The invention provides a surveying instrument for
engineering surveying and mapping, and belongs to the technical field of
engineering surveying and mapping. A surveying instrument for
engineering surveying comprises a surveying instrument body, a base, a supporting plate, a connecting shaft, a concave positioning seat, a balance
assembly, a clamping plate, a connecting frame, a
protractor and a pointer. Before surveying and mapping, when the two clamping plates move oppositely to be away from the concave positioning seat, a balance
system capable of automatically adapting to the ground gradient can be formed under the cooperation of the horizontal plate, the lifting
rope and the balancing weight, and once the ground is inclined, the surveying and mapping instrument body deviates from the horizontal state, the balancing weight is driven by gravity, and the surveying and mapping instrument body is protected. The horizontal plate is gently pulled through the lifting
rope, then the surveying instrument body is automatically adjusted to the horizontal position, the stability of a measurement datum is ensured, after horizontal correction is completed, the clamping plates move in the opposite directions again, the concave positioning base is tightly clamped, a stable supporting structure is formed, external interference is effectively isolated, and the
measurement precision is improved.