Trowelling machine head

Abstract

The utility model discloses a trowelling machine head, which relates to the technical field of shield segment production and comprises a trowelling plate, an adapter and an elastic mechanism for elastically arranging the trowelling plate on the adapter, the elastic mechanism comprises a connecting rod, the two ends of the connecting rod are installed on the adapting piece and the trowelling plate respectively, the connecting rod is movably installed on the adapting piece, and an elastic piece is arranged between the trowelling plate and the adapting piece, so that when the connecting rod moves towards the adapting piece, the elastic piece enables the trowelling plate to have the moving tendency of moving away from the adapting piece. The troweling machine head enables the troweling plate to move close to or away from the adapting piece through the elastic mechanism, the adaptability of troweling work is improved through the design, the contact strength between the troweling machine head and a concrete surface layer can be adjusted in a self-adaptive mode, the consistency and stability of the troweling effect are guaranteed, and the whole troweling machine head is compact in structure and convenient to use. The shield segment trowelling machine has comprehensive functions and is suitable for shield segment trowelling operation in various complex environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of shield tunnel segment production technology, specifically to a smoothing machine head. Background Technology

[0002] On the automated production line for tunnel boring machine (TBM) segments, the "surface finishing" process plays a crucial role. Following the pouring of concrete into the segment molds, it requires workers to meticulously smooth the concrete surface using specific tools (such as trowels). This step is complex because the TBM segments themselves have a certain curvature, making it difficult for workers to precisely control the force applied to the concrete surface when using conventional tools. Excessive force can damage the concrete surface due to tool movement, forcing workers to repeatedly perform the smoothing operation, which undoubtedly reduces overall production efficiency. Conversely, insufficient force will prevent the tool from effectively smoothing the concrete surface, resulting in a rough finish and ultimately affecting the quality assessment of the TBM segments. Therefore, workers face significant challenges in surface finishing and inconsistent quality standards in practice.

[0003] To address this challenge, the industry has explored various approaches. For example, patent CN220719700U discloses a finishing mechanism specifically designed for tunnel segment production. The core component of this mechanism includes a scraper frame with supporting rollers at its bottom for flexible sliding displacement. Along its width, a swing plate, a finishing plate, and a finishing plate are arranged sequentially on the scraper frame, forming a complete finishing process. Furthermore, a finishing motor is fixedly mounted on the scraper frame, its output shaft connected to the swing plate via an eccentric connection assembly. The finishing plate and finishing plate are securely mounted on the scraper frame.

[0004] However, despite the advancements in automation, this finishing mechanism still faces limitations in practical applications. It primarily relies on a finishing motor to drive a swaying plate in an elliptical trajectory, which then smooths and evens the outer curved surface of the concrete using both the swaying plate and the finishing board. Finally, a finishing plate completes the smoothing process. However, this smoothing method has a significant drawback: the contact position between the finishing board and the concrete surface remains fixed. This means that regardless of the type of concrete surface, the contact force applied by the finishing board remains constant, making adaptive adjustments impossible. This lack of flexibility limits the performance of the finishing mechanism when handling different types of concrete surfaces, affecting the final finishing effect and the quality of the finished product.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a smoothing machine head to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to solve the problems in the prior art by proposing a smoothing head. The smoothing head can change the pressure of the smoothing plate on the concrete surface through the setting of the elastic mechanism. It can be adapted and adjusted according to factors such as the type or dilution degree of concrete. Moreover, due to the flexible pressure of the elastic mechanism, the pressure of the smoothing plate on the concrete surface can be gradually increased without causing sudden impact to the concrete surface.

[0007] To solve the above problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A smoothing machine head includes a smoothing plate, an adapter, and an elastic mechanism for elastically mounting the smoothing plate on the adapter, so that the smoothing plate can move toward or away from the adapter; the elastic mechanism includes a connecting rod with its two ends respectively mounted on the adapter and the smoothing plate, and the connecting rod is movably mounted on the adapter; an elastic element is provided between the smoothing plate and the adapter, so that when the connecting rod moves toward the adapter, the elastic element causes the smoothing plate to have a tendency to move away from the adapter.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the connecting rod is configured as a threaded rod, one end of which is fixedly installed on the trowel plate, and the other end passes through the adapter, and a nut is fitted on the other end, with the nut pressing against the adapter.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the elastic element is a return spring and is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod, and the two ends of the return spring are fixedly connected to the adapter and the smoothing plate, respectively.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the adapter includes an adapter plate for mounting one end of the connecting rod, two sets of parallel vertical plates are fixedly arranged on the adapter plate, and a flange is fixedly arranged on the vertical plates.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the adapter includes a support, on which a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged, and the rotating shaft is arranged parallel to the smoothing plate. An assembly plate for mounting one end of the connecting rod is fixedly provided at the end of the rotating shaft.

[0013] As a further embodiment of this utility model: a guide rod for a movable through-connector is fixedly provided on the smearing plate, and the guide rod is arranged parallel to the connecting rod.

[0014] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the smoothing machine head also includes a baffle plate disposed around the smoothing plate, so that the smoothing plate and the baffle plate together form a box-type structure.

[0015] As a further embodiment of this utility model: a vibration motor is fixedly installed on the smearing plate, and the vibration motor is located inside the box structure.

[0016] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the vibration motor is located at the end of the box-type structure.

[0017] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the enclosure panel is provided with several reinforcing ribs.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The elastic mechanism allows the screed plate to move closer to or further away from the adapter. This design not only improves the adaptability of screeding work, but also adaptively adjusts the contact force with the concrete surface, ensuring the consistency and stability of the screeding effect. In addition, the entire screed head has a compact structure and comprehensive functions, making it suitable for shield tunnel segment screeding operations in various complex environments.

[0020] 2. The elastic mechanism can apply a resisting force to the trowel. Because it is elastic pressure, the resisting force of the trowel on the concrete surface can gradually increase, and it will not cause a sudden impact on the concrete surface due to excessive downward movement.

[0021] 3. The elastic element adopts a return spring and is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod, which ensures that the smearing plate can be gradually stressed and can quickly return to the initial position by relying on the elastic action of the return spring, thus improving the continuity and efficiency of the smearing work. At the same time, the cooperation between the return spring and the connecting rod also enhances the stability and durability of the structure.

[0022] 4. The connecting rod is set as a threaded rod and passes through the adapter. It is fixed by a nut. This installation method not only makes it easy to adjust the distance between the trowel and the adapter, but also makes it easy to adjust and replace, thus improving the maintainability and flexibility of the equipment.

[0023] 5. The structure of the first type of adapter, through the fixed installation of the adapter plate, vertical plate and flange, provides stable and reliable support for the installation of the connecting rod. At the same time, this layout also facilitates the connection and cooperation with other components.

[0024] 6. The second type of adapter structure, through the cooperation of the support and the rotating shaft, provides another option for the installation of the smoothing machine head, expanding the application range of the equipment;

[0025] 7. The guide rod is arranged parallel to the connecting rod, providing additional guidance and support for the movement of the squeegee, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the squeegee work;

[0026] 8. The installation of the baffle plate, together with the squeegee, forms a box-type structure. This design not only improves the overall rigidity and stability of the equipment, but also effectively prevents materials from splashing and scattering during the squeegeeing process.

[0027] 9. The vibratory motor is located inside the box structure. It improves the smoothing effect and speeds up the work through vibration. At the same time, the box structure can also effectively reduce the impact of vibration on other parts of the equipment.

[0028] 10. The vibratory motor is located at the end of the box structure. This layout not only optimizes the transmission path of the vibration force and improves the smoothing effect, but also reduces the impact and damage of vibration on the overall structure of the equipment.

[0029] 11. The fence panel is equipped with reinforcing ribs inside. This design not only improves the strength and rigidity of the fence panel, but also effectively prevents deformation and damage caused by long-term use, thus extending the service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first type of smoothing machine head in Embodiment 1 of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first type of smoothing machine head in Embodiment 1 of this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first type of smoothing machine head in Embodiment 1 of this utility model. Figure 3 ;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second type of smoothing head in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first type of track assembly in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second type of track assembly in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a local structure in the image;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of embodiment three of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of embodiment three of this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a local structure.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Slab plate; 2. Adapter; 201. Adapter plate; 202. Vertical plate; 203. Flange; 204. Support; 205. Rotating shaft; 206. Assembly plate; 3. Connecting rod; 4. Elastic component; 5. Guide rod; 6. Enclosure plate; 7. Vibration motor; 8. Reinforcing rib plate; 9. Track assembly; 901. Ground linear track; 902. Crossbeam; 903. Longitudinal beam; 10. Robotic arm; 11. Support beam; 12. Connecting beam; 13. Seat; 14. Load beam; 15. Drive motor; 16. Reducer; a. Segment mold. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0043] Example 1:

[0044] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a trowel head includes a trowel plate 1 and an adapter 2. The trowel plate 1 and the adapter 2 are connected by an elastic mechanism. The elastic mechanism allows the trowel plate 1 to be elastically mounted on the adapter 2, meaning the trowel plate 1 can move towards or away from the adapter 2. When using the trowel head of this application to trowel a segment mold a, the trowel head is first positioned above the head of the segment mold a. The trowel head is then gradually lowered until the trowel plate 1 at the bottom of the trowel head contacts the concrete surface of the segment mold a. Then, based on factors such as the type or dilution of the concrete, it is determined whether the trowel head should continue to move downwards. If it is determined that the smoothing head needs to be moved downwards, since the smoothing plate 1 is already in contact with the concrete surface, the downward movement of the smoothing head can rely on the elastic mechanism to apply a pressure to the smoothing plate 1. This pressure can increase the contact force between the smoothing plate 1 and the concrete surface. In the subsequent process of driving the smoothing head to move along the length of the segment mold a until the smoothing plate 1 moves to the tail of the segment mold a, the concrete surface is always subjected to the contact force of the smoothing plate 1, resulting in a better smoothing effect and strong adaptability.

[0045] The elastic mechanism described above applies a resistive force to the trowel plate 1. Because it applies elastic pressure, the resistive force between the trowel plate 1 and the concrete surface gradually increases, preventing a sudden, large-scale impact on the concrete surface due to excessive downward movement. Specifically, the elastic mechanism includes a connecting rod 3 with its two ends mounted on the adapter 2 and the trowel plate 1, respectively. The connecting rod 3 is movably mounted on the adapter 2. Specifically, the adapter 2 has a hole through which the connecting rod 3 passes. One end of the connecting rod 3 passes through the hole and is mounted on the adapter 2, allowing for a movable connection between the trowel plate 1 and the adapter 2. An elastic element 4 is provided between the trowel plate 1 and the adapter 2. When the connecting rod 3 moves towards the adapter 2, the elastic element 4 is compressed, causing the trowel plate 1 to tend to move away from the adapter 2. Preferably, the elastic element 4 is a return spring sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod 3, with both ends fixedly connected to the adapter 2 and the trowel plate 1, respectively.

[0046] When the trowel 1 comes into contact with the concrete surface and it is determined that the trowel head needs to continue moving downward, the return spring will be compressed during the downward movement of the trowel head. The return spring will apply a downward elastic force to the trowel 1. This elastic force can drive the trowel 1 to come into closer contact with the concrete surface, that is, increase the resistance force of the trowel 1 to the concrete surface.

[0047] To achieve an adjustable initial position between the trowel plate 1 and the adapter 2, this application sets the connecting rod 3 as a threaded rod. One end of the threaded rod passes through a hole in the adapter 2, and a nut is threaded onto the threaded rod. Under the action of the elastic element 4 driving the adapter 2 and the trowel plate 1 to move away from each other, the nut and the adapter 2 are in a state of pressure. Subsequently, simply rotating the nut can increase or decrease the length of the threaded rod between the adapter 2 and the trowel plate 1, that is, to achieve the adjustment of the distance between the trowel plate 1 and the adapter 2. Under this different distance adjustment, the elastic element 4 will exhibit different degrees of compression, and thus the initial state of the trowel plate 1 will also be different. Different initial states can be adapted to different types of concrete surfaces to achieve corresponding smoothing work.

[0048] Based on the connection between the adapter 2 and the squeegee 1 by setting the connecting rod 3, in order to prevent the squeegee 1 from deviating when moving closer to or away from the adapter 2, this application fixes a guide rod 5 that moves through the adapter 2 on the squeegee 1.

[0049] To ensure the smoothing of the machine head and its adaptability to different working environments, the adapter 2 has different forms, specifically the following two:

[0050] (1) For example Figures 1-3As shown, the adapter 2 includes a support 204, on which a rotating shaft 205 is rotatably mounted, and the rotating shaft 205 is arranged parallel to the smoothing plate 1. An assembly plate 206 for mounting one end of the connecting rod 3 is fixedly mounted at the end of the rotating shaft 205. Preferably, the assembly plate 206 is L-shaped. In this structural configuration, the guide rod 5 is arranged parallel to the connecting rod 3.

[0051] (2) For example Figure 4 As shown, the adapter 2 includes an adapter plate 201 for mounting one end of the connecting rod 3. Two sets of parallel vertical plates 202 are fixedly installed on the adapter plate 201, and flanges 203 are fixedly installed on the vertical plates 202.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, in order to ensure that the trowel 1 can effectively compact the concrete surface during its movement along the segment mold a, this application has a vibration motor 7 fixedly installed on the trowel 1. Thus, during the movement of the trowel 1, the vibration motor 7 drives the trowel 1 to vibrate, thereby achieving the compaction treatment of the concrete surface.

[0053] To prevent the slurry plate 1 from becoming contaminated with excessive mud during its movement along the segment mold a, which could affect the normal operation of components such as the connecting rod 3 and the vibrating motor 7, this application also includes a surrounding baffle 6 around the slurry plate 1, so that the slurry plate 1 and the surrounding baffle 6 together form a box-type structure. The surrounding baffle 6 has several reinforcing ribs 8 inside, making the box-type structure more robust. The connecting rod 3 and the vibrating motor 7 are both located inside the box-type structure and are covered by protective plates. This type of box-type structure can protect the corresponding components and ensure that they have a longer service life.

[0054] Example 2:

[0055] like Figures 5-7 As shown, a smoothing device for tunnel lining segments includes a robotic arm 10 and a track assembly 9 for mounting and moving the robotic arm 10. The end effector of the robotic arm 10 is equipped with a smoothing head. During use, the robotic arm 10 can automatically adjust the position of the smoothing head relative to the segment mold a until the smoothing head is adjusted to the corresponding working position. This adjustment process is quick and simple. Subsequently, the robotic arm 10 can move using the track assembly 9, allowing the smoothing head to complete the entire smoothing work. Compared to the existing manual smoothing methods, the smoothing method in this application is highly efficient and accurate, automating the smoothing work without human intervention.

[0056] Meanwhile, through the structural design of the smoothing head in Embodiment 1, during the smoothing process using the robotic arm 10, the smoothing plate 1 on the smoothing head is subjected to the elastic action of the reset spring, which gradually increases the force on the concrete surface, resulting in a better smoothing effect.

[0057] Specifically, for different types of segment molds a, the track assembly 9 in this application is configured with two structures for selection:

[0058] (1) For example Figure 5 As shown, when the robotic arm 10 needs to be placed on the ground to walk and work, the track assembly 9 can be set to include a ground linear track 901. The robotic arm 10 is slidably mounted on the ground linear track 901, and the ground linear track 901 is provided with a drive source for driving the robotic arm 10 to move. The drive source is a conventional drive component in the prior art.

[0059] (2) For example Figure 6 As shown, when the robotic arm 10 needs to be suspended in the air for work, the track assembly 9 can be configured including a crossbeam 902 and a longitudinal beam 903 located on the same horizontal plane, with the crossbeam 902 and longitudinal beam 903 arranged vertically. The crossbeam 902 can move on the longitudinal beam 903, and the robotic arm 10 is slidably mounted on the crossbeam 902. The crossbeam 902 is equipped with a drive source for moving the robotic arm 10, enabling the robotic arm 10 to perform two-dimensional motion. Simultaneously, the robotic arm 10 can drive the smoothing head to perform vertical up-and-down motion, achieving three-dimensional motion of the smoothing head, thus accurately completing the smoothing work. Similarly, the drive source in this structure is a conventional drive component in the prior art, which will not be elaborated upon here to avoid unnecessary complexity.

[0060] Based on the robotic arm 10 in this application, in order to better adapt the smoothing head to the end effector on the robotic arm 10, the smoothing head structure with flange 203 in Embodiment 1 is selected. Subsequently, it is only necessary to connect the flange 203 on the smoothing head to the end effector on the robotic arm 10 for use.

[0061] Example 3:

[0062] like Figures 8-10 As shown, a smoothing device for tunnel lining segments includes a three-dimensional motion mechanism and a smoothing head mounted on the three-dimensional motion mechanism. Specifically:

[0063] The three-dimensional motion mechanism includes two sets of parallel support beams 11 and a connecting beam 12 connecting the two sets of support beams 11. The connecting beam 12 can slide horizontally on the support beams 11. A driving component is provided on the support beams 11 to drive the connecting beam 11 to slide on the support beams 11. A seat 13 is slidably mounted on the connecting beam 12, and a driving component is also provided on the connecting beam 12 to drive the seat 13 to slide on the connecting beam 12. A load beam 14 is slidably mounted on the seat 13, and a driving component is also provided on the seat 13 to drive the load beam 14 to slide. Furthermore, the sliding directions of the connecting beam 12, seat 13, and load beam 14 are perpendicular to each other. This constraint allows the connecting beam 12, seat 13, and load beam 14 to be integrated together to achieve three-dimensional motion.

[0064] Preferably, the sliding directions of the connecting beam 12 and the seat 13 are both set to horizontal, so that their sliding directions constitute the X and Y directions. At the same time, the sliding direction of the load beam 14 is set to vertical, so that its sliding direction constitutes the Z direction. The three sliding directions cooperate with each other to achieve three-dimensional motion.

[0065] It should be noted that the sliding assembly between multiple beams and the assembly of driving components are conventional techniques in the prior art, and this article does not impose any restrictions on them.

[0066] Regarding the aforementioned smoothing head configuration, based on the three-dimensional motion mechanism designed in this application, and to accommodate the installation work between the load-bearing beam 14 and the smoothing head, the smoothing head structure with support 204 as described in Embodiment 1 is selected. Subsequently, only the support 204 needs to be fixedly connected to the bottom of the load-bearing beam 14. During use, since the segment mold a is located below the load-bearing beam 14, the movement of the load-bearing beam 14 can drive the smoothing plate 1 to move accordingly, thus achieving the smoothing operation.

[0067] In order to precisely adjust the position of the trowel 1 for more accurate smoothing of the concrete surface, this application has a drive motor 15 and a reducer 16 fixedly installed on the support 204. The drive motor 15 and the reducer 16 are connected in transmission, and the reducer 16 is connected in transmission to the rotating shaft 205. By using the cooperation of the drive motor 15 and the reducer 16, the rotating shaft 205 can rotate at a certain angle, thereby realizing the rotation of the trowel 1 connected to the rotating shaft 205. The rotation of the trowel 1 can adapt to different types of concrete surfaces, making the smoothing work adaptable and efficient.

[0068] The above description provides a detailed account of one embodiment of the present invention. However, this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent variations and improvements made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should still fall within the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smoothing machine head, characterized in that, The device includes a squeegee (1), a connector (2), and an elastic mechanism for elastically mounting the squeegee (1) on the connector (2) so that the squeegee (1) can move toward or away from the connector (2). The elastic mechanism includes a connecting rod (3) with its two ends respectively mounted on the connector (2) and the squeegee (1), and the connecting rod (3) is movably mounted on the connector (2). An elastic element (4) is provided between the squeegee (1) and the connector (2) so that when the connecting rod (3) moves toward the connector (2), the elastic element (4) will cause the squeegee (1) to have a tendency to move away from the connector (2).

2. A smoothing machine head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod (3) is configured as a threaded rod. One end of the threaded rod is fixedly installed on the trowel plate (1), and the other end passes through the adapter (2). A nut is fitted on this end, and the nut abuts against the adapter (2).

3. A smoothing machine head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element (4) is a reset spring and is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod (3). The two ends of the reset spring are fixedly connected to the adapter (2) and the trowel (1) respectively.

4. A smoothing machine head according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The adapter (2) includes an adapter plate (201) for mounting one end of the connecting rod (3), and two sets of parallel vertical plates (202) are fixedly installed on the adapter plate (201), and flanges (203) are fixedly installed on the vertical plates (202).

5. A smoothing machine head according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The adapter (2) includes a support (204), on which a rotating shaft (205) is rotatably arranged, and the rotating shaft (205) is arranged parallel to the trowel plate (1). The end of the rotating shaft (205) is fixedly provided with an assembly plate (206) for mounting one end of the connecting rod (3).

6. A smoothing machine head according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The smearing plate (1) is fixedly provided with a guide rod (5) that is movable through the adapter (2), and the guide rod (5) is arranged in parallel with the connecting rod (3).

7. A smoothing machine head according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The screed head also includes a baffle plate (6) around the screed plate (1) so that the screed plate (1) and the baffle plate (6) together form a box structure.

8. A smoothing machine head according to claim 7, characterized in that, A vibration motor (7) is fixedly installed on the smearing plate (1), and the vibration motor (7) is located inside the box structure.

9. A smoothing machine head according to claim 8, characterized in that, The vibration motor (7) is located at the end of the box structure.

10. A smoothing machine head according to claim 7, characterized in that, The enclosure panel (6) has several reinforcing ribs (8) inside.

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