Facility asparagus lettuce picking device

Abstract

A facility asparagus lettuce picking device comprises an electric chassis walking system, a conveying device, a cutting device, a centralizer, a non-contact cleaning system and other key components. The electric chassis carries a direct-current motor and is provided with a lithium battery pack. The conveying device adopts a PVC soft conveying belt and is driven by a motor, relative rotation of the conveying belt on the two sides is achieved through a roller arranged on a fixing shaft, and the cut asparagus lettuce is stably conveyed to a collecting basket. The cutting device adopts a standard hard alloy circular saw blade, discs on two sides are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction and rotate relatively, and mutual interference of asparagus lettuce during cutting is avoided. And the centralizer is designed to be used for gathering the asparagus lettuce before the asparagus lettuce is cut. The design of the non-contact cleaning system is used for removing residues on the conveying belt. In addition, the device further comprises a holding rod, a collecting basket and other auxiliary structures. The asparagus lettuce harvester is compact in design structure, easy to operate, capable of effectively improving asparagus lettuce harvesting efficiency and suitable for mechanized asparagus lettuce harvesting operation in a greenhouse environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to harvesting machinery for lettuce in facility agriculture. Background Technology

[0002] Lettuce, a widely cultivated stem vegetable, ranks among the top in China's total vegetable production. However, the harvesting of lettuce, especially in greenhouse cultivation, is almost entirely manual, resulting in high labor intensity and low efficiency, severely limiting the improvement of production efficiency. Currently, the development of stem vegetable harvesting machinery in China started relatively late and is slow, with few independently developed greenhouse stem vegetable harvesting machines and insufficient independent innovation. Existing machinery is mostly single-function, with poor adaptability, making it difficult to adapt to different maturity levels, varieties, and greenhouse spacing. Stem vegetable harvesting machinery is prone to causing crop damage in practical applications, and its complex operation and high maintenance costs further restrict its application in actual production.

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a small, hand-held, self-propelled lettuce harvesting device suitable for greenhouse cultivation environments, based on in-depth research into the physical characteristics of lettuce and the actual needs during the harvesting process. This device can adapt to different planting conditions, improve harvesting efficiency, ensure harvesting quality, and has advantages such as simple structure and strong adaptability, effectively solving the problems existing in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem this utility model aims to solve is that in the current greenhouse lettuce harvesting process, the harvesting stage almost entirely relies on manual labor, resulting in high labor intensity and low work efficiency. Especially in facility agriculture, the development of mechanized lettuce harvesting technology is slow; existing harvesting machinery is often single-function, poorly adaptable, and unable to meet the needs of different environments. Furthermore, the design of existing harvesting machinery neglects ease of operation and harvesting efficiency, leading to difficulties in efficiently and safely harvesting lettuce in practice, and easily causing damage to the lettuce.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A facility-grown lettuce harvesting device includes an electric chassis walking system, a conveying device, a cutting device, a straightener, a non-contact cleaning system, handles, a collection basket, and support rods. The electric chassis walking system comprises a chassis, casters, a DC motor I, a lithium battery pack, a flexible coupling, a reducer, a bevel gear input shaft, a small bevel gear, a large bevel gear, a drive shaft, and agricultural tires. The cutting device includes two miniature DC motors II, two drive shafts, and two circular saw blades. The conveying device includes two miniature DC motors III, a conveyor belt, twelve fixed shafts, twelve rollers, an upper support plate, and a lower support plate. The chassis and casters are connected by hexagonal socket head cap screws. The DC motor I, the reducer, and the small bevel gear input shaft are connected by flexible couplings. The lithium battery pack powers the DC motor I and drives the chassis walking system of the harvesting device. The system comprises the following components: a small bevel gear and a large bevel gear are connected by gear meshing; the large bevel gear and the drive shaft are connected by hexagon socket head cap screws; the drive shaft and the agricultural tire are connected by angular contact ball bearings; the transmission shaft is powered by a micro DC motor II; the circular saw blade is positioned below the starting position of the conveyor and is connected to the transmission shaft by slotted countersunk screws; the conveyor belt is arranged symmetrically on both sides and is driven by a micro DC motor III; the fixed shaft is positioned in the middle of the drum and rotates on the drum, with the upper support plate fixed above and the lower support plate fixed below; the straightener is positioned in front of the cutting device; the non-contact cleaning system is positioned above the upper support plate; the handle is positioned behind the harvesting device; the collection basket is positioned above the chassis and below the conveyor; and the support rod and the chassis are connected by hexagon socket head cap screws.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the size of the chassis assembly can be determined according to the planting spacing of lettuce in the greenhouse to adapt to the narrow space inside the greenhouse; the power component is determined based on the overall weight of 200kg, and uses a Z2-21 type DC motor I and a lithium battery pack of three 48V / 40A lithium batteries, which can not only meet the needs of agricultural production, but also effectively reduce economic costs; the coupling is a GY1 flange coupling; the reducer is a single-stage bevel gear reducer with a transmission ratio of 2; the small bevel gear is made of 40Cr steel with heat treatment and a hardness of 267~287HBS, and the large bevel gear is made of 45 steel with heat treatment and a hardness of 237~247HBS.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the cutting tool is a circular saw blade with a diameter of 250mm, an overlap area of ​​20mm, and a vertical spacing of 2mm, which is set 100mm behind the starting point of the conveying device.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the conveyor belt adopts a flexible design and vertical clamping. The conveying speed is controlled to be between 0.3 and 0.6 m / s to meet the operating requirements of the device. The height of the conveyor belt is 160 mm, with a fixed shaft of 30 mm in the middle and 20 mm in diameter at both ends. The inclination angle is designed to be 20° to ensure the stability of the lettuce during the conveying process. Rubber or plastic protective strips can be added to both sides of the conveyor belt to reduce direct contact between the lettuce and the metal frame. The diameter of the fixed shaft is 30 mm to accommodate the size and strength requirements of the PVC soft conveyor belt. The roller is made of rigid plastic and is the part on the fixed shaft that moves with the conveyor belt and provides support.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the uprighting device is symmetrically distributed on both sides, and the spacing is determined to be 350mm according to the spacing between lettuce plants. A converging section is set 250mm in front of the cutter.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the non-contact cleaning system allows for the selection of appropriate air nozzles and the number and angle of the nozzles to be installed according to actual conditions.

[0012] The beneficial effects achieved by this utility model are as follows: This device is a greenhouse lettuce harvesting device, which effectively solves the problems of high labor intensity and low efficiency in manual harvesting of lettuce in greenhouse environments. Simultaneously, by integrating an automated cutting and conveying system, this device achieves rapid and precise harvesting of lettuce, significantly reducing damage and waste to the crop during the harvesting process, and providing an effective solution for mechanized harvesting in greenhouse agriculture. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a facility-based lettuce harvesting device;

[0015] Figure 2 This is an axonometric drawing of a facility-based lettuce harvesting device;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a top view of a facility for harvesting lettuce.

[0017] Figure 4 This is an isometric view of a conveyor system for harvesting and transporting lettuce in a facility.

[0018] Second test map:

[0019] The following are the component labels in the diagram: Electric chassis walking system 1, chassis 101, casters 102, DC motor I 103, lithium battery pack 104, flexible coupling 105, reducer 106, bevel gear input shaft 107, large bevel gear 108, small bevel gear 109, drive shaft 110, agricultural tire 111, cutting device 2, micro DC motor II 201, drive shaft 202, circular saw blade 203, conveying device 3, micro DC motor III 301, conveyor belt 302, fixed shaft 303, roller 304, upper support plate 305, lower support plate 306, straightener 4, non-contact cleaning system 5, handle 6, collection basket 7, support rod 8. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] like Figures 1-4 As shown in the present invention, a facility lettuce harvesting device includes an electric chassis walking system (1), a cutting device (2), a conveying device (3), a straightener (4), a non-contact cleaning system (5), a handle (6), a collection basket (7), and a support rod (8).

[0024] The electric chassis walking system (1) includes a chassis (101), casters (102), a DC motor 1 (103), a lithium battery pack (104), a flexible coupling (105), a reducer (106), a bevel gear input shaft (107), a large bevel gear (108), a small bevel gear (109), a drive shaft (110), and agricultural tires (111). The chassis (101) and the casters (102) are connected by hexagonal head screws, and the casters (102) are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides along the central axis below the chassis (101) to ensure that the picking device can turn flexibly. The DC motor I (103), reducer (106), and small bevel gear input shaft (107) are connected by flexible couplings (105); the large bevel gear (108) and small bevel gear (109) are connected by gear meshing; the large bevel gear (108) and drive shaft (110) are connected by hexagon socket head cap screws; the drive shaft (110) and agricultural tire (111) are connected by angular contact ball bearings; the Z2-21 type DC motor I (103) has a rated voltage of 110V, a rated power of 0.8kw, and a rated speed of 1500r / min. The lithium battery pack (104) consists of three 48V / 40A lithium batteries, which provide power to the DC motor I (103) and drive the chassis walking system (1) of the harvesting device.

[0025] The cutting device (2) includes a micro DC motor II (201), a drive shaft (202), and a circular saw blade (203); the circular saw blade (203) is located below the starting position of the conveying device (3) and is connected to the drive shaft (cutting shaft) (202) by slotted countersunk screws.

[0026] The conveying device (3) includes a micro DC motor III (301), a conveyor belt (302), a fixed shaft (303), a roller (304), an upper support plate (305), and a lower support plate (306). The conveyor belt (302) is arranged symmetrically on both sides and is driven by the micro DC motor III (301). The fixed shaft (303) is located in the middle of the roller (304) and rotates on the roller (304). The upper part of the fixed shaft (303) is fixed to the upper support plate (305), and the lower part is fixed to the lower support plate (306). The roller moves with the conveyor belt (302) and plays a major supporting role.

[0027] The straightener (4) is located in front of the cutting device (2); the non-contact cleaning system (5) is located above the upper support plate (305), using fan-shaped nozzles to cover a wide area, using compressed air as power to remove residues on the conveyor belt (302); the handle (6) is located behind the picking device, for the operator to hold and control, making operation convenient; the collection basket (7) is located above the chassis (101) and below the conveying device (3); there are 6 support rods (8) in 3 groups with different lengths, which are fixed to the chassis (101) by internal hexagonal head screws, forming an inclined plane with the conveying device (3) to facilitate the lettuce to slide down.

[0028] The specific embodiments of this utility model have been described above. It should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the substantive content of this utility model.

Claims

1. A facility-grown lettuce harvesting device, comprising an electric chassis walking system (1), a cutting device (2), a conveying device (3), two uprighters (4), four non-contact cleaning systems (5), handles (6), a collection basket (7), and six support rods (8), characterized in that: The electric chassis walking system (1) includes a chassis (101), two casters (102), a DC motor I (103), a lithium battery pack (104), two flexible couplings (105), a reducer (106), a bevel gear input shaft (107), two large bevel gears (108), a small bevel gear (109), a drive shaft (110), and two agricultural tires (111); the cutting device (2) includes two miniature DC motors II (201), two drive shafts (202), and two circular saw blades (203); the conveying device (3) includes a miniature straight... The system includes two DC motors (301), a conveyor belt (302), twelve fixed shafts (303), twelve rollers (304), an upper support plate (305), and a lower support plate (306); the chassis (101) and the casters (102) are connected by hexagonal head screws; the DC motor I (103), the reducer (106), and the small bevel gear input shaft (107) are connected by a flexible coupling (105); the lithium battery pack (104) powers the DC motor I (103) and drives the chassis walking system (1) of the harvesting device; the large bevel gear (108) and the small bevel gear input shaft (107) are connected by a flexible coupling (105); The bevel gears (109) are connected by gear meshing; the large bevel gear (108) and the drive shaft (110) are connected by hexagon socket head cap screws; the drive shaft (110) and the agricultural tire (111) are connected by angular contact ball bearings; the transmission shaft (202) is powered by a micro DC motor II (201); the circular saw blade (203) is positioned below the starting position of the conveyor device (3) and is connected to the transmission shaft (202) by slotted countersunk screws; the conveyor belt (302) is arranged symmetrically on both sides and is driven by a micro DC motor III (301). The fixed shaft (303) is located in the middle of the roller (304) and rotates on the roller (304). The fixed shaft (303) is fixed above the upper support plate (305) and below the lower support plate (306). The straightener (4) is located in front of the cutting device (2). The non-contact cleaning system (5) is located above the upper support plate (305). The handle (6) is located behind the picking device. The collection basket (7) is located above the chassis (101) and below the conveying device (3). The support rod (8) is located above the chassis (101) and connected by hexagonal head screws.

2. The facility-grown lettuce harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC motor I (103) is connected to the reducer (106) to realize power reversal; the universal wheels (102) are arranged on the left and right sides below the chassis (101) to make the picking device move more flexibly.

3. The facility-grown lettuce harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two miniature DC motors II (201) are located on the left and right sides of the front of the chassis, respectively providing power to the two drive shafts (202); the two drive shafts (202) transmit the power to the circular saw blades (203) on the left and right sides.

4. The facility-grown lettuce harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two miniature DC motors III (301) are located on the left and right sides behind the conveying device (3) to provide power to the conveyor belt (302); the height of the conveyor belt (302) is higher than the center of gravity of the lettuce; the fixed shaft (303) is the shaft for the movement of the conveyor belt (302) rollers and is fixed between the upper and lower support plates; the roller (304) is the part on the fixed shaft (303) that moves with the conveyor belt (302) and plays a supporting role.

5. The facility-grown lettuce harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straightener (4) is symmetrically distributed on both sides, which gathers the lettuce before it is clamped by the conveyor belt (302), making it easier for the conveyor belt (302) to clamp and for the blade to cut.

6. The facility-grown lettuce harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-contact cleaning system (5) uses fan-shaped nozzles to cover a wide area and uses compressed air to remove residues from the conveyor belt (302).

7. The facility-grown lettuce harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The handle (6) is part of the harvesting device that the operator controls, and it should be easy for the operator to operate.

8. The facility-grown lettuce harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection basket (7) is wider than the conveying device (3) and narrower than the chassis (101).

9. A facility-grown lettuce harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are 6 support rods (8), divided into 3 groups, with different lengths, forming an inclined plane with the conveying device (3).

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