Charging circuit and chip
By designing a charging circuit that includes a charging chip, a controller, and a signal comparison module, and utilizing voltage divider and comparator technology, the problem that conventional charging chips cannot distinguish between fully charged and over-voltage states is solved, thereby achieving accurate feedback on the charging status and improving system safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520311609.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-25
AI Technical Summary
Conventional charging chips cannot fully reflect the actual working state, especially the inability to distinguish between the fully charged state and the overvoltage state.
Design a charging circuit including a charging chip, a controller, a signal comparison module, and first and second switches. The circuit achieves accurate determination of the charging status through a voltage divider module and a comparator. The voltage divider module divides the high voltage of the input power supply into a low voltage, and the comparator outputs a binary signal. Combined with the first and second switches, the circuit controls the switching state of the output circuit to ensure clear feedback on the charging status.
The charging status of the battery under different operating conditions is represented by STDBY and CHRG signals. The controller can completely distinguish the various operating states of the battery, reducing the cost of using peripheral components and improving system safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN223942427U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of charging circuits, and in particular to a charging circuit and chip. Background Technology
[0002] Commercially available charging circuits typically use one or two indicator lights to indicate the charging status. The different colors and on / off states of these lights indicate the charging process. Taking a typical high-voltage linear single-cell lithium battery charging chip indicator light as an example, the relationship between the operating status, STDBY, and CHRG is shown in Table 1 below:
[0003] Work status STDBY CHRG VCC not connected high level high level VCC is charging normally. high level low level VCC is properly charged. low level high level VCC overvoltage high level high level
[0004] Table 1
[0005] In recent years, high-end applications have utilized displays to directly show the charging status. For convenience and cost considerations, the original charging indicator light is converted via an MCU, and displaying the charging status on the screen is the future trend. However, conventional charging chips paired with MCUs to output charging status require additional external components to complete the corresponding function, such as high-voltage linear single-cell lithium battery charging chips. Although conventional high-voltage linear single-cell lithium battery charging chips are designed with overvoltage protection (OVP) functionality, due to functional defects in the chip design, overvoltage protection simply and crudely shuts down the charging chip's operation. This results in the inability to fully reflect the actual operating status during overvoltage protection (OVP) mode; specifically, it manifests as an inability to distinguish between a fully charged state and an overvoltage state. Taking a conventional high-voltage linear single-cell lithium battery charging chip paired with an MCU as an example, the relationship between operating status, STDBY, CHRG, and VCC_IN is shown in Table 2 below:
[0006] Work status STDBY CHRG VCC_IN VCC not connected x high level low level VCC is charging normally. x low level high level VCC is properly charged. x high level high level VCC overvoltage x high level high level
[0007] Table 2 Utility Model Content
[0008] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model embodiment is that conventional charging chips cannot fully reflect the actual working state.
[0009] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model discloses a charging circuit. It distinguishes between a fully charged state and an overvoltage state, thus comprehensively reflecting the actual operating state.
[0010] On one hand, this utility model provides a charging circuit, which includes a charging chip, a controller, a signal comparison module, a first switch, and a second switch; the signal comparison module includes a voltage divider module and a comparator, the voltage divider module being connected to the charging chip and the comparator respectively; the first switch being connected to the comparator, the charging chip, and the controller respectively; and the second switch being connected to the comparator, the charging chip, and the controller respectively.
[0011] A further technical solution is that the voltage divider module includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a voltage regulator. The first input terminal is connected to the first resistor and the second resistor respectively. The second input terminal is connected to the third resistor and the voltage regulator respectively. The charging chip is connected to the first resistor and the third resistor respectively. The voltage regulator is connected to the second resistor and grounded.
[0012] A further technical solution is that the comparator includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal, the voltage divider module is connected to the first input terminal and the second input terminal respectively, and the output terminal is connected to the first switch and the second switch respectively.
[0013] A further technical solution is that the first switch includes a fourth resistor and a first transistor, wherein the fourth resistor is connected to the output terminal and the first transistor respectively.
[0014] A further technical solution is that the second switch includes a fifth resistor and a second transistor, wherein the fifth resistor is connected to the output terminal and the second transistor respectively.
[0015] A further technical solution includes a first pull-up resistor, which is connected to both the first switch and the charging chip.
[0016] A further technical solution includes a second pull-up resistor, which is connected to the second switch and the charging chip respectively.
[0017] A further technical solution includes an energy storage device, wherein the charging chip includes power pins, which are connected to the energy storage device, the first pull-up resistor, and the second pull-up resistor, respectively.
[0018] A further technical solution is that the voltage range of the energy storage device is 3.6V-4.8V.
[0019] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a chip including the charging circuit as described in any of the above embodiments.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects achieved by the embodiments of this utility model include:
[0021] The charging status of a battery under different operating conditions can be represented by the STDBY and CHRG signals. The controller can completely distinguish the various operating states of the battery based on the STDBY and CHRG signals. Attached Figure Description
[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0023] Figure 1 A charging circuit structure block diagram provided for an embodiment of this utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a charging circuit provided for an embodiment of this utility model.
[0025] Figure Labels
[0026] 1. Charging chip; 2. Controller; 3. Signal comparison module; 4. First switch; 5. Second switch. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Similar component reference numerals in the drawings represent similar components. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0028] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.
[0029] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification of embodiments of the present invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. As used in this specification of embodiments of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0030] See Figure 1-2 This utility model provides a charging circuit. The charging circuit includes a charging chip 1, a controller 2, a signal comparison module 3, a first switch 4, and a second switch 5. The signal comparison module 3 includes a voltage divider module and a comparator, with the voltage divider module connected to the charging chip 1 and the comparator respectively. The first switch 4 is connected to the comparator, the charging chip 1, and the controller 2 respectively. The second switch 5 is connected to the comparator, the charging chip 1, and the controller 2 respectively. Specific descriptions of each component are as follows:
[0031] In this embodiment, the voltage divider module is used to divide the high voltage of the input power supply into the required low voltage to adapt to the operating voltage requirements of different circuits or components, ensuring voltage matching and compatibility. The comparator is used to compare two input signals and output the corresponding binary signal (high level or low level). The first switch controls the switching state of the output circuit by controlling its input current. The second switch 5 controls the switching state of the output circuit by controlling its input current. The charging chip 1 is used to control the charging process, providing overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, overcurrent protection, and short-circuit protection for the battery to be charged. In this embodiment, the charging chip 1 is U1. The controller 2 includes an MCU, which is a microcomputer chip integrating a central processing unit (CPU), memory, input / output interfaces (I / O), and other functional components, mainly used to control and manage various electronic devices and systems.
[0032] The working principle of this charging circuit is as follows:
[0033] When the VCC input voltage is normal, the voltage is denoted as Uvcc-n. The voltage at the V- terminal of comparator U1B is the regulated voltage of Zener diode ZW, denoted as Uz. The voltage at the V+ terminal is obtained by voltage division between R1 and R2. By appropriately selecting the values of R1 and R2, at the highest voltage point within the normal power supply range, the voltage is made... At this time, the V+ voltage of comparator U1B is lower than the V- voltage, the output terminal OUT is at a low level, there is no driving voltage through resistors R4 and R5, and transistors Q1 and Q2 are not conducting.
[0034] When the VCC input voltage is too high, the voltage at the V+ terminal is divided by R1 and R2. At this time, the V+ voltage of comparator U1B is higher than the V- voltage, the output OUT is high, and the drive voltage passes through resistors R4 and R5, turning on transistors Q1 and Q2.
[0035] STDBY and CHRG are open-drain outputs. This invention also adds open-drain outputs STDBY and CHRG to the high-voltage state outputs Q1 and Q2, respectively. These are connected to the STDBY and CHRG pins of a conventional charging chip and pulled up to the BAT terminal through resistors R6 and R7. Therefore, they respectively form the functions of an OR operation circuit, with the following state relationship. This ensures that a clear state information is output when the input VCC is overvoltaged, guaranteeing that both STDBY and CHRG are low, providing a clear state basis for the subsequent MCU.
[0036] The technical effects achievable by this charging circuit are as follows:
[0037] The charging status of the battery under different operating conditions can be represented by the STDBY and CHRG signals. Controller 2 can completely distinguish the various operating states of the battery based on the STDBY and CHRG signals. The relationship between the operating states, STDBY, and CHRG is shown in Table 3 below:
[0038] Work status STDBY CHRG VCC not connected high level high level VCC is charging normally. high level low level VCC is properly charged. low level high level VCC overvoltage low level low level
[0039] Table 3
[0040] See also Figure 1-2 In this embodiment, the voltage divider module includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a voltage regulator. The first input terminal is connected to the first resistor and the second resistor, respectively. The second input terminal is connected to the third resistor and the voltage regulator, respectively. The charging chip 1 is connected to the first resistor and the third resistor, respectively. The voltage regulator is connected to the second resistor and grounded.
[0041] Specifically, the first resistor is resistor R1, the second resistor is resistor R2, the third resistor is resistor R3, and the voltage regulator is voltage regulator ZW.
[0042] Furthermore, the comparator includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal. The voltage divider module is connected to the first input terminal and the second input terminal respectively, and the output terminal is connected to the first switch 4 and the second switch 5 respectively.
[0043] Specifically, the first input terminal is the V+ terminal of comparator U1 B, the second input terminal is the V- terminal of comparator U1 B, and the output terminal is the OUT terminal of comparator U1 B.
[0044] Furthermore, the first switch 4 includes a fourth resistor and a first transistor, wherein the fourth resistor is connected to the output terminal and the first transistor respectively.
[0045] Specifically, the fourth resistor is resistor R4, and the first transistor is transistor Q1.
[0046] Furthermore, the second switch 5 includes a fifth resistor and a second transistor, wherein the fifth resistor is connected to the output terminal and the second transistor respectively.
[0047] Specifically, the fifth resistor is resistor R5, and the second transistor is transistor Q2.
[0048] Furthermore, it also includes a first pull-up resistor, which is connected to the first switch 4 and the charging chip 1 respectively.
[0049] Specifically, the first pull-up resistor is used to keep the signal line at a high level to avoid floating or malfunction, and can also provide current to enhance the load capacity of the output pin. In this embodiment, the first pull-up resistor is resistor R6, which is used to pull the first switch 4 to the BAT pin of the charging chip 1 to form the function of the OR operation circuit.
[0050] Furthermore, it also includes a second pull-up resistor, which is connected to the second switch 5 and the charging chip 1 respectively.
[0051] Specifically, the second pull-up resistor is used to keep the signal line at a high level to avoid floating or malfunction, and can also provide current to enhance the load capacity of the output pin. In this embodiment, the second pull-up resistor is resistor R7, which is used to pull the second switch 5 to the BAT pin of the charging chip 1 to form the function of the OR operation circuit.
[0052] Furthermore, it also includes an energy storage device, and the charging chip 1 includes a power pin, which is connected to the energy storage device, the first pull-up resistor and the second pull-up resistor respectively.
[0053] Specifically, the charging chip 1 includes a power supply pin, which in this embodiment is a BAT pin.
[0054] Furthermore, the voltage range of the energy storage device is 3.6V-4.8V.
[0055] Specifically, the energy storage device includes a lithium battery. In this embodiment, the energy storage device is a single lithium battery that is being charged, and the voltage of the single lithium battery is about 4.2V.
[0056] This invention also provides a chip, including the charging circuit described in any of the above embodiments.
[0057] Specifically, by integrating the charging circuit described in any of the above embodiments into a chip, this chip can replace commercially available lithium battery charging chips. The chip accurately displays various operating states of the battery through the STDBY and CHRG signals, thereby reducing the number of external components of the charging chip, lowering costs, and improving system safety.
[0058] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.
[0059] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. The illustrative expressions of the above terms in this specification should not be construed as necessarily referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.
[0060] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Since these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.
[0061] The above description describes specific embodiments of this utility model, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, the scope of protection of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A charging circuit, characterized in that, Includes a charging chip, a controller, a signal comparison module, a first switch, and a second switch; The signal comparison module includes a voltage divider module and a comparator, wherein the voltage divider module is connected to the charging chip and the comparator respectively; The first switch is connected to the comparator, the charging chip, and the controller, respectively. The second switch is connected to the comparator, the charging chip, and the controller, respectively.
2. The charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The comparator includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal. The voltage divider module is connected to the first input terminal and the second input terminal, respectively, and the output terminal is connected to the first switch and the second switch, respectively.
3. The charging circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The voltage divider module includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a voltage regulator. The first input terminal is connected to the first resistor and the second resistor, respectively. The second input terminal is connected to the third resistor and the voltage regulator, respectively. The charging chip is connected to the first resistor and the third resistor, respectively. The voltage regulator is connected to the second resistor and grounded.
4. The charging circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first switch includes a fourth resistor and a first transistor, wherein the fourth resistor is connected to the output terminal and the first transistor respectively.
5. The charging circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second switch includes a fifth resistor and a second transistor, wherein the fifth resistor is connected to the output terminal and the second transistor respectively.
6. The charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first pull-up resistor, which is connected to the first switch and the charging chip respectively.
7. The charging circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a second pull-up resistor, which is connected to the second switch and the charging chip respectively.
8. The charging circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes an energy storage device, and the charging chip includes a power pin, which is connected to the energy storage device, the first pull-up resistor and the second pull-up resistor respectively.
9. The charging circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The voltage range of the energy storage device is 3.6V-4.8V.
10. A chip, characterized in that, Includes the charging circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9.