Dust reducing and hole sealing device suitable for blast holes with different hole diameters

Abstract

A dust reducing and hole sealing device suitable for blast holes with different hole diameters comprises a columnar air bag body and a pressing device communicated with the columnar air bag body through a connecting pipe, and the pressing device is arranged to be capable of filling the air bag body with gas or liquid. One end of the air bag body is communicated with the connecting pipe, and the other end of the air bag body is provided with a funnel-shaped energy gathering bottom which is recessed towards the interior of the air bag body. The air bag main body can be filled by pressing the pressing device, and the elasticity of the air bag can enable the air bag to be suitable for blast holes with different hole diameters and to be tightly attached to the blast holes. Meanwhile, the energy gathering bottom is arranged at the bottom, so that the explosion propagation and blasting effects of the explosive are enhanced. The surrounding rock stability and the blast hole depth are comprehensively considered, and the optimal length of the air bag body can be designed more accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel blasting technology, specifically a dust-reducing and sealing device suitable for blast holes of different diameters. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, when sealing blast holes during tunnel blasting, readily available materials such as soil and loose sand are typically used. This method offers significant economic benefits and improves the utilization rate of explosive energy. However, due to the high porosity of these materials, compaction is extremely difficult, and a tight seal is not always possible, often resulting in more energy leaking out after blasting than expected. Furthermore, the use of soil and sand as sealing materials leads to substantial environmental pollution and severe dust accumulation, significantly impacting poorly ventilated and deep tunnel faces, severely hindering construction progress. Moreover, in existing technologies, the length of the blast hole sealing is generally fixed, while the blast hole depth is not. If the sealing length does not match the hole depth, excessive energy leakage during blasting can negatively affect the blasting effect. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the technical problems in the aforementioned background technology, such as the difficulty in compacting the blast hole sealing material, the inability to achieve a tight seal, the significant environmental pollution and dust pollution caused by the blasting of the sealing material, and the mismatch between the blast hole sealing length and the blast hole depth, this utility model provides a dust-reducing sealing device suitable for blast holes of different diameters.

[0004] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A dust-reducing and sealing device suitable for boreholes of different diameters includes a cylindrical airbag body and a pressing device connected to it via a connecting pipe. The pressing device is configured to fill the airbag body with gas or liquid.

[0006] One end of the airbag body is connected to the connecting tube, and the other end is provided with a funnel-shaped, recessed energy-concentrating bottom.

[0007] The press-and-press device inflates the airbag, and its elasticity allows it to fit into boreholes of different diameters, ensuring a tight seal. Simultaneously, the shaped charge base enhances the explosive's propagation and blasting effect.

[0008] Furthermore, one end of the airbag body is provided with a connecting port, and the connecting tube is detachably connected to the connecting port; the airbag body is also provided with a protective cover that can seal the connecting port. After the airbag body is inflated, the connecting tube can be removed and the protective cover can be tied to close it, thereby sealing the connecting port and preventing gas or liquid from leaking out of the airbag body.

[0009] Specifically, the length of the airbag body satisfies the following formula:

[0010]

[0011] In the formula, L is the length of the airbag body, N is the amount of explosive, L0 is the depth of the borehole, L1 is the spacing between explosives, L2 is the length of the explosive, and k is a constant with a value ranging from 0.8 to 0.16.

[0012] To enhance the tightness and stability between the airbag body and the borehole, the sidewall of the airbag body is also provided with a clamping plate along its length that can abut against the borehole wall.

[0013] Specifically, one side of the bite plate is connected to the airbag body, and the other side is serrated, which increases the friction between the bite plate and the borehole wall and enhances the bite effect.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, a spring is also provided between the middle of the bite plate and the airbag body, which can not only provide a cushioning effect, but also prevent the bite plate from shifting before use, making it convenient to store.

[0015] To ensure the energy-concentrating effect of the energy-concentrating bottom, the radius of the end of the energy-concentrating bottom that is recessed into the airbag body is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the radius of the airbag body.

[0016] Preferably, the airbag body is made of nylon material with good elasticity and wear resistance.

[0017] Furthermore, the airbag body is filled with a dust-reducing agent through a pressing device, which can reduce dust in the air after the explosion and improve visibility.

[0018] Through the above design, the beneficial effects of this utility model on dust suppression and sealing devices applicable to boreholes of different diameters are as follows:

[0019] (1) The length of the airbag body can be calculated according to different hole depths and explosive sizes to obtain the optimal hole plugging length, thus avoiding the situation where the energy dissipation is too large due to insufficient hole plugging length.

[0020] (2) The retractable airbag body and the biting plate can effectively solve the problem of poor sealing of traditional potting mud.

[0021] (3) It can be adapted to different apertures. The elasticity of the airbag itself enables it to be adapted to different apertures of the blast hole and fit tightly with the blast hole.

[0022] (4) The airbag body is filled with dust suppressant, which can reduce the dust in the air after the explosion, improve visibility, and reduce pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0023] In the attached diagram:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the airbag body in the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing device in the embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the interlocking plate in the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the usage state of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 A comparison diagram of the vibration peak values ​​of traditional drilling mud and the present invention at a position 10m away from the working face after detonation, pointing X towards the detonation center;

[0029] Figure 6 A comparison diagram of the vibration peak values ​​in the Y-direction perpendicular to the blast center at a position 10m away from the working face after the explosion of traditional gunning clay and the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 A comparison diagram of the vibration peak values ​​in the Z-direction perpendicular to the ground at a position 10m away from the working face after blasting, between traditional drilling mud and the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 A comparison of visibility inside the tunnel 10 minutes after blasting between traditional blasting mud and the present invention.

[0032] The components represented by the various reference numerals in the diagram are:

[0033] 1. Pressing device; 2. Connecting pipe; 3. Connecting port; 4. Protective cover; 5. Condensing base; 6. Airbag body; 7. Engaging plate; 8. Explosive. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Example

[0035] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 This embodiment provides a dust-reducing and sealing device suitable for boreholes of different diameters, including a cylindrical airbag body 6 and a pressing device 1 connected to it via a connecting pipe 2. The pressing device 1 is configured to fill the airbag body 6 with gas or liquid. By pressing the pressing device 1, the airbag body 6 can be filled, and the elasticity of the airbag itself allows it to be adapted to boreholes of different diameters, fitting tightly to the borehole.

[0036] Preferably, the airbag body 6 is made of nylon material with good elasticity and wear resistance.

[0037] Furthermore, the airbag body 6 is filled with a dust suppressant through a pressing device 1, which can reduce dust in the air after the explosion and improve visibility.

[0038] See Figure 4 Specifically, the length of the airbag body 6 satisfies the following formula:

[0039]

[0040] In the formula, L is the length of the airbag body 6, N is the number of explosives 8, L0 is the depth of the borehole, L1 is the spacing between explosives 8, L2 is the length of explosives 8, and k is a constant with a value range of 0.8 to 0.16.

[0041] Specifically, the value of k depends on the stability of the surrounding rock. If the surrounding rock stability is poor, it is taken as 0.8 to 0.13; if the surrounding rock stability is good, it is taken as 0.13 to 0.16. By comprehensively considering the stability of the surrounding rock and the depth of the borehole, the optimal length of the airbag body 6 can be designed more accurately, solving the problem of insufficient borehole blockage length leading to large energy dissipation.

[0042] One end of the airbag body 6 is connected to the connecting tube 2.

[0043] Furthermore, one end of the airbag body 6 is provided with a connecting port 3, and the connecting tube 2 is detachably connected to the connecting port 3; the airbag body 6 is also provided with a protective cover 4 that can close the connecting port 3. After the airbag body 6 is inflated, the connecting tube 2 is pulled out and the protective cover 4 is tied to close it, which can close the connecting port 3 and prevent gas or liquid from leaking out of the airbag body 6.

[0044] For example, the protective cover 4 is a cylindrical structure with one end tightly connected to the airbag body and the other end open. The protective device is made of relatively soft aluminum material, and its opening diameter is at least twice the diameter of the connecting port 3. After it is closed and tied, it can completely cover the connecting port 3 to prevent gas or liquid from flowing out of the airbag body 6.

[0045] In this embodiment, the end of the airbag body 6 away from the connecting pipe 2 is provided with a funnel-shaped, recessed energy-concentrating bottom 5, which can enhance the detonation transmission and blasting effect of the explosive 8.

[0046] To ensure the energy-concentrating effect of the energy-concentrating base 5, the radius of one end of the energy-concentrating base 5 that is recessed into the airbag body 6 is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the radius of the airbag body 6.

[0047] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 To enhance the tightness and stability between the airbag body 6 and the borehole, the side wall of the airbag body 6 is also provided with a clamping plate 7 along its length direction, which can abut against the borehole wall.

[0048] Specifically, one side of the bite plate 7 is connected to the airbag body 6, and the other side is serrated, which increases the friction between the bite plate 7 and the borehole wall and enhances the bite effect.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, a spring is also provided between the middle of the bite plate 7 and the airbag body 6, which can not only provide a buffering effect, but also prevent the bite plate 7 from shifting before use, making it convenient to store.

[0050] For example, in order to further enhance the friction between the airbag body 6 and the borehole wall, the engagement plate 7 is provided with a plurality of plates along the length of the airbag body 6 and a plurality of groups along the circumference of the airbag body 6.

[0051] In specific use, this utility model is as follows:

[0052] Step 1: Determine the surrounding rock grade based on the project overview, and design the optimal plugging length of the blast hole based on the blast hole depth, i.e., the length of the airbag body 6.

[0053] Step 2: Place the airbag body 6 at the opening of the borehole that needs to be sealed;

[0054] Step 3: Fill the airbag body 6 with dust-reducing liquid using the pressing device 1;

[0055] The pressing device 1 is connected to the communication port 3 of the airbag body 6 through the connecting pipe 2. By pressing the pressing device 1, the dust-suppressing liquid enters the airbag body 6 through the connecting pipe 2.

[0056] When the airbag body 6 is completely in contact with the borehole wall, stop pressing the pressing device 1. At this time, the biting plate 7 is tightly connected to the borehole wall.

[0057] Step 4: Disconnect the connecting pipe 2 from the connecting port 3, and tie the protective cover 4 to prevent the dust-suppressing liquid inside the airbag body 6 from flowing out;

[0058] Step 5: Repeat steps 3 and 4 to seal all the blast holes that need to be sealed.

[0059] Step 6: Conduct blasting operations.

[0060] See Figures 5 to 8 A comparative analysis was conducted on blasting conditions using traditional stemming clay and a dust-suppressing sealing device (one of the aforementioned dust-suppressing sealing devices suitable for boreholes of different diameters).

[0061] (1) Vibration monitoring at a location 10m from the working face reveals the following:

[0062] Compared with traditional soil-based drilling mud, this dust-reducing and sealing device reduces the peak vibration values ​​in the X direction (direction to the blast center), Y direction (perpendicular to the blast center), and Z direction (perpendicular to the ground). Among these, the Z direction (perpendicular to the ground) shows the lowest amplitude, effectively reducing the impact on the surrounding environment.

[0063] (2) Measuring post-explosion visibility using an optical visibility meter reveals the following:

[0064] When this dust-reducing and sealing device is used, the visibility inside the tunnel is increased by 20% to 60% compared with traditional drilling mud 10 minutes after blasting, showing a significant improvement effect.

[0065] By tightly fitting the airbag body 6 against the borehole wall, it can absorb some energy and buffer pressure. This reduces the direct impact of explosive gases on the borehole wall and surrounding environment, minimizing damage to the tunnel structure. A dust-suppressing liquid containing a dust-suppressing agent is used as the main material. By reducing the surface tension of the liquid, it can better adhere to dust particles, preventing them from dispersing in the air. The dust-suppressing agent effectively reduces the diffusion of flying dust by reducing the suspension of dust particles and increasing their settling velocity.

[0066] The length of the airbag body 6 in this invention can be calculated based on different hole depths and explosive dimensions 8 to obtain the optimal borehole plugging length, avoiding excessive energy dissipation due to insufficient plugging length. The telescopic airbag body 6 and the interlocking plate 7 effectively solve the problem of poor sealing in traditional borehole sealing methods. Furthermore, the elasticity of the airbag itself allows it to be adapted to boreholes of different diameters, ensuring a tight fit. The airbag body 6 is filled with a dust suppressant, which reduces dust levels in the post-explosion air, improves visibility, and reduces pollution. Moreover, this invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate.

Claims

1. A dust fall hole sealing device suitable for different diameter blast holes, characterized in that, The air bag body (6) comprises a cylindrical air bag body (6) and a pressing device (1) communicated with the air bag body (6) through a connecting pipe (2), and the pressing device (1) is arranged to fill the air bag body (6) with gas or liquid; One end of the air bag body (6) is communicated with the connecting pipe (2), and the other end is provided with an energy-gathering bottom (5) in the shape of a funnel and recessed into the air bag body (6).

2. The dust fall hole sealing device suitable for different diameter blast holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the air bag body (6) is provided with a communicating port (3), and the connecting pipe (2) is detachably connected with the communicating port (3). The air bag body (6) is further provided with a protective cover (4) capable of closing the communicating port (3).

3. The dust fall hole sealing device suitable for different diameter blast holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the air bag body (6) satisfies the following formula: In the formula, L is the length of the air bag body (6), N is the amount of explosive (8), L0 is the depth of the blast hole, L1 is the distance between the explosives (8), L2 is the length of the explosive (8), k is a constant, and the value range is 0.8-0.

16.

4. The dust fall hole sealing device suitable for different diameter blast holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air bag body (6) is further provided with a bite plate (7) capable of abutting against the wall of the blast hole along the length direction of the air bag body (6).

5. The dust fall hole sealing device suitable for different diameter blast holes according to claim 4, characterized in that, One side of the bite plate (7) is connected with the air bag body (6), and the other side is in the shape of a sawtooth.

6. The dust fall hole sealing device suitable for different diameter boreholes according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air bag body (6) is further provided with a spring between the middle part of the bite plate (7) and the air bag body (6).

7. The dust fall hole sealing device suitable for different diameter boreholes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radius of the end of the energy-gathering bottom (5) recessed into the air bag body (6) is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the radius of the air bag body (6).

8. The dust fall hole sealing device suitable for different diameter blast holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air bag body (6) is filled with dust-settling agent through the pressing device (1).

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