Fire blanket and fire extinguishing device for biosafety laboratory

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fire blanket and a fire extinguishing device for a biosafety laboratory. The fire blanket comprises a flame-retardant layer, a fixing part and a reagent layer, the fixing part is arranged on the flame-retardant layer; the reagent layer is arranged on the first surface of the flame-retardant layer, and the fixing part is used for fixing the position of the flame-retardant layer when the reagent layer covers the fire area; wherein the reagent layer comprises an absorption layer and an anti-permeation layer, the anti-permeation layer is located between the absorption layer and the flame-retardant layer, and the absorption layer is used for absorbing a reagent. When an experiment table, a wall and other objects are on fire, the fire blanket can be fixed to the periphery of a fire point or wrap the fire object through the fixing part, the effects of protecting instruments and equipment and slowing down the fire behavior are achieved, personnel can fight fire conveniently, the flame-retardant layer is resistant to high temperature and has good leakproofness, combustion can be restrained, and the fire extinguishing effect is good. The reagent layer composed of the absorption layer and the anti-permeation layer can rapidly absorb liquid such as reagents, prevent or slow down overflow of the reagents so as to slow down the fire behavior range or expand the speed, reduce generation of harmful aerosol and protect experimenters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of fire protection equipment technology, and in particular to a fire blanket and fire extinguishing device for use in biosafety laboratories. Background Technology

[0002] To prevent the leakage of pathogens, high-level biosafety laboratories have specially designed fire protection systems for their core protected areas, without automatic sprinkler systems or mechanical smoke extraction systems. When a fire becomes uncontrollable in the core protected area, the only way to extinguish it is often by shutting down ventilation valves and depleting the oxygen in the room. Therefore, rapid fire suppression is extremely important in the early stages of a fire.

[0003] For biosafety reasons, fire extinguishers should not be placed in protected areas. Extinguishing agents can affect experimental activities and equipment; for example, the emitted gases can disrupt directional airflow within the room, and foam and dry powder can significantly impact experimental materials and instruments. Ordinary fire blankets are insufficient for covering fires on irregular, three-dimensional surfaces like laboratory benches, or require continuous pressure from personnel around the blanket, making them extremely unusable in practice. Therefore, a suitable fire blanket for high-level biosafety laboratory protected areas is currently lacking. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a fire blanket for biosafety laboratories, which can solve the problem of fires caused by irregular three-dimensional objects such as laboratory tables and reagent cabinets, reduce the risk of accidental fires, and extinguish fires quickly in their early stages.

[0005] This application also proposes a fire extinguishing device that includes the fire blanket described above for use in biosafety laboratories.

[0006] A fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory according to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application includes:

[0007] Flame-retardant layer;

[0008] A fixing component is disposed on the flame-retardant layer;

[0009] A reagent layer is disposed on the first surface of the flame-retardant layer, and the fixing component is used to fix the position of the flame-retardant layer when the reagent layer covers the ignition zone;

[0010] The reagent layer includes an absorbent layer and an anti-permeability layer, wherein the anti-permeability layer is located between the absorbent layer and the flame-retardant layer, and the absorbent layer is used to absorb the reagent.

[0011] The fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory according to the first aspect of this application has at least the following beneficial effects: when a fire breaks out on a laboratory bench, wall, or other three-dimensional or irregular object, the fire blanket can be fixed around the fire point or wrapped around the burning object by fixing components, thereby protecting the equipment, slowing down the fire, and facilitating firefighting. The flame-retardant layer is heat-resistant and has good airtightness, which can inhibit combustion. The reagent layer, composed of an absorbent layer and an anti-permeability layer, can quickly absorb reagents and other liquids, prevent or slow down reagent overflow to slow down the fire's spread or expansion, reduce the generation of harmful aerosols, and protect laboratory personnel.

[0012] According to a first aspect embodiment of the present application, a fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory, wherein the fixing component includes an adhesive layer disposed on the first surface and located on the outer periphery of the reagent layer.

[0013] According to a first aspect embodiment of the present application, a fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory, wherein the fixing component includes a strap disposed on a second surface of the flame-retardant layer opposite to the first surface.

[0014] According to the first aspect of this application, the fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory has an adhesive layer made of acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0015] According to the first aspect of the present application, a fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory includes a reagent layer comprising a protective layer disposed on the absorbent layer such that the absorbent layer is located between the protective layer and the impermeable layer, the protective layer dividing the absorbent layer into multiple regions.

[0016] According to the first aspect of the embodiment of this application, the fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory has an absorbent layer with a thickness of less than 5 mm.

[0017] And / or the absorbent layer is made of wood pulp and polyester fiber, or of superabsorbent polymer particles and oil-absorbing resin.

[0018] According to the fire extinguishing blanket of the first aspect of this application, the thickness of the protective layer is less than 1 mm;

[0019] And / or the protective layer is made of polyester.

[0020] According to the first aspect of the embodiment of this application, the fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory is wherein the absorbent layer and the flame-retardant layer are connected by a dispensing bonding method.

[0021] According to the first aspect of the embodiment of this application, the fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory is made of at least one heat-resistant material;

[0022] And / or at least one of the length or width dimensions of the flame-retardant layer is between 90cm and 150cm.

[0023] A fire extinguishing device according to a second aspect of this application includes: a fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory as described in a first aspect of this application.

[0024] It is easy to understand that the fire extinguishing device in the second aspect embodiment of this application has the same technical effect as the fire blanket for biosafety laboratories in the first aspect embodiment, and therefore will not be described again.

[0025] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] 100. Flame-retardant layer;

[0030] 200. Reagent layer; 210. Protective layer;

[0031] 310. Adhesive layer; 320. Binding strap. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0033] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0034] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "more than" means at least two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is for the purpose of distinguishing technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0035] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application after considering the specific content of the technical solution.

[0036] Biosafety laboratories with protection levels of 3 and 4 are considered high-level biosafety laboratories. To prevent the leakage of pathogenic microorganisms, the core area of ​​their protected zone requires a specially designed fire suppression system and should not be equipped with automatic sprinkler systems or mechanical smoke extraction systems. For ordinary biosafety laboratories and chemical laboratories, using fire blankets to extinguish fires in their initial stages maximizes the protection of instruments and materials. To address the fire suppression issues in the protected areas of high-level biosafety laboratories, and to provide auxiliary support for fire suppression in ordinary biosafety laboratories and chemical laboratories, this application aims to provide a fire blanket capable of extinguishing fires on irregular three-dimensional objects such as lab benches and reagent cabinets, reducing the risk of accidental fires, and rapidly extinguishing fires in their initial stages.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 The first aspect of this application describes a fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory, which is applied in a biosafety laboratory. The fire blanket includes a flame-retardant layer 100, a fixing component, and a reagent layer 200.

[0038] A fixing component is disposed on the flame-retardant layer 100; a reagent layer 200 is disposed on the first surface of the flame-retardant layer 100, and the fixing component is used to fix the position of the flame-retardant layer 100 when the reagent layer 200 covers the ignition zone; wherein, the reagent layer 200 includes an absorbent layer and an anti-permeability layer, the anti-permeability layer is located between the absorbent layer and the flame-retardant layer 100, and the absorbent layer is used to absorb the reagent.

[0039] Understandably, when fires break out on three-dimensional or irregular objects such as lab benches or walls, this fire blanket can be fixed around the fire or wrapped around the burning object using fixing components. This protects equipment, slows the spread of the fire, and facilitates firefighting efforts. The flame-retardant layer 100 is heat-resistant and has good sealing properties, which can inhibit combustion. The reagent layer 200, composed of an absorbent layer and an anti-permeability layer, can quickly absorb reagents and other liquids, preventing or slowing reagent overflow to reduce the fire's spread or rate of expansion, reduce the generation of harmful aerosols, and protect laboratory personnel.

[0040] It should be understood that the fixing components consist of adhesive joints and straps. These fixing components exhibit a certain degree of stability at high temperatures (600 degrees Celsius and above).

[0041] In some embodiments of this application, the fixing component includes an adhesive layer 310, which is disposed on the first surface and located on the outer periphery of the reagent layer 200. It is understood that the adhesive joint should preferably be a certain distance from the outermost edge of the flame-retardant layer 100, and the main material is acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive. In the non-operating state, the fire blankets are bonded together through the adhesive joint, and their adhesive strength allows for easy tearing; alternatively, the fire blankets may not be bonded through the adhesive joint, and a non-adhesive plastic protective layer 210 may be present on the outside of the adhesive joint to protect the inner adhesive material. When needed, the plastic protective layer 210 can be quickly peeled off to utilize the adhesive function of the adhesive joint. The adhesive joints can be arranged continuously or intermittently.

[0042] In some embodiments, the adhesive layer 310 is made of acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive. It is understood that the main components of acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive include acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, acrylates, etc. This adhesive has the following characteristics: pressure sensitivity; acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive has pressure-sensitive properties, meaning it can adhere to various surfaces under slight pressure and leaves no residue upon removal; good adhesion; it has good adhesion to various materials such as paper, plastics, and metals; environmental friendliness; acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive is relatively environmentally friendly, has less impact on human health, and has a mild odor; reusability: it can be re-attached after peeling, maintaining a certain degree of adhesion, thanks to the properties of acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive. Acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive can be solvent-free, does not cause environmental pollution, and has high production efficiency. Due to its unique properties, acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive can adapt to various material surfaces and can be reused repeatedly in a short period of time, making it an ideal adhesive material.

[0043] In some embodiments of this application, the fixing component includes a strap 320, which is disposed on a second surface of the flame-retardant layer 100 opposite to the first surface. It is understood that when an organic reagent or other substance ignites, the absorbent layer faces the ignition point, and one side of the adhesive is adhered at an appropriate distance from the ignition point, so that when covering, the ignition point is as close as possible to the center of the fire blanket, fully utilizing the absorbent layer's function and reducing the possibility of reagent spillage. The fire blanket is then gently lowered to make close contact with the ignition point. After placing the fire blanket, the outer adhesive area can be pressed to stably cover the ignition point while reducing the possibility of reagent spillage.

[0044] In some embodiments, the fire blanket can be unfolded and folded backwards for use, to accommodate situations where there are many instruments and items around the fire point or a small surface area, in which case three sides can be glued on. Furthermore, when people are extinguishing a fire inside the room, the absorbent layer can be soaked in water, and then, with that layer facing outwards, the fire blanket can be secured to the surface of the person or instrument using the straps.

[0045] It should be understood that the reagent layer 200 consists of a high-temperature resistant plastic impermeable layer, an absorbent layer composed of wood pulp and polyester fiber, and a flame-retardant polyester protective layer 210. The absorbent layer can absorb water, liquids miscible with water, and liquids insoluble in water, such as water, ethanol, acetone, and other commonly used laboratory reagents. The impermeable layer can prevent liquid penetration at certain high temperatures, and the protective layer 210 can separate the absorbent layer.

[0046] It is understandable that high-temperature resistant plastics mainly refer to polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). These materials are non-flammable and have excellent chemical resistance and high-temperature resistance.

[0047] In some embodiments of this application, the reagent layer 200 includes a protective layer 210 disposed on the absorbent layer, such that the absorbent layer is located between the protective layer 210 and the impermeable layer. The protective layer 210 serves to divide the absorbent layer into multiple regions. It is understood that liquid can easily permeate through the protective layer 210 into the absorbent layer. The protective layer 210 serves two purposes: firstly, it provides thermal insulation to protect the absorbent layer; secondly, it divides the absorbent layer, preventing the fire from spreading to the entire layer in the event of a localized fire.

[0048] In some embodiments, the thickness of the absorbent layer is less than 5 mm, and the thickness is controlled to make the fire blanket structure design reasonable while meeting the requirements of the absorbent reagent.

[0049] It is understood that the absorbent layer is composed of woven or combined water-absorbing or oil-absorbing materials, such as wood pulp and polyester fiber woven into a material that simultaneously absorbs water and oil, or the two materials layered together; it can also be composed of water-absorbing and oil-absorbing granular materials, such as superabsorbent polymers or oil-absorbing resins, encapsulated and fixed by non-combustible materials to form the absorbent layer. The absorbent layer should be able to absorb or stabilize at least 200ml of reagent (water, organic reagents, etc., single or mixed), meaning that without compression or impact, under a certain high combustion temperature, it should not permeate 100% of the flame-retardant layer or overflow outside the fire blanket. In some embodiments, the absorbent layer can be a woven fabric. In other embodiments, the absorbent layer can be a non-woven fabric. In still other embodiments, the absorbent layer can be a powder.

[0050] In the first embodiment of this application, the absorbent layer is made of wood pulp and polyester fiber. It can be understood that the wood pulp is mainly virgin wood pulp fiber: virgin wood pulp fiber is a high-molecular-weight cellulose substance extracted from wood, possessing large fiber gaps and abundant hydrophilic groups. These characteristics give wood pulp fiber excellent water absorption performance. Fluff pulp: Fluff pulp is a good liquid-absorbing wood pulp. It has super-strong liquid absorption performance when coated with superabsorbent polymer (SAP), and its structure remains unchanged after absorbing liquid. The main performance requirements of fluff pulp include high absorption capacity, fast absorption speed, and high bulkiness. Hardwood pulp: Hardwood pulp fibers are relatively short and coarse, containing more impurities. This results in paper made from hardwood pulp having relatively low strength and a looser texture, but it has strong water absorption and high opacity. Wood pulp cotton: Wood pulp cotton is a material made from wood pulp fibers, characterized by softness, strong water absorption, and good air permeability.

[0051] In the second embodiment of this application, the absorbent layer is made of superabsorbent polymer particles and oil-absorbing resin. It is understood that the fire blanket structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, the difference being that the absorbent material in the absorbent layer is composed of superabsorbent polymer particles and oil-absorbing resin.

[0052] It is understandable that superabsorbent polymer (SAP) particles, mainly composed of sodium polyacrylate, are a novel functional polymer material with super absorbent and water-retaining properties. They contain a large number of ionic groups, which ionize in water to form charged ions that attract the polar parts of water molecules, thus promoting the entry of water molecules into the polymer structure. Their characteristics include: ultra-high water absorption capacity, capable of absorbing hundreds or even thousands of times its own weight in water; excellent water retention: after absorbing water and swelling into a gel state, water is difficult to lose even under pressure; strong chemical stability, maintaining stable water absorption under different acid and alkaline conditions, suitable for various complex environments; environmentally friendly and safe, containing no toxic substances, and applicable in areas where it comes into contact with the human body. Oil-absorbing resin is a novel functional polymer material with unique oil-absorbing properties, widely used in oil-water separation and oil recovery. Oil-absorbing resin achieves its oil-absorbing purpose through van der Waals forces generated between the lipophilic groups and oil molecules; its oil-absorbing mechanism is the solvation process of the polymer chain segments. Compared to traditional oil-absorbing materials, oil-absorbing resins have higher oil absorption rates, better oil retention capabilities, and stronger oil-water selectivity. With increasing emphasis on environmental protection, environmentally friendly oil-absorbing materials have attracted widespread attention, such as polylactic acid (PLA) based on natural materials, straw, kapok fiber, grapefruit peel, and chitosan. Oil-absorbing resins can absorb reagents such as acetone.

[0053] In some embodiments, the thickness of the protective layer 210 is less than 1 mm, and the thickness is controlled to make the fire blanket structure design reasonable while meeting the requirements of the protective absorption layer.

[0054] In some embodiments of this application, the protective layer 210 is made of polyester. It is understood that polyester fiber, also known as polyester, is a synthetic fiber obtained by spinning polyester, which is a polymer formed by the condensation of organic diacids and diols. It possesses high strength: polyester fiber has high tensile strength and elastic modulus, meaning it is not easily broken under external force and can maintain good shape stability; high modulus: polyester fiber has a high modulus, meaning it is not easily deformed under stress and can maintain good dimensional stability; good flame retardant properties: polyester fiber fabric has excellent flame retardancy, with a melting point temperature >258℃ and an ignition point temperature >556℃. Genuine polyester fiber fabric will retain internal glass fiber skeleton after burning, so it will not deform, while ordinary fabric leaves no residue after burning; corrosion resistance: polyester fiber can resist the erosion of various chemicals, extending its service life; easy dyeing: polyester fiber can accept various dyeing processes, resulting in a rich variety of colors.

[0055] In some embodiments of this application, the absorbent layer and the flame retardant layer 100 are connected by a dispensing composite method, which results in a better connection effect.

[0056] In some embodiments of this application, the flame retardant layer 100 is made of at least one heat-resistant material; in some embodiments, the flame retardant layer 100 is made of at least one of heat-resistant materials such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, and silicone.

[0057] It is understandable that glass fiber's main component is glass, typically made by melting raw materials such as quartz sand, limestone, dolomite, and boric acid at high temperatures and then drawing them into fine filaments using a high-speed drawing process. Its characteristics include: high strength (glass fiber has very high tensile strength, more than twice that of steel fiber of the same diameter); lightweight (glass fiber's density is about one-quarter that of steel, making it very lightweight); corrosion resistance (glass fiber has good corrosion resistance to most chemical media and is not easily corroded); heat resistance (glass fiber has good heat resistance and can be used in high-temperature environments); and non-combustible (glass fiber is non-combustible and flame-retardant, but it will gradually lose strength when exposed to high temperatures for a long time). These physical and chemical properties make glass fiber an excellent flame-retardant material.

[0058] It is understandable that carbon fiber, also known as carbon fiber (CF), is an inorganic high-performance fiber material with excellent properties. The characteristics of carbon fiber include: lightweight and high strength; its density is approximately 1 / 4 that of steel and 1 / 2 that of aluminum alloy, but its tensile strength exceeds 3500 MPa, and its specific strength is 10 times that of steel; high modulus; its elastic modulus is above 230 GPa, exhibiting excellent elasticity; high temperature resistance; it can be used at 2000℃ in non-oxidizing atmospheres; low temperature resistance; it retains elasticity even at -180℃; corrosion resistance; it is resistant to acids, oils, and corrosion, and has high durability; low coefficient of thermal expansion; high thermal conductivity; it is resistant to rapid heating and cooling, and will not crack even if suddenly cooled from 3000℃ to room temperature; good wear resistance; it shows little wear when rubbing against metals; and good electrical conductivity. Carbon fiber's particularly excellent high-temperature resistance makes it an ideal flame-retardant material. Due to its excellent conductivity, it should be used in conjunction with a silicone coating to prevent fires involving laboratory electrical appliances.

[0059] Understandably, silicone is best used in conjunction with materials such as glass fiber and carbon fiber. Taking glass fiber as an example, the flame-retardant layer 100 uses glass fiber as the main raw material, coated with a double layer of silicone. This silicone coating gives the fire blanket a soft, smooth feel, preventing prickliness and skin irritation, while also improving its fire resistance and airtightness. Compared to glass fiber alone, the combined material flame-retardant layer 100 is also environmentally friendly, non-toxic, soft, and lightweight. The silicone coating enhances the flame-retardant and heat-insulating effects, and theoretically, it can be reused when undamaged and free of oil stains, increasing its lifespan.

[0060] In some embodiments of this application, at least one of the length or width dimensions of the flame-retardant layer 100 is between 90cm and 150cm, suitable for quick use by a single person.

[0061] In some embodiments, the flame-retardant layer 100 may be a non-woven fabric. The flame-retardant layer 100 is composed of a non-combustible material and at least meets the requirement of not burning or deforming at 600 degrees Celsius.

[0062] The fire extinguishing device of the second aspect of this application may be a fire-fighting device used in conjunction with other fire extinguishing equipment, and the fire extinguishing device may include the fire blanket for biosafety laboratories of the first aspect of this application.

[0063] It is easy to understand that the fire extinguishing device in the second aspect embodiment of this application has the same technical effect as the fire blanket for biosafety laboratories in the first aspect embodiment, and therefore will not be described again.

[0064] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0065] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this application.

Claims

1. A fire blanket for use in biosafety laboratories, characterized in that, include: Flame-retardant layer; A fixing component is disposed on the flame-retardant layer; A reagent layer is disposed on the first surface of the flame-retardant layer, and the fixing component is used to fix the position of the flame-retardant layer when the reagent layer covers the ignition zone; The reagent layer includes an absorbent layer and an anti-permeability layer, wherein the anti-permeability layer is located between the absorbent layer and the flame-retardant layer, and the absorbent layer is used to absorb the reagent.

2. The fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing component includes an adhesive layer disposed on the first surface and located on the outer periphery of the reagent layer.

3. The fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The fixing component includes a strap disposed on a second surface of the flame-retardant layer opposite to the first surface.

4. The fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adhesive layer is made of acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive.

5. The fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reagent layer includes a protective layer disposed on the absorbent layer such that the absorbent layer is located between the protective layer and the impermeable layer, and the protective layer is used to divide the absorbent layer into multiple regions.

6. The fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the absorbent layer is less than 5 mm; And / or the absorbent layer is made of wood pulp and polyester fiber, or of superabsorbent polymer particles and oil-absorbing resin.

7. The fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the protective layer is less than 1 mm; And / or the protective layer is made of polyester.

8. The fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The absorbent layer and the flame-retardant layer are connected by adhesive bonding.

9. The fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame-retardant layer is made of at least one heat-resistant material; And / or at least one of the length or width dimensions of the flame-retardant layer is between 90cm and 150cm.

10. A fire extinguishing device, characterized in that, include: The fire blanket for a biosafety laboratory as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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