functional failure caused by excessive rotation of the steering wheel, reduce the functional failure of the clock spring or the angle sensor caused by the number of rotation circles exceeding the limit, and improve the safety and reliability of the system.

[0103] In addition, the steer-by-wire system can also be provided with an electronic control unit (ECU), a steering motor, a steering angle sensor, a clock spring and the like according to the needs. The electronic control unit is connected to the steering wheel, the steering motor and the steer-by-wire limiting device to realize real-time transmission and processing of signals. The steering motor receives the input signals from the steering wheel through the electronic control unit, converts the electrical energy into mechanical energy, drives the steering gear to realize wheel steering, and is used to drive the wheel steering according to the operation instructions of the driver and the driving state of the vehicle. The angle sensor is usually installed at the connection between the steering wheel and the column shaft, is connected to the electronic control unit through a signal line, and monitors the rotation angle and rotation speed of the steering wheel in real time to provide accurate steering wheel position information for the electronic control unit. The clock spring can transmit the signals of the keys on the steering wheel to ensure that these signals can be stably transmitted to the electronic control unit of the vehicle.

[0104] In a third aspect, the application provides a vehicle, comprising a vehicle body and the steer-by-wire system as described in the second aspect above, the steer-by-wire system being arranged in the vehicle body.

[0105] The vehicle provided by the application can accurately control the number of rotation circles of the steering wheel through the steer-by-wire system, ensure that the vehicle can realize precise steering under various driving conditions, and improve the stability and control feeling of driving. At the same time, the limiting device effectively prevents the steering wheel from rotating excessively, avoids mechanical damage or functional failure, and significantly improves the safety and reliability of the system.

[0106] Although the embodiments of the application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the application.

Claims

1. A steer-by-wire limiting device for limiting the rotational travel of a steering wheel in a vehicle, characterized in that, include: The tubular housing (10) has a hollow interior forming a limiting cavity (11). A column mandrel (20) is provided, one end of which is connected to the steering wheel to synchronously transmit the rotation of the steering wheel to the column mandrel (20), and the other end of which passes through the limiting cavity (11) to form a limiting section (21). The sliding sleeve (30) is located inside the limiting cavity (11) and sleeved outside the limiting section (21). The sliding sleeve (30) cooperates with the limiting section (21) to transform the rotation of the column mandrel (20) with the steering wheel into the sliding of the sliding sleeve (30) along the axial direction of the column mandrel (20). The first limiting ring (41) and the second limiting ring (42) are sleeved on the limiting segment (21) and are respectively located on both sides of the sliding sleeve (30) to limit the axial sliding of the sliding sleeve (30); The distance between the first limiting ring (41) and the second limiting ring (42) is the limiting distance. The steering wheel rotation stroke is limited by setting the limiting distance so that the number of rotations of the steering wheel matches the designed number of rotations.

2. The steer-by-wire limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding sleeve (30) is screwed into the limiting section (21). The pitch of the screw drive is the first parameter. The product of the number of turns of the steering wheel and the first parameter is the second parameter. The width of the sliding sleeve (30) in the axial direction of the column mandrel (20) is the third parameter. The limiting distance is the sum of the second parameter and the third parameter.

3. The steer-by-wire limiting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer circumferential surface of the limiting section (21) is provided with a spiral first raceway (22), and the inner circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve (30) is provided with a spiral second raceway (31). The first raceway (22) and the second raceway (31) have the same pitch and direction of rotation, so that the first raceway (22) and the second raceway (31) cooperate to form a first rolling channel; Multiple first balls (51) are provided in the first rolling channel. During the rotation of the column mandrel (20), the first balls (51) slide and rotate in the first rolling channel with the sliding sleeve (30).

4. The steer-by-wire limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first slide rail (12) is formed on the inner surface of the tube housing (10) parallel to the axis of the tube mandrel (20), and a second slide rail (32) is formed on the outer surface of the sliding sleeve (30) corresponding to the first slide rail (12). The first slide rail (12) and the second slide rail (32) cooperate to form a second rolling channel. Multiple second balls (52) are provided in the second rolling channel. During the sliding engagement between the sliding sleeve (30) and the column housing (10), the second balls (52) slide and rotate in the second rolling channel along with the sliding sleeve (30).

5. The steer-by-wire limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an end cap (60), which includes an end face (61) and an assembly portion (62) located on one side of the end face (61). The end portion (61) covers the end of the mandrel (20) near the limiting section (21); The assembly part (62) is located outside the column housing (10) and forms an interference fit with the end of the column housing (10).

6. The steer-by-wire limiting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first limiting ring (41) is located inside the end cap (60). One side of the first limiting ring (41) is attached to the end face (61), and the other side of the first limiting ring (41) abuts against the end of the column housing (10) to position the first limiting ring (41).

7. The steer-by-wire limiting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end of the tubular housing (10) away from the end cap (60) is provided with a limiting part (13) that protrudes toward the tubular mandrel (20), and the second limiting ring (42) is located inside the tubular housing (10) and abuts against the side of the limiting part (13).

8. A steer-by-wire limiting device for limiting the rotational travel of a steering wheel in a vehicle, characterized in that, include: The tubular housing (10) has a hollow interior forming a limiting cavity (11). A mandrel (20) is provided, one end of which is connected to the steering wheel, and the other end is inserted into the limiting cavity (11) to form a limiting section (21). The sliding sleeve (30) is located inside the limiting cavity (11) and sleeved outside the limiting segment (21). The sliding sleeve (30) and the limiting segment (21) are in a transmission cooperation. The first limiting ring (41) and the second limiting ring (42) are sleeved on the limiting segment (21) and are respectively located on both sides of the sliding sleeve (30); When the column mandrel (20) rotates synchronously with the steering wheel in the first direction, the sliding sleeve (30) slides along the axial direction of the column mandrel (20) towards the first limiting ring (41) until it contacts the first limiting ring (41), so that the steering wheel reaches the rotation limit in the first direction. When the column mandrel (20) rotates synchronously with the steering wheel in the second direction, the sliding sleeve (30) slides along the axial direction of the column mandrel (20) towards the second limiting ring (42) until it contacts the second limiting ring (42), so that the steering wheel reaches the rotation limit in the second direction; The distance between the first limiting ring (41) and the second limiting ring (42) is the limiting distance. The steering wheel rotation stroke is limited by setting the limiting distance so that the number of rotations of the steering wheel matches the designed number of rotations.

9. A steer-by-wire system, characterized in that, include: The steering wheel and the steer-by-wire limiting device as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the steering wheel is connected to the end of the column spindle (20) away from the limiting segment (21) to synchronously transmit the rotation of the steering wheel to the steer-by-wire limiting device and limit the number of rotations of the steering wheel.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a vehicle body and a steer-by-wire system as described in claim 9, wherein the steer-by-wire system is disposed within the vehicle body.

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