Intake and exhaust system of V-shaped compact high-pressure-ratio diesel engine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a V-shaped compact high-pressure-ratio diesel engine air intake and exhaust system, which belongs to the technical field of diesel engine air intake and exhaust, and comprises an air intake structure, and the air intake structure comprises two groups of two-stage superchargers which are arranged in a left-right mirror symmetry manner and are communicated with an intercooler for air intake; the air inlet structure further comprises two air inlet communicating pipes which are arranged in a mirror image mode and correspond to the two sets of two-stage superchargers in a one-to-one mode, each air inlet communicating pipe is communicated with an air inlet manifold, the cross section of a flow channel of each air inlet manifold is designed in a flat type triangle mode, and the two air inlet manifolds are arranged in a mirror image mode and connected through an air inlet balance pipe. Exhaust structures in one-to-one correspondence with the two groups of two-stage superchargers are arranged on two sides of two intake manifolds of the intake structure in a mirroring manner, each group of exhaust structures comprises an exhaust pulse seat communicated with the corresponding two-stage supercharger, and the exhaust pulse seat is communicated with an exhaust manifold connected to an exhaust passage of the cylinder cover through an exhaust connecting pipe. The structure is more compact, the air channel is shorter, the trend is more reasonable, and the efficiency is higher.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to diesel engine intake and exhaust technology field, specifically relates to a kind of V type compact high pressure ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Diesel engine is the device that the chemical energy of fuel is converted into mechanical energy by burning fuel, and oxygen is indispensable for fuel combustion, and diesel engine is generally arranged in V type when used on automobile.Diesel engine sprays fuel into cylinder, and fuel is atomized and mixed with air, and rapid combustion occurs after compression temperature reaches fuel combustion temperature, to push piston to complete work.In general, diesel engine wants to output more power, and more fuel is burned to realize, and more air is consumed.Because of the characteristics of fuel, the theoretical air-fuel ratio of diesel is 14.3, that is, 14.3kg of air is needed for burning 1kg of diesel.To make diesel burn more fully, more air is filled in cylinder on the basis of theoretical air-fuel ratio, and the ratio of total amount of air participating in combustion to theoretical air amount is called excess air coefficient.In industry, in order to make diesel engine output higher power, intake pressure boosting is usually adopted, and more air enters cylinder by increasing intake pressure and increasing intake density, so that more fuel can be burned, and greater power can be output, and combustion efficiency can be improved, and starting performance can be improved.The ratio of air pressure in cylinder to ambient pressure before pressure boosting is called "pressure ratio", and the greater the design pressure ratio is, the higher the design requirement of diesel engine intake and exhaust system is.

[0003] In prior art, by designing special booster, the rotation speed of rotor of booster is increased, to increase intake flow and pressure ratio, and the diameter of diesel engine intake pipe is increased, and increasing the diameter of intake pipe changes diesel engine structure, and compresses the space of other parts, which is not conducive to overall arrangement. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] To solve the problem that increasing the diameter of intake pipe changes diesel engine structure and compresses the space of other parts in prior art, and is not conducive to overall arrangement, the utility model provides a kind of V type compact high pressure ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system, under the structure system of V type diesel engine, under the premise that diesel engine structure is not changed, by the structure design of each part of intake and exhaust system, the structure of complete machine is more compact, and the volume of diesel engine complete machine is reduced.

[0005] The technical scheme of the utility model V type compact high pressure ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system is as follows:

[0006] The application discloses a V-shaped compact high-pressure-ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system.

[0007] The two sides of the two intake manifolds of the intake structure are mirror-imaged and provided with exhaust structures corresponding to the two groups of two-stage superchargers, each of the exhaust structures comprises an exhaust pulse seat connected with the corresponding two-stage supercharger, and the exhaust pulse seat is connected with an exhaust manifold connected with a cylinder cover exhaust passage through an exhaust connecting pipe.

[0008] The further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model lies in that each group of two-stage superchargers comprises a low-pressure-stage supercharger, a high-pressure-stage supercharger connected with the low-pressure-stage supercharger through an inter-stage connecting pipe, the high-pressure-stage supercharger is connected with the intercooler through a supercharged gas outlet pipe, and the high-pressure-stage supercharger is further provided with a bleed valve controller connected with a bleed valve arranged at the turbine box inlet of the high-pressure-stage supercharger through a connecting rod.

[0009] The further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model lies in that the two intake manifolds are connected through rubber pipes, and a fixed plate supporting the two intake manifolds is arranged below the connecting position of the two intake manifolds.

[0010] The further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model lies in that the two intake manifolds, the intake balance pipe, the two intake connecting pipes, the rubber pipes and the fixed plate are arranged in a "mouth" shape and installed in the inner side of the V-shaped included angle of the diesel engine.

[0011] The further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model lies in that the top of each intake manifold is horizontally arranged, a gas cavity is arranged in the intake manifold, a gas outlet connected with a cylinder cover intake passage is formed in the bottom wall of the intake manifold, and the end of the intake manifold is a smooth guide structure.

[0012] The further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model lies in that the intercooler connected with the two-stage superchargers is arranged at the top of the diesel engine, and the intercooler adopts a parallel arrangement scheme with double intake and double exhaust.

[0013] The further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model lies in that the inner side of each exhaust manifold is connected with an exhaust pipe corresponding to the cylinder cover exhaust passage, and the position where the exhaust pipe is connected with the exhaust manifold is a smooth guide structure.

[0014] The further improvement in the technical scheme of the utility model lies in that: the exhaust connecting pipe is a bellows pipe connecting the exhaust manifold and the exhaust pulse seat, and the inner wall of the bellows pipe is provided with a gas guide lining connecting the exhaust manifold and the exhaust pulse seat.

[0015] The further improvement in the technical scheme of the utility model lies in that: each of the air intake communication pipes is provided with an air intake preheating device mounting hole for mounting the air intake preheating device.

[0016] Thanks to the above technical scheme, the technical progress achieved by the utility model includes:

[0017] The two sets of two-stage superchargers are symmetrically arranged, and the turbine and the impeller of the two sets of two-stage superchargers are reversely designed, so that the arrangement problem of the V-shaped compact diesel engine in the limited space is solved; meanwhile, the two sets of two-stage superchargers, the two air intake communication pipes, the two air intake manifolds and the two exhaust manifolds are symmetrically and circularly arranged, so that the structure of the utility model is more compact, the air passage is shorter, the layout is more reasonable and the efficiency is higher.

[0018] Meanwhile, the two air intake manifolds, the air intake balance pipe, the two air intake communication pipes, the rubber pipe and the fixing plate are arranged in the inner side of the V-shaped angle of the diesel engine, and a double air inlet design is adopted, so that the air intake efficiency of the diesel engine can be improved; under the arrangement of the double air inlets, the two air intake manifolds, the air intake balance pipe, the two air intake communication pipes, the rubber pipe and the fixing plate adopt a double balance pipe scheme, i.e. a double balance scheme at the head and tail of the air intake communication pipe and the air intake balance pipe, and are arranged in a "□" shape; in the working of the diesel engine, compared with the case that only one end is balanced, the air intake efficiency of the unbalanced end is reduced, and the pumping loss is increased; the utility model reduces the influence of "air stealing" of each cylinder on the single exhaust air duct under the high speed working condition, makes the air intake of each cylinder more uniform, improves the efficiency of the supercharged air into the cylinder and reduces the pumping loss of the diesel engine.

[0019] The air intake preheating device mounting hole arranged on the air intake communication pipe can mount the air intake preheating device, i.e. a warming interface is additionally arranged at the air inlet of the diesel engine; the cold air entering the diesel engine under the low temperature condition is warmed by the air intake preheating device and then enters each cylinder, so that the air intake of each cylinder is warmed, which is more beneficial to the low temperature starting; the two air intake communication pipes are connected through the rubber pipe and are connected together through the fixing plate, so that the two air intake communication pipes form a frame type, when the air intake communication pipe is downwardly pressed by the installation of the intercooler, common force bearing is realized, and the overall connection strength is improved.

[0020] The air intake manifold adopts a flat triangular cross-section flow channel design, the top is horizontal, the height of the diesel engine is reduced, and the air passage length into the cylinder of the diesel engine is reduced; the end of the air intake manifold is designed as a guide structure, so that the air intake efficiency of the end cylinder is improved.

[0021] The intercooler is directly arranged at the top of the diesel engine, and the intercooler adopts a double-inlet and double-outlet parallel arrangement scheme, so that the resistance of pipelines before and after intercooling can be reduced.

[0022] The exhaust manifold adopts an inward bending structure, so that the width size of the diesel engine complete machine is better controlled, and the compactness of the complete machine is improved; meanwhile, the position where the exhaust pipe and the exhaust manifold are connected is a smooth flow guide structure, so that the utilization rate of exhaust energy of a single cylinder can be improved.

[0023] The exhaust connecting pipe is used for connecting the exhaust manifold and the exhaust pulse seat, and the exhaust connecting pipe adopts a double-layer bellows pipe structure with a gas guide lining inside, wherein the bellows pipe structure can eliminate the installation stress of the exhaust connecting pipe caused by the manufacturing tolerance of the exhaust manifold and the exhaust pulse seat within a certain size range; the gas guide lining can eliminate the flow resistance of the high-speed airflow to the inner wall of the bellows of the exhaust connecting pipe, improve the exhaust efficiency, and meanwhile, the lining pipe isolates the direct scouring of the pulse type high-temperature exhaust gas to the bellows, so that the reliability and service life of the bellows pipe are improved.

[0024] The exhaust pulse seat is adapted to the structure of the symmetrical arrangement of the two-stage supercharger, the two exhaust pulse seats have the same design structure and size, and the difference between the two groups of two-stage superchargers can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a structure schematic view of a V-shaped compact high-pressure-ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 is a front view of a V-shaped compact high-pressure-ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 is an interface view of a V-shaped compact high-pressure-ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 is a work flow chart of a V-shaped compact high-pressure-ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 is a sectional view schematic view of a V-shaped compact high-pressure-ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system intake manifold of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 is a sectional view schematic view of a V-shaped compact high-pressure-ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system exhaust manifold of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 7 is a bellows pipe structure schematic view of a V-shaped compact high-pressure-ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system of the utility model.

[0032] In the attached diagram: 1. Two-stage supercharger; 11. Low-pressure stage supercharger; 12. Interstage connecting pipe; 13. High-pressure stage supercharger; 14. Supercharged exhaust pipe; 15. Exhaust valve controller; 16. Supercharged inlet pipe;

[0033] 2. Intake connecting pipe; 21. Intake preheating device mounting port; 22. Rubber hose; 23. Fixing plate;

[0034] 3. Intake manifold; 31. Air chamber; 32. Air outlet; 33. Mounting rod; 34. Mounting hole;

[0035] 4. Intake balance pipe;

[0036] 5. Exhaust pulse mount;

[0037] 6. Exhaust connection pipe; 61. Corrugated pipe; 62. Air guide liner;

[0038] 7. Exhaust manifold; 71. Exhaust pipe;

[0039] 8. Intercooler; 81. Intercooler inlet; 82. Intercooler outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. In the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of this utility model.

[0041] This utility model includes an intake structure that is connected to the intake manifold of a V-type diesel engine cylinder head to provide air to the diesel engine, and an exhaust structure that is connected to the exhaust manifold of a V-type diesel engine cylinder head.

[0042] The air intake structure in this utility model is specifically designed with reference to... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As can be seen, the intake structure includes two sets of two-stage turbochargers 1 arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides and connected to the intercooler 8 for air intake. Each set of two-stage turbochargers 1 includes a low-pressure stage turbocharger 11, which is connected to the high-pressure stage turbocharger 13 through an interstage connecting pipe 12. The high-pressure stage turbocharger 13 is connected to the intercooler intake port 81 through a pressurized exhaust pipe 14. The high-pressure stage turbocharger 13 is also equipped with a wastegate controller 15, which is connected to a wastegate valve located at the turbine housing inlet of the high-pressure stage turbocharger 13 via a connecting rod. In order to connect with the two sets of two-stage turbochargers 1, the intercooler 8 in this invention adopts a dual-intake, dual-exhaust technical solution.

[0043] Continue to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 andFigure 3 It can be known that the two intercooler gas outlets 82 of the intercooler 8 are communicated with the two intake communication pipes 2, and the two intake communication pipes 2 are arranged in mirror image symmetry on the side far away from the two-stage supercharger 1, each intake communication pipe 2 is communicated with an intake manifold 3 on the side facing the corresponding two-stage supercharger 1, and the intake manifold 3 is arranged on the side of the two-stage supercharger 1. Figure 5 It can be known that the flow passage section of each intake manifold 3 adopts a flat triangular design, the top of each intake manifold 3 is horizontally arranged, the intake manifold 3 is internally provided with an air cavity 31, the bottom wall of the intake manifold 3 is provided with an outlet 32 communicated with the cylinder head intake port, the end of the intake manifold 3 is a smooth guide structure, the top corner of the intake manifold 3 is provided with a mounting rod 33 extending to the bottom wall of the intake manifold 3 and penetrating through the air cavity 31, and the mounting rod 33 is internally provided with a mounting hole 34, so that the bolt passes through the mounting hole 34, thereby facilitating the pre-assembly of the intake manifold 3 and the cylinder head intake port.

[0044] Meanwhile, the opposite sides of the two intake communication pipes 2 are connected through the rubber pipe 22, and the fixed plate 23 supporting the two intake manifolds 3 is arranged below the connection position of the two intake communication pipes 2, the fixed plate 23 can be arranged in an "L" shape or a "concave" shape, which facilitates the upward lifting of the two intake communication pipes 2, and when the upper mounted intercooler 8 has a downward pressure on the intake communication pipe 2, the common force bearing is realized, and the overall connection strength is improved.

[0045] It can be known that the two intake manifolds 3 are arranged in mirror image and communicated through the intake balance pipe 4, and the two intake manifolds 3 are connected through the intake balance pipe 4 at the end close to the corresponding two-stage supercharger 1. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be known that the two intake manifolds 3 are arranged in mirror image and communicated through the intake balance pipe 4, and the two intake manifolds 3 are connected through the intake balance pipe 4 at the end close to the corresponding two-stage supercharger 1. In the utility model, the two intake manifolds 3, the intake balance pipe 4, the two intake communication pipes 2, the rubber pipe 22 and the fixed plate 23 adopt a double balance pipe scheme under the arrangement of double intake, that is, a double balance scheme of the first and last ends of the intake communication pipe 2 and the intake balance pipe 4, are arranged in a "□" shape and are installed in the inner side of the V-shaped angle of the diesel engine.

[0046] It can be known that the two intake manifolds 3 are arranged in mirror image and communicated through the intake balance pipe 4, and the two intake manifolds 3 are connected through the intake balance pipe 4 at the end close to the corresponding two-stage supercharger 1. Figure 1 and Figure 3Each intake connecting pipe 2 is provided with an intake preheating device mounting port 21. This intake preheating device mounting port 21 can be used to install an intake preheating device, that is, to add a heating interface to the intake inlet of the diesel engine. Under low temperature conditions, the cold air entering the diesel engine is heated by the intake preheating device before entering each cylinder, so that the intake air of each cylinder is heated, which is more conducive to low temperature starting.

[0047] The exhaust structure of this utility model includes an exhaust manifold 7 connected to the exhaust passage of the V-shaped cylinder head. Two exhaust manifolds 7 are provided, and the two exhaust manifolds 7 are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the two intake manifolds 3. Each intake manifold 3 is also connected to the exhaust pulse seat 5 of the corresponding high-pressure stage turbocharger 13 in the two-stage turbocharger 1 via an exhaust connecting pipe 6. (Reference) Figure 1 It can be seen that the exhaust pulse seat 5 of this utility model is adapted to the symmetrical arrangement of the two-stage turbocharger 1. The two exhaust pulse seats 5 have the same design structure and size, which can reduce the difference between the two sets of two-stage turbochargers 1. At the same time, the exhaust pulse seat 5 and the corresponding exhaust connecting pipe 6 adopt a three-point fixed flange connection, and by designing the flange angle, the installation space requirements on the V-type diesel engine can be met.

[0048] refer to Figure 6 It can be seen that the inner side of each exhaust manifold 7 is connected to multiple exhaust pipes 71 that correspond one-to-one with the cylinder head exhaust passage, and the position where each exhaust pipe 71 is connected to the exhaust manifold 7 is a smooth flow guide structure.

[0049] refer to Figure 7 It is understood that the exhaust connection pipe of this utility model adopts a double-layer corrugated pipe 61 structure with an internal air guide liner 62. The corrugated pipe 61 structure can eliminate the installation stress caused by the manufacturing tolerance of the exhaust manifold 7 and the exhaust pulse seat 5 within a certain size range. The air guide liner 62 can eliminate the flow resistance of the corrugated inner wall of the exhaust connection pipe 6 to the high-speed airflow, improve the exhaust efficiency, and at the same time, the liner pipe isolates the direct scouring of the corrugated pipe by the pulsed high-temperature exhaust, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the corrugated pipe 61.

[0050] The working principle of the intake and exhaust system of the V-type compact high-pressure ratio diesel engine in this embodiment is as follows: (Refer to...) Figure 4 As can be seen, when this utility model is used, the external air is pressurized by the low-pressure turbocharger and the high-pressure stage turbocharger 13 in sequence and then enters the intercooler 8. The air discharged from the intercooler 8 enters the intake manifold of the diesel engine cylinder head and the combustion chamber of the diesel engine cylinder in sequence through the intake connecting pipe 2, the intake manifold 3 and the intake balance pipe 4. The exhaust gas after the diesel engine combustion is discharged into the exhaust manifold 7 through the exhaust manifold of the diesel engine cylinder head. The exhaust gas in the exhaust manifold 7 enters the turbine box or wastegate of the high-pressure stage turbocharger 13 of the two-stage turbocharger 1 in sequence through the exhaust connecting pipe 6 and the exhaust pulse seat 5.

[0051] In the above embodiment, the utility model provides a kind of V type compact high pressure ratio diesel engine admission and exhaust system, two groups of two-stage superchargers in the utility model are symmetrically arranged, and the turbine and impeller of two groups of two-stage superchargers are reversely designed, solve the arrangement problem of V type compact diesel engine in limited space;Meanwhile, two groups of two-stage superchargers, two intake communication pipes, two intake manifolds and two exhaust manifolds in the utility model are symmetrically arranged in cycle, so that the structure of the utility model is more compact, the air passage is shorter, more reasonable, and more efficient.

[0052] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and do not limit the concept and scope of the present utility model. Without departing from the design concept of the present utility model, various modifications and improvements to the technical solution of the present utility model made by those skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model, and the technical content claimed by the present utility model has been fully recorded in the claims.

Claims

1. A V-type compact high pressure ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system characterized by: The intake structure comprises two groups of two-stage superchargers (1) arranged in mirror symmetry and connected with the intercooler (8) for intake air, and two intake communication pipes (2) arranged in mirror symmetry and corresponding to the two groups of two-stage superchargers (1), each of which is connected with an intake manifold (3), the flow passage section of the intake manifold (3) adopts a flat triangular design, and the two intake manifolds (3) are arranged in mirror symmetry and connected through an intake balance pipe (4); The two sides of the two intake manifolds (3) of the intake structure are provided with exhaust structures corresponding to the two groups of two-stage superchargers (1) in mirror symmetry, each of which comprises an exhaust pulse seat (5) connected with the corresponding two-stage supercharger (1), and the exhaust pulse seat (5) is connected with an exhaust manifold (7) connected with the cylinder head exhaust passage through an exhaust connecting pipe (6).

2. A V-type compact high-pressure-ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the two-stage superchargers (1) comprises a low-pressure stage supercharger (11), a high-pressure stage supercharger (13) connected with the low-pressure stage supercharger (11) through an inter-stage connecting pipe (12), the high-pressure stage supercharger (13) is connected with the intercooler (8) through a supercharged air outlet pipe (14), and the high-pressure stage supercharger (13) is further provided with a bleed valve controller (15) connected with a bleed valve arranged at the turbine box inlet of the high-pressure stage supercharger (13) through a connecting rod.

3. A V-type compact high-pressure-ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two intake manifolds (3) are connected through a rubber pipe (22), and a fixed plate (23) supporting the two intake manifolds (3) is arranged below the position where the two intake manifolds (3) are connected.

4. A V-type compact high compression ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two intake manifolds (3), the intake balance pipe (4), the two intake communication pipes (2), the rubber pipe (22) and the fixed plate (23) are arranged in a "mouth" shape and installed inside the V-shaped angle of the diesel engine.

5. A V-type compact high compression ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of each intake manifold (3) is arranged horizontally, the intake manifold (3) is provided with an air cavity (31) inside, the bottom wall of the intake manifold (3) is provided with an air outlet (32) connected with the cylinder head intake passage, and the end of the intake manifold (3) is a smooth guide structure.

6. A V-type compact high compression ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intercooler (8) connected with the two-stage supercharger (1) is arranged at the top of the diesel engine, and the intercooler (8) adopts a parallel arrangement scheme with double intake and double exhaust.

7. The V-type compact high pressure ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system of claim 1, wherein: The inner side of each exhaust manifold (7) is connected with an exhaust pipe (71) corresponding to the cylinder head exhaust passage, and the position where the exhaust pipe (71) is connected with the exhaust manifold (7) is a smooth guide structure.

8. The V-type compact high pressure ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system of claim 1, wherein: The exhaust connecting pipe (6) is a corrugated pipe (61) connecting the exhaust manifold (7) and the exhaust pulse seat (5), and the inner wall of the corrugated pipe (61) is provided with a gas guide lining (62) connecting the exhaust manifold (7) and the exhaust pulse seat (5).

9. A V-type compact high compression ratio diesel engine intake and exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An intake preheating device mounting port (21) for mounting an intake preheating device is arranged on each intake communication pipe (2).

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