Airborne meteorological radar based on AFDX interface control

Abstract

The utility model discloses an airborne meteorological radar based on AFDX interface control. The airborne meteorological radar mainly overcomes the defects that a communication interface of an existing airborne meteorological radar is limited in transmission rate, limited in bandwidth, low in reliability of a topological system and the like. The system comprises an antenna, an antenna driver, a transmitter, a receiver, a control unit and a signal processing unit, the signal processing unit adopts an AFDX communication interface, specific functions are realized by an AFDX interface control module, and a DC / DC voltage conversion module performs voltage adjustment and signal enhancement; the Ethernet bus physical layer analysis module realizes a physical layer function of Ethernet communication; the AFDX protocol upper layer control module unpacks the digital signal according to the AFDX protocol and packs data information; and the state information conversion module is used for mutually converting the AFDX data and a radar working mode mark used in the radar. The utility model has the advantages of high transmission rate, wide band, flexible and safe network topology and strong real-time performance, and can be used for various aircrafts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of radar technology, and specifically relates to an airborne weather radar that can be used in various aircraft such as helicopters and drones. Background Technology

[0002] Airborne weather radar is an essential flight safety device for all types of aircraft. It can detect the distribution of meteorological and other targets, such as clouds, rain, and thunderstorms, within a certain airspace ahead of the aircraft in real time during flight. It displays the outline of the detected targets, the amount of rainfall in the thunderstorm area, the azimuth and distance, and other information on the display screen, providing pilots with warnings of dangerous weather conditions.

[0003] Currently, domestic airborne weather radars mainly use the traditional 422 or 429 interfaces for data exchange. These two protocols have advantages such as simple interface and anti-interference. However, with the development of avionics systems, aircraft electronic systems are becoming more and more complex, and the requirements for data transmission rate, bandwidth and real-time performance are getting higher and higher. The 422 or 429 interface communication has exposed disadvantages such as limited transmission rate, limited bandwidth and low reliability of topology system.

[0004] To meet the high data transmission requirements of modern aircraft, the AFDX data interface has become the mainstream choice for aircraft communication links. AFDX communication technology offers the following advantages: 1. High transmission rate: As AFDX is based on Ethernet transmission technology, its transmission rate reaches up to 100Mbps, meeting the requirements for high-speed, high-volume data transmission. 2. High bandwidth: AFDX uses full-duplex communication, effectively increasing communication bandwidth and enabling multi-channel data transmission. 3. Flexible and secure network topology: AFDX employs a redundant network topology, improving communication reliability and fault tolerance. 4. Good real-time performance: AFDX uses virtual link technology, ensuring the real-time nature and determinism of data transmission.

[0005] In practical applications of weather radar, the total amount of data transmission is increasing, and the requirements for security are becoming more stringent. Weather conditions often change rapidly, which also places high demands on real-time performance. Applying the AFDX data interface to airborne weather radar will greatly improve the overall data transmission capability of airborne weather radar and is also highly necessary to enhance the safety and reliability of weather radar.

[0006] Patent document CN202322761027.X discloses "An Airborne Weather Radar with Multi-Device Display and Control Functions", which includes a display, a transceiver, and an antenna unit. The display includes a control panel, a weather radar processing unit, an image acquisition and processing module, and a display screen. The weather radar processing unit includes three functional modules: an airborne weather radar display and control module for controlling the transceiver to generate weather images; a satellite communication equipment control module for sending and receiving message data and generating a human-machine interface for satellite communication equipment; and an optoelectronic equipment control and display module for controlling optoelectronic equipment and generating optoelectronic equipment character images. The images of the three functional modules are displayed on the display screen.

[0007] Patent document CN106597449B discloses an "Airborne Weather Radar Based on FPGA", which includes an antenna, an antenna driver, a transmitter, a receiver, a control unit, and a signal processing unit. The signal processing unit receives external control commands to cause the control unit to generate corresponding excitation signals, thereby stimulating the transmitter to generate corresponding radio frequency signals and radiate them outwards through the antenna. At the same time, it generates antenna control signals to control the antenna driver to rotate, thereby driving the antenna to perform azimuth scanning and elevation adjustment. After the radio frequency signals are reflected by the target, they are received by the antenna and transmitted to the receiver controlled by the control unit for frequency conversion, amplification, and quantization. Then, they are transmitted to the signal processing unit for processing of meteorological targets, large ground targets and topographical features, large ships on the sea surface, islands, and beacon towers.

[0008] Patent application CN202322626595.9 discloses a "Multifunctional Video Acquisition and Overlay Processor for Airborne Weather Radar," which includes a video input module, a processor module, a signal processing module, a video output circuit, and a video overlay switching module. The video overlay switching module includes a video input acquisition logic submodule, a video processing logic submodule, a video buffer logic submodule, a video synthesis logic submodule, and a video output logic submodule. It receives infrared XGA video signals, satellite communication XGA video signals, and meteorological digital RGB video signals transmitted from the video input module, performs video signal conversion, parsing, and overlay replication, obtains a digital video output signal, and transmits it to the video output circuit. The integrated display communication module involved uses an ARINC429 level conversion circuit.

[0009] While the aforementioned existing technologies can achieve the basic functions of airborne weather radar, they suffer from drawbacks such as limited transmission rate, limited bandwidth, low security, and lack of reliability of the topology system during communication with the integrated display host computer, due to the lack of an external communication interface for upgrades. These drawbacks fail to meet the current communication requirements of avionics systems. Utility Model Content

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology by proposing an airborne weather radar based on AFDX interface control, thereby improving the data transmission capability of the airborne weather radar, enhancing the data security and reliability of the weather radar, and meeting the communication requirements of avionics systems.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an airborne weather radar based on AFDX interface control, comprising an antenna, an antenna driver, a transmitter, a receiver, a control unit, a signal processing unit, and a power supply module, wherein:

[0012] The signal processing unit includes: an AFDX interface control module, a radar control module, a radar timing module, an echo processing module, a radar operating mode response module, a radar echo display module, and a beacon decoding module.

[0013] The AFDX interface control module receives control commands, operations, and current aircraft status information from the external radar interface through the external AFDX interface, converts them into radar operating mode flags used internally by the radar, and sends them to the radar control module, radar timing module, echo processing module, and radar operating mode response module, respectively.

[0014] This radar control module is used to generate radar control codes, transmit them to the radar timing module and echo processing module, and control their operating status.

[0015] This radar timing module is used to generate the timing signals and clock signals required by the radar control module and echo processing module during radar operation.

[0016] The echo processing module is used to receive and process the digital echo information in the receiver to obtain radar echo information and beacon position feature data, and transmit the echo information to the radar echo display module. When the radar working mode is marked as beacon or beacon composite, the beacon position feature data is transmitted to the beacon decoding module.

[0017] Furthermore, the AFDX interface control module, radar control module, radar timing module, echo processing module, AFDX protocol upper-layer control module, and state information conversion module are all implemented using a field-programmable gate array (FPGA); the radar operating mode response module, radar echo display module, and beacon decoding module are all housed within a microprocessor.

[0018] Furthermore, the AFDX interface control module includes: an Ethernet bus physical layer parsing submodule, a DC / DC voltage conversion submodule, an AFDX protocol upper layer control submodule, and a status information conversion submodule;

[0019] This Ethernet bus physical layer parsing module mainly consists of a circuit with a PHY chip as its core. It is used to implement the physical layer function of Ethernet communication, converting the differential analog signals of the network cable into digital signals, and is responsible for signal transmission and reception.

[0020] This DC / DC voltage conversion module mainly consists of a circuit with a level conversion chip as its core. It is used to adjust the voltage and enhance the signal, improve the integrity of signal transmission, and provide electrical isolation for the PHY chip.

[0021] The upper-layer control module of the AFDX protocol is used to unpack and parse the digital signal converted by the Ethernet bus physical layer parsing module according to the AFDX protocol, extract the data information, send it to the status information conversion module, and encapsulate the radar information sent by the status information conversion module before sending the data packet to the Ethernet bus physical layer parsing module for data transmission.

[0022] This status information conversion module is used to convert the AFDX data extracted by the AFDX protocol upper-layer control module into radar operating mode flags used inside the radar, and to integrate the radar status information into AFDX data packets, which are then sent to the AFDX protocol upper-layer control module.

[0023] The radar external interface of this invention adopts the AFDX interface, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0024] Compared to the traditional 422 interface, the AFDX interface, based on Ethernet transmission technology, can achieve a transmission rate of up to 100Mbps, meeting the requirements for high-speed, large-volume data transmission.

[0025] Compared to the traditional 429 interface, the AFDX interface, being a full-duplex communication method, offers higher communication bandwidth. Its bandwidth allocation and management mechanism can meet the data transmission requirements of multiple channels. Furthermore, the AFDX interface uses dual redundant lines, reducing line communication failures and improving security. Additionally, the star topology of AFDX communication allows for flexible topology communication networks to be implemented through switches, reducing cabling and providing strong scalability. Moreover, the AFDX interface employs virtual link technology, assigning a fixed virtual communication link to each data transmission channel, ensuring that data transmission channels do not interfere with each other, thus guaranteeing real-time and deterministic data transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the airborne weather radar based on AFDX interface control according to this utility model.

[0027] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the transmitter principle in this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the receiver principle in this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the control unit in this utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the signal processing unit in this utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the AFDX interface principle in this utility model;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna driver principle in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The structure of the airborne weather radar based on AFDX interface control of this utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] The key technology in this example is the use of the AFDX external interface for data transmission, which addresses the insufficient data transmission capability of the 429 communication interface commonly used in domestic weather radars. The 429 communication interface has a high-speed rate of only 100Kbps, which is far from meeting the increasing communication demands of avionics systems. Furthermore, the point-to-point communication method of the 429 interface significantly increases the number of connectors and the weight of the cables used. Additionally, the fact that a single transmitter on the 429 interface can only connect to 20 receivers limits the construction of the communication network topology, thus exposing many shortcomings of the 429 communication interface in the external data transmission of weather radar.

[0035] The AFDX communication interface in this example adopts Ethernet-based data transmission technology. Addressing the needs of weather radar external communication, such as large data volume, strong real-time requirements, high communication security levels, and weight reduction requirements of avionics systems, it is designed based on FPGA chips, PHY chips, and peripheral voltage conversion circuits. It utilizes Ethernet-based communication technology and the unique mechanisms of dual redundancy, virtual links, and bandwidth allocation management in the AFDX protocol to construct the communication interface. It features high speed, full-duplex operation, high communication bandwidth, flexible and secure network topology, and good real-time performance, effectively meeting the current communication needs of domestic weather radars.

[0036] Reference Figure 1This example of an airborne weather radar based on AFDX interface control includes an antenna 1, an antenna driver 2, a transmitter 3, a receiver 4, a control unit 5, a signal processing unit 6, a transceiver switch 7, and a power module 8. The transmitter 3, receiver 4, control unit 5, signal processing unit 6, transceiver switch 7, and power module 8 constitute a transceiver unit, while the antenna 1 and antenna driver 2 constitute an antenna unit. The transceiver unit and the antenna unit are connected via waveguides and cables. The transceiver unit responds to external control commands, generates a specific high-power radio frequency signal, and controls the directional radiation of the antenna unit. After being reflected by the target, the high-power radio frequency signal is directionally received by the antenna unit and transmitted to the transceiver unit for processing and display.

[0037] I. Functions and Structure of Each Component in the Antenna Sub-unit

[0038] The antenna 1 is a planar slotted antenna, which is fixed on the rotating part of the antenna driver 2 and connected to the transceiver switch 7 through a waveguide. It is used to radiate the high-power radio frequency signal transmitted by the transmitter 3 through the transceiver switch 7 in a directional manner, and to receive the radio frequency signal reflected back from the target and transmit it to the receiver 4 through the transceiver switch 7.

[0039] The antenna driver 2 is connected to the signal processing unit 6 via a cable. It is used to receive the antenna control signal transmitted by the signal processing unit 6, control the rotation of its mechanical parts, and drive the antenna 1 to perform azimuth scanning and elevation adjustment.

[0040] II. Functions and Structure of Each Component of the Transceiver Unit

[0041] The transmitter 3 is connected to the control unit 5 and the transceiver switch 7 respectively. It is used to receive the transmission excitation signal from the control unit 5 and generate a high-power radio frequency signal to be transmitted to the antenna 1 through the transceiver switch 7.

[0042] The receiver 4 is connected to the control unit 5, the signal processing unit 6 and the transceiver switch 7 respectively. It is used to receive the control signals transmitted by the control unit 5, amplify and quantize the radio frequency signals transmitted by the antenna 1 through the transceiver switch 7, and then transmit the digital echo information to the signal processing unit 6.

[0043] The control unit 5 is connected to the transmitter 3, the receiver 4 and the signal processing unit 6 respectively. It is used to receive the radar control code transmitted by the signal processing unit 6 to generate a transmission excitation signal and a gain control voltage. The transmission excitation signal is transmitted to the transmitter 3 and the gain control voltage is transmitted to the receiver 4.

[0044] The signal processing unit 6 is connected to the receiver 4, the control unit 5 and the antenna driver 2 respectively. It is used to receive external control commands, generate radar control codes and transmit them to the control unit 5, receive, process and display the digital echo information transmitted by the receiver 4, and generate antenna control signals and transmit them to the antenna driver 2 to control the antenna rotation and scanning.

[0045] The transceiver switch 7 is connected to the antenna 1, transmitter 3 and receiver 4 via waveguides, respectively, and is used to separate the radio frequency signals transmitted in the transmission channel and the reception channel, while protecting the receiver 4 from being burned out by high-power radio frequency signals.

[0046] The power module 8 is connected to the antenna driver 2, transmitter 3, receiver 4, control unit 5, signal processing unit 6 and transceiver switch 7 respectively, and is used to convert the fixed voltage provided by the carrier into the power supply voltage required by the carrier to power it.

[0047] Reference Figure 2 The transmitter 3 includes: a modulator 31, a transformer 32, and a magnetron 33, wherein:

[0048] The modulator 31 is used to receive the transmission excitation signal sent by the control unit 5 and generate a high-power pulse to transmit to the transformer 32.

[0049] The transformer 32 is used to convert the high-power pulse generated by the modulator from low voltage to high voltage before transmitting it to the magnetron 33.

[0050] The magnetron 33 is used to convert the high-voltage pulse into a high-power radio frequency signal, which is then transmitted to the antenna 1 via the transceiver switch 7.

[0051] Reference Figure 3 The receiver 4 includes: a radio frequency module 41, an intermediate frequency module 42, and a radar sampling module 43, wherein:

[0052] The radio frequency module 41 is used to amplify the radio frequency signal transmitted from the antenna 1 through the transceiver switch 7, and then convert it into an intermediate frequency signal after mixing and filtering, which is then transmitted to the intermediate frequency module 42. The local oscillator frequency used during mixing is finely adjusted by the frequency adaptive adjustment signal transmitted from the radar sampling module 43, so that the output intermediate frequency signal is stabilized at a fixed frequency.

[0053] The intermediate frequency module 42 is used to further amplify the intermediate frequency signal transmitted by the radio frequency module 41 to obtain an analog signal based on the gain control voltage transmitted from the control unit 5 and the noise power indication signal transmitted from the radar sampling module 43, and then transmit it to the radar sampling module 43.

[0054] The radar sampling module 43 is used to compare the analog signal transmitted by the intermediate frequency module 42 with the quantization threshold to obtain a quantized digital signal, which is then transmitted to the signal processing unit 6. It also compares the analog signal transmitted by the intermediate frequency module 42 with the local reference frequency to obtain a frequency adaptive adjustment signal, which is then transmitted to the radio frequency module 41. Finally, it performs noise sampling averaging on the analog signal transmitted by the intermediate frequency module 42 to obtain a noise power indication signal, which is then returned to the intermediate frequency module 42.

[0055] Reference Figure 4 The control unit 5 includes a status decoding module 51, a transmission signal excitation module 52, and a front-end gain control module 53. The status decoding module 51 receives radar control codes transmitted by the signal processing unit 6 to generate two control signals. One signal controls the transmission signal excitation module 52 to generate a transmission excitation signal that is transmitted to the transmitter 3. The other signal controls the front-end gain control module 53 to generate a corresponding gain control voltage that is transmitted to the receiver 4.

[0056] Reference Figure 5 The signal processing unit 6 is implemented using an FPGA and a microprocessor, and includes: an AFDX interface control module 61, a radar control module 62, a radar timing module 63, an echo processing module 64, a radar operating mode response module 65, a radar echo display module 66, and a beacon decoding module 67, wherein:

[0057] The AFDX interface control module 61 is used to configure and control the AFDX interface. During reception, it receives control commands, operations, and current aircraft status information from the external radar interface, converts them into radar operating mode flags used internally by the radar, and sends them to the radar control module 62, echo processing module 64, and radar operating mode response module 65, respectively. During transmission, the AFDX interface control module 61 packages the radar configuration information, operating status, and detected beacon information generated by the radar control module 62, echo processing module 64, and radar operating mode response module 65 into AFDX data packets, and sends them out through the AFDX interface to report the radar status.

[0058] The radar control module 62 controls the radar to switch working modes according to the radar working mode flag, and generates radar control code, and transmits the radar control code to the radar timing module 63 and the echo processing module 64 to control their working status.

[0059] The radar timing module 63 generates timing signals and clock signals required for various radar operating modes during radar operation based on the radar operating mode flag and radar control code.

[0060] The echo processing module 64 is used to receive digital echo information from the receiver 4, and to perform filtering, accumulation and clutter suppression processing on the radar echo according to the radar operating mode flag and radar control code to obtain radar echo information. This echo information is transmitted to the radar echo display module 66. When the radar operating mode flag is beacon or beacon composite, the radar echo is processed and identified simultaneously with the radar echo information to obtain beacon position feature data. This beacon position feature data is transmitted to the beacon decoding module 67.

[0061] The radar operating mode response module 65 identifies the current radar operating mode according to the radar operating mode flag, and controls the radar echo display module 66 to display the radar echo information in different ways. When the radar operating mode flag is a beacon or a beacon composite, the beacon decoding module 67 is controlled to decode and display the beacon position feature data.

[0062] Reference Figure 6 The AFDX interface control module 61 includes an Ethernet bus physical layer parsing module 611, a DC / DC voltage conversion module 612, an AFDX protocol upper layer control module 613, and a status information conversion module 614. Wherein:

[0063] The Ethernet bus physical layer parsing module 611 is mainly composed of a circuit with a PHY chip as its core. It is used to realize the physical layer function of Ethernet communication, convert the differential analog signal of the network cable into a digital signal, and is responsible for signal transmission and reception.

[0064] The DC / DC voltage conversion module 612 is mainly composed of a circuit with a level switching chip as its core. It is used to adjust the voltage and enhance the signal to improve the integrity of the signal transmission, while providing electrical isolation for the PHY chip.

[0065] The AFDX protocol upper layer control module 613 is used to unpack and parse the digital signal converted by the Ethernet bus physical layer parsing module 611 according to the AFDX protocol, extract the data information, and send it to the status information conversion module 614. The radar information sent by the status information conversion module 614 is encapsulated. After encapsulation, the data packet is sent to the Ethernet bus physical layer parsing module 611 for data transmission.

[0066] The state information conversion module 614 is used to convert the AFDX data extracted by the AFDX protocol upper layer control module 613 into the radar working mode flag used inside the radar, and to comprehensively convert the radar state information into AFDX data packets and send them to the AFDX protocol upper layer control module 613.

[0067] The aforementioned AFDX interface control module 61, radar control module 62, radar timing module 63, and echo processing module 64 are implemented using a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The radar operating mode response module 65, radar echo display module 66, and beacon decoding module 67 are located in the microprocessor. The Ethernet bus physical layer parsing module 611 and DC / DC voltage conversion module 612 are implemented using hardware circuits.

[0068] Reference Figure 7 The antenna driver 2 includes: a drive motor module 21 and a control feedback module 22, wherein:

[0069] The drive motor module 21 mainly consists of a motor 211 and an angle sensor 212. The motor 211 is mounted on the base of the antenna driver 2 and drives the mechanical rotating part of the antenna driver to rotate through gear transmission, so that the antenna mounted on it can perform azimuth scanning and pitch adjustment. The angle sensor 212 is mounted on the antenna rotation shaft and is used to convert the antenna rotation angle into an antenna angle feedback signal and transmit it to the control feedback module 22.

[0070] The control feedback module 22 is used to receive the antenna control signal sent by the signal processing unit 6, and at the same time receive the antenna angle feedback signal transmitted by the angle sensor 212. By combining the two signals, a motor drive signal is generated and transmitted to the motor 211 to control its rotation.

[0071] The above description is merely a specific example of this utility model and does not constitute any limitation on this utility model. Obviously, those skilled in the art, after understanding the content and principle of this utility model, may make various modifications and changes in form and details without departing from the principle and structure of this utility model. However, these modifications and changes based on the concept of this utility model are still within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. An airborne weather radar based on AFDX interface control, comprising an antenna (1), an antenna driver (2), a transmitter (3), a receiver (4), a control unit (5), a signal processing unit (6), and a power supply module (8), characterized in that: The signal processing unit (6) includes: AFDX interface control module (61), radar control module (62), radar timing module (63), echo processing module (64), radar working mode response module (65), radar echo display module (66) and beacon decoding module (67). The AFDX interface control module (61) receives radar external interface control commands, operations and current aircraft status information through the external AFDX interface, and converts them into radar working mode flags used inside the radar, which are then sent to the radar control module (62), radar timing module (63), echo processing module (64) and radar working mode response module (65), respectively. The radar control module (62) is used to generate radar control codes and transmit them to the radar timing module (63) and the echo processing module (64) and control their working status. The radar timing module (63) is used to generate the timing signals and clock signals required by the radar control module (62) and echo processing module (64) during radar operation; The echo processing module (64) is used to receive and process the digital echo information in the receiver (4) to obtain radar echo information and beacon position feature data, and transmit the echo information to the radar echo display module (66). When the radar working mode is marked as beacon or beacon composite, the beacon position feature data is transmitted to the beacon decoding module (67). The radar control module (62), radar timing module (63), and echo processing module (64) are all implemented using a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The radar operating mode response module (65), radar echo display module (66), and beacon decoding module (67) are all located in the microprocessor.

2. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The AFDX interface control module (61) includes: an Ethernet bus physical layer parsing submodule (611), a DC / DC voltage conversion submodule (612), an AFDX protocol upper layer control submodule (613), and a status information conversion submodule (614). The Ethernet bus physical layer parsing submodule (611) is mainly composed of a circuit with a PHY chip as its core. It is used to implement the physical layer function of Ethernet communication, convert the differential analog signal of the network cable into a digital signal, and is responsible for signal transmission and reception. The DC / DC voltage conversion submodule (612) is mainly composed of a circuit with a level conversion chip as its core. It is used to perform voltage adjustment and signal enhancement, improve the integrity of signal transmission, and provide electrical isolation for the PHY chip. The upper-layer control submodule (613) of the AFDX protocol is used to unpack and parse the digital signal converted by the Ethernet bus physical layer parsing submodule (611) according to the AFDX protocol, extract the data information, send it to the status information conversion submodule (614), and encapsulate the radar information sent by the status information conversion submodule (614) before sending the data packet to the Ethernet bus physical layer parsing submodule (611) for data transmission. The status information conversion submodule (614) is used to convert the AFDX data extracted by the AFDX protocol upper layer control submodule (613) into the radar working mode flag used inside the radar, and to convert the radar status information into AFDX data packets and send them to the AFDX protocol upper layer control submodule (613). The upper-layer control submodule (613) and the state information conversion submodule (614) of the AFDX protocol are both implemented through a field-programmable gate array (FPGA).

3. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna (1) is mounted on the antenna driver (2), and the antenna driver (2) is connected to the signal processing unit (6) by a cable.

4. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit (5) includes: a status decoding module (51), a transmission signal excitation module (52), and a front-end gain control module (53); the status decoding module (51) receives the radar control code transmitted by the signal processing unit (6) to generate two control signals, one of which controls the transmission signal excitation module (52) to generate a transmission excitation signal to be transmitted to the transmitter (3), and the other of which controls the front-end gain control module (53) to generate a corresponding gain control voltage to be transmitted to the receiver (4).

5. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiver (4) includes: a radio frequency module (41), an intermediate frequency module (42), and a radar sampling module (43). The radio frequency module (41) is used to amplify the radio frequency signal transmitted from the antenna (1), and then convert it into an intermediate frequency signal through mixing and filtering and transmit it to the intermediate frequency module (42). The intermediate frequency module (42) is used to further amplify the intermediate frequency signal transmitted by the radio frequency module (41) to obtain an analog signal based on the gain control voltage received from the control unit (5) and the noise power indication signal received from the radar sampling module (43), and then transmit it to the radar sampling module (43). The radar sampling module (43) is used to compare the analog signal transmitted by the intermediate frequency module (42) with the quantization threshold to obtain a quantized digital signal that is transmitted to the signal processing unit (6); and to compare the analog signal transmitted by the intermediate frequency module (42) with the local reference frequency to obtain a frequency adaptive adjustment signal that is transmitted to the radio frequency module (41) so that the output intermediate frequency signal is stabilized at a fixed frequency; and then the analog signal transmitted by the intermediate frequency module (42) is subjected to noise sampling and averaging to obtain a noise power indication signal that is returned to the intermediate frequency module (42).

6. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmitter (3) includes: a modulator (31), a transformer (32) and a magnetron (33); The modulator (31) is used to receive the transmission excitation signal sent by the control unit (5) and generate a high-power pulse to transmit to the transformer (32). The transformer (32) is used to convert the high-power pulse generated by the modulator from low voltage to high voltage and then transmit it to the magnetron (33). The magnetron (33) is used to convert high-voltage pulses into high-power radio frequency signals and transmit them to the antenna (1).

7. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna driver (2) includes: a drive motor module (21) and a control feedback module (22); The drive motor module (21) mainly consists of a motor (211) and an angle sensor (212). The motor (211) is mounted on the base of the antenna driver (2) and drives the mechanical rotating part of the antenna driver to rotate through gear transmission, so that the antenna mounted on it can perform azimuth scanning and pitch adjustment. The angle sensor (212) is mounted on the antenna rotation shaft and is used to convert the antenna rotation angle into an antenna angle feedback signal and transmit it to the control feedback module (22). The control feedback module (22) is used to receive the antenna control signal sent by the signal processing unit (6) and the antenna angle feedback signal sent by the angle sensor (212). By combining the two signals, a motor drive signal is generated and transmitted to the motor (211) to control its rotation.

8. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna (1) is a planar slotted antenna, which is used to radiate the high-power radio frequency signal transmitted from the transmitter (3) in a directional manner and to receive the radio frequency signal reflected back from the target and transmit it to the receiver (4).

9. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module (8), which is connected to the antenna driver (2), transmitter (3), receiver (4), control unit (5), signal processing unit (6) and transceiver switch (7), is used to convert the fixed voltage provided by the carrier into the power supply voltage required by it.

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