The utility model relates to the technical field of math teaching aids, and discloses a multifunctional math teaching aid ruler, which comprises a ruler, a groove arranged on the ruler and a moving structure arranged in the groove in a sliding manner, the ruler is provided with scale marks which are oppositely arranged, the moving structure comprises a moving plate positioned in the groove, and the moving plate is arranged in the groove. Sliding blocks are fixedly connected to the two sides of the movable plate, sliding grooves matched with the sliding blocks are formed in the two sides of the groove in the ruler, limiting structures used for fixing the positions of the sliding blocks in the sliding grooves are arranged on the ruler, a positioning cavity matched with chalk is formed in the movable plate, a through groove is formed in one side of the positioning cavity in the movable plate, and the through groove is communicated with the through groove. A clamping block used for fixing the chalk in the positioning cavity is arranged in the through groove in a sliding mode, a rubber sleeve is arranged at one end of the ruler, and a centering needle capable of penetrating through the ruler is arranged in an inner cavity of the rubber sleeve. Compared with the prior art, the teaching aid has the advantages that circles and circles with certain diameters can be drawn conveniently, and teaching aids do not need to be used alternately.