End cover hoisting structure of shell-and-tube heat exchanger

Abstract

The utility model discloses an end cover hoisting structure of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The end cover hoisting structure comprises a support frame and a cross rod, the supporting frames are used in pairs in a combined mode, and each supporting frame is of a right triangle support structure and is provided with a vertical edge and a horizontal edge. The lower portion of each vertical edge is provided with an extending section, a hoisting part is formed on each extending section, and the two supporting frames used in pairs are assembled and connected with hoisting points on the two sides of the end cover of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger through fasteners at the hoisting position. The transverse rod and the two supporting frames are assembled and fixed at the horizontal edge position, the two assembled supporting frames are kept parallel, and the transverse rod is perpendicular to the corresponding assembling plane of the two supporting frames. Meanwhile, a hoisting position used for assembling a hoisting structure is further arranged on the transverse rod. According to the utility model, not only is the working efficiency improved, but also the operation risk is obviously reduced, and the application prospect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of operating equipment for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) engineering, and specifically to a hoisting structure for the end cover of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] Shell-and-tube heat exchangers, also known as tubular heat exchangers, are a type of indirect heat exchanger. Their core function is to utilize the walls of a tube bundle enclosed within a cylindrical shell as the heat transfer medium. The heat exchanger mainly consists of key components such as the shell, heat transfer tube bundle, tube sheet, baffles, and end caps. Within the tube bundle, one fluid flows inside the tubes, called the tube-side fluid; the other fluid flows outside the tubes, called the shell-side fluid. Through the temperature difference between the tube-side and shell-side fluids, heat is transferred from the high-temperature fluid to the low-temperature fluid through the tube walls, thus completing the heat exchange process. Due to their high efficiency and reliability, this type of heat exchanger is widely used in various fields such as thermal power, mining, petrochemicals, urban district heating, food and pharmaceuticals, energy electronics, and light industry.

[0003] During long-term operation, various impurities and fouling gradually accumulate inside the tube bundles of heat exchangers, significantly reducing their heat exchange efficiency. Therefore, to ensure efficient and stable operation, periodic disassembly of the end caps for tube bundle cleaning is an indispensable maintenance measure. This maintenance requires disassembling the end caps on the outer end face of the shell (typically a horizontal cylindrical shape). In existing technology, the typical end cap structure of large heat exchangers is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, their large size and weight, typically exceeding one ton, pose a significant challenge to operators when disassembling the end caps. Traditional hoisting methods often require multiple people working together, usually relying on expansion bolts fixed to the floor slab or using a mobile gantry crane for assistance. These methods are not only cumbersome but also prone to instability and operational difficulties during hoisting, increasing the difficulty and safety risks of the operation.

[0004] Therefore, designing a safe, convenient, flexible, and stable hoisting device is crucial. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem solved by this utility model is to provide a shell-and-tube heat exchanger end cover hoisting structure, which can be used to solve the defects in the above-mentioned technical background.

[0006] The technical problem solved by this utility model is achieved by the following technical solution:

[0007] A shell-and-tube heat exchanger end cover hoisting structure includes a support frame and crossbars;

[0008] The support frames are used in pairs. Each support frame is a right-angled triangular bracket structure with a vertical side and a horizontal side. The vertical side has an extension section at the bottom, and a lifting part is formed on the extension section. The two support frames used in pairs are assembled and connected to the lifting points on both sides of the end cover of the shell and tube heat exchanger at the lifting position by fasteners.

[0009] The crossbar is assembled and fixed to the two support frames at the horizontal edge position. The two support frames remain parallel after assembly, while the crossbar is perpendicular to the corresponding assembly plane of the two support frames. At the same time, the crossbar is also provided with a hoisting position for assembling the hoisting structure.

[0010] As a further limitation, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger end cover is also formed with a lifting lug as an auxiliary connection structure on the lower inner side of the lifting point, and the support frame is suspended and connected to the lifting lug by a steel cable hook that can be tightened at the lifting position.

[0011] As a further limitation, the support frame is formed by welding square and rectangular tubes, and the crossbar is also obtained by cutting square and rectangular tubes to a fixed length.

[0012] As a further definition, the fastener is a pin fastener, a threaded fastener, or a snap fastener.

[0013] As a further limitation, the support frame is lined with steel gaskets at the hoisting position as a protective structure.

[0014] As a further limitation, when the crossbar is assembled on the horizontal side of the two support frames, there are multiple corresponding assembly positions, and the multiple assembly positions are spaced apart along the length direction of the horizontal side of the support frame to accommodate the hoisting requirements of end caps of different weights.

[0015] As a further limitation, the support frame is also provided with a limiter on the horizontal side. The limiter is a clamp that matches the cross section of the crossbar. The clamp is fixedly connected to the horizontal side on both sides as a whole.

[0016] The clamp and the horizontal side are respectively formed with mounting holes that are formed vertically and horizontally, and there are multiple mounting holes along the length of the horizontal side; while the crossbar is formed with matching through holes.

[0017] During assembly, after the crossbar is aligned with the assembly hole, it is inserted from one side of the clamp. After insertion, bolts are inserted and tightened at the assembly hole / through hole positions in the overlapping state to achieve a stable connection between the crossbar and the support frame.

[0018] As a further limitation, the hoisting structure at the hoisting position is a hook, which is a movable assembly structure that can be adjusted in position along the length of the crossbar.

[0019] As a further limitation, the support frame has an auxiliary connecting rod assembly position reserved on the vertical side below the corresponding lifting point position. The structural stability between the two support frames is improved by assembling auxiliary connecting rods at the auxiliary connecting rod assembly positions of the two support frames.

[0020] Beneficial Effects: This utility model's shell-and-tube heat exchanger end cover hoisting structure is an innovative improvement upon traditional hoisting methods. The connection between the support frame and the end cover is simple and stable, facilitating quick assembly and disassembly by operators. Simultaneously, the use of paired right-angled triangular support structures effectively distributes the weight of the end cover, reducing single-point stress and thus enhancing the stability and safety of the hoisting process. The vertical connection between the crossbar and the support frame ensures the stability of the hoisting process, avoiding dangers caused by an unstable center of gravity, and overcoming the shortcomings of traditional hoisting devices in terms of force uniformity, hoisting point positioning, and ease of movement.

[0021] This design ensures that the removal of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger end caps is safe, convenient, flexible, and smooth, significantly improving the efficiency of cleaning and maintaining the tube bundles. Furthermore, the multiple mounting positions on the crossbar allow the lifting structure to accommodate end caps of varying weights, expanding its applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a typical heat exchanger end cap structure.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a side view of the structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] The components include: 1. Lifting point; 2. Heat exchanger end cover; 3. Lifting lug; 4. Steel gasket; 5. Lifting fastening bolt; 6. Vertical side; 7. Horizontal side; 8. Limiter; 9. Hook; 10. Horizontal bar; 11. Assembly bolt; 12. Diagonal brace; 13. Bolt through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the following description, in conjunction with specific illustrations, further elaborates on this utility model.

[0027] See Figures 2-3 A preferred embodiment of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger end cover hoisting structure, in this embodiment, the hoisting structure is used for specific... Figure 1 The typical heat exchanger end cover structure shown is used for hoisting operations to clean and maintain the tube bundle after the heat exchanger end cover is hoisted open.

[0028] The hoisting structure in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it includes a support frame and a crossbar 10. The support frame and crossbar 10 are manufactured independently and can be managed and placed separately during transportation and storage. The support frame and crossbar 10 are used in combination, and the hoisting structure used in combination includes a pair of support frames and a crossbar 10.

[0029] The structural style of a single support frame is as follows Figure 3 The design includes vertical edge 6, horizontal edge 7, and diagonal brace 12. Vertical edge 6, horizontal edge 7, and diagonal brace 12 are all rectangular tubing, formed by welding. Figure 3 The diagram shows a right-angled triangle structure. The lower part of the vertical side 6 of this right-angled triangle structure has an extension section, on which bolt holes 13 are formed to serve as the assembly structure for the lifting part, used to connect with the lifting point holes 1 of the heat exchanger end cover 2. A limiter 8 is provided on the horizontal side 7 of the right-angled triangle structure. This limiter 8 is a clamp-type structure arranged along the length of the horizontal side 7, and the clamp-type structure is welded integrally to the upper surface of the horizontal side 7 on both sides.

[0030] The limiter 8 has multiple mounting positions along its length, which are used for assembly connection with the crossbar 10. Specifically, the limiter 8 has mounting holes formed vertically through it at corresponding positions along its length and on the horizontal side 7; the crossbar 10 is also obtained by cutting a rectangular tube to a fixed length to match the inner height of the limiter 8, and the crossbar 10 has matching through holes formed on both sides; during assembly, after the crossbar 10 matches the corresponding mounting holes, it is inserted from one side of the clamp, and after insertion, the mounting bolts 11 are inserted and tightened at the mounting holes / through holes in the overlapping state to achieve a stable connection between the crossbar 10 and the support frame.

[0031] The crossbar 10 has a lifting position formed on it, and a hook 9 is provided on the lifting position as a lifting structure. The hook 9 is designed to be detachable and can be adjusted in position along the length of the crossbar so as to be replaced under different lifting requirements.

[0032] In this embodiment, when the hoisting structure is used to hoist the heat exchanger end cover 2, the assembly pattern of the hoisting structure on the heat exchanger end cover 2 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown:

[0033] During hoisting, first use two support frames on both sides to assemble and connect the lifting points 1 of the heat exchanger end cover 2, ensuring a stable connection between the support frames and the heat exchanger end cover 2. During assembly, ordinary fastening bolts or expansion bolts can be used for tightening. If necessary, other fastening methods can be employed. Figure 2 The pattern shown uses a steel gasket 4 to enhance the stability of the connection.

[0034] In another embodiment, a lifting lug 3 can be provided on the outside of the heat exchanger end cover 2 as an auxiliary hanging and stabilizing structure. Specifically, the lifting lug 3 can be formed on the lower inner side of the lifting point to provide an additional connection point. The corresponding support frame is selected at the lifting position of the vertical side 6 and is connected to the lifting lug 3 by a steel cable hook that can be tightened.

[0035] Then, as Figure 2 , Figure 3 The configuration shown is achieved by assembling and fixing the crossbar 10 to the limiters 8 of the two support frames, ensuring that the two support frames remain parallel and the crossbar 10 is vertically connected to the support frames. On the crossbar 10, a suitable assembly position is selected as needed, and the crossbar 10 is fixed to the support frame using assembly bolts 11. This accommodates the lifting requirements of heat exchanger end caps 2 of varying weights, ensuring stability during the lifting operation by maintaining the stable center of gravity of the heat exchanger end cap 2.

[0036] After the crossbar 10 is assembled, select a suitable position to set the hook 9.

[0037] Before the hoisting operation begins, the operators should check that all connections are secure and that there is no looseness or damage. Using hoisting equipment (such as a crane, manual hoist, etc.) to lift the crossbar 10, the right-angled triangular structure of the support frame and the vertical connection of the crossbar 10 effectively distribute the weight of the heat exchanger end cover 2, reducing single-point stress and thus improving the safety and stability of the hoisting process.

[0038] After hoisting, operators can smoothly move the end cap to the designated location for subsequent cleaning and maintenance. Because the hoisting structure of this invention is simple in design and easy to operate, it greatly improves work efficiency while reducing operational risks and ensuring the safety of workers.

[0039] In another embodiment of this utility model, if the vertical side 6 of the support frame is relatively long, in order to further improve the stability of the vertical side 6 on the two support frames and prevent structural deformation, an auxiliary connecting rod assembly position can be reserved below the lifting point of the vertical side 6. By assembling auxiliary connecting rods at the auxiliary connecting rod assembly positions of the two support frames, the structural stability between the two support frames can be further improved. The auxiliary connecting rod can be a straight rod or an inclined rod, and an appropriate length and angle can be selected according to actual needs to ensure the stability and rigidity of the support frame during hoisting.

[0040] By combining the above-described structures, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger end cover hoisting structure of this invention not only improves the efficiency of hoisting operations but also significantly reduces the workload and safety risks for operators. In practical applications, this hoisting structure has proven effective in handling heat exchanger end covers of various sizes and weights, demonstrating excellent performance and reliability in both industrial production and maintenance. Furthermore, due to its flexible design, this hoisting structure can adapt to operational needs in different environments, such as in space-constrained locations. By reducing reliance on traditional hoisting equipment, the hoisting structure of this invention provides a more economical and efficient solution for heat exchanger end cover maintenance.

[0041] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the technical content of this utility model, those skilled in the art can make various alterations, modifications, and / or variations to this utility model, and all such equivalent forms also fall within the scope of protection defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A pipe shell heat exchanger end cover hoisting structure, characterized in that, The support frame and the crossbar are included; The support frame is used in pairs, and each support frame is a right triangle support structure having a vertical edge and a horizontal edge; the vertical edge has an extension section at the lower part, and a lifting part is formed on the extension section; two support frames used in pairs are assembled and connected with lifting points on both sides of the end cover of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger at the lifting position through fasteners respectively; The crossbar is assembled and fixed with the two support frames at the horizontal edge position, the two support frames remain parallel after assembly, and the crossbar is perpendicular to the corresponding assembly planes of the two support frames; meanwhile, a lifting position for assembling a lifting structure is also provided on the crossbar.

2. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger end cover hoisting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end cover of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is formed with a lifting lug as an auxiliary connecting structure inside the lower part of the lifting point, and the support frame is hung and connected with the lifting lug through a steel cable hook capable of tensioning operation at the lifting position.

3. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger end cover hoisting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame is integrally formed by welding a square tube, and the crossbar is also obtained by cutting a square tube to a fixed length.

4. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger end cover hoisting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fastener is a pin fastener, a threaded fastener or a buckle fastener.

5. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger end cover hoisting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame is lined with a steel gasket at the lifting position as a protection structure.

6. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger end cover hoisting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the crossbar is assembled on the horizontal edges of the two support frames, the corresponding assembly positions have multiple assembly positions, and the multiple assembly positions are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the horizontal edge of the support frame.

7. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger end cover hoisting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame is also provided with a limit stop on the horizontal edge, the limit stop is a clamping buckle matched with the cross section of the crossbar, and the clamping buckle is integrally connected with the horizontal edge at both sides; The corresponding positions of the clamping buckle and the horizontal edge are formed with assembly hole positions penetrating up and down, and multiple assembly hole positions are arranged along the length direction of the horizontal edge; and the crossbar is formed with matched through holes; During assembly, the crossbar is inserted from one side of the clamping buckle after matching the assembly hole positions, and after insertion, the bolt is inserted and tightened at the position of the assembly hole / through hole in the superimposed state, so that the stable connection of the crossbar and the support frame is realized.

8. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger end cover hoisting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting structure on the lifting position is a hook, and the hook is an active assembly structure capable of adjusting the position in the length direction of the crossbar.

9. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger end cover hoisting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame is provided with an auxiliary connecting rod assembly position at the lower part of the vertical edge corresponding to the lifting point position, and the structural stability between the two support frames is improved by assembling an auxiliary connecting rod on the auxiliary connecting rod assembly positions of the two support frames.

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