Automatic loading and unloading type continuous operation rotary dissolver
By designing an automated, continuously operating rotary dissolver with a rotary hopper structure and drive equipment, continuous dissolution of spent fuel and separation of insoluble matter were achieved, solving the problem of continuous production at spent fuel reprocessing plants and improving the safety and operational stability of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520131861.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-21
AI Technical Summary
The dissolvers in existing spent fuel reprocessing plants have problems with continuous operation. The dissolution rate is not constant, which leads to violent reactions and the generation of volatile ruthenium at the beginning of dissolution, affecting subsequent processes.
Design an automatic loading and unloading continuous rotary dissolver, which adopts a rotary hopper structure to realize automatic loading and unloading of materials and separation of insoluble matter. The rotary hopper is driven by a drive device to rotate, and combined with the dissolving liquid flow hole and the unloading chamber, the automatic dissolution of the core block and the separation of insoluble matter are realized.
This enables continuous dissolution of spent fuel, reduces the number of moving parts in a highly radioactive environment, lowers the intensity of the reaction, avoids the generation of volatile ruthenium, and ensures the continuous operation and safety of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN223857883U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of spent fuel reprocessing, in particular to a continuous operation rotary dissolver of automatic loading and unloading type. BACKGROUND
[0002] In the shearing and dissolving process at the head end of the spent fuel reprocessing plant, the spent fuel rods are sheared into core pieces of several lengths with cladding, and then sent into the dissolver for reaction with nitric acid for dissolving. The buckets of the rotary dissolver continuously receive the sheared core pieces, and after reaction and dissolving, the undissolved cladding is discharged.
[0003] Since the dissolving process is in a high-radioactivity environment, the entry and exit of materials must be designed in an automated manner, and the number of moving parts and the structure should be closed as much as possible, and a reasonable structure needs to be designed to ensure the normal continuous operation of the equipment.
[0004] At the same time, the dissolving speed of the spent fuel in the current intermittent dissolver is not constant, the exposed surface area of the new fuel added at the beginning of the dissolving is large, and the reaction with fresh high-concentration nitric acid is violent, the high dissolving speed leads to a large exhaust peak, and the generated nitrous acid during the process leads to the generation of volatile ruthenium, which is not conducive to the subsequent iodine adsorption. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0005] In view of the demand for continuous production and operation of the spent fuel reprocessing plant in China, the utility model provides a continuous operation rotary dissolver of automatic loading and unloading type, which is suitable for the structure of the rotary dissolver for continuous dissolving of spent fuel, and realizes automatic loading and unloading of materials and separation of undissolved substances.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the utility model, a continuous operation rotary dissolver of automatic loading and unloading type is provided, which comprises a container chamber and a rotating bucket provided in the container chamber, the rotating bucket is hollow and is divided into a plurality of fan-shaped buckets by a bucket partition plate, a loading receiving groove and a dissolving liquid flow hole are provided on each bucket, a core piece loading pipe matched with the loading receiving groove is provided on the container chamber, the rotating bucket is rotated to match the core piece loading pipe with a loading receiving groove, the core piece is conveyed into the bucket through the core piece loading pipe, the dissolving liquid in the container chamber enters the bucket through the dissolving liquid flow hole, and the core piece is dissolved.
[0007] As a preferred, the rotating bucket is connected with a driving shaft to rotate the rotating bucket by a driving device; the unloading chamber is fixed inside the container chamber and attached to the wall surface of the rotating bucket, and is in communication with the dissolving chamber in the rotating bucket, and after the bucket is tilted by rotation, the undissolved cladding falls from the bottom of the bucket into the unloading chamber.
[0008] As preferred, each bucket bottom is provided with a cladding discharge guide plate arranged to be inclined to the side discharge chamber to facilitate the cladding to fall into the discharge chamber.
[0009] As preferred, a cladding baffle is arranged in the discharge chamber to prevent the cladding from falling back into the bucket.
[0010] As preferred, a cladding discharge chute is connected to the discharge chamber, and a cladding discharge pipe is arranged on the container chamber to discharge the cladding entering the discharge chamber from the cladding discharge chute into the cladding discharge pipe.
[0011] As preferred, a dissolving liquid inlet and a saturated liquid outlet are arranged on the side of the container chamber, and an exhaust outlet is arranged on the top of the container chamber to recycle the gas generated by the reaction through the exhaust outlet.
[0012] As preferred, the bottom of the container chamber is provided with an inclined plate, and the downward inclined end of the inclined plate is provided with a reflux liquid outlet, and the inclined plate is used to slide and convey the insoluble particles to the reflux liquid outlet.
[0013] As preferred, the reflux liquid outlet is connected to a circulation system to circulate and filter the reflux liquid output from the reflux liquid outlet and then connect the dissolving liquid inlet or the saturated liquid outlet.
[0014] As preferred, a heat exchange zone is arranged along the inclined plate, and the heat exchange zone is a heat exchanger arranged along the inclined plate or a heat exchange cavity arranged in the inclined plate to control the temperature of the dissolving liquid.
[0015] As preferred, the heat exchange zone is respectively provided with a first heat exchange port and a second heat exchange port along the direction of the inclined plate to perform heat exchange.
[0016] Overall, compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme conceived by the present application has the following beneficial effects:
[0017] The dissolver is suitable for continuous dissolution of spent fuel, and nitric acid dissolving liquid continuously flows into the rotary dissolver. The core block of the spent fuel rod after shearing enters the bucket of the runner through the loading pipe. The core block is dissolved by the nitric acid. The periodic rotation of the runner bucket discharges the undissolved cladding through the discharge outlet. The saturated solution after dissolving uranium dioxide flows out through the saturated liquid outlet, realizing automatic loading and unloading of materials and separation of insoluble substances, and solving the problem that the spent fuel reprocessing plant in China cannot continuously produce and operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 is the outer structure schematic diagram of the continuous operation rotary dissolver;
[0019] Figure 2 is the inner structure schematic diagram of the continuous operation rotary dissolver;
[0020] Figure 3is a sectional view of the continuous operation rotary dissolver;
[0021] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the rotating wheel bucket in the continuous operation rotary dissolver;
[0022] Figure 5 is a sectional view of the rotating wheel bucket in the continuous operation rotary dissolver;
[0023] Figure 6 is Figure 5 is an enlarged view of
[0024] In the drawings: 1 - dissolving liquid inlet; 2 - saturated liquid outlet; 3 - reflux liquid outlet; 4 - exhaust gas outlet; 5 - core block charging pipe; 6 - charging receiving groove; 7 - dissolving liquid flow hole; 8 - cladding unloading guide groove; 9 - cladding unloading pipe; 10 - unloading chamber; 11 - container chamber; 12 - rotating wheel bucket; 13 - bucket partition plate; 14 - cladding unloading guide plate; 15 - cladding partition plate; 16 - driving rotating shaft; 17 - heat exchange zone; 18 - first heat exchange port; 19 second heat exchange port, 20 - dissolving chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model more clearly, the following will be further described in detail in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the utility model and not to limit the utility model. In addition, the technical features involved in each embodiment of the utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 The utility model provides a kind of automatic loading and unloading type continuous operation rotary dissolver, including container chamber 11 and rotating wheel bucket 12 being located in container chamber 11, rotating wheel bucket 12 is hollow and is divided into several fan-shaped arrangement buckets by bucket partition plate 13, every bucket is equipped with charging receiving groove 6 and dissolving liquid flow hole 7, container chamber 11 is equipped with the core block charging pipe 5 matched with charging receiving groove 6, rotating wheel bucket 12 rotates to the core block charging pipe 5 and a charging receiving groove 6 match, core block is transported to bucket by core block charging pipe 5, dissolving liquid in container chamber 11 enters bucket by dissolving liquid flow hole 7, realizes to core block dissolving.
[0027] Specifically, each bucket forms an independent dissolution chamber 20, and the flow holes 7 are a combination of multiple flow holes. The arrangement should be uniform and reasonable according to actual needs, and the flow holes 7 are located near the bottom corners of the bucket. When the rotating wheel bucket 12 is separated from the liquid surface, the flow holes 7 can also discharge the liquid in the rotating wheel bucket 12 into the dissolver. Moreover, the aperture of the flow holes 7 is smaller than the outer diameter of the insoluble cladding, which can not only prevent the insoluble cladding from escaping from the dissolution chamber 20 of the rotating wheel bucket 12, but also has good liquid conductivity. The debris leaking from the holes can be collected and filtered through the backflow pipe, ensuring that there is no insoluble cladding in the container chamber 11.
[0028] The rotating wheel bucket 12 is connected with a driving shaft 16 to rotate the rotating wheel bucket 12 by a driving device. The driving device and the remaining cover are sealed by a liquid seal system to prevent radioactive liquid and gas from leaking. The discharge chamber 10 is fixed inside the container chamber 11 and attached to the wall of the rotating wheel bucket 12. The discharge chamber 10 communicates with the dissolution chamber 20 in the rotating wheel bucket 12. Each bucket bottom is provided with a cladding discharge guide plate 14 arranged obliquely to the side discharge chamber 10 to facilitate the cladding to fall into the discharge chamber 10. After the bucket is tilted, the insoluble cladding slides from the bottom of the bucket into the discharge chamber 10.
[0029] The discharge chamber 10 is provided with a circular cladding partition 15 fixed at a certain position in the middle of the discharge chamber 10. The bucket partition 13 has a groove at the bottom of the discharge chamber 10, which is embedded with the cladding partition 15. The opening size of the groove matches the thickness of the cladding partition 15, which can ensure that the bucket partition 13 just clamps the cladding partition 15 when the rotating wheel bucket 12 rotates, thereby achieving the blocking of the cladding, guiding the cladding accumulated in the discharge chamber 10 from the bottom, and preventing the cladding from falling back into the bucket. The discharge chamber 10 is connected with a cladding discharge guide groove 8 to facilitate the discharge of insoluble cladding. The container chamber 11 is provided with a cladding discharge pipe 9 to discharge the cladding in the discharge chamber 10 into the cladding discharge pipe 9 through the cladding discharge guide groove 8.
[0030] The container chamber 11 is provided with a dissolution liquid inlet 1 and a saturated liquid outlet 2 on the side. The dissolution liquid inlet 1 supplies dissolution liquid into the container chamber 11, and the saturated liquid outlet 2 is used to output saturated liquid. The container chamber 11 is provided with an exhaust outlet 4 at the top to recycle the gas generated in the reaction through the exhaust outlet 4. The dissolution liquid inlet 1 is located in the middle of the container chamber 11, and the saturated liquid outlet 2 is located in the middle of the other side of the container chamber 11. The saturated liquid outlet 2 is provided with a liquid outflow adjusting device to control the liquid outflow. Together with the backflow port 3, the liquid volume in the dissolution chamber can be adjusted.
[0031] The bottom of the container chamber 11 is provided with an inclined plate, and the downwardly inclined end of the inclined plate is provided with a reflux liquid outlet 3, and the inclined plate conveys the sliding of the insoluble particles to the reflux liquid outlet 3; the reflux liquid outlet 3 is connected to a circulating system to circulate the reflux liquid output by the reflux liquid outlet 3 after filtration to connect the dissolving liquid inlet 1 or the saturated liquid outlet 2.
[0032] A heat exchange zone 17 is arranged along the inclined plate, the heat exchange zone 17 is a heat exchanger arranged along the inclined plate or a heat exchange cavity arranged in the inclined plate, so as to realize temperature control of the dissolving liquid, the temperature control includes heating control and cooling control, that is, cold water or heating steam or hot water heating is possible, and the temperature control is realized through the temperature difference between the cold water or the heating steam or the hot water and the dissolving liquid; the heat exchange zone 17 is respectively provided with a first heat exchange port 18 and a second heat exchange port 19 along the direction of the inclined plate, so as to take the first heat exchange port 18 as a heat exchange fluid inlet, the second heat exchange port 19 as a heat exchange fluid outlet, and the water is fed from below and discharged from above to improve the cooling efficiency; in other special cases, the second heat exchange port 19 can also be taken as a heat exchange fluid inlet, and the first heat exchange port 18 is taken as a heat exchange fluid outlet, and the heating steam is input to improve the heat exchange efficiency.
[0033] The use method of the automatic loading and unloading type continuous operation rotary dissolver provided by the utility model is as follows:
[0034] (1) The sheared spent fuel pellets slide into the loading receiving groove 6 through the pellet loading pipe 5, and the bottom slope of the loading receiving groove 6 makes the pellets slide into the corresponding bucket, and since the bucket partition plate 13 is also inclined at this time, the pellets finally slide to the bottom of the bucket;
[0035] (2) The nitric acid dissolving liquid continuously fills the internal space in the rotary dissolver through the dissolving liquid inlet 1, and when the liquid level reaches a certain height, the nitric acid dissolving liquid enters the bucket through the dissolving liquid flow hole 7, reacts with the pellets in the bucket, dissolves the uranium dioxide in the pellets, generates uranium nitrate dissolved in the liquid, and diffuses the high-concentration reaction liquid to the dissolving liquid outside the bucket through the dissolving liquid flow hole 7;
[0036] (3) Since the dissolving process is changing, the rotation time of the driving shaft 16 is controlled by the driver to ensure that the reaction in the dissolver is stable, and the generated gas is recycled through the exhaust outlet 4;
[0037] (4) The bucket 12 of the rotating wheel is immersed in the dissolving liquid in the dissolver chamber by about half, and when the driving shaft 16 rotates under the control of the driving device, the lower bucket is first immersed in the dissolving liquid, and then leaves the dissolving liquid after the dissolving chemical reaction is completed; meanwhile, in the rotating process, the pellets with a density greater than the dissolving liquid or the undissolved cladding slide from the bottom arc partition plate of the bucket to the inclined cladding unloading guide plate 14 along the bucket partition plate 13, and then further slide into the unloading chamber 10;
[0038] (5) The undissolved canisters falling into the discharge chamber 10 fall through the bottom opening into the canister discharge chute 8, and then are discharged through the canister discharge pipe 9, the canister partition 15 of the discharge chamber 10 preventing the canisters from falling back into the ladle;
[0039] (6) The liquid of the required dissolution concentration is discharged through the saturated liquid outlet 2 to the subsequent processing procedure;
[0040] (7) The sheared canister shell powder may accidentally enter the dissolver, and the bottom inclined wall plate of the dissolver can make the undissolved particles slide to the reflux liquid outlet 3, the reflux liquid can be filtered through the recirculation system and then re-enter the dissolver through the dissolving liquid inlet 1, or can directly flow into the subsequent procedure after being mixed with the saturated liquid discharged through the saturated liquid outlet 2;
[0041] (8) When the temperature control of the dissolver is required, the heat exchange fluid in the heat exchange zone 17 flows into through the first heat exchange port 18, due to the temperature difference, the fluid in the heat exchange zone 17 exchanges heat with the liquid in the dissolver, and finally the heat exchange fluid flows out through the second heat exchange port 19.
[0042] Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A continuous running rotary dissolver of the automatic loading and unloading type, characterized in that, The container cavity (11) and the rotating wheel bucket (12) arranged in the container cavity (11) are hollow and divided into several fan-shaped buckets by the bucket partition (13), each bucket is provided with a charge receiving groove (6) and a dissolving liquid flow hole (7), the container cavity (11) is provided with a core block charging pipe (5) matched with the charge receiving groove (6), the rotating wheel bucket (12) is rotated to match the core block charging pipe (5) with a charge receiving groove (6), the core block is transported into the bucket through the core block charging pipe (5), and the dissolving liquid in the container cavity (11) enters the bucket through the dissolving liquid flow hole (7), so that the core block is dissolved.
2. A continuous running rotary dissolver of the automatic loading and unloading type according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating wheel bucket (12) is connected with a driving rotating shaft (16) to rotate the rotating wheel bucket (12) by a driving device; the discharge cavity (10) is fixed in the container cavity (11) and attached to the wall surface of the rotating wheel bucket (12) and communicates with the dissolving cavity (20) in the rotating wheel bucket (12), and the undissolved cladding is slid from the bottom of the bucket to the discharge cavity (10) after the bucket is tilted.
3. A continuous running rotary dissolver of the automatic loading and unloading type according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of each bucket is provided with a cladding discharge guide plate (14) arranged to be inclined to the side discharge cavity (10) to facilitate the cladding to fall into the discharge cavity (10).
4. A continuous running rotary dissolver of the automatic loading and unloading type according to claim 2, characterized in that, The discharge cavity (10) is provided with a cladding partition (15) to prevent the cladding from falling back into the bucket.
5. A continuous running rotary dissolver of the automatic loading and unloading type according to claim 2, characterized in that, The discharge cavity (10) is connected with a cladding discharge guide groove (8), and the container cavity (11) is provided with a cladding discharge pipe (9) to discharge the cladding in the discharge cavity (10) from the cladding discharge guide groove (8) into the cladding discharge pipe (9).
6. A continuous running rotary dissolver of the automatic loading and unloading type according to claim 1, characterized in that, The container cavity (11) is provided with a dissolving liquid inlet (1) and a saturated liquid outlet (2) on the side, and is provided with an exhaust outlet (4) on the top to recycle the gas generated in the reaction through the exhaust outlet (4).
7. A continuous running rotary dissolver of the automatic loading and unloading type according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom of the container cavity (11) is provided with an inclined plate, and the downward inclined end is provided with a reflux liquid outlet (3), and the inclined plate slides and conveys the undissolved particles to the reflux liquid outlet (3).
8. A continuous running rotary dissolver of the automatic loading and unloading type according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reflux liquid outlet (3) is connected with a circulating system to circulate and filter the reflux liquid output from the reflux liquid outlet (3) and connect the dissolving liquid inlet (1) or the saturated liquid outlet (2).
9. A continuous running rotary dissolver of the automatic loading and unloading type according to claim 6, characterized in that, A heat exchange zone (17) is arranged along the inclined plate, the heat exchange zone (17) is a heat exchanger arranged along the inclined plate or a heat exchange cavity arranged in the inclined plate to control the temperature of the dissolving liquid.
10. A continuous running rotary dissolver of the automatic loading and unloading type according to claim 9, characterized in that, The heat exchange zone (17) is respectively provided with a first heat exchange port (18) and a second heat exchange port (19) along the direction of the inclined plate to exchange heat.