Round flow battery, flow battery stack and flow battery system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a circular flow battery, a flow battery stack and a flow battery system, the circular flow battery comprises a first fixed end plate, a first liquid inlet plate, a first collector plate, a first bipolar plate, a positive electrode frame, a positive electrode cover plate, an ion exchange membrane, a negative electrode cover plate, a negative electrode frame, a second bipolar plate, a second collector plate, a second liquid inlet plate and a second fixed end plate which are sequentially stacked and arranged in a circular shape, a positive electrode is arranged in the positive electrode accommodating cavity, a negative electrode accommodating cavity is arranged in the negative electrode frame, and a negative electrode is arranged in the negative electrode accommodating cavity. Due to the fact that all the parts are round, stress can be effectively balanced due to the good symmetry of the parts, then the liquid leakage risk can be reduced, electrolyte flows among the plates and is matched with the separation effect of the positive electrode cover plate and the negative electrode cover plate, the flow distribution of the electrolyte can be more uniform, reaction dead zones are reduced, and then higher energy efficiency is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of flow battery technology, and in particular to a circular flow battery, a flow battery stack, and a flow battery system. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the large-scale consumption of fossil fuels has led to increased greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in a growing demand for renewable energy. However, renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power are characterized by instability and discontinuity, requiring large-scale energy storage systems for grid connection. Among available energy storage solutions, electrochemical energy storage technology is considered the most economical and practical choice. Among numerous electrochemical energy storage technologies, vanadium redox flow batteries have attracted widespread attention due to their high safety, energy and power separation, long cycle life, and deep charge / discharge capability.

[0003] Currently, existing flow batteries typically use a rectangular structure for ease of manufacturing. However, rectangular structures are prone to electrolyte leakage due to uneven stress, which in turn shortens the lifespan and reduces the capacity of the flow battery. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a circular flow battery, a flow battery stack and a flow battery system, which has the advantage of reducing the risk of leakage.

[0005] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a circular flow battery is provided, comprising a first fixed end plate, a first liquid inlet plate, a first current collector plate, a first bipolar plate, a positive electrode frame, a positive electrode cover plate, an ion exchange membrane, a negative electrode cover plate, a negative electrode frame, a second bipolar plate, a second current collector plate, a second liquid inlet plate, and a second fixed end plate stacked sequentially in a circular shape. The positive electrode frame has a positive electrode cavity, and the positive electrode cavity has a positive electrode. The negative electrode frame has a negative electrode cavity, and the negative electrode cavity has a negative electrode.

[0007] After entering the positive electrode electrolyte from the first fixed end plate, it passes through the first inlet plate, the first current collector, the first bipolar plate and the positive electrode frame in sequence. It enters from the first side of the positive electrode to participate in the reaction and then flows out from the second side. It then passes through the positive electrode cover plate, the ion exchange membrane, the negative electrode cover plate, the negative electrode frame, the second bipolar plate, the second current collector, the second inlet plate and the second fixed end plate in sequence before flowing out.

[0008] After the negative electrode electrolyte enters through the second fixed end plate, it passes through the second inlet plate, the second current collector, the second bipolar plate and the negative electrode frame in sequence. After entering from the first side of the negative electrode to participate in the reaction, it flows out from the second side. Then it passes through the negative electrode cover plate, the ion exchange membrane, the positive electrode cover plate, the positive electrode frame, the first bipolar plate, the first current collector, the first inlet plate and the first fixed end plate in sequence before flowing out.

[0009] Both the positive electrode cover plate and the negative electrode cover plate are used to separate the positive electrode electrolyte from the negative electrode electrolyte.

[0010] To achieve the above technical solution, since all components are circular, their superior symmetry can effectively balance the forces, thereby reducing the risk of leakage. Furthermore, the electrolyte flows between the plates and, in conjunction with the separation effect of the positive and negative electrode covers, the electrolyte flow distribution can be more uniform, reducing reaction dead zones and thus achieving higher energy efficiency.

[0011] In some exemplary embodiments, a first positive electrode liquid inlet is provided on the first fixed end plate, a second positive electrode liquid inlet is correspondingly provided on the first liquid inlet plate, a third positive electrode liquid inlet is correspondingly provided on the first current collector plate, a fourth positive electrode liquid inlet is correspondingly provided on the first bipolar plate, and a fifth positive electrode liquid inlet is correspondingly provided on the positive electrode frame.

[0012] The fifth positive electrode inlet is connected to the positive electrode cavity, and the positive electrode cavity is provided with a first positive electrode outlet on the side opposite to the first positive electrode inlet. The positive electrode electrolyte enters from the fifth positive electrode outlet, participates in the reaction at the positive electrode, and then flows out from the first positive electrode outlet.

[0013] The positive electrode cover plate is provided with a second positive electrode outlet, the ion exchange membrane is provided with a third positive electrode outlet, the negative electrode cover plate is provided with a fourth positive electrode outlet, the negative electrode frame is provided with a fifth positive electrode outlet, the second bipolar plate is provided with a sixth positive electrode outlet, the second current collector is provided with a seventh positive electrode outlet, the second inlet plate is provided with an eighth positive electrode outlet, and the second fixed end plate is provided with a ninth positive electrode outlet.

[0014] The above technical solution enables the flow of positive electrode electrolyte.

[0015] In some exemplary embodiments, a first negative electrode inlet is provided on the second fixed end plate, a second negative electrode inlet is correspondingly provided on the second inlet plate, a third negative electrode inlet is correspondingly provided on the second current collector plate, a fourth negative electrode inlet is correspondingly provided on the second bipolar plate, and a fifth negative electrode inlet is correspondingly provided on the negative electrode frame.

[0016] The fifth negative electrode inlet is connected to the negative electrode cavity, and the negative electrode cavity is provided with a first negative electrode outlet on the side opposite to the fifth negative electrode inlet. The negative electrode electrolyte enters from the fifth negative electrode outlet, participates in the reaction with the negative electrode, and then flows out from the first negative electrode outlet.

[0017] The negative electrode cover plate is provided with a second negative electrode outlet, the ion exchange membrane is provided with a third negative electrode outlet, the positive electrode cover plate is provided with a fourth negative electrode outlet, the positive electrode frame is provided with a fifth negative electrode outlet, the second bipolar plate is provided with a sixth negative electrode outlet, the second current collector is provided with a seventh negative electrode outlet, the second inlet plate is provided with an eighth negative electrode outlet, and the second fixed end plate is provided with a ninth negative electrode outlet.

[0018] The above technical solution enables the flow of negative electrode electrolyte.

[0019] In some exemplary embodiments, the first positive electrode outlet is located on both sides of the positive electrode cavity, the positive electrode is provided with a first groove, and the first bipolar plate is provided with a first dividing protrusion adapted to the first groove. The first dividing protrusion is embedded in the first groove to divide the positive electrode electrolyte into two streams so that they flow out from the two first positive electrode outlets respectively.

[0020] The above technical solution enables the shunting of the positive electrode electrolyte.

[0021] In some exemplary embodiments, the first negative electrode outlet is located on both sides of the negative electrode cavity, the negative electrode is provided with a second groove, and the second bipolar plate is provided with a second dividing protrusion adapted to the second groove. The second dividing protrusion is embedded in the second groove to divide the negative electrode electrolyte into two streams so that they flow out from the two first negative electrode outlets respectively.

[0022] The above technical solution enables the shunting of the negative electrode electrolyte.

[0023] In some exemplary embodiments, the positive electrode cover plate is provided with a first separating rib corresponding to the first separating protrusion, and the negative electrode cover plate is provided with a second separating rib corresponding to the second separating protrusion.

[0024] The above technical solution ensures that the positive and negative electrolytes do not interact after shunting.

[0025] In some exemplary embodiments, the circular flow battery is further provided with a plurality of positioning holes.

[0026] The above technical solution enables accurate alignment of components during assembly through positioning holes, making the assembly process simpler and more convenient.

[0027] In some exemplary embodiments, the outer periphery of the first fixed end plate and the second fixed end plate are respectively provided with corresponding first locking holes and second locking holes.

[0028] To achieve the above technical solution, the first fixed end plate and the second fixed end plate are locked and fixed by installing bolt assemblies through the first locking hole and the second locking hole.

[0029] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a flow battery stack is provided, comprising a plurality of circular flow batteries as described in the first aspect, wherein each of the circular flow batteries is connected in series.

[0030] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a flow battery system is provided, comprising:

[0031] As described in the second aspect, the flow battery stack;

[0032] A positive electrode storage tank is used to store positive electrode electrolyte and is connected to the first fixed end plate via a first infusion pump.

[0033] The negative electrode storage tank is used to store the negative electrode electrolyte and is connected to the second fixed end plate through the second infusion pump.

[0034] In summary, compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] This utility model provides a circular flow battery, a flow battery stack, and a flow battery system. Since all components are circular, their superior symmetry effectively balances the forces, thereby reducing the risk of leakage. Furthermore, the electrolyte flows between the plates, and with the separation effect of the positive and negative electrode covers, the electrolyte flow distribution is more uniform, reducing reaction dead zones and thus achieving higher energy efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circular flow battery in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the circular flow battery in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0038] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the circular flow battery in an embodiment of this utility model from another perspective.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the flow battery system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] The numbers and letters in the diagram represent the names of the corresponding components:

[0041] 10. First fixed end plate; 101. First positive electrode inlet; 102. Ninth negative electrode outlet; 103. Positioning hole; 104. First locking hole; 11. First inlet plate; 111. Second positive electrode inlet; 112. Eighth negative electrode outlet; 12. First collector plate; 121. Third positive electrode inlet; 122. Seventh negative electrode outlet; 13. First bipolar plate; 131. Fourth positive electrode inlet; 132. Sixth negative electrode outlet; 13 3. First dividing protrusion; 14. Positive electrode frame; 141. Positive electrode; 142. Positive electrode cavity; 143. Fifth positive electrode inlet; 144. First positive electrode outlet; 145. Fifth negative electrode outlet; 146. First groove; 15. Positive electrode cover plate; 151. Second positive electrode outlet; 152. Fourth negative electrode outlet; 153. First dividing rib; 16. Ion exchange membrane; 161. Third positive electrode outlet; 162. Third negative electrode outlet 17. Negative electrode cover plate; 171. Fourth positive electrode outlet; 172. Second negative electrode outlet; 173. Second separating rib; 18. Negative electrode frame; 181. Negative electrode; 182. Negative electrode cavity; 183. Fifth positive electrode outlet; 184. Fifth negative electrode inlet; 185. First negative electrode outlet; 186. Second recessed groove; 19. Second bipolar plate; 191. Sixth positive electrode outlet; 192. Fourth negative electrode inlet; 193. 20. Second separator protrusion; 201. Seventh positive electrode outlet; 202. Third negative electrode inlet; 21. Second inlet plate; 211. Eighth positive electrode outlet; 212. Second negative electrode inlet; 22. Second fixed end plate; 221. Ninth positive electrode outlet; 222. First negative electrode inlet; 223. Second locking hole; 23. Positive electrode storage tank; 231. First infusion pump; 24. Negative electrode storage tank; 241. Second infusion pump. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the first aspect of this utility model provides a circular flow battery, comprising a first fixed end plate 10, a first liquid inlet plate 11, a first current collector plate 12, a first bipolar plate 13, a positive electrode frame 14, a positive electrode cover plate 15, an ion exchange membrane 16, a negative electrode cover plate 17, a negative electrode frame 18, a second bipolar plate 19, a second current collector plate 20, a second liquid inlet plate 21, and a second fixed end plate 22 stacked sequentially in a circular shape. The positive electrode frame 14 is provided with a positive electrode cavity 142, and a positive electrode 141 is provided in the positive electrode cavity 142. The negative electrode frame 18 is provided with a negative electrode cavity 182, and a negative electrode 181 is provided in the negative electrode cavity 182. The positive electrode cover plate 15 and the negative electrode cover plate 17 are both used to separate the positive electrode electrolyte from the negative electrode electrolyte.

[0044] After entering through the first fixed end plate 10, the positive electrode electrolyte passes sequentially through the first inlet plate 11, the first current collector 12, the first bipolar plate 13 and the positive electrode frame 14. It enters from the first side of the positive electrode 141 to participate in the reaction and then flows out from the second side. It then passes sequentially through the positive electrode cover plate 15, the ion exchange membrane 16, the negative electrode cover plate 17, the negative electrode frame 18, the second bipolar plate 19, the second current collector 20, the second inlet plate 21 and the second fixed end plate 22 before flowing out.

[0045] After entering through the second fixed end plate 22, the negative electrode electrolyte passes sequentially through the second inlet plate 21, the second current collector 20, the second bipolar plate 19, and the negative electrode frame 18. It enters from the first side of the negative electrode 181 to participate in the reaction and then flows out from the second side. It then passes sequentially through the negative electrode cover plate 17, the ion exchange membrane 16, the positive electrode cover plate 15, the positive electrode frame 14, the first bipolar plate 13, the first current collector 12, the first inlet plate 11, and the first fixed end plate 10 before flowing out.

[0046] Specifically, the first fixed end plate 10 is provided with a first positive electrode liquid inlet 101, the first liquid inlet plate 11 is provided with a second positive electrode liquid inlet 111, the first current collector plate 12 is provided with a third positive electrode liquid inlet 121, the first bipolar plate 13 is provided with a fourth positive electrode liquid inlet 131, and the positive electrode frame 14 is provided with a fifth positive electrode liquid inlet 143.

[0047] The fifth positive electrode inlet 143 is connected to the positive electrode cavity 142, and the positive electrode cavity 142 is provided with a first positive electrode outlet 144 on the opposite side of the first positive electrode inlet 101. The positive electrode electrolyte enters from the fifth positive electrode outlet 183, participates in the reaction through the positive electrode 141, and then flows out from the first positive electrode outlet 144.

[0048] The positive electrode cover plate 15 is provided with a second positive electrode outlet 151, the ion exchange membrane 16 is provided with a third positive electrode outlet 161, the negative electrode cover plate 17 is provided with a fourth positive electrode outlet 171, the negative electrode frame 18 is provided with a fifth positive electrode outlet 183, the second bipolar plate 19 is provided with a sixth positive electrode outlet 191, the second current collector 20 is provided with a seventh positive electrode outlet 201, the second liquid inlet plate 21 is provided with an eighth positive electrode outlet 211, and the second fixed end plate 22 is provided with a ninth positive electrode outlet 221, thus realizing the flow of positive electrode electrolyte.

[0049] The second fixed end plate 22 is provided with a first negative electrode liquid inlet 222, the second liquid inlet plate 21 is provided with a corresponding second negative electrode liquid inlet 212, the second collector plate 20 is provided with a corresponding third negative electrode liquid inlet 202, the second bipolar plate 19 is provided with a corresponding fourth negative electrode liquid inlet 192, and the negative electrode frame 18 is provided with a corresponding fifth negative electrode liquid inlet 184.

[0050] The fifth negative electrode inlet 184 is connected to the negative electrode cavity 182, and the negative electrode cavity 182 and the fifth negative electrode inlet 184 are provided with a first negative electrode outlet 185. The negative electrode electrolyte enters from the fifth negative electrode outlet 145, participates in the reaction through the negative electrode 181, and then flows out from the first negative electrode outlet 185.

[0051] The negative electrode cover plate 17 is provided with a second negative electrode outlet 172, the ion exchange membrane 16 is provided with a third negative electrode outlet 162, the positive electrode cover plate 15 is provided with a fourth negative electrode outlet 152, the positive electrode frame 14 is provided with a fifth negative electrode outlet 145, the second bipolar plate 19 is provided with a sixth negative electrode outlet 132, the second current collector 20 is provided with a seventh negative electrode outlet 122, the second liquid inlet plate 21 is provided with an eighth negative electrode outlet 112, and the second fixed end plate 22 is provided with a ninth negative electrode outlet 102, thus realizing the flow of negative electrode electrolyte.

[0052] Furthermore, the circular flow battery is also provided with a number of positioning holes 103. Preferably, there are four positioning holes 103 symmetrically distributed. The diameter of the positioning holes 103 is 10-20mm, preferably 18mm. The positioning holes 103 enable the components to be accurately aligned during assembly, making the assembly process simpler and more convenient. During installation, a positioning pin for sealing connection can be inserted into the positioning hole 103 to achieve positioning, installation and sealing of the components.

[0053] Meanwhile, corresponding first locking holes 104 and second locking holes 223 are respectively provided on the outer periphery of the first fixed end plate 10 and the second fixed end plate 22 near the edge. The first locking holes 104 and the second locking holes 223 are both through holes, and multiple holes are evenly arranged around the periphery. The diameter of the first locking holes 104 and the second locking holes 223 is 20-40mm. Preferably, the diameter of the first locking holes 104 and the second locking holes 223 is 20mm. The bolt assembly is installed through the first locking holes 104 and the second locking holes 223 to realize the locking and fixing of the first fixed end plate 10 and the second fixed end plate 22.

[0054] The thickness of the first fixed end plate 10 and the second fixed end plate 22 is 20-80mm, preferably 30mm; the diameter of the first positive electrode liquid inlet 101, the first negative electrode liquid inlet 222, the ninth negative electrode liquid outlet 102, and the ninth positive electrode liquid outlet 221 is 20-150mm, preferably 30mm; the thickness of the first liquid inlet plate 11 and the second liquid inlet plate 21 is 20-60mm, preferably 30mm; the diameter of the second positive electrode liquid inlet 111, the second negative electrode liquid outlet 221, and the second negative electrode liquid outlet 221 is 20-150mm, preferably 30mm; the thickness of the second liquid inlet plate 111 and the second negative electrode liquid outlet 222 is 20-60mm, preferably 30mm; the diameter of the second positive electrode liquid inlet 111 and the second negative electrode liquid outlet 222 is The liquid inlet 212, the eighth negative electrode outlet 112, and the eighth positive electrode outlet 211 are all configured as countersunk through holes, the diameter of which is 10-20 mm smaller than the diameter of the first positive electrode inlet 101. The small hole diameter of the countersunk through hole is 20-80 mm, and the large hole diameter is 5-20 mm larger than the small hole diameter. Preferably, the diameter of the countersunk through hole is 10 mm smaller than the diameter of the first positive electrode inlet 101, the small hole diameter of the countersunk through hole is 25 mm, and the large hole diameter is 10 mm larger than the small hole diameter.

[0055] Both the first current collector 12 and the second current collector 20 are provided with tabs, and the tabs are provided with wiring holes for wiring. The diameter of the wiring holes is 5-30mm, preferably 10mm. The tabs are also provided with clearance holes corresponding to the first locking hole 104 and the second locking hole 223. The diameter of the clearance holes is 5-10mm larger than the diameter of the first locking hole 104, preferably 10mm larger than the diameter of the first locking hole 104. The thickness of the positive electrode frame 14 and the negative electrode frame 18 is 2-10mm, preferably 5mm. The thickness of the positive electrode cover plate 15 and the negative electrode cover plate 17 is 0.5-2mm, preferably 1mm.

[0056] Furthermore, all components are sealed using a surface sealing method, and sealing gaskets can be placed between the plates to improve sealing performance. The sealing gaskets are preferably silicone gaskets with a thickness of 0.5-1mm, and preferably 1mm.

[0057] In this embodiment, the first positive electrode outlet 144 is located on both sides of the positive electrode cavity 142. The positive electrode 141 is provided with a first groove 146, and the first bipolar plate 13 is provided with a first separating protrusion 133 that matches the first groove 146. The first separating protrusion 133 is embedded in the first groove 146 to separate the positive electrode electrolyte into two streams so that they flow out from the two first positive electrode outlets 144 respectively, thereby realizing the diversion of the positive electrode electrolyte. The first negative electrode outlet 185 is located on both sides of the negative electrode cavity 182. The negative electrode 181 is provided with a second groove 186, and the second bipolar plate 19 is provided with a second dividing protrusion 193 adapted to the second groove 186. The second dividing protrusion 193 is embedded in the second groove 186 to divide the negative electrode electrolyte into two streams so that they flow out from the two first negative electrode outlets 185 respectively, thereby realizing the diversion of the negative electrode electrolyte. The height of the first dividing protrusion 133 is the same as the thickness of the positive electrode frame 14, and the height of the second dividing protrusion 193 is the same as the thickness of the negative electrode frame 18.

[0058] The positive electrode cover plate 15 is provided with a first separating rib 153 corresponding to the first separating protrusion 133, and the negative electrode cover plate 17 is provided with a second separating rib 173 corresponding to the second separating protrusion 193. Both the first separating rib 153 and the second separating rib 173 extend to near the center, so that the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte will not interact after the current is split.

[0059] Since all components are circular, their superior symmetry can effectively balance the forces, thereby reducing the risk of leakage. Furthermore, the electrolyte flows between the plates and, in conjunction with the separation effect of the positive electrode cover plate 15 and the negative electrode cover plate 17, the electrolyte flow distribution can be more uniform, reducing reaction dead zones and thus achieving higher energy efficiency.

[0060] The second aspect of this utility model provides a flow battery stack, which includes a plurality of circular flow batteries as described in the first aspect, wherein each circular flow battery is connected in series. Preferably, the flow battery stack includes two or more sets of circular flow batteries connected in series.

[0061] A third aspect of this utility model provides a flow battery system, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it includes: a flow battery stack as in the second aspect; a positive electrode storage tank 23 for storing positive electrode electrolyte and connected to a first fixed end plate 10 via a first infusion pump 231; and a negative electrode storage tank 24 for storing negative electrode electrolyte and connected to a second fixed end plate 22 via a second infusion pump 241. Figure 4 In the diagram, the solid arrows indicate the flow direction of the positive electrolyte, while the dashed arrows indicate the flow direction of the negative electrolyte.

[0062] Assemble the flow battery stack as described above, setting the electrode area to 2700 cm². 2The circular flow battery consists of 20 cells, using a surface-sealed design with a 1mm thick silicone gasket as the sealing material. After assembly, the stack is ensured to have no internal or external leakage. Testing shows a charge / discharge coulombic efficiency of 97.8%, a voltage efficiency of 86.4%, and an energy efficiency of 84.5%.

[0063] The above embodiments only illustrate several implementation methods of this utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of this utility model. These are all equivalent modifications and improvements made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of this utility model, and all of these fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A circular flow battery, characterized in that, The application relates to a circularly arranged fuel cell, which comprises a first fixed end plate, a first liquid inlet plate, a first current collecting plate, a first bipolar plate, a positive electrode frame, a positive cover plate, an ion exchange membrane, a negative cover plate, a negative electrode frame, a second bipolar plate, a second current collecting plate, a second liquid inlet plate and a second fixed end plate which are sequentially stacked, wherein a positive cavity is arranged in the positive electrode frame, a positive electrode is arranged in the positive cavity, a negative cavity is arranged in the negative electrode frame, and a negative electrode is arranged in the negative cavity. After the positive electrolyte enters the first fixed end plate, the positive electrolyte sequentially passes through the first liquid inlet plate, the first current collecting plate, the first bipolar plate and the positive electrode frame, enters the positive electrode from the first side of the positive electrode to participate in a reaction, flows out from the second side, sequentially passes through the positive cover plate, the ion exchange membrane, the negative cover plate, the negative electrode frame, the second bipolar plate, the second current collecting plate, the second liquid inlet plate and the second fixed end plate, and then flows out. After the negative electrolyte enters the second fixed end plate, the negative electrolyte sequentially passes through the second liquid inlet plate, the second current collecting plate, the second bipolar plate and the negative electrode frame, enters the negative electrode from the first side of the negative electrode to participate in a reaction, flows out from the second side, sequentially passes through the negative cover plate, the ion exchange membrane, the positive cover plate, the positive electrode frame, the first bipolar plate, the first current collecting plate, the first liquid inlet plate and the first fixed end plate, and then flows out. The positive cover plate and the negative cover plate are used for separating the positive electrolyte from the negative electrolyte.

2. The circular flow battery of claim 1, wherein, A first positive liquid inlet is arranged on the first fixed end plate, a second positive liquid inlet is correspondingly arranged on the first liquid inlet plate, a third positive liquid inlet is correspondingly arranged on the first current collecting plate, a fourth positive liquid inlet is correspondingly arranged on the first bipolar plate, and a fifth positive liquid inlet is correspondingly arranged on the positive electrode frame. The fifth positive liquid inlet is connected with the positive cavity, and a first positive liquid outlet is arranged on the opposite side of the positive cavity and the first positive liquid inlet. A second positive liquid outlet is correspondingly arranged on the positive cover plate, a third positive liquid outlet is correspondingly arranged on the ion exchange membrane, a fourth positive liquid outlet is correspondingly arranged on the negative cover plate, a fifth positive liquid outlet is correspondingly arranged on the negative electrode frame, a sixth positive liquid outlet is correspondingly arranged on the second bipolar plate, a seventh positive liquid outlet is correspondingly arranged on the second current collecting plate, an eighth positive liquid outlet is correspondingly arranged on the second liquid inlet plate, and a ninth positive liquid outlet is correspondingly arranged on the second fixed end plate. The positive electrolyte enters the fifth positive liquid outlet, participates in a reaction through the positive electrode, and then flows out from the first positive liquid outlet.

3. The circular flow battery of claim 2, wherein, A first negative liquid inlet is arranged on the second fixed end plate, a second negative liquid inlet is correspondingly arranged on the second liquid inlet plate, a third negative liquid inlet is correspondingly arranged on the second current collecting plate, a fourth negative liquid inlet is correspondingly arranged on the second bipolar plate, and a fifth negative liquid inlet is correspondingly arranged on the negative electrode frame. The fifth negative liquid inlet is connected with the negative cavity, and a first negative liquid outlet is arranged on the opposite side of the negative cavity and the fifth negative liquid inlet. The second negative liquid outlet is correspondingly arranged on the negative cover plate, the third negative liquid outlet is correspondingly arranged on the ion exchange membrane, the fourth negative liquid outlet is correspondingly arranged on the positive cover plate, the fifth negative liquid outlet is correspondingly arranged on the positive electrode frame, the sixth negative liquid outlet is correspondingly arranged on the second bipolar plate, the seventh negative liquid outlet is correspondingly arranged on the second current collector plate, the eighth negative liquid outlet is correspondingly arranged on the second liquid inlet plate, and the ninth negative liquid outlet is correspondingly arranged on the second fixed end plate. The negative electrolyte enters from the fifth negative liquid outlet, participates in the reaction through the negative electrode, and flows out from the first negative liquid outlet.

4. The circular flow battery of claim 3, wherein, The first positive liquid outlet is located on both sides of the positive cavity, the first embedding groove is arranged on the positive electrode, the first separation protrusion matched with the first embedding groove is arranged on the first bipolar plate, and the first separation protrusion is embedded in the first embedding groove to separate the positive electrolyte into two streams to flow out from the two first positive liquid outlets.

5. The circular flow battery of claim 4, wherein, The first negative liquid outlet is located on both sides of the negative cavity, the second embedding groove is arranged on the negative electrode, the second separation protrusion matched with the second embedding groove is arranged on the second bipolar plate, and the second separation protrusion is embedded in the second embedding groove to separate the negative electrolyte into two streams to flow out from the two first negative liquid outlets.

6. The circular flow battery of claim 5, wherein, The first separation protrusion is arranged on the positive cover plate, and the second separation protrusion is arranged on the negative cover plate.

7. The circular flow battery of claim 1, wherein, The circular flow battery is also provided with a plurality of positioning holes.

8. The circular flow battery of claim 1, wherein, The first fixed end plate and the second fixed end plate are respectively provided with corresponding first locking holes and second locking holes.

9. A flow battery stack, characterized by A plurality of circular flow batteries as claimed in any one of claims 1-8 are connected in series.

10. A flow battery system, characterized by, The circular flow battery comprises: The flow battery stack as claimed in claim 9; The positive liquid storage tank is used for storing the positive electrolyte and is connected to the first fixed end plate through the first liquid pump. The negative liquid storage tank is used for storing the negative electrolyte and is connected to the second fixed end plate through the second liquid pump.

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