Deep hole shaped charge cutting device suitable for pre-splitting blasting of open-air steps

Abstract

The utility model discloses a deep hole shaped charge cutting device suitable for open-pit step presplitting blasting, which relates to the technical field of open-pit mine blasting and comprises an in-hole detonating cord, and a filling section, a baffle plate, a weakening charge section, a positioning part, a normal charge section, a positioning part and a reinforcing charge section which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the in-hole detonating cord is vertically arranged in the blast hole and is connected with each charging component; explosive units are contained in the charging component, and the positioning component is used for guaranteeing that the charging component is located in the center of a blast hole. According to the utility model, the explosive unit is loaded into the charging part, so that the explosive can form an energy-gathering groove before being detonated, and stress waves can be superposed at the moment of detonating to promote energy concentration; the positioning part enables energy flow to be concentrated and vertically shot to hole wall rock to reduce crack initiation and development in other directions, so that the utilization rate of a single blast hole and the crack length in the energy gathering direction are improved, and the device can be charged in the device connecting process, so that the working efficiency of operators is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of open-pit mine blasting technology, and relates to a deep-hole shaped charge cutting device suitable for open-pit bench pre-splitting blasting. Background Technology

[0002] The existing rock-breaking mechanism of pre-splitting blasting is based on the principle that, under eccentric and uncoupled conditions, the shock wave generated by the explosive detonation attenuates into a stress wave in the air, creating a non-uniform load on the borehole wall. When the tangential tensile stress at any point on the borehole wall exceeds the rock's tensile strength, initial cracks begin to initiate and develop. The high-temperature, high-pressure explosive gases then enter the fracture, forming a gas wedge that further propagates the crack. However, in current pre-splitting blasting processes, because the stress wave acts obliquely on the borehole wall, more energy than the refracted wave is reflected back into the borehole for further attenuation, resulting in energy waste. Therefore, the initial pre-crack length is limited, restricting the expansion of the pre-splitting hole spacing and preventing cost reduction. Secondly, current pre-splitting blasting techniques often involve fixing the explosive to bamboo strips and then inserting them into the hole. This process requires multiple people and results in low worker efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a deep-hole shaped charge cutting device suitable for pre-splitting blasting of open-pit benches. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a deep-hole shaped charge cutting device suitable for pre-splitting blasting of open-pit benches, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, and specifically discloses the following contents:

[0005] A deep-hole shaped charge cutting device suitable for open-pit bench pre-splitting blasting includes an in-hole detonating cord and, from top to bottom, a plugging section, a baffle, a weakened charge section, a positioning component, a normal charge section, a positioning component, and a reinforced charge section.

[0006] The weakening charge section is uniformly provided with multiple first interval sections and multiple charge components from top to bottom, and the first interval sections and the charge components are spaced apart.

[0007] The normal charge section is evenly provided with multiple second interval sections and multiple charge components from top to bottom, and the second interval sections and the charge components are spaced apart.

[0008] The reinforced charge section is provided with multiple charge components from top to bottom;

[0009] The length of the first interval segment is greater than that of the second interval segment; the detonating cord inside the borehole is vertically installed inside the borehole and connects to each of the charging components; the charging component contains an explosive unit, the positioning component is used to ensure that the charging component is located at the center of the borehole, and the top of the detonating cord inside the borehole passes through the plugging section and extends upward.

[0010] Furthermore, the filling section is filled with filling material.

[0011] Furthermore, the baffle is a circular plate structure used to separate the filling section and the weakened charge section; the center of the baffle is connected to the uppermost charge component of the weakened charge section through a snap-fit ​​structure.

[0012] Furthermore, both positioning components are circular plate structures. The upper positioning component is used to separate the weakened charge section and the normal charge section. The top center of the upper positioning component is connected to the lowermost first interval section via a snap-fit ​​structure, and the bottom center is connected to the uppermost second interval section via a snap-fit ​​structure. The lower positioning component is used to separate the normal charge section and the reinforced charge section. The top center of the lower positioning component is connected to the lowermost second interval section via a snap-fit ​​structure, and the bottom center is connected to the uppermost charge component of the reinforced charge section via a snap-fit ​​structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the explosive unit is an emulsion cartridge, the charging component is a cylindrical structure, and the charging component is open at the top and closed at the bottom. The inner wall of the charging component is provided with multiple protrusions to facilitate the formation of a shaped charge groove after the emulsion cartridge is inserted, thus ensuring the blasting effect.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner wall of the explosive loading component is also provided with a clearance groove for installing the detonating cord inside the hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the adjacent first interval segments and the charge components in the reduced charge section are connected by a snap-fit ​​structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the adjacent second intervals and the charging components in the normal charging section are connected by a snap-fit ​​structure.

[0017] Furthermore, adjacent charge components in the reinforced charge section are connected by a snap-fit ​​structure.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0019] This invention inserts the explosive unit into the charging component, ensuring that the explosive can form a shaped energy groove before detonation. This allows the stress wave of the explosive to be concentrated in the shaped energy direction at the moment of explosion, eliminating energy loss caused by rock fragmentation in the non-shaped energy direction and promoting the development of initial cracks in the shaped energy direction. This improves the pre-splitting blasting effect while reducing drilling costs.

[0020] This invention places the explosive charge component at the center of the borehole using a positioning component, so that the superimposed energy flow propagates vertically toward the borehole wall, reducing energy attenuation caused by reflected waves and improving the energy utilization rate of the explosive.

[0021] This invention allows for simultaneous loading of explosives during the device connection process, reducing the workload of pre-splitting blasting workers and thus lowering the labor costs of pre-splitting blasting. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a deep-hole shaped charge cutting device suitable for pre-splitting blasting of open-air steps according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the loading component in this utility model during the loading of the drug.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning component in this utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the baffle in this utility model.

[0027] In the figure:

[0028] 1-Charging component; 21-First interval section, 22-Second interval section, 3-Positioning component, 4-Baffle, 5-In-hole detonating cord, 6-Plug section; 7-Reduced charging section; 8-Normal charging section; 9-Reinforced charging section; 10-Emulsion cartridge; 11-Protrusion; 12-Allowing groove. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be used interchangeably where appropriate for the purposes of describing embodiments of this application herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or components is not necessarily limited to those explicitly listed, but may include other steps or components not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0031] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0032] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," "linking," and "socketing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] See appendix Figure 1-4 This utility model discloses a deep-hole shaped charge cutting device suitable for open-pit bench pre-splitting blasting, including an in-hole detonating cord 5 and a filling section 6, a baffle 4, a weakening charge section 7, a positioning component 3, a normal charge section 8, and a strengthening charge section 9 arranged sequentially from top to bottom.

[0035] The weakening charge section 7 is evenly provided with multiple first interval sections 21 and multiple charge components 1 from top to bottom, and the first interval sections 21 and charge components 1 are spaced apart;

[0036] The normal charge section 8 is evenly provided with multiple second interval sections 22 and multiple charge components 1 from top to bottom, with the second interval sections 22 and charge components 1 arranged at intervals;

[0037] The reinforced charge section 9 is provided with multiple charge components 1 from top to bottom;

[0038] The length of the first interval 21 is greater than that of the second interval 22; the detonating cord 5 inside the borehole is vertically arranged and connected to each charging component 1; the charging component 1 contains an explosive unit, and the positioning component 3 is used to ensure that the charging component 1 is located in the center of the borehole; the top of the detonating cord 5 inside the borehole passes through the filling section 6 and extends upward.

[0039] In this embodiment, the loading component 1, the baffle 4, the first interval section 21 and the second interval section 22 are all made of PVC material, and the positioning component 3 is made of low-density foam material.

[0040] In this embodiment, both the positioning component 3 and the baffle 4 have space for the detonating cord to pass through.

[0041] In this embodiment, the dimensions of the charge component 1, the first interval section 21, and the second interval section 22 are determined and produced according to the blasting design before construction. The charge density during construction is controlled by the dimensions of the charge component 1, the first interval section 21, and the second interval section 22, and the charge is divided into a weakened charge section 7, a normal charge section 8, and a reinforced charge section 9.

[0042] The filling section 6 is filled with filling material.

[0043] The baffle 4 is a circular plate structure used to separate the filling section 6 and the weakening charge section 7; the center of the baffle 4 is connected to the uppermost charge component 1 of the weakening charge section 7 by a snap-fit ​​structure.

[0044] Both positioning components 3 are circular plate structures. The upper positioning component 3 is used to separate the weakened charge section 7 and the normal charge section 8. The top center of the upper positioning component 3 is connected to the lowermost first interval section 21 through a snap-fit ​​structure, and the bottom center is connected to the uppermost second interval section 22 through a snap-fit ​​structure. The lower positioning component 3 is used to separate the normal charge section 8 and the reinforced charge section 9. The top center of the lower positioning component 3 is connected to the lowermost second interval section 22 through a snap-fit ​​structure, and the bottom center is connected to the uppermost charge component 1 in the reinforced charge section 9 through a snap-fit ​​structure.

[0045] In this embodiment, the size of the positioning component 3 is slightly smaller than the borehole diameter, ensuring that the entire device can be smoothly installed inside the borehole even when the borehole wall is not smooth.

[0046] The explosive unit is an emulsion cartridge 10, and the charging component 1 is a cylindrical structure with an open top and a closed bottom. Multiple protrusions 11 are provided on the inner wall of the charging component 1 to facilitate the formation of a shaped charge groove after the emulsion cartridge 10 is inserted, thus ensuring the blasting effect.

[0047] In this embodiment, the cross-section of the protrusion 11 is triangular.

[0048] The inner wall of the explosive loading component 1 is also provided with a clearance groove 12 for installing the detonating cord 5 inside the hole.

[0049] In this experimental embodiment, after the charging component 1 finishes charging, it cleans the residual dregs in the clearance groove 12 and places the detonating cord 5 in the clearance groove 12, thereby protecting it during the installation process and preventing damage from affecting the detonation transmission.

[0050] The adjacent first interval 21 and the charge component 1 in the reduced charge section 7 are connected by a snap-fit ​​structure.

[0051] In the normal charge section 8, the adjacent second interval section 22 and the charge component 1 are connected by a snap-fit ​​structure.

[0052] In the reinforced charge section 9, adjacent charge components 1 are connected by a snap-fit ​​structure.

[0053] Work process:

[0054] S1: Before pre-splitting blasting, according to the charge quantity and charge structure in the blasting design, the corresponding number of charge components 1, first interval section 21, second interval section 22, positioning components 3 and baffles 4 are placed at the borehole opening for use.

[0055] S2: Cut the emulsion cartridge 10 in the middle, and insert the charging component 1 axially into the emulsion cartridge 10 from the cut surface. After the charging component 1 is fully installed, clean the residual slag in the clearance groove 12. According to the blasting design, connect several charging components 1 axially in sequence through snap fasteners to form a reinforced charging section 9, and then place the detonating cord 5 in the clearance groove 12 of the charging component 1.

[0056] S3: Connect the top of the reinforced charge section 9 to the lower positioning component 3 using a snap-fit ​​mechanism to ensure that the charge component 1 is centered in the borehole after the charge is completed. This ensures that the energy wave from the explosive detonation is perpendicular to the rock wall of the borehole, reducing energy waste caused by reflection. Then, connect the lowermost second interval section 22 to the lower positioning component 3 using a snap-fit ​​mechanism. During the connection process, gently pull the detonating cord 5 to prevent it from bending and affecting the detonation transmission.

[0057] S4: Insert one end of the connected reinforced charge section 9 into the borehole, while the other end is held by the operator. Following the charge structure in the blasting design, connect the charge component 1 and the second interval section 22 sequentially using snap-fit ​​connections to form the normal charge section 8. Throughout the connection process, as the connection length increases, the operator can simultaneously lower the device into the borehole, ensuring that the shaped charge groove formed by the charge component 1 and the emulsion cartridge 10 faces the preset position during this process.

[0058] S5: The top of the normal charge section 8 is connected to the upper positioning component 3 via a snap fastener. Then, the lowermost first interval section 21 is connected to the upper positioning component 3 via a snap fastener. Following the charge structure in the blasting design, the charge component 1 is sequentially connected to the first interval section 21 via snap fasteners to form the weakened charge section 7. A baffle 4 is connected to the top of the weakened charge section 7, thus completing the connection of the entire device and lowering it completely into the hole.

[0059] S6: Perform the filling operation of filling section 6, connect the detonating cord 5 inside the hole to the detonating cord on the ground, and wait for detonation.

[0060] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A deep-hole shaped charge cutting device suitable for pre-splitting blasting of open-pit benches, characterized in that, It includes an in-hole detonating cord (5) and, from top to bottom, a plugging section (6), a baffle (4), a weakened charge section (7), a positioning component (3), a normal charge section (8), a positioning component (3), and a reinforced charge section (9); The weakening charge section (7) is uniformly provided with a plurality of first interval sections (21) and a plurality of charge components (1) from top to bottom, and the first interval sections (21) and the charge components (1) are arranged at intervals; The normal charge section (8) is evenly provided with multiple second interval sections (22) and multiple charge components (1) from top to bottom, and the second interval sections (22) and the charge components (1) are spaced apart; The reinforced charge section (9) is provided with multiple charge components (1) from top to bottom; The length of the first interval section (21) is greater than that of the second interval section (22); the in-hole detonating cord (5) is vertically installed in the borehole and connected to each of the charging components (1); the charging component (1) is filled with explosive units, the positioning component (3) is used to ensure that the charging component (1) is located in the center of the borehole, and the top of the in-hole detonating cord (5) passes through the filling section (6) and extends upward.

2. The deep-hole shaped charge cutting device for pre-splitting blasting of open-pit benches according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filling section (6) is filled with filling material.

3. The deep-hole shaped charge cutting device for pre-splitting blasting of open-pit benches according to claim 1, characterized in that, The baffle (4) is a circular plate structure used to separate the filling section (6) and the weakening charge section (7); the center of the baffle (4) is connected to the charge component (1) at the top of the weakening charge section (7) by a snap-fit ​​structure.

4. The deep-hole shaped charge cutting device for pre-splitting blasting of open-pit benches according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both positioning components (3) are circular plate structures. The upper positioning component (3) is used to separate the weakened charge section (7) and the normal charge section (8). The top center of the upper positioning component (3) is connected to the lowermost first interval section (21) through a snap-fit ​​structure, and the bottom center is connected to the uppermost second interval section (22) through a snap-fit ​​structure. The lower positioning component (3) is used to separate the normal charge section (8) and the reinforced charge section (9). The top center of the lower positioning component (3) is connected to the lowermost second interval section (22) through a snap-fit ​​structure, and the bottom center is connected to the uppermost charge component (1) in the reinforced charge section (9) through a snap-fit ​​structure.

5. A deep-hole shaped charge cutting device suitable for pre-splitting blasting of open-pit benches according to claim 1, characterized in that, The explosive unit is an emulsion cartridge (10), the charging component (1) is a cylindrical structure, and the charging component (1) is open at the top and closed at the bottom. The inner wall of the charging component (1) is provided with multiple protrusions (11) to facilitate the formation of a shaped charge groove after the emulsion cartridge (10) is loaded, thus ensuring the blasting effect.

6. A deep-hole shaped charge cutting device suitable for pre-splitting blasting of open-pit benches according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the charging component (1) is also provided with a clearance groove (12) for installing the detonating cord (5) inside the hole.

7. A deep-hole shaped charge cutting device suitable for pre-splitting blasting of open-pit benches according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjacent first interval section (21) and the charge component (1) in the weakened charge section (7) are connected by a snap-fit ​​structure.

8. A deep-hole shaped charge cutting device suitable for pre-splitting blasting of open-pit benches according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjacent second interval (22) and the charging component (1) in the normal charging section (8) are connected by a snap-fit ​​structure.

9. A deep-hole shaped charge cutting device suitable for pre-splitting blasting of open-pit benches according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjacent charge components (1) in the reinforced charge section (9) are connected by a snap-fit ​​structure.

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