Powder ultrasonic selective separation 3D printing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of 3D printing, in particular to a powder ultrasonic selective separation 3D printing device. A powder ultrasonic selective separation 3D printing device comprises a rack, a printing platform is arranged on the rack, and a powder laying area and a printing area are arranged on the printing platform; a notch is formed in the rear side wall of a spray head of the ultrasonic spray nozzle, the ultrasonic spray nozzle is arranged above the printing platform and fixedly connected with the rack through a three-axis driving mechanism, and the three-axis driving mechanism drives the ultrasonic spray nozzle to move in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction; the rotary driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the ultrasonic nozzle and is used for driving the ultrasonic nozzle to rotate; a powder spreading roller; and the driving mechanism is used for driving the powder spreading roller to move back and forth in the powder spreading area and the printing area. The 3D printing device has the advantages of being high in 3D printing efficiency, convenient to operate, simple in structure, high in practicability and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to 3D printing field, is a kind of powder ultrasonic selective separation 3D printing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of aerospace, automobile industry and the demand of printing various powder materials, in recent years, powder 3D printing technology is widely used in manufacturing, construction, medical field, education and research, and art and design, and the production and customization of complex parts are realized by the flowability and filling property of powder.

[0003] The existing powder 3D printing technology is difficult to print high-precision samples, due to the particle size limit of powder particles and interlayer bonding mode, the surface roughness of printed parts is high, and subsequent processing (such as polishing and grinding) will increase cost and time, in addition, the selection of powder 3D printing material is strict, and some special materials (such as superalloy and composite material) are difficult to be directly applied. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] The utility model aims at providing a kind of powder ultrasonic selective separation 3D printing device.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a kind of powder ultrasonic selective separation 3D printing device, comprising:

[0006] Frame, the frame is equipped with printing platform, the printing platform is equipped with powder laying area and printing area;

[0007] Ultrasonic nozzle, the rear side wall of the spray head of the ultrasonic nozzle is provided with a notch, the ultrasonic nozzle is arranged above the printing platform, and is fixedly connected with the frame by a three-axis driving mechanism, the three-axis driving mechanism drives the ultrasonic nozzle to move along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions;

[0008] Rotary driving mechanism, the rotary driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the ultrasonic nozzle, and is used to drive the rotary motion of the ultrasonic nozzle;

[0009] Powder laying roller, the powder laying roller is horizontally arranged above the printing platform;

[0010] Driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is fixedly connected with the frame, and the driving end is in transmission connection with the powder laying roller, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the powder laying roller to move back and forth in the powder laying area and the printing area.

[0011] Further, the three-axis driving mechanism comprises an X-axis driving unit, a Y-axis driving unit and a Z-axis driving unit, wherein the Y-axis driving unit is provided with two and is distributed on both sides of the printing platform, the driving ends of the two Y-axis driving units are connected through a connecting frame, the X-axis driving unit is arranged on the connecting frame, the Z-axis driving unit is mounted on the driving end of the X-axis driving unit, and the ultrasonic nozzle is connected and fixed with the driving end of the Z-axis driving unit.

[0012] Further, the upper end of the ultrasonic nozzle is provided with a ceramic sheet.

[0013] Further, the rotating driving mechanism comprises a driving frame, a first motor, a gear shaft and a gear disc, the driving frame is connected and fixed with the driving end of the Z-axis driving unit, the first motor is fixed on the driving frame, the driving shaft of the first motor is arranged downward, the gear shaft is coaxially fixed on the driving shaft of the first motor, the gear disc is rotatably mounted on the driving frame, the external gear of the gear disc is engaged with the gear shaft, and the ultrasonic nozzle is coaxially fixed in the gear disc, the lower end of the ultrasonic nozzle penetrates through the driving frame, and the upper end of the ultrasonic nozzle is externally connected with a threaded hose.

[0014] Further, the driving mechanism comprises:

[0015] Two guide rails are arranged, and the two guide rails are horizontally arranged on both sides of the printing platform and are fixedly connected with the rack;

[0016] A second motor is fixed on the rack;

[0017] Two conveying belts are arranged, and the two conveying belts are arranged correspondingly to the two guide rails, the second motor is drivingly connected with one of the conveying belts, and the two conveying belts are drivingly connected through a transmission shaft;

[0018] Two belt pressing plates are arranged, and the two belt pressing plates are arranged correspondingly to the two guide rails and the two conveying belts, and the belt pressing plates are slidingly connected with the guide rails and fixedly connected with the conveying belts.

[0019] Further, the upper end of the belt pressing plate is provided with a lifting platform, and the powder spreading roller is connected and fixed with the lifting platform.

[0020] Further, one end of the powder spreading roller is drivingly connected with a third motor.

[0021] Further, the powder spreading area is provided with a powder supply bottom plate, the lower part of the powder spreading area is provided with a powder supply cylinder with an open lower end, the powder supply bottom plate is located in the powder supply cylinder, the side wall of the powder supply bottom plate is slidingly connected with the inner wall of the powder supply cylinder, the bottom of the powder supply bottom plate is provided with a first lifting unit, and the first lifting unit drives the powder supply bottom plate to move up and down along the inner wall of the powder supply cylinder.

[0022] Further, the printing area is provided with a forming bottom plate, a lower end of the printing area is provided with a forming cylinder which is open, the forming bottom plate is located in the forming cylinder, a side wall of the forming bottom plate is in sliding connection with an inner wall of the forming cylinder, and a bottom of the forming bottom plate is provided with a second lifting unit.

[0023] The 3D printing device has the advantages that the ultrasonic nozzle is driven to rotate by the rotary driving mechanism, so that the isolation powder is sprayed from the rear of the nozzle, and the forming material and the isolation material are separated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced.

[0025] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of a powder ultrasonic selective separation 3D printing device of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of a three-axis driving mechanism of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of a driving mechanism of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of a rotary driving mechanism of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of a powder ultrasonic selective separation 3D printing device of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 is a structural schematic view of an ultrasonic nozzle of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 is a partial structural schematic view of the ultrasonic nozzle of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0033] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the meaning of "multiple" is two or more than two, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0034] On the one hand, please refer to Figures 1-7 The utility model provides a kind of powder ultrasonic selective separation 3D printing device, comprising:

[0035] Frame 100, the printing platform 200 is equipped on the frame 100, and the powder laying area and the printing area are equipped on the printing platform 200;

[0036] Ultrasonic nozzle 300, the rear side wall of the spray head of the ultrasonic nozzle 300 is provided with a gap 301, the ultrasonic nozzle 300 is arranged above the printing platform 200, and it is fixedly connected with the frame 100 by three-axis drive mechanism, and the three-axis drive mechanism drives the ultrasonic nozzle 300 to move along the direction of X axis, Y axis and Z axis;

[0037] Rotary drive mechanism, the rotary drive mechanism is transmissionally connected with the ultrasonic nozzle 300, and it is used to drive the rotary motion of the ultrasonic nozzle 300;

[0038] Powder laying roller 400, the powder laying roller 400 is horizontally arranged above the printing platform 200;

[0039] Drive mechanism, the drive mechanism is fixedly connected with the frame 100, and the driving end is transmissionally connected with the powder laying roller 400, and the drive mechanism is used to drive the powder laying roller 400 to move back and forth in the powder laying area and the printing area.

[0040] In the utility model, in order to guarantee the lightweight of equipment, frame 100 is the frame structure composed of angle steel, and the bottom of frame 100 is provided with universal wheel 101, to facilitate the movement of equipment. The printing platform 200 is used to realize 3D job printing, the powder laying area is used to feed forming powder material, and the printing area is used to complete 3D printing process. After the feeding of forming powder on the powder laying area is completed, the drive mechanism drives the powder laying roller 400 to move, and the forming powder in the powder laying area is laid to the printing area. The powder laying area and the printing area are distributed along the Y axis direction, and the powder laying roller 400 is arranged along the X axis direction. The three-axis drive mechanism realizes the accurate adjustment of the ultrasonic nozzle 300 in the X axis, Y axis and Z axis directions, improves the printing precision and printing efficiency. The isolated powder of 3D printing enters the ultrasonic nozzle 300, the three-axis drive mechanism drives the ultrasonic nozzle 300 to move to the top of the printing area, the rotary drive mechanism drives the ultrasonic nozzle 300 to keep rotating state in the working process, and the isolated powder is sprayed from the gap 301 of the ultrasonic nozzle 300 during printing. Since the ultrasonic nozzle 300 is in rotating state, the isolated powder is sprayed from the rear of nozzle, which is beneficial to separate the forming material from the isolated material.

[0041] As an embodiment of this utility model, the three-axis drive mechanism includes an X-axis drive unit 500, a Y-axis drive unit 501, and a Z-axis drive unit 502. There are two Y-axis drive units 501, which are distributed on both sides of the printing platform 200. The drive ends of the two Y-axis drive units 501 are connected by a connecting frame. The X-axis drive unit 500 is disposed on the connecting frame. The Z-axis drive unit 502 is mounted on the drive end of the X-axis drive unit 500. The ultrasonic nozzle 300 is connected and fixed to the drive end of the Z-axis drive unit 502.

[0042] In this invention, the X-axis drive unit 500, the Y-axis drive unit 501, and the Z-axis drive unit 502 are all linear modules. The drive structure of the linear module has the advantages of straight drive trajectory, high drive efficiency, and low implementation cost.

[0043] As an embodiment of the present invention, the upper end of the ultrasonic nozzle 300 is provided with a ceramic plate 302, which is fixed by a rear cover 304 and a nut 303.

[0044] In this invention, a control line is externally connected to the ceramic plate 302, and an ultrasonic vibrator is connected to the control line. The ultrasonic vibrator transmits ultrasonic vibrations to the ceramic plate 302, which ultimately act on the ultrasonic nozzle 300. Under the action of ultrasonic vibration, the ultrasonic nozzle 300 achieves precise control of the powder flow rate during powder spraying and ensures uniform powder spraying.

[0045] As an embodiment of this utility model, the rotary drive mechanism includes a drive frame 600, a first motor 601, a gear shaft 602, and a gear disk 603. The drive frame 600 is connected and fixed to the drive end of the Z-axis drive unit 502. The first motor 601 is fixed on the drive frame 600 with its drive shaft facing downward. The gear shaft 602 is coaxially fixed on the drive shaft of the first motor 601. The gear disk 603 is rotatably mounted on the drive frame 600, and its external gear meshes with the gear shaft 602. The ultrasonic nozzle 300 is coaxially fixed inside the gear disk 603, with its lower end passing through the drive frame 600 and its upper end externally connected to a threaded hose 604.

[0046] In this invention, a first motor 601 drives a gear shaft 602 to rotate a gear disk 603, thereby achieving rotation of the ultrasonic nozzle 300. Preferably, the first motor 601 is connected to the gear shaft 602 via a coupling 605, and the ultrasonic nozzle 300 is coaxially fixed to the gear disk 603 via a flange. Isolation powder is conveyed to the ultrasonic nozzle 300 through a threaded hose 604. The ultrasonic nozzle 300 and the first motor 601 are not coaxially positioned, allowing for more flexible movement of the ultrasonic nozzle 300, achieving a larger range of motion and more complex trajectories. This better meets the printing needs of complex shapes and structures, improves printing accuracy and efficiency, and also reduces the load on the first motor 601, extending its service life.

[0047] As one embodiment of this utility model, the driving mechanism includes:

[0048] The guide rail 700 has two rails; the two guide rails 700 are respectively horizontally arranged on both sides of the printing platform 200 and fixedly connected to the frame 100.

[0049] The second motor 701 is fixed on the frame 100;

[0050] Two conveyor belts 702 are provided; the two conveyor belts 702 are correspondingly arranged with the two guide rails 700; the second motor 701 is drivenly connected to one of the conveyor belts 702; the two conveyor belts 702 are drivenly connected through a drive shaft.

[0051] Two belt pressure plates 703 are provided; the two belt pressure plates 703 are correspondingly arranged with the two guide rails 700 and the two conveyor belts 702, and the belt pressure plates 703 are slidably connected to the guide rails 700 and fixedly connected to the conveyor belts 702.

[0052] In this invention, the guide rail 700 is positioned along the Y-axis, ensuring the straightness and stability of the drive mechanism's trajectory. The drive mechanism operates as follows: a second motor 701 drives a conveyor belt 702, which, under the action of a transmission shaft 706, synchronously drives both conveyor belts 702. This, in turn, causes the belt pressure plate 703 and the powder-spreading roller 400 to reciprocate along the length of the guide rail 700, thus spreading the powder from the powder-spreading area to the printing area. This invention's drive mechanism offers advantages such as simple structure, low implementation cost, and high drive efficiency.

[0053] In another embodiment of this utility model, the upper end of the belt pressure plate 703 is provided with a lifting platform 704, and the powder spreading roller 400 is connected and fixed to the lifting platform 704.

[0054] In this invention, the lifting platform 704 is a precision Z-axis manual lifting platform 704, model LZ80-2. The lifting platform 704 allows for adjustment of the height of the powder spreading roller 400 to adapt to various printing conditions.

[0055] In another embodiment of this utility model, one end of the powder spreading roller 400 is connected to the third motor 707 for transmission.

[0056] In this invention, the third motor 707 enables the powder spreading roller 400 to rotate during powder spreading, thereby improving powder spreading efficiency. A protective cover 705 is provided on the outside of the powder spreading roller 400 to enhance its protective function.

[0057] As an embodiment of this utility model, the powder spreading area is provided with a powder supply base plate 800, and a powder supply cylinder 801 with an open lower end is provided below the powder spreading area. The powder supply base plate 800 is located inside the powder supply cylinder 801, and its side wall is slidably connected to the inner wall of the powder supply cylinder 801. A first lifting unit is provided at the bottom of the powder supply base plate 800, and the first lifting unit drives the powder supply base plate 800 to move up and down along the inner wall of the powder supply cylinder 801.

[0058] In this invention, the first lifting unit is fixed to the frame 100. The size of the powder supply base plate 800 is adapted to the bottom opening of the powder supply cylinder 801, serving as both a feeding tool for the shaped powder material and a work surface for the powder spreading area. The shaped powder material is placed inside the powder supply cylinder 801, and under the action of the first lifting unit, the powder supply base plate 800 is driven to move upward to feed the shaped powder material.

[0059] As an embodiment of this utility model, the printing area is provided with a forming base plate 900, and a forming cylinder 901 with an open lower end is provided below the printing area. The forming base plate 900 is located inside the forming cylinder 901, and its side wall is slidably connected to the inner wall of the forming cylinder 901. A second lifting unit is provided at the bottom of the forming base plate 900. The second lifting unit drives the forming base plate 900 to move up and down along the inner wall of the forming cylinder 901.

[0060] In this invention, the second lifting unit is fixed to the frame 100. The size of the forming base plate 900 is adapted to the bottom opening of the forming cylinder 901, serving as the worktable of the printing area. After printing is completed, the second lifting unit drives the forming base plate 900 downward to output the printed product for subsequent product sintering. Preferably, the forming cylinder 901 is detachably connected to the frame 100 to facilitate subsequent sintering processing.

[0061] In this utility model, both the first lifting unit and the second lifting unit are drive structures composed of servo motors and ball screws, which are existing technologies. The specific connection structure and working principle of these units will not be described in detail here.

[0062] On the other hand, this utility model also provides a method for selective ultrasonic separation of powder in 3D printing, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0063] (1) Powder filling step: Pour the forming powder into the powder supply cylinder 801 and pour the isolation powder into the ultrasonic nozzle 300;

[0064] (2) Printing parameter control steps: Set the ultrasonic nozzle 300 printing speed (10s-30s per layer), printing path (circular, square and other shapes), slice layer height and other printing parameters in the upper computer slicing software;

[0065] (3) Printing steps: The forming powder is fed into the powder spreading area. The powder spreading roller 400 spreads the forming powder into the forming area. The ultrasonic nozzle 300 moves above the forming area and inserts the nozzle into the forming powder to start the 3D printing process, specifically:

[0066] The first lifting unit drives the single-slice layer height to rise, and the driving mechanism drives the powder spreading roller 400 to move along the Y-axis direction, spreading the forming powder on the powder base plate 800 onto the forming base plate, forming a thin layer of forming powder on the forming base plate. The three-axis driving mechanism drives the ultrasonic nozzle 300 to move to the printing position, inserts the ultrasonic nozzle 300 into the forming powder, and sprays the isolation powder onto the outer contour trajectory of the part according to the two-dimensional slice graphic of the three-dimensional model. After the isolation powder layer is sprayed, the forming base plate drops a certain height, which is the set slice layer height. This step is repeated until the complete model is printed in the forming area.

[0067] Specifically, the height of the ultrasonic nozzle 300 during a single print is 1 / N of the height of the printed mold, where N is greater than or equal to 2 and N is a positive integer.

[0068] (4) Post-processing sintering step: The forming cylinder 901 is moved to the sintering furnace for sintering. After sintering, the sintered part is taken out from the sintering furnace. The isolation powder remains loose, while the forming powder is sintered into a solid. Therefore, the isolation powder is removed to obtain the printed product. Since the sintering temperature of the isolation powder needs to be higher than that of the forming powder, the sintering temperature needs to be set in the range that allows the forming powder to sinter while the isolation powder remains loose.

[0069] The 3D printing method of this invention involves inserting an ultrasonic nozzle 300 into the forming powder and spraying isolation powder according to the slicing trajectory of the model until the model is formed. During the sintering stage, the sintering temperature of the isolation powder is set higher than that of the forming powder. Therefore, after the printed model is sintered, only the forming powder will solidify and form, while the isolation powder remains in powder form, which facilitates the post-processing of the isolation powder.

[0070] The 3D printing method using the 3D printing device of this invention has good adaptability in low / microgravity environments. For example, in the in-situ resource utilization of Xingrang additive manufacturing, the flowability of powder materials may be significantly affected in low / microgravity environments. Traditional extrusion or jetting processes rely on gravity or pressure to drive material transport, making stable operation difficult. However, in the 3D printing method using the 3D printing device of this invention, the nozzle is directly inserted into the powder pile, which ensures a closer contact between the powder and the nozzle, avoiding powder drift or dispersion. Therefore, it is not sensitive to changes in gravity and is more suitable for stable operation in low / microgravity environments.

[0071] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely one or more preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes for implementing the above embodiments and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of this application still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A powder ultrasonic selective separation 3D printing device, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of 3D printing machine, including: Rack, which is provided with a printing platform, the printing platform is provided with powder laying area and printing area; Ultrasonic nozzle, the rear side wall of the ultrasonic nozzle is provided with a notch, the ultrasonic nozzle is arranged above the printing platform, and is fixedly connected with the rack by three-axis drive mechanism, the three-axis drive mechanism drives the ultrasonic nozzle to move along X axis, Y axis and Z axis direction; Rotary drive mechanism, which is in transmission connection with the ultrasonic nozzle, is used to drive the rotary motion of the ultrasonic nozzle; Powder laying roller, which is horizontally arranged above the printing platform; Drive mechanism, which is fixedly connected with the rack, is in transmission connection with the powder laying roller at driving end, and is used to drive the powder laying roller to move back and forth in the powder laying area and the printing area.

2. The powder ultrasonic selective separation 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-axis drive mechanism includes X-axis drive unit, Y-axis drive unit and Z-axis drive unit, wherein the Y-axis drive unit is provided with two and is distributed on both sides of the printing platform, the driving end of two Y-axis drive units is connected by connecting frame, the X-axis drive unit is arranged on the connecting frame, the Z-axis drive unit is installed on the driving end of the X-axis drive unit, and the ultrasonic nozzle is fixedly connected with the driving end of the Z-axis drive unit.

3. The powder ultrasonic selective separation 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein, The upper end of the ultrasonic nozzle is provided with a ceramic sheet.

4. The powder ultrasonic selective separation 3D printing device according to claim 2, wherein, The rotary drive mechanism includes drive frame, first motor, gear shaft and gear disc, the drive frame is fixedly connected with the driving end of the Z-axis drive unit, the first motor is fixed on the drive frame, and the driving shaft is arranged downward; the gear shaft is coaxially fixed on the driving shaft of the first motor, the gear disc is rotatably installed on the drive frame, the outer gear is engaged with the gear shaft, the ultrasonic nozzle is coaxially fixed in the gear disc, the lower end penetrates the drive frame, and the upper end is externally threaded hose.

5. The powder ultrasonic selective separation 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein, The drive mechanism includes: Guide rail, which is provided with two; two guide rails are horizontally arranged on both sides of the printing platform and are fixedly connected with the rack; Second motor, which is fixed on the rack; Conveying belt, which is provided with two; two conveying belts are arranged correspondingly with two guide rails, the second motor is in transmission connection with one of the conveying belts, and two conveying belts are in transmission connection through transmission shaft; Belt pressing plate, which is provided with two; two belt pressing plates are arranged correspondingly with two guide rails and two conveying belts, and the belt pressing plate is in sliding connection with the guide rail and is fixedly connected with the conveying belt.

6. The powder ultrasonic selective separation 3D printing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper end of the belt pressing plate is provided with a lifting platform, and the powder laying roller is fixedly connected with the lifting platform.

7. The powder ultrasonic selective separation 3D printing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, One end of the powder laying roller is in transmission connection with the third motor.

8. The powder ultrasonic selective separation 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein, The powder laying area is provided with a powder supply base plate, the lower side of the powder laying area is provided with a powder supply cylinder with open lower end, the powder supply base plate is located in the powder supply cylinder, the side wall is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the powder supply cylinder, the bottom of the powder supply base plate is provided with a first lifting unit, and the first lifting unit drives the powder supply base plate to move up and down along the inner wall of the powder supply cylinder.

9. The powder ultrasonic selective separation 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein, The printing area is provided with a forming bottom plate, the lower part of the printing area is provided with a forming cylinder with an open lower end, the forming bottom plate is located in the forming cylinder and is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the forming cylinder, the bottom of the forming bottom plate is provided with a second lifting unit, and the second lifting unit drives the forming bottom plate to move up and down along the inner wall of the forming cylinder.

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