Shield tunnel fire-fighting evacuation structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and provides a shield tunnel fire-fighting evacuation structure which comprises a shield tunnel section, an open-cut tunnel section, a shield working well and a management storehouse, and the shield tunnel section comprises an upper driving layer, a lower evacuation layer and a first communication unit. The shield working well comprises a second communication unit, an upper space layer, a driving space layer and a fire-fighting evacuation layer, the upper space layer, the driving space layer and the fire-fighting evacuation layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the driving space layer communicates with the upper driving layer, the fire-fighting evacuation layer communicates with the lower evacuation layer, and the second communication unit communicates with the fire-fighting evacuation layer and the upper space layer; the open-cut tunnel section comprises an upper functional layer and a lower traveling layer, the lower traveling layer is communicated with the traveling space layer, and the upper functional layer is provided with a special fire evacuation channel. The system is not interfered and hindered by vehicles on tunnel traffic lanes, fire disasters can be evacuated as soon as possible when found, and the operation efficiency, safety and comprehensive management benefits of the whole shield tunnel system are effectively improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a tunnel engineering technical field especially a shield tunnel fire evacuation structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] In order to meet the requirement of fire evacuation, the working well (origin or receiving) of the conventional shield tunnel two ends will be set into the underground equipment room of the tunnel. In this kind of design layout, the fire evacuation opening that can directly lead to the ground is specially equipped, so as to ensure that the personnel can orderly and quickly evacuate in the emergency fire situation, and the personnel life safety and the property loss are maximized. The evacuation sequence follows the established process that the evacuation channel through the shield section is concentrated from the tunnel interior to the working well, and then reaches the ground safety area through the evacuation opening of the working well. In the general land environment working well setting scene, this traditional design mode can more effectively meet the fire evacuation demand.

[0003] In the actual working scene, the working well of part of tunnels has no ground condition (such as water area) for setting the ground evacuation opening, and the fire evacuation opening directly leading to the ground cannot be set at the position of the working well according to the conventional requirement. This condition does not meet the fire requirement of "at least 1 safety exit directly leading to the outdoor" in 12.1.10 of the current specification (building design fireproof specification GB50016-2014 (2018 edition)). The existence of this contradiction brings extremely severe challenge to the fire safety of the shield tunnel working well in this scene. Once the fire accident occurs, the personnel is difficult to reach the safety area in time, and serious personnel casualty and property loss consequences are easily caused.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a shield tunnel fire evacuation structure to solve or at least alleviate the above-mentioned defects. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a shield tunnel fire evacuation structure to solve the technical problem that the working well of part of tunnels has no ground condition (such as water area) for setting the ground evacuation opening, and the fire evacuation opening directly leading to the ground cannot be set at the position of the working well according to the conventional requirement, and there is a great fire safety hidden danger.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a shield tunnel fire evacuation structure, which comprises a shield tunnel section, an open cut tunnel section, a shield working well and a management storehouse. The shield tunnel section comprises an upper traffic layer, a lower evacuation layer and a first communication unit, the first communication unit communicates the upper traffic layer and the lower evacuation layer.

[0007] The shield working well comprises a second communication unit, an upper space layer, a driving space layer and a fire evacuation layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the driving space layer is communicated with the upper driving layer, the fire evacuation layer is communicated with the lower evacuation layer, and the second communication unit communicates the fire evacuation layer and the upper space layer.

[0008] The open-cut tunnel section comprises an upper functional layer and a lower driving layer, the upper functional layer is communicated with the upper space layer, the lower driving layer is communicated with the driving space layer, the upper functional layer is provided with a fire evacuation special passage extending along the extension direction of the open-cut tunnel section, one end of the fire evacuation special passage is communicated with the upper space layer, and the other end is communicated with the management storeroom.

[0009] Preferably, the upper functional layer is further provided with a smoke exhaust passage extending along the extension direction of the open-cut tunnel section, one end of the smoke exhaust passage is communicated with the upper space layer, and the other end is communicated with the smoke exhaust machine room of the management storeroom.

[0010] Preferably, the smoke exhaust passage and the fire evacuation special passage are adjacently arranged and share a partition wall.

[0011] Preferably, the partition wall is a foam concrete partition wall.

[0012] Preferably, the first communication unit comprises a first stair, a first fire door and a second fire door, the first fire door is arranged in the upper driving layer, the second fire door is arranged in the lower evacuation layer, and the first stair connects the first fire door and the second fire door.

[0013] Preferably, the second communication unit comprises a second stair, and the second stair connects the upper space layer and the fire evacuation layer.

[0014] Preferably, a third stair connected with the ground is further arranged in the management storeroom.

[0015] Preferably, the cross section shape of the fire evacuation special passage is rectangular.

[0016] Preferably, the cross section size of the fire evacuation special passage is 4m in height and 3m in width.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the shield tunnel working well has the beneficial effects as follows:

[0018] (1) The fire evacuation special passage of the shield tunnel working well is independent of the social vehicle driving path, escape is not interfered and hindered by the tunnel driving lane vehicles, can be evacuated as soon as possible at the first time of discovering fire, and effectively avoids the occurrence of unexpected dangerous conditions such as evacuation obstruction, direction loss and even suffocation caused by the diffusion of smoke generated by fire.

[0019] (2) The fire evacuation passage of this application can also be used as a maintenance passage. Maintenance personnel can enter the integrated utility tunnel through an independent path for maintenance, without interfering with the normal traffic in the tunnel, which effectively improves the operating efficiency, safety and comprehensive management benefits of the entire shield tunnel system. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the overall structure of the present invention on the horizontal plane where the upper functional layer is located, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a plan view of the overall structure of this utility model on the horizontal plane where the lower carriageway is located, according to one embodiment of the present utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the overall structure in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an open-cut tunnel section in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a plan view of the third staircase connecting to the ground in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the shield tunneling shaft in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] The purpose, features, and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0029] 10. Shield tunnel section; 110. Upper driving level; 120. Lower evacuation level; 20. Open-cut tunnel section; 210. Upper functional level; 211. Dedicated fire evacuation passage; 212. Smoke exhaust passage; 213. Partition wall; 220. Lower driving level; 30. Shield working shaft; 310. Upper space level; 320. Driving space level; 330. Fire evacuation level; 340. Second staircase; 40. Management warehouse; 410. Smoke exhaust fan room; 411. Third staircase. Detailed Implementation

[0030] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement condition, etc. between components in a certain posture (as described in the drawings), and if the certain posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0033] In addition, the description of "first", "second" and the like in the present application is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions of each embodiment can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of ordinary skilled in the art, when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, and is not within the scope of protection required by the present application.

[0034] Please refer to the drawings Figures 1 to 6 The present application provides a shield tunnel fire evacuation structure in an embodiment, which comprises a shield tunnel section 10, an open-cut tunnel section 20, a shield working well 30 and a management storehouse 40; wherein,

[0035] The shield tunnel section 10 comprises an upper traffic layer 110, a lower evacuation layer 120 and a first communication unit (not shown in the figure), the first communication unit communicates the upper traffic layer 110 and the lower evacuation layer 120;

[0036] The shield working well 30 comprises a second communication unit (not shown in the figure), an upper space layer 310, a traffic space layer 320 and a fire evacuation layer 330 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the traffic space layer 320 communicates with the upper traffic layer 110, the fire evacuation layer 330 communicates with the lower evacuation layer 120, and the second communication unit communicates the fire evacuation layer 330 and the upper space layer 310;

[0037] The open-cut tunnel section 20 comprises an upper functional layer 210 and a lower traffic layer 220, the upper functional layer 210 and the upper space layer 310 are communicated, the lower traffic layer 220 and the traffic space layer 320 are communicated, the upper functional layer 210 is provided with a fire-fighting evacuation special passage 211 extending along the extension direction of the open-cut tunnel section 20, one end of the fire-fighting evacuation special passage 211 is communicated with the upper space layer 310, and the other end is communicated with the management storeroom 40.

[0038] Specifically, the shield tunnel section 10 is divided into an upper traffic layer 110 and a lower evacuation layer 120, the upper traffic layer 110 is used for vehicle passing, and the lower evacuation layer 120 is used for emergency evacuation, the first communication unit ensures the communication between the upper traffic layer 110 and the lower evacuation layer 120, in the case of emergency in the upper traffic layer 110, personnel can be quickly transferred from the upper traffic layer 110 to the lower evacuation layer 120 through the first communication unit. The shield working well 30 comprises an upper space layer 310, a traffic space layer 320 and a fire-fighting evacuation layer 330, the traffic space layer 320 is communicated with the upper traffic layer 110 of the shield tunnel section 10, the fire-fighting evacuation layer 330 is communicated with the lower evacuation layer 120 of the shield tunnel section 10, forms part of the evacuation path, and the second communication unit communicates the fire-fighting evacuation layer 330 and the upper space layer 310 in the height direction,

[0039] The open-cut tunnel section 20 is divided into an upper functional layer 210 and a lower traffic layer 220, the upper functional layer 210 can contain various equipment or control rooms, such as fresh air passage, exhaust duct, municipal pipe gallery, etc., the lower traffic layer 220 is communicated with the traffic space layer 320 of the shield working well 30, and forms a complete traffic layer space.

[0040] The application is provided with a fire-fighting evacuation special passage 211 extending along the extension direction of the open-cut tunnel section 20 in the upper functional layer 210, one end of the fire-fighting evacuation special passage 211 is communicated with the upper space layer 310 of the shield working well 30, and the other end is communicated with the management storeroom 40.

[0041] Workflow: In an emergency situation, for example, a fire emergency occurs in the upper traffic layer 110 of the shield tunnel section 10, personnel can quickly enter the lower evacuation layer 120 through the first communication unit, along the lower evacuation layer 120 can enter the fire evacuation layer 330 of the shield working well 30, and then enter the upper space layer 310 upward through the second communication unit. Since the core technical problem to be solved by the present application is to solve the problem that some areas in the prior art (for example, the working well is in water), the top of the upper space layer 310 of the present application is sealed, and personnel do not go out from the upper space layer 310, but enter the management warehouse 40 along the fire evacuation special passage 211, and then escape to the ground from the management warehouse 40. The management warehouse 40 is arranged in a non-water environment, thereby realizing safe and orderly evacuation to the ground safety zone.

[0042] The fire evacuation path of the present application is independent of the social vehicle driving path, and the escape is not interfered and hindered by the tunnel driving lane vehicles. In the first time of discovering the fire, the evacuation can be as soon as possible to effectively avoid the occurrence of unexpected dangerous situations such as evacuation obstruction, direction loss and even suffocation caused by the diffusion of smoke generated by the fire. Secondly, the fire evacuation passage can also serve as a maintenance passage, and maintenance personnel can enter the comprehensive pipe gallery through the independent path for maintenance, which does not interfere with the normal driving of the tunnel, and effectively improves the operation efficiency, safety and comprehensive management benefit of the entire shield tunnel system.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, the upper functional layer 210 is further provided with a smoke exhaust passage 212 extending along the extension direction of the open-cut tunnel section 20. One end of the smoke exhaust passage 212 is in communication with the upper space layer 310, and the other end is in communication with the smoke exhaust machine room 410 of the management warehouse 40.

[0044] Specifically, the smoke exhaust passage 212 can quickly exhaust the smoke and harmful gas generated by the fire from the inside of the tunnel, reduce the smoke concentration, improve the escape feasibility, and thus protect the safety of personnel. The two ends of the smoke exhaust passage 212 are respectively in communication with the upper space layer 310 and the smoke exhaust machine room 410 of the management warehouse 40, forming a complete smoke exhaust system, which can more effectively guide the smoke to the safe area for exhaust, thereby improving the evacuation efficiency, reducing the panic and confusion caused by the smoke, and thus reducing the risk of personnel casualties.

[0045] Further, the smoke exhaust passage 212 and the fire evacuation special passage 211 are arranged adjacent to each other and share a partition wall 213. The smoke exhaust passage 212 and the fire evacuation special passage 211 are arranged adjacent to each other and share a partition wall 213, which avoids the space required for repeated construction of different functional passages, thereby optimizing the space layout inside the tunnel.

[0046] Preferably, the partition wall 213 is a foam concrete partition wall 213. The foam concrete has certain fireproof and heat insulation performance, which improves the fire escape probability and safety of personnel in the special shield tunnel working well environment.

[0047] Further, the first communication unit comprises a first staircase (not shown in the figure), a first fire door (not shown in the figure) arranged in the upper traffic layer 110, and a second fire door (not shown in the figure) arranged in the lower evacuation layer 120, and the first staircase connects the first fire door and the second fire door. Specifically, in an emergency, personnel can quickly transfer from the upper traffic layer 110 to the lower evacuation layer 120 through the first staircase, realizing rapid evacuation. The arrangement of the first fire door and the second fire door can effectively isolate the fire source when a fire occurs, preventing the spread of the fire to other areas and providing safety guarantee for personnel evacuation.

[0048] Further, the second communication unit comprises a second staircase 340 connecting the upper space layer 310 and the fire evacuation layer 330. Specifically, the design of the second communication unit provides an additional evacuation path for personnel from the upper traffic passage to the lower evacuation passage. In an emergency, personnel can choose to quickly transfer from the fire evacuation layer 330 to the upper space layer 310 through the second staircase 340, improving the evacuation efficiency.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, the management warehouse 40 is further provided with a third staircase 411 connected to the ground. In an emergency, personnel can quickly evacuate to the ground through the third staircase 411, ensuring the safety of personnel's life.

[0050] As a specific example, the cross-sectional shape of the fire evacuation special passage 211 is rectangular. In other embodiments, those skilled in the art can also select other cross-sectional shapes according to actual needs.

[0051] As a preferred example, the cross-sectional size of the fire evacuation special passage 211 is set to 4m high*3m wide.

[0052] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application, and any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation according to the content of the present application specification and drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A shield tunnel fire evacuation structure, characterized by, The tunnel comprises a shield tunnel section, an open-cut tunnel section, a shield working well and a management warehouse. The shield tunnel section comprises an upper traffic layer, a lower evacuation layer and a first communication unit, the first communication unit connecting the upper traffic layer and the lower evacuation layer. The shield working well comprises a second communication unit, an upper space layer, a traffic space layer and a fire evacuation layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the traffic space layer being connected with the upper traffic layer, the fire evacuation layer being connected with the lower evacuation layer, the second communication unit connecting the fire evacuation layer and the upper space layer. The open-cut tunnel section comprises an upper functional layer and a lower traffic layer, the upper functional layer being connected with the upper space layer, the lower traffic layer being connected with the traffic space layer, the upper functional layer being provided with a fire evacuation special passage extending along the extension direction of the open-cut tunnel section, one end of the fire evacuation special passage being connected with the upper space layer, the other end being connected with the management warehouse.

2. The shield tunnel fire evacuation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper functional layer is further provided with a smoke exhaust passage extending along the extension direction of the open-cut tunnel section, one end of the smoke exhaust passage being connected with the upper space layer, the other end being connected with a smoke exhaust machine room of the management warehouse.

3. The shield tunnel fire evacuation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The smoke exhaust passage and the fire evacuation special passage are arranged adjacently and share a partition wall.

4. The shield tunnel fire evacuation structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The partition wall is a foam concrete partition wall.

5. The shield tunnel fire evacuation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first communication unit comprises a first stair, a first fire door and a second fire door, the first fire door being arranged in the upper traffic layer, the second fire door being arranged in the lower evacuation layer, the first stair connecting the first fire door and the second fire door.

6. The shield tunnel fire evacuation structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second communication unit comprises a second stair, the second stair connecting the upper space layer and the fire evacuation layer.

7. The shield tunnel fire evacuation structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The management warehouse is further provided with a third stair connected with the ground.

8. The shield tunnel fire evacuation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross section of the fire evacuation special passage is rectangular.

9. The shield tunnel fire evacuation structure according to claim 1, wherein The cross section size of the fire evacuation special passage is 4m in height and 3m in width.

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