Arch bridge model

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of bridge models, and particularly relates to an arch bridge model. The model comprises a bridge abutment, a bridge arch, a bridge floor, a pull rod and a tower, and the bridge abutment is fixed to a bottom plate through tight mortise and tenon connection of all components and cylindrical dowels to form stable support; the bridge arch is formed by connecting a top arch and a side arch through a special tenon-and-mortise structure and a reinforcing piece, and is provided with a wind brace and an arch inclined strut to enhance the stability; a bridge deck slab of the bridge deck is connected with a human-shaped pavement slab through a dovetail joint, a short clamping piece and the like; the pull rods are used for reinforcing connection between the bridge arch and the bridge floor; the tower has the functions of decoration and supporting. The tenon-and-mortise design integrating degree of all parts is high, the model is convenient to assemble, the mechanical property of the arch bridge is effectively restored, and the manufacturing efficiency can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of bridge model, specifically a mortise and tenon structure arch bridge model. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of building models, the production of arch bridge models has always been of great concern. The following are the main problems of the arch bridge model assembly technology in the past:

[0003] First, the main way is to use simple connectors. This type of model is usually assembled with plastic or wooden simple connectors. The disadvantage is obvious. The fit of the connectors is poor. It is difficult to tightly combine the components during assembly, which leads to loose overall structure of the model, and cannot accurately present the mechanical structure and stable form of the arch bridge. Moreover, after slight vibration or multiple handling, the model is easy to collapse, which seriously affects its display and use effect.

[0004] Second, some use the method of glueing. Although glueing can temporarily fix the components to some extent, the quality and durability of the glue cannot be guaranteed. With the passage of time, the glue will deteriorate and lose its adhesion, causing the model components to fall off and unable to maintain the original shape and structure. At the same time, the use of glue may also cause the model surface to be uneven and have stains, reducing the aesthetic and delicate degree of the model.

[0005] Third, some use simple mortise and tenon structure, but these traditional mortise and tenon structures are rough in design. The size precision of the tenon and mortise is not high, and the fit is not tight enough. A lot of time is needed to adjust and correct during assembly, which is low in assembly efficiency. Moreover, when facing complex arch bridge structures, it cannot provide sufficient connection strength and stability, and it is difficult to achieve the mechanical support effect like real arch bridges, and cannot meet the demand for high precision and high stability of arch bridge models.

[0006] In summary, the existing arch bridge model assembly technology cannot balance the structural stability, assembly convenience and cultural artistry. Therefore, a new mortise and tenon structure arch bridge model is of great practical significance. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a kind of mortise and tenon structure arch bridge model, and the model is formed by splicing abutment, bridge arch and bridge deck using various mortise and tenon structures and connectors, which is convenient and stable in model assembly.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model specifically adopts the following technical means:

[0009] An arch bridge model, comprising: abutment, arch, bridge deck, tie rod and tower; the arch is connected to the abutment by a mortise and tenon structure; the bridge deck is clamped on the abutment; the bridge deck comprises bridge deck plates and humanoid pavement plates; the arch and the humanoid pavement plates are provided with inclined insertion holes, and the tie rod is inserted into the insertion holes to connect the arch and the humanoid pavement plates, thereby improving the integrity of the model; the bridge deck plates are connected by dovetail joints to form an integral bridge deck; the side portions of the bridge deck plates are connected to the humanoid pavement plates by short clamping members; and the humanoid pavement plates are embeddedly connected by triangular connecting members to form a continuous humanoid pavement plate structure.

[0010] Further, the abutment comprises a base, a column, a cross beam and a curved rod; a first cross beam is connected to a first column by a tenon of the first cross beam and a mortise of the first column, and a bottom tenon of the first column is inserted into a mortise of the base; a first inclined brace is connected to the curved rod and the abutment by tenons, and a tenon of the curved rod is inserted into a mortise at the top of the first column and combined with the abutment pier.

[0011] Further, the abutment further comprises a second cross beam, a second column and a second inclined brace, the second cross beam is connected to the second column by a tenon of the second cross beam and a mortise of the second column, and the second inclined brace is connected to the second cross beam and the abutment by tenons.

[0012] Further, the abutment further comprises a longitudinal connecting rod, the longitudinal connecting rod comprises a longitudinal beam and a vertical member, an inner recess connection structure of the longitudinal beam is embedded into a cross-shaped groove of the second column, and tenons of the vertical member are respectively inserted into mortises of the side arch and the curved rod.

[0013] Further, the arch comprises a top arch and a side arch; the top arch is connected to the side arch by a first wedge dowel joint structure and a second wedge dowel joint structure of the side arch to form an integral main arch structure, and a diamond-shaped dowel is inserted into a diamond-shaped dowel hole of the main arch structure to enhance the splicing strength and stability of the arch.

[0014] Further, wind braces and arch inclined braces are installed between the main arch structures, the wind braces are connected to mortises on the side of the main arch structure by tenons, and the arches are provided with the arch inclined braces at the connection with the abutment piers, tenons of the arch inclined braces are respectively inserted into mortises of the arches and the abutment piers to enhance the torsional stability of the overall arch bridge.

[0015] Further, the first cross beam is provided with a long clamping member, the bridge deck plates are fixed to the abutment by a mortise and tenon connection to realize stable combination between the bridge deck plates and the abutment.

[0016] Further, the tower is inserted into the base plate by a cylindrical dowel and combined with the structural frame of the abutment to form an integral decorative tower structure.

[0017] The utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] The mortise and tenon cooperation between the closely connected tenon and mortise of the cross beam, the stand column, the base, the curved rod and the inclined support part and the fixing of the abutment and the bottom plate by the cylindrical dowel form a very stable bottom support structure, which can effectively bear the model's own weight and slight external interference, avoids the looseness or deformation of the model and highly restores the mechanical properties of the arch bridge.

[0019] The mortise and tenon design of each part has good directionality and fitting degree, compared with the traditional rough mortise and tenon structure, the adjustment time during assembly is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a splicing schematic view of the cross beam, the stand column and the base in the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 is a splicing schematic view of the curved rod in the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 is a splicing schematic view of the abutment in the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 is a splicing schematic view of the abutment in the utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 is a splicing schematic view of the abutment and the bottom plate in the utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 is a splicing schematic view of the single-side arch structure in the utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 is a splicing schematic view of the main arch structure in the utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 is a splicing schematic view of the main arch structure and the abutment in the utility model;

[0028] Figure 9 is a splicing schematic view of the longitudinal connecting piece in the utility model;

[0029] Figure 10 is a splicing schematic view of the bridge deck in the utility model;

[0030] Figure 11 is a splicing schematic view of the bridge deck and the abutment in the utility model;

[0031] Figure 12is a schematic view of the bridge deck and the human-shaped deck splicing in the utility model;

[0032] Figure 13 is a schematic view of the bridge deck and another human-shaped deck splicing in the utility model;

[0033] Figure 14 is a schematic view of the pull rod and the human-shaped deck splicing in the utility model;

[0034] Figure 15 is a schematic view of the fence and the human-shaped deck splicing in the utility model;

[0035] Figure 16 is a schematic view of the tower and the bottom plate splicing in the utility model;

[0036] Figure 17 is a schematic view of the overall model structure of the utility model.

[0037] The numbers in the figure are:

[0038] 10, abutment; 100, first cross beam; 1000, long clamping piece; 101, stand column; 102, base; 103, curved rod; 104, curved rod connecting rod; 105, first inclined strut; 106, bearing platform; 1060, bearing platform pier; 107, second cross beam; 108, second stand column; 1080, cross slot; 109, second inclined strut;

[0039] 20, bridge arch; 200, main arch structure; 201, top arch; 2010, first wedge dowel structure; 202, side arch; 2020, second wedge dowel structure; 203, diamond dowel; 204, wind brace; 205, arch inclined strut;

[0040] 30, bridge deck; 300, bridge deck plate; 301, longitudinal beam; 3010, concave connecting structure; 302, vertical piece; 303, strip-shaped clamping piece; 304, first human-shaped deck; 3040, first curved groove; 305, second human-shaped deck; 3050, second curved groove; 306, short clamping piece; 307, dovetail;

[0041] 400, pull rod;

[0042] 50, tenon; 60, mortise; 70, cylindrical dowel; 80, bottom plate; 90, fence. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The utility model will be further explained in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific examples. It should be noted that the drawings are all very simplified and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the utility model. The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the utility model in any way. Any changes or modifications made by ordinary skilled persons in the art based on the above disclosure are within the protection scope of the claims.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 , the first crossbeam 100, the first column 101 and the base 102 are closely matched. The tenon 50 of the first crossbeam 100 is accurately inserted into the mortise 60 of the first column 101, and this close matching ensures the vertical connection stability between the crossbeam and the column, laying a solid foundation for subsequent structure building. The tenon 50 at the bottom of the first column is also embedded into the mortise 60 of the base 102, successfully building the foundation support frame of the lower part of the abutment, so that it has strong initial load bearing capacity, effectively ensuring the stability of the bottom of the whole model.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 2 , the tenons 50 at both ends of the curved rod are respectively accurately inserted into the mortises 60 at the top of the first column 101 and the mortises 60 of the abutment pier 1060, and the abutment is shaped into an arched support structure, greatly enhancing the bending resistance of the structure. The tenon 50 of the curved rod connecting rod 104 is closely connected with the mortise 60 of the curved rod 103, ensuring the high precision of the splicing between the curved rods and the smoothness of the curve, so that the whole arched structure can uniformly disperse the pressure when stressed, significantly improving the load bearing efficiency and stability of the structure.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 3 and 4 , the bottom of the abutment 106 is the abutment pier 1060, and the setting of the abutment pier 1060 significantly enhances the stability of the abutment. The tenons 50 at both ends of the first inclined brace 105 are embedded into the mortises 60 of the curved rod 103 and the abutment, forming a stable diagonal bracing system, effectively resisting external torque, greatly improving the torsional stiffness of the overall structure, and ensuring that the abutment remains stable under complex stress environment; the second crossbeam 107 is connected with the mortise 60 of the second column 108 through its tenon 50, and the second inclined brace 109 connects the second crossbeam 107 with the abutment 106 through the tenon 50.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 5The components of the abutment are seamlessly connected through the mortise and tenon structure, and are tightly combined into one. The cylindrical dowel 70 firmly fixes the mortise hole of the abutment and the bottom plate 80. The bottom plate serves as a solid foundation support platform and is tightly connected with the abutment through the mortise and tenon connection, thereby providing stable bottom support for the entire model and effectively preventing displacement or shaking of the model during use. The cylindrical dowels 70 are uniformly distributed at the bottom plate connection part, and the precise fit between the dowels and the mortise holes makes the combination between the abutment and the bottom plate extremely tight.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 6 The top arch 201 and the side arch 202 are tightly combined through the first wedge dowel structure 2010 and the second wedge dowel structure 2020, and together form an arc-shaped main arch structure. The connection between the top arch and the side arch is reinforced by the diamond dowel 203, which enhances the strength of the spliced part and ensures that the main arch structure remains stable when bearing heavy pressure, effectively improving the overall load-bearing performance of the arch bridge.

[0049] Next look at Figure 7 The main arch structure includes a top arch 201, a side arch 202, a wind brace 204, and an arch diagonal brace 205. The tenon 50 of the wind brace is inserted into the mortise 60 of the main arch, successfully building a network support system that can efficiently disperse the forces inside and outside the main arch, enhancing the stability of the main arch structure. The arch diagonal brace further strengthens the lateral stability of the main arch, enabling it to remain stable when facing lateral forces, ensuring the safety and reliability of the overall structure of the arch bridge.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 8 The tenon 50 of the main arch structure 200 is precisely inserted into the mortise 60 of the pile cap pier 1060, forming a stable horizontal and vertical support system that effectively transfers and disperses the load of the arch bridge. At the same time, the close combination of the arch diagonal brace 205 and the pile cap pier significantly improves the torsional performance of the arch bridge model.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 9 The inner recess connection structure 3010 of the longitudinal beam 301 is embedded with the cross slot 1080 of the second column 108, successfully building a longitudinal support frame for the overall bridge deck structure. This stable connection method ensures the stability and straightness of the bridge deck structure in the longitudinal direction, effectively preventing deformation or displacement of the model bridge deck.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 10 and 11The bridge deck panels are connected by dovetail joints 308, which have a unique shape that ensures a tight and secure connection between the panels. In addition, the strip-shaped clamps 303 are inserted into the grooves on the sides of the bridge deck panels, further enhancing the stability of the connection between the panels and ensuring the flatness and integrity of the bridge deck, effectively improving the load-bearing capacity and durability of the bridge deck. The back grooves of the bridge deck panels match the long clamps 1000 of the first cross beam, which are tightly fixed to the abutment through the long clamps, achieving seamless connection between the bridge deck and the abutment.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 12 The grooves of the first humanoid pavement panel 304 are ingeniously combined with the short clamps 306 and round dowels 70, and are stably fixed to the side of the bridge deck panel 300. This design not only meets the functional requirements of the humanoid pavement, but also enhances the visual effect of the overall bridge deck, making the model more realistic and beautiful.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 13 The second humanoid pavement panel 305 is precisely inserted into the groove of the first humanoid pavement panel 304 through the triangular connecting piece 3050, successfully building a complete humanoid pavement system. The stability of the triangular connecting piece effectively enhances the stability of the humanoid pavement panel. The tenon at the bottom of the fence is accurately inserted into the fence groove of the humanoid pavement panel, achieving stable fixation.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 14 The first humanoid pavement panel 304 is opened with an oblique insertion hole below the main arch structure 200, and the pull rod 400 is precisely inserted into the pull rod insertion hole. Through the transmission of longitudinal and transverse tension, it realizes the tight connection between the bridge arch and the bridge deck. This connection method further enhances the overall strength of the arch bridge model, so that the arch bridge can remain stable under various working conditions.

[0056] Please refer to Figures 15-17 The tenon of the tower is inserted into the dowel hole of the bottom plate, and is harmonious and unified with the surrounding decorative components, forming an organic whole. The abutment 10, the arch 20, the bridge deck 30 and the decorative structure support and cooperate with each other, showing the efficient combination of traditional mortise and tenon technology and the mechanical characteristics of arch bridge structure, providing a practical example for the field of architectural models.

[0057] Please refer to Figures 1-17 The assembly of the model mainly includes the following steps:

[0058] 1. Assembly of the abutment

[0059] (1) Prepare the abutment components, including the first cross beam 100, the first vertical column 101, the base 102, the curved rod 103, the curved rod connecting rod 104, the first diagonal brace 105, and the pile cap 106.

[0060] (2) Insert the tenon 50 of the first cross beam 100 into the mortise 60 of the first vertical column 101 to fix it.

[0061] (3) Connect the tenon 50 of the first column 101 bottom with the mortise 60 of the base 102, complete the basic support structure.

[0062] (4) Insert the tenon 50 of the curved rod 103 into the mortise 60 of the first column 101 and the mortise 60 of the bearing pier 1060 respectively, form the arc structure of the abutment.

[0063] (5) Use the tenon 50 of the curved rod connecting rod 104 to connect the mortise 60 between two curved rods 103, so as to form a transverse connection.

[0064] (6) Insert the tenon 50 of the first inclined brace 105 into the mortise 60 of the curved rod 103 and the bearing 106 respectively, enhance the stability of the abutment structure.

[0065] (7) Finally, fix the abutment 10 on the bottom plate 80 through the cylindrical dowel 70, complete the assembly of the abutment.

[0066] 2. Assembly of bridge arch

[0067] (1) Connect the first wedge dowel structure 2010 of the top arch 201 with the second wedge dowel structure 2020 of the side arch 202, form the main arch structure 200.

[0068] (2) Insert the diamond-shaped dowel 203 into the diamond-shaped mortise hole of the main arch structure 200, enhance the firmness of the splicing.

[0069] (3) Insert the tenon 50 of the wind brace 204 into the mortise 60 of the side of the main arch structure 200, complete the connection between the main arches.

[0070] (4) Insert the tenon 50 of the arch inclined brace 205 into the mortise 60 of the wind brace 204 and the side arch 202 respectively, strengthen the stability of the bridge arch structure.

[0071] (5) Insert the tenon 50 of the main arch structure 200 and the arch inclined brace 205 into the mortise 60 of the bearing pier 1060, complete the assembly of the bridge arch.

[0072] 3. Assembly of bridge deck

[0073] (1) Prepare the longitudinal connecting piece, bridge deck plate 300 and related connecting components.

[0074] (2) Connect the inner recess connecting structure 3010 of the longitudinal beam 301 with the cross slot 1080 of the second column 108.

[0075] (3) Connect the bridge deck plates 300 through dovetail joints 308, and fix them in the grooves on the sides of the bridge deck plates 300 through strip clamps 303, form the overall bridge deck structure.

[0076] (4) The back of the bridge deck 300 is clamped with the long clamping piece 1000 of the first cross beam 100, ensuring that the bridge deck 300 is fixed on the abutment 10.

[0077] (5) Finally, the bridge deck 300 is connected to the first human-shaped pavement panel 304 through the short clamping piece 306.

[0078] 4. Assembly of human-shaped pavement panels

[0079] (1) The recess of the first human-shaped pavement panel 304 is fixed by splicing with the short clamping piece 306 and the bridge deck 300;

[0080] (2) The triangular connecting piece 3050 of the second human-shaped pavement panel 305 is embedded in the recess of the first human-shaped pavement panel 304, completing the overall human-shaped pavement structure;

[0081] (3) The fence 90 is inserted into the first human-shaped pavement panel 304 to form a decorative and safe structure on both sides of the arch bridge.

[0082] 5. Assembly of pull rods and fences

[0083] (1) The first human-shaped pavement panel 304 and the main arch structure 200 below are respectively provided with obliquely inserted holes, and the pull rods 400 are respectively inserted into the holes for connecting the bridge deck 30 and the bridge arch 20.

[0084] (2) The fence 90 is spliced to the human-shaped pavement panel.

[0085] 6. Assembly of tower

[0086] (1) The tenon of the tower is inserted into the mortise hole of the bottom plate 80;

[0087] (2) Ensure that the tower components are evenly distributed around the arch bridge, and complete the splicing of the decorative structure.

[0088] 7. Overall inspection

[0089] (1) Check whether the mortise and tenon joint is firm and whether each component is completely embedded;

[0090] (2) The stability and strength of the assembled arch bridge model can be tested to ensure that it meets the design requirements.

Claims

1. An arch bridge model, characterized by, It includes: Abutment (10), bridge arch (20), bridge deck (30), pull rod (400) and tower; the bridge arch (20) is connected to the abutment (10) by mortise and tenon structure;The bridge deck (30) is set on the abutment (10);The bridge deck (30) includes bridge deck panel (300) and human-shaped pavement panel;The bridge arch (20) and human-shaped pavement panel are provided with inclined insertion holes, and the pull rod (400) is inserted into the insertion holes for connecting the bridge arch (20) and human-shaped pavement panel, improving the overall integrity of the model;The bridge deck panel (300) is connected by dovetail (307), forming an overall bridge deck;The side of the bridge deck panel (300) is connected to the human-shaped pavement panel by a short clamping piece (306);The human-shaped pavement panel is embedded and connected by triangular connecting piece (3050), forming a continuous human-shaped pavement panel structure.

2. The model of an arch bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that The abutment (10) includes base (102), column, beam and curved rod (103);The first beam (100) is connected to the first column (101) by the tenon (50) and the mortise (60), and the bottom tenon (50) of the first column (101) is inserted into the mortise (60) of the base (102);The first inclined brace (105) is connected to the curved rod (103) and the bearing platform (106) by the tenon (50), and the tenon (50) of the curved rod (103) is inserted into the mortise (60) at the top of the first column (101) and combined with the bearing platform (1060).

3. The model arch bridge of claim 2, wherein, It also includes second beam (107), second column (101) and second inclined brace (109), the second beam (107) is connected to the second column (108) by the tenon (50) and the mortise (60), and the second inclined brace (109) is connected to the second beam (107) and the bearing platform (106) by the tenon (50).

4. The arch bridge model of claim 2, wherein, The abutment (10) is also provided with a longitudinal connecting rod, which includes longitudinal beam (301) and vertical piece (302), the inner recess connection structure (3010) of the longitudinal beam (301) is embedded with the cross slot (1080) of the second column (108), and the tenon (50) of the vertical piece (302) is respectively inserted into the mortise (60) of the side arch (202) and the curved rod (103).

5. The mortise and tenon bridge model of claim 1, wherein, The bridge arch (20) includes top arch (201) and side arch (202);The first wedge dowel structure (2010) of the top arch (201) is connected to the second wedge dowel structure (2020) of the side arch (202), forming a whole main arch structure (200), and the diamond-shaped dowel is inserted into the diamond-shaped dowel hole of the main arch structure (200) to enhance the splicing strength and stability of the bridge arch.

6. The arch bridge model of claim 1, wherein, The wind brace (204) and arch inclined brace (205) are installed between the main arch structure (200), the wind brace (204) is connected to the mortise (60) on the side of the main arch structure (200) by the tenon, and the connection between the bridge arch (20) and the bearing platform pier (1060) is also provided with the arch inclined brace (205), the tenon (50) of the arch inclined brace (205) is respectively inserted into the mortise of the bridge arch (20) and the bearing platform pier (1060), which is used to enhance the torsional stability of the whole arch bridge.

7. The model arch bridge of claim 2, wherein The first crossbeam (100) is provided with long clamping pieces (1000), and the bridge deck plate (300) is fixed on the abutment by mortise and tenon connection to realize stable combination between the bridge deck plate and the abutment.

8. The arch bridge model of claim 1, wherein, The tower is inserted into the bottom plate (80) by the cylindrical dowel (70) and combined with the structural frame of the abutment (10) to form a tower structure with integral decoration.

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