Simple instrument for measuring angle and gradient of mine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a simple mine angle and gradient measuring instrument, which belongs to the related technical field of mine measurement, and comprises a first base body and a second base body which are rotatably connected, and a main protractor is arranged on the first base body; a round bubble correction device is arranged at the main protractor; a first laser pen and a second laser pen are arranged in the middle of the first base body and the middle of the second base body respectively. A first reading base line and a second reading base line are respectively arranged on the first base body and the second base body; a first side protractor and a second side protractor are arranged in the middle of the first base body and the middle of the second base body respectively, and the first side protractor and the second side protractor are perpendicular to the direction of the main protractor. The utility model provides a simple instrument for measuring angle and gradient of a mine, the problem of larger azimuth measurement deviation caused by magnetic field change can be solved by using the protractor to measure the angle, and the problem of larger gradient measurement error caused by rope bending can be solved by measuring the laser rotation angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of mine surveying, specifically a simple instrument for measuring angles and slopes in mines. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, there are two main types of underground surveying tools used in small and medium-sized mines: total stations and suspended compasses, slope gauges, and ropes. For main development roadways with large cross-sections and gentle slopes, total stations are generally used to measure slope distance, vertical angle, and horizontal angle. The instrument can simultaneously calculate parameters such as horizontal distance, elevation difference, and coordinates, resulting in relatively high measurement accuracy. However, for preparatory roadways and mining roadways (chambers) with small cross-sections and steep slopes, setting up total stations and arranging measuring points is more difficult. Suspended compasses are used to determine magnetic direction angles, slope gauges to determine slopes, and ropes to measure lengths. Surveying technicians then calculate the horizontal distance, elevation difference, and coordinates, resulting in relatively lower measurement accuracy.

[0003] Metal mine deposits contain large amounts of metal, which can influence the Earth's magnetic field. Simultaneously, with the gradual promotion of mechanization in small and medium-sized mines, the support methods used in preparatory roadways and stopes are also changing, shifting from timber to metal materials. Both mechanized equipment and metal supports affect the Earth's magnetic field within a certain range around the roadway. A compass calculates the roadway's orientation by measuring the magnetic direction angle of the Earth's magnetic field. The impact of changes in the grade of the metal ore body, the density of the metal support, and the movement of mechanical equipment on the Earth's magnetic field at different locations within the roadway is not constant. In production practice, when using a compass to measure the magnetic direction angle in underground roadways with metal supports, the measurement deviation can reach 10°-20°. When measuring the roadway slope with a slope gauge, a rope connects the two measuring points, and the slope gauge is suspended on the taut rope. However, the weight of the slope gauge can cause the rope to bend, resulting in a certain deviation in the slope measurement.

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned technical and equipment deficiencies, this utility model, "A Simple Instrument for Measuring Angles and Slopes in Mines," aims to solve the technical problem of large deviations in azimuth and slope measurements. It is also compact, portable, and highly adaptable to underground environments. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the above problems, this utility model provides a simple instrument for measuring angles and slopes in mines, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A simple instrument for measuring angles and slopes in mines includes a first base and a second base that are rotatably connected. A main protractor is mounted on the first base. A circular bubble correction device is mounted on the main protractor. A first laser pointer and a second laser pointer are respectively mounted in the middle of the first base and the second base. A first reading baseline and a second reading baseline are respectively mounted on the first base and the second base. A first side protractor and a second side protractor are respectively mounted in the middle of the first base and the second base, and the first side protractor and the second side protractor are arranged perpendicular to the direction of the main protractor.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above scheme, a rotating base and a first pin hole are provided on the first base, and a rotating spindle and a second pin hole are provided on the second base, which are compatible with the rotating base and the first pin hole.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the outer sides of the first substrate and the second substrate are made of transparent material, and a first side protractor and a second side protractor are respectively engraved thereon. A first rotation axis and a second rotation axis are provided at the center point of the first side protractor and the second side protractor.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above solution, the first laser pointer and the second laser pointer are respectively provided with a first laser pointer switch and a second laser pointer switch; the first laser pointer and the second laser pointer are locked in the first substrate and the second substrate through a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above solution, the first and second substrates are set as U-shaped structures and are made of transparent PET material.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the circular bubble correction device is set at the center of the principal protractor.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0014] This invention provides a simple instrument for measuring angles and slopes in mines. Using a protractor to measure angles solves the problem of large deviations in orientation measurements caused by changes in magnetic fields, while measuring the angle using laser rotation solves the problem of large errors in slope measurements caused by bending of the wire. The combination of a main protractor and a side protractor allows for the simultaneous measurement of horizontal and vertical angles, meeting the dual requirements for angles and slopes in mine surveying. The rotating connection design of the first and second bases makes the overall structure of the instrument compact, easy to carry and operate. The circular bubble correction device allows for quick calibration of the instrument's horizontal position, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement results. The design of the first and second reading baselines makes reading the measured angles more intuitive and convenient.

[0015] The design of the rotating base and the pin hole in this invention makes the connection between the first and second bases more stable, avoiding measurement errors caused by loosening and further improving measurement accuracy. The cooperation between the rotating spindle and the pin hole allows for quick assembly and disassembly of the instrument, improving work efficiency.

[0016] The U-shaped structure design in this invention makes the first and second substrates more stable, enabling them to withstand greater external impacts and extending the service life of the instrument. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first component in this utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second component in this utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a side view of the first component in this utility model.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a side view of the second component in this utility model.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. First base; 2. Main protractor; 3. Circular bubble correction device; 4. Rotating base; 5. First reading baseline; 6. First laser pointer; 601. First laser pointer switch; 7. First rotating shaft; 8. First side protractor; 9. First pin hole; 10. Second base; 11. Rotating spindle; 12. Second pin hole; 13. Second reading baseline; 14. Second laser pointer; 1401. Second laser pointer switch; 15. Second rotating shaft; 16. Second side protractor. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. The description in this part is only exemplary and explanatory, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention in any way.

[0025] like Figure 1-6As shown, the specific solution of this embodiment is as follows: a simple instrument for measuring angles and slopes in mines, including a first base 1 and a second base 10 rotatably connected. A main protractor 2 is provided on the first base 1. A circular bubble correction device 3 is provided at the main protractor 2. A first laser pointer 6 and a second laser pointer 14 are respectively provided in the middle part of the first base 1 and the second base 10. A first reading baseline 5 and a second reading baseline 13 are respectively provided on the first base 1 and the second base 10. A first side protractor 8 and a second side protractor 16 are respectively provided in the middle part of the first base 1 and the second base 10. The first side protractor 8 and the second side protractor 16 are arranged perpendicular to the direction of the main protractor 2.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the above, the first base 1 is provided with a rotating base 4 and a first pin hole 9, and the second base 10 is provided with a rotating spindle 11 and a second pin hole 12 that are compatible with the rotating base 4 and the first pin hole 9.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the above, the outer sides of the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 10 are made of transparent material, and a first side protractor 8 and a second side protractor 16 are respectively engraved thereon. A first rotation axis 7 and a second rotation axis 15 are provided at the center point of the first side protractor 8 and the second side protractor 16.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the above, the first laser pointer 6 and the second laser pointer 14 are respectively provided with a first laser pointer switch 601 and a second laser pointer switch 1401; the first laser pointer 6 and the second laser pointer 14 are locked in the first base 1 and the second base 10 by the first rotating shaft 7 and the second rotating shaft 15.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the above, the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 10 are configured with a U-shaped structure and are made of transparent PET material.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the above description, the circular bubble calibration device 3 is positioned at the center of the main protractor 2. The circular bubble calibration device is used to measure and calibrate the horizontal or vertical position of equipment and is widely used in various measuring tools and instruments. It determines whether the equipment is horizontal or vertical by observing the position of the bubble in the liquid; this is prior art and will not be described in detail.

[0031] Specific operating steps of this utility model:

[0032] 1. Extend the known measuring points P1 and P2 from the roof of the tunnel to the floor P1' and P2', with P2' as the starting point and P1' as the reference point;

[0033] 2. Place the center of the rotating spindle 11 of the present invention directly above P2', use the circular bubble correction device 3 to perform circular bubble correction, keep the instrument horizontal, rotate the first rotating shaft 7, the second rotating shaft 15, the first laser pointer 6 and the second laser pointer 14 of the product, align the left (right) laser with P1', and align the right (left) laser with the new measuring point C1;

[0034] 3. Read the rotation angles α1 and α2 of the two main axes on the main protractor 2;

[0035] 4. Read the rotation angle β of the vertical angle of the P2'C1 laser pointer on the first side protractor 8;

[0036] 5. Measure the length L of P2'C1 using a laser rangefinder;

[0037] 6. The sum of the two angles (α1+α2) is the azimuth angle between P2'P1' and P2'C1. The azimuth value of P2'C1 can be calculated from the known azimuth value of P2'P1'.

[0038] 7. Given the elevation H0 of point P2', the rotation angle β of the laser pointer at P2'C1, and the length L of P2'C1, calculate the elevation of point C1 using trigonometric functions.

[0039] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," and any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Specific examples have been used in this document to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. These examples are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, due to the limitations of written expression and the objective existence of infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or variations without departing from the principles of the present invention, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, variations, or combinations, or the direct application of the concept and technical solution of the present invention to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simple mine surveying angle and slope measuring instrument, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a first base (1) and second base (10) including rotary connection, be provided with main protractor (2) on first base (1), be provided with round bubble correction device (3) at main protractor (2), the middle part of first base (1) and second base (10) is provided with first laser pen (6) and second laser pen (14) respectively, first base (1) and second base (10) are provided with first reading baseline (5) and second reading baseline (13) respectively, the middle part of first base (1) and second base (10) is provided with first side protractor (8) and second side protractor (16) respectively, and first side protractor (8) and second side protractor (16) are perpendicular to the direction of main protractor (2) setting.

2. A simple mine surveying angle and slope instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, First base (1) is provided with rotary base (4) and first bolt hole (9), and second base (10) is provided with rotary main shaft (11) and second bolt hole (12) suitable for rotary base (4) and first bolt hole (9).

3. A simple mine surveying angle and slope instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of first base (1) and second base (10) is transparent material, and is engraved with first side protractor (8) and second side protractor (16) respectively, and is provided with first rotary shaft (7) and second rotary shaft (15) at the center point of first side protractor (8) and second side protractor (16).

4. A simple mine surveying angle and slope instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that, First laser pen (6) and second laser pen (14) are clamped in first base (1) and second base (10) through first rotary shaft (7) and second rotary shaft (15), and are provided with first laser pen switch (601) and second laser pen switch (1401) respectively on first laser pen (6) and second laser pen (14).

5. The instrument for measuring angle and slope of a mine according to claim 1, wherein First base (1) and second base (10) are provided as U-shaped structure, and are transparent PET material.

6. A simple mine surveying angle and slope instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, Round bubble correction device (3) is arranged at the center of main protractor (2).

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