EBG structure and millimeter wave antenna structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses an EBG structure and a millimeter wave antenna structure, the EBG structure comprises a substrate, and a metal patch, a grounding plate and a metal conduction structure which are respectively arranged on the substrate, the metal patch is arranged above the grounding plate, the metal patch and the grounding plate are conducted through the metal conduction structure, and the metal conduction structure is arranged on the substrate. The metal patch is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped grooves which are uniformly distributed around the central axis of the metal conduction structure. The EBG structure is novel in structure, a plurality of arc-shaped grooves which are uniformly distributed around the central axis of the metal conduction structure are designed on the metal patch, the propagation path and distribution of electromagnetic waves on the metal patch are optimized through the design of the arc-shaped grooves, the blocking effect on the electromagnetic waves is enhanced, the isolation effect of the EBG structure is improved on the premise that the size of the EBG structure is not increased, and the service life of the EBG structure is prolonged. The millimeter-wave antenna has the advantages that the millimeter-wave antenna has more advantages in application in a millimeter-wave antenna structure, the anti-interference capability of the antenna is remarkably enhanced, the stability and reliability of the antenna in a working frequency band are ensured, and the requirements of a modern communication system for high isolation and anti-interference performance of the antenna are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an EBG structure and a millimeter-wave antenna structure. Background Technology

[0002] To reduce mutual coupling between antennas and improve the isolation between antenna elements, electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure is a commonly used solution. By loading the EBG structure between antenna elements and through proper design, the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a certain frequency band can be suppressed, thereby effectively improving the isolation of the antenna in the operating frequency band.

[0003] Based on their structural form, EBG structures can be divided into mushroom-shaped and planar types. The mushroom-shaped EBG structure is the classic form of EBG structure. Its characteristic is that adjacent units form a capacitor structure, while the columnar structure forms an inductor. This structure is widely used in microwave engineering and antenna design and can effectively control the propagation of electromagnetic waves.

[0004] How to improve the isolation effect of EBG structure to a greater extent without increasing the volume of the EBG structure is the goal pursued by practitioners. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem solved by this utility model is to provide a novel EBG structure with excellent isolation effect; and to provide a millimeter-wave antenna structure with the EBG structure, which has strong anti-interference ability and high isolation.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an EBG structure, including a substrate and a metal patch, a ground plane and a metal conductive structure respectively disposed on the substrate. The metal patch is located above the ground plane, and the metal patch and the ground plane are connected through the metal conductive structure. The metal patch has a plurality of arc-shaped grooves evenly distributed around the central axis of the metal conductive structure.

[0007] In one embodiment, the metal conductive structure is a metallized hole, which is a hollow column with a polygonal cross-section.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the second technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a millimeter-wave antenna structure, including a plurality of antenna elements and the above-mentioned EBG structure. The antenna elements are disposed on the substrate, and the EBG structure is disposed close to the antenna elements. The number of EBG structures is multiple.

[0009] In one embodiment, a plurality of the EBG structures are arranged in at least one ring around the antenna element.

[0010] In one embodiment, the number of antenna elements is one or more.

[0011] In one embodiment, the metal patch of the EBG structure is embedded in the substrate, and the radiator of the antenna element is disposed on the top surface of the substrate. When the millimeter-wave antenna structure is viewed from above, the radiator of the antenna element and the metal patch of the EBG structure form an overlapping area.

[0012] In one embodiment, the number of antenna elements is multiple, and multiple EBG structures are arranged in an array between two adjacent antenna elements.

[0013] In one embodiment, a plurality of EBG structures between two adjacent antenna elements form a rectangular array.

[0014] In one embodiment, the substrate has at least one rectangular region, a set of diagonal regions of the rectangular region are respectively provided with the antenna element, and another set of diagonal regions of the rectangular region are respectively arranged in an array to provide a plurality of the EBG structures.

[0015] In one embodiment, the antenna element is a side-fire antenna or an end-fire antenna.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This EBG structure is novel, with multiple arc-shaped grooves evenly distributed around the central axis of the metal conductive structure on the metal patch. The design of the arc-shaped grooves optimizes the propagation path and distribution of electromagnetic waves on the metal patch, enhances the blocking effect of electromagnetic waves, improves the isolation effect of the EBG structure without increasing the volume of the EBG structure, making it more advantageous in the application of millimeter-wave antenna structures, significantly enhances the antenna's anti-interference capability, ensures the stability and reliability of the antenna in the operating frequency band, and meets the requirements of modern communication systems for high isolation and anti-interference performance of antennas. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a top view of the EBG structure in Example 1;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the EBG structure in Example 1;

[0020] Figure 3This is a top view of the millimeter-wave antenna structure of Embodiment 1;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a top view of the millimeter-wave antenna structure in Embodiment 2;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a top view of the millimeter-wave antenna structure in Embodiment 3;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a top view of the millimeter-wave antenna structure in Embodiment 4;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a top view of the millimeter-wave antenna structure in Embodiment 5;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a top view of the millimeter-wave antenna structure in Example 6;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a comparison chart of the isolation simulation results between the test group and the control group in Example 6.

[0027] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0028] 1. Substrate;

[0029] 2. Metal patch; 21. Arc groove;

[0030] 3. Flooring connection;

[0031] 4. Metallized holes;

[0032] 5. Antenna unit. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The purpose, features, and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0035] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture as shown in the attached figure. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0036] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," such descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.

[0037] Furthermore, if the meaning of "and / or" appears throughout the text, it refers to three parallel solutions. For example, "and / or" includes solution 1, solution 2, and solution 3, which simultaneously satisfy the above conditions. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0038] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 Embodiment 1 of this utility model is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an EBG structure includes a substrate 1 and a metal patch 2, a ground plane 3, and a metal conductive structure respectively disposed on the substrate 1. The metal patch 2 is located above the ground plane 3, and the metal patch 2 and the ground plane 3 are connected through the metal conductive structure. The metal patch 2 has a plurality of arc-shaped grooves 21 evenly distributed around the central axis of the metal conductive structure. Preferably, the arc-shaped grooves 21 are circular arc grooves. The specific number of arc-shaped grooves 21 can be set as needed. For example, in this embodiment, the number of arc-shaped grooves 21 is four. Preferably, the outer contour of the metal patch 2 is square.

[0041] To facilitate the fabrication of the EBG structure, the metal conductive structure is preferably a metallized hole 4. Optionally, the metallized hole 4 can be a hollow cylinder with a polygonal cross-section, which can improve the simulation speed during software simulation. Of course, in actual products, the metallized hole 4 can also be a hollow cylinder.

[0042] The inner diameter of the arc-shaped groove 21 is 0.1-0.2 mm, and the outer diameter is 0.15-0.25 mm; the diameter of the metallized hole 4 is 0.15-0.25 mm; and the side length of the metal patch 2 is 0.42-0.62 mm.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment also provides a millimeter-wave antenna structure, which includes a plurality of antenna elements 5 and the above-mentioned EBG structure. The antenna elements 5 are disposed on the substrate 1, and the EBG structure is disposed close to the antenna elements 5. There are multiple EBG structures, and preferably two adjacent EBG structures are 0.8 to 1.3 mm apart.

[0044] The EBG structures, in multiple numbers, are arranged in at least one ring around the antenna element 5.

[0045] In this embodiment, the number of antenna elements 5 is one, and two rings of the EBG structure are arranged around the outside of the antenna element 5.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Please refer to Figure 4 Embodiment 2 of this utility model is a parallel technical solution to Embodiment 1, but differs from Embodiment 1 in that: the metal patch 2 of the EBG structure is embedded in the substrate 1, and the radiator of the antenna element 5 is disposed on the top surface of the substrate 1. When viewing the millimeter-wave antenna structure from a top-down perspective, the radiator of the antenna element 5 and the metal patch 2 of the EBG structure form an overlapping area. It is easy to understand that the substrate 1 is a multilayer board structure.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] Please refer to Figure 5 The third embodiment of this utility model is a parallel technical solution to the first embodiment. The difference between the third and the first embodiment is that there are multiple antenna elements 5, and each antenna element 5 is surrounded by multiple rings of the EBG structure.

[0050] Optionally, the antenna elements 5, in multiple quantities, are arranged in a rectangular array.

[0051] Example 4

[0052] Please refer to Figure 6 The fourth embodiment of this utility model is a parallel technical solution to the first embodiment. The difference between the fourth embodiment and the first embodiment is that: there are multiple antenna elements 5, and multiple EBG structures are arranged in an array between two adjacent antenna elements 5. Preferably, the multiple EBG structures between two adjacent antenna elements 5 form a rectangular array; the number of antenna elements 5 is multiple and arranged in a row.

[0053] Example 5

[0054] Please refer to Figure 7 The difference between Embodiment 5 of this utility model and Embodiments 1 to 4 is that the antenna element 5 in Embodiments 1 to 4 is a side-fire antenna, while in this embodiment, the antenna element 5 is an end-fire antenna.

[0055] Example 6

[0056] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 Embodiment Six of this utility model is a parallel technical solution to Embodiment One, and differs from Embodiment One in that: Figure 8 As shown, the substrate 1 has at least one rectangular region, and one set of diagonal regions of the rectangular region are respectively provided with antenna elements 5, and another set of diagonal regions of the rectangular region are respectively arranged in an array with multiple EBG structures.

[0057] To fully illustrate the isolation effect of the EBG structure, simulation tests will be conducted on the millimeter-wave antenna structure of Example 6 (hereinafter referred to as the test group) and the millimeter-wave antenna structure with the EBG structure removed based on Example 6 (hereinafter referred to as the control group).

[0058] Figure 9 This is a comparison chart of the isolation simulation results between the test group and the control group in Example 6. Figure 9 The solid line in the figure represents the isolation simulation result curve of the control group, and the dashed line represents the isolation simulation result curve of the test group. It can be seen that the test group has an isolation improvement of 3-5 dB compared with the control group. It is evident that this EBG structure can effectively improve the isolation of the millimeter-wave antenna structure.

[0059] The above are merely optional embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the inventive concept of this utility model and the contents of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An EBG structure, characterized by: The EBG structure comprises a substrate and a metal patch, a ground plate and a metal conducting structure arranged on the substrate respectively, the metal patch is above the ground plate, the metal patch and the ground plate are conducted through the metal conducting structure, and the metal patch has a plurality of arc-shaped grooves uniformly distributed around the central axis of the metal conducting structure.

2. The EBG structure of claim 1, wherein: The metal conducting structure is a metalized hole, and the metalized hole is a hollow column with a polygonal cross section.

3. A millimeter wave antenna structure, characterized by: The EBG structure comprises a plurality of antenna units and the EBG structure of claim 1 or 2, the antenna units are arranged on the substrate, the EBG structure is arranged close to the antenna units, and the number of the EBG structures is multiple.

4. The millimeter wave antenna structure of claim 3, wherein: The multiple EBG structures are arranged around the antenna units in at least one circle.

5. The millimeter wave antenna structure of claim 4, wherein: The number of the antenna units is one or more.

6. The millimeter wave antenna structure of claim 3, wherein: The metal patch of the EBG structure is embedded in the substrate, and the radiator of the antenna unit is arranged on the top surface of the substrate, so that when the millimeter wave antenna structure is viewed from a top perspective, the radiator of the antenna unit and the metal patch of the EBG structure form an overlapping area.

7. The millimeter wave antenna structure of claim 3, wherein: The number of the antenna units is multiple, and multiple EBG structures arranged in an array are arranged between two adjacent antenna units.

8. The millimeter wave antenna structure of claim 7, wherein: The multiple EBG structures between the two adjacent antenna units form a rectangular array.

9. The millimeter wave antenna structure of claim 3, wherein: The substrate has at least one rectangular area, a group of diagonal areas of the rectangular area are respectively provided with the antenna units, and another group of diagonal areas of the rectangular area are respectively arranged in an array with multiple EBG structures.

10. The millimeter wave antenna structure of claim 3, wherein: The antenna unit is an edge-shooting antenna or an end-shooting antenna.

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