Turnout sliding bed backing plate and railway turnout

Abstract

The utility model discloses a turnout sliding bed backing plate, which belongs to the technical field of railway tracks, and comprises a bottom plate and an iron seat arranged on the bottom plate, the turnout sliding bed backing plate further comprises a sliding bed platform, the sliding bed platform is arranged on the bottom plate, a rail bearing groove is defined between the sliding bed platform and the iron seat, and the rail bearing groove is used for accommodating a railway turnout stock rail. Tongue pressing parts are arranged on the two sides of the first end, close to the iron base, of the slide plate table, the side edges, close to the bottom plate, of the tongue pressing parts are flush with the side wall of the bottom plate, gaps are formed between the side edges of the slide plate table and the side wall of the bottom plate, and pin holes are formed in the slide plate table in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the slide plate table. The structure of the slide plate table can be improved to reduce the frictional resistance when the tongue rail falls on the slide plate table to do reciprocating motion, and particularly, the structure of the tongue pressing part is optimized to solve the problem that the tongue pressing part is prone to breakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of railway track technology, and in particular, to a turnout slide plate. Furthermore, this application also relates to a railway turnout including the aforementioned turnout slide plate. Background Technology

[0002] The information provided in this section is for the purpose of generally presenting the background of this application. To the extent described in this section, the work of the currently named inventors and aspects of the description that may not constitute prior art at the time of filing are neither explicitly nor implicitly considered to be prior art of this application.

[0003] The slide plate of a pin-type spring-loaded turnout switch is a crucial component of railway turnouts. It supports the switch rail and clamps the stock rail along its entire length. The top surface of the slide plate provides support and a moving platform for the back-and-forth movement of the switch rail, guiding the train towards the main line or siding. Currently, the pin-type spring-loaded turnout switch slide plates used in my country's railways are welded to a base plate, relying on welds for connection and fixation. In related technologies, welding the slide plate to the base plate often results in defects such as non-compliant weld dimensions, undercut, burn-through or weld beads, incomplete penetration, insufficient weld coverage, collapse, surface porosity or slag inclusions, surface cracks, and arc strikes. Internal defects such as porosity, slag inclusions, lack of fusion, incomplete penetration, and internal cracks also occur, adversely affecting the normal use of the pin-type spring-loaded turnout switch slide plate. Furthermore, due to the low structural strength at the weld joint, the slide plate of the pin-spring type turnout switch is prone to loosening or detaching from the base plate during use, thus affecting its normal operation and shortening its service life. Several improvements have been made in existing technologies to address these issues.

[0004] For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN104372722A discloses a pin-spring type turnout slide plate, which includes: a base plate; a main rail and an iron seat located on the left side of the main rail on the slide plate; the slide plate includes: a base plate with an opening therethrough; and a slide platform for supporting the switch rail, the slide platform being integrally forged with the base plate, the slide platform being located above the opening and forming a receiving cavity together with the base plate, the right side wall of the receiving cavity having a first open opening therethrough, and the left side wall of the receiving cavity having a first open opening therethrough. The second opening; a guide iron, which is disposed within the receiving cavity and defines a guide channel with the top wall of the receiving cavity, one end of the guide channel communicating with the first opening and the other end communicating with the second opening; a spring piece, which is disposed within the guide channel, with a first end of the spring piece extending from the first opening and abutting against the upper surface of the pad bottom plate, and a second end of the spring piece extending from the second opening; a locking member, which passes sequentially through the front and rear side walls of the receiving cavity and is located above the spring piece so that the second end of the spring piece is adapted to press against the base rail. The slide plate of the pin-spring type turnout switch is integrally forged from the slide plate and base plate, eliminating errors and deformations caused by welding, thus improving machining accuracy. It also avoids the reduced connection strength between the slide plate and base plate due to weld seams, preventing the slide plate from loosening or detaching from the base plate. This increases the stability of the pin-spring type turnout switch slide plate, enhances the overall stability of the turnout, and extends its service life. Furthermore, the combination of forging and minimal machining allows for mass production of the slide plate and base plate, thereby reducing the machining cost of the pin-spring type turnout switch slide plate.

[0005] For example, Chinese Patent No. CN205276067U discloses a rigid snap-fit ​​slide plate assembly and a rigid snap-fit ​​slide plate. The rigid snap-fit ​​slide plate assembly includes: a rigid snap-fit ​​slide plate, which is an integral forging and includes a base plate, a slide plate, and an iron seat spaced apart from the slide plate. The slide plate and the iron seat are disposed on the upper surface of the base plate; a switch rail, which is disposed on the upper end surface of the slide plate; a fastening assembly, which is disposed on the iron seat; and a base rail, which is sandwiched between the slide plate and the iron seat. This rigid snap-fit ​​slide plate assembly eliminates welding errors and deformations by integrally forging the slide plate, iron base, and pad base plate, thereby improving machining accuracy. It also avoids reducing the connection strength between the slide plate and pad base plate, and between the iron base and pad base plate due to welds, thus increasing the stability of the rigid snap-fit ​​slide plate assembly and the turnout structure, and extending its service life.

[0006] Another example is the integral cast steel pad for a turnout disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN202081351U. The pads on the turnout are assembled from various components, and each shape of pad is integrally cast. Specifically, there are seven shapes: the first is a slide pad with a slide plate and an iron seat; the second is a guard rail pad with a support plate, a rail bearing platform, and an iron seat; the third is a grooved guard rail pad with an iron seat and a support plate; the fourth is a tread pad with an iron seat and a K-type iron seat; the fifth is an intermediate pad with an iron seat; the sixth is a common pad with an iron seat; and the seventh is a joint pad with an iron seat and a slanted cross-section of the bottom plate. The first type, the slide pad with a slide plate and an iron seat, has a rectangular bottom plate with rail spike holes on both sides. A slide plate is mounted on top of this plate, and one end of the slide plate has a U-shaped long groove with the same shape as the rail bottom plate. An iron seat is located opposite the groove. The second type is a rail guard plate with a support plate, a rail support platform, and an iron seat. The second type has a rectangular base plate with spike holes on both sides, and an iron seat on top. Opposite the iron seat is a rail support platform, and perpendicular to it is a support plate. The support plate has holes for mounting bolts. The third type is a grooved rail guard plate with an iron seat and a support plate. The third type has a rectangular base plate with spike holes on both sides, and an iron seat on top. Opposite the iron seat is a support plate, perpendicular to it. A support plate is located at the rear end of the second support plate, and it also has holes for mounting bolts. The fourth type is a rail track guard plate with an iron seat and a K-type iron seat. The fourth type has a rectangular base plate with spike holes on both sides, and iron seats on both sides. A K-type iron seat is located between the two iron seats… This application improves the overall strength of the turnout guard plate, increases its ability to resist the impact force transmitted by the wheels through the rails, improves the safety of train operation, and reduces the processing cost of the guard plate.

[0007] Existing rigid, press-fit, integrally cast slide bed technology includes a slide base plate, a slide platform, and an iron base, with the base plate being a large flat plate. This existing technology has the following technical problems:

[0008] 1. The pressure tongue at the front end of the slide plate is prone to breakage;

[0009] 2. When the switch rail is placed on the slide plate, and the switch rail makes a back-and-forth reciprocating motion on the entire slide plate, the larger the contact area between the bottom of the switch rail and the entire slide plate, the greater the frictional resistance, traction force and conversion resistance.

[0010] 3. During the production process, the integrally cast slide plate and large flat plate bottom plate structure will undergo warping deformation;

[0011] 4. The platform plate is thick and large, which is the last place to solidify and form a casting hot spot. The casting stress concentration at the connection surface between the platform plate and the base plate will cause cracks, and the platform plate is prone to casting defects such as shrinkage porosity and shrinkage cavities.

[0012] 5. Defects in the location of the integral cast pad plate of the large flat plate structure during line operation can form crack sources, causing the pad plate to break and fail, affecting driving safety.

[0013] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this application, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0014] In view of at least one of the above technical problems, this application provides a turnout slide plate that can reduce the frictional resistance when the switch rail is placed on the slide plate for reciprocating motion by improving the structure of the slide plate platform, and in particular, optimize the structure of the pressure tongue to improve the problem of the pressure tongue being prone to breakage.

[0015] In addition, this application also provides a railway turnout including the aforementioned turnout slide plate.

[0016] According to one aspect of this application, a turnout slide bed is provided, comprising a base plate and an iron seat disposed on the base plate. The turnout slide bed further comprises a slide platform disposed on the base plate, with the slide platform and the iron seat forming a rail-bearing groove for accommodating the railway turnout main rail. Two pressure tongues are provided at one end of the slide platform near the iron seat, the two pressure tongues being disposed on opposite sides of the slide platform along the width direction of the base plate. The side of one pressure tongue furthest from the other pressure tongue is flush with the side wall of the base plate. A horizontal distance exists between the side wall of the slide platform and the side wall of the base plate. Pin holes are provided on the side wall of the slide platform.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, the base plate, iron seat, and slide plate are integrally cast.

[0018] In some embodiments of this application, a hollow cavity is provided at the bottom of the slide plate that abuts against the base plate.

[0019] In some embodiments of this application, the hollow cavity has open structures at both ends along the axial direction of the slide plate.

[0020] In some embodiments of this application, the pin holes are arranged through the hollow cavity.

[0021] In some embodiments of this application, an opening is provided on the base plate below the hollow cavity.

[0022] In some embodiments of this application, the area of ​​the opening is smaller than the area of ​​the hollow cavity projected onto the bottom plate.

[0023] In some embodiments of this application, the sidewalls on both sides of the base plate located at the slide plate are provided with extended bosses.

[0024] In some embodiments of this application, the side of the extended boss is flush with the side wall of the tongue depressor, and there is a horizontal distance between the side of the extended boss and the side wall of the slide plate.

[0025] According to another aspect of this application, a railway turnout is also provided, which includes the aforementioned turnout slide plate.

[0026] This application has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] This application's turnout slide bed plate widens the tongue by making its width flush with the width of the base plate, thus preventing breakage. Simultaneously, the slide bed structure is optimized with gaps between its sides and the sidewalls of the base plate, effectively narrowing the slide bed. This reduces the contact area between the switch rail and the slide bed when it rests, thus lowering frictional resistance, traction force, and switching resistance. Through this optimization of key structures, this application not only reduces overall manufacturing costs but also effectively improves the structural strength of critical components, enhancing the overall practicality and durability of the turnout slide bed plate.

[0028] The railway turnout described in this application also has the aforementioned beneficial effects. It further includes integrally casting the turnout slide plate as a single piece, optimizing the hollow cavity structure inside the slide plate platform, and creating openings in the base plate to avoid casting hot spots, shrinkage cavities, and other problems in the thicker parts of the slide plate platform. Furthermore, the optimized structure of the slide plate platform and base plate helps reduce the solidification shrinkage stress of the casting, effectively improving the problem of base plate warping deformation.

[0029] Of course, any product implementing this application does not necessarily need to achieve all the advantages described above simultaneously. In addition to the purposes, features, and advantages described above, this application also has other purposes, features, and advantages. The application will be further described in detail below with reference to figures. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of this application;

[0033] Legend: 1. Base plate; 2. Iron base; 3. Slide bed; 31. Tongue; 4. Pin hole; 41. Countersunk hole; 5. Opening; 6. Rail groove; 7. Hollow cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, this application may be implemented in a variety of different ways as defined and covered below.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a top view of a preferred embodiment of this application.

[0036] A turnout slide bed includes a base plate 1 and an iron seat 2 disposed on the base plate 1. The turnout slide bed further includes a slide platform 3 disposed on the base plate 1. The slide platform 3 and the iron seat 2 enclose each other to form a rail-bearing groove 6, which is used to accommodate the railway turnout main rail. Two pressure tongues 31 are provided at one end of the slide platform 3 near the iron seat 2. The two pressure tongues 31 are disposed on opposite sides of the slide platform 3 along the width direction of the base plate 1. The side of the pressure tongue 31 furthest from the other pressure tongue 31 is flush with the side wall of the base plate 1. There is a horizontal distance between the side wall of the slide platform 3 and the side wall of the base plate 1. A pin hole 4 is provided on the side wall of the slide platform 3.

[0037] Here, "base plate 1" refers to the support plate structure that serves as the support for the slide plate 3 and the iron base 2. In some embodiments, base plate 1 is a flat plate structure with a smooth bottom surface, and bolt holes are provided at the corners of base plate 1 to facilitate installation. In the specific processing, the bolt holes can be elongated or round, and the ends of the bolt holes can be rounded with a radius of R1mm-R5mm or chamfered with a radius of R0.8mm-R1.5mm.

[0038] The proposed turnout slide bed utilizes a wider structure by setting the front end of the slide bed platform 3, with the width of the tongue 31 flush with the width of the base plate 1. This wider tongue 31 is less prone to breakage. Simultaneously, the structure of the slide bed platform 3 is optimized by incorporating gaps between its two sides and the side walls of the base plate 1, effectively narrowing the platform. This reduces the contact area between the switch rail and the slide bed platform 3 when it is placed on it, thus lowering frictional resistance, traction force, and switching resistance. Through the optimization of key structures, this application not only reduces overall manufacturing costs but also effectively improves the structural strength of critical components, thereby enhancing the overall practicality and durability of the turnout slide bed.

[0039] Preferably, the base plate 1, the iron seat 2, and the slide plate 3 are integrally cast.

[0040] It is understandable that casting the base plate 1, iron seat 2 and slide plate 3 as a single unit is beneficial to improving the overall manufacturing efficiency of the turnout slide plate and ensuring that the turnout slide plate has sufficient strength to guarantee its durability.

[0041] It should be noted that by using the base plate 1, iron seat 2 and slide plate 3 as an integral casting, the problems of error and deformation caused by welding in traditional welding manufacturing are eliminated, thereby improving the processing accuracy. At the same time, it avoids the reduction of the connection strength between slide plate 3 and base plate 1 due to weld seams, and prevents slide plate 3 from loosening or falling off base plate 1.

[0042] Preferably, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the slide plate 3 has a hollow cavity 7 at the bottom of the base plate 1.

[0043] It is understandable that by opening a hollow cavity 7 at the bottom of the slide plate 3 that abuts against the base plate 1, the thickness of the slide plate 3 can be reduced, thus avoiding the formation of casting hot spots due to the thickness of the slide plate 3, the stress concentration at the connection surface between the slide plate 3 and the base plate 1 which can cause cracks, and the easy formation of casting defects such as shrinkage porosity and shrinkage cavities inside the plate.

[0044] Preferably, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, both ends of the hollow cavity 7 along the axial direction of the slide plate 3 are open structures.

[0045] Understandably, the hollow cavity 7 has an open structure at both the front and rear ends of the slide plate 3, which allows the hollow cavity 7 to act as a guide channel, facilitate the overall installation of the slide plate, make it easy for workers to operate by hand, and further reduce materials and overall weight.

[0046] Preferably, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the pin hole 4 is arranged through the hollow cavity 7.

[0047] Understandably, the pin hole 4 is used for the pin to pass through when the turnout slide bed is in use. The middle section of the pin hole 4 is located in the hollow cavity 7. The entire pin hole 4 is not opened through the top of the slide bed 3. Instead, both ends of the pin hole 4 are opened on the side walls of opposite sides of the hollow cavity 7. Therefore, the processing difficulty of the pin hole 4 can be reduced, and the pin hole 4 is not set through the top of the slide bed 3, which would result in insufficient strength of the slide bed 3 and would not be conducive to the slide bed 3 providing support for the switch rail, thus avoiding potential safety hazards.

[0048] Optionally, the pin hole 4 is provided with a countersunk hole 41 on the side wall of the slide plate 3 to prevent the pin from being exposed on the outside of the slide plate 3 during installation, and to provide good shielding and protection for the pin.

[0049] Preferably, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, an opening 5 is provided on the base plate 1 below the hollow cavity 7.

[0050] In this preferred embodiment, the area of ​​the opening 5 is smaller than the area of ​​the hollow cavity 7 projected onto the bottom plate 1.

[0051] It is understandable that by setting an opening 5 at the bottom of the base plate 1, the opening 5 is connected to the hollow cavity 7, and the area of ​​the opening 5 is smaller than the projected area of ​​the hollow cavity 7, the opening 5 acts as a vent, so that a cavity that is conducive to shock absorption and deformation is formed under the slide plate 3. At the same time, it also makes the mold easier to process, the forming effect is better, and the demolding is more convenient, which greatly improves the processing and manufacturing efficiency of the slide plate.

[0052] Preferably, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the side walls of the base plate 1 located on both sides of the slide plate 3 are provided with extended bosses.

[0053] Understandably, the base plate 1 has an extension boss at one section of the slide platform 3, which widens this section of the base plate 1, effectively enhancing the strength of the middle section and improving the overall service life of the turnout slide platform. Correspondingly, the width of the slide platform 3 can also be appropriately widened to increase its strength. The upper surface of the slide platform 3 can provide stable support and a moving platform for the back-and-forth movement of the switch rail. However, the width of the slide platform 3 is still smaller than the width of the base plate 1 to avoid excessive friction between the switch rail and the slide platform 3 when it is placed on it.

[0054] Optionally, the upper surface of the slide plate 3 is coated with a friction-reducing coating, which facilitates the movement of the switch rail on the upper surface of the slide plate 3.

[0055] Preferably, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the side of the extended boss is flush with the side wall of the tongue part 31, and there is a horizontal distance between the side of the extended boss and the side wall of the slide plate 3.

[0056] It is understandable that when the middle section of the base plate 1 located at the slide plate 3 is accelerated by setting an extension boss, the side wall of the pressing tongue 31 should be flush with the side wall of the extension boss to ensure that the pressing tongue 31 has sufficient width, ensure the strength of the pressing tongue 31, avoid the pressing tongue 31 from being easily broken, and improve the overall working stability and service life of the device.

[0057] According to another aspect of this application, a railway turnout is also provided, which includes the aforementioned turnout slide plate.

[0058] The railway turnout described in this application also has the aforementioned beneficial effects. It further includes integrally casting the turnout slide plate as a single piece, optimizing the structure of the hollow cavity 7 inside the slide plate platform 3, and opening 5 on the base plate 1 to avoid casting hot spots, shrinkage, and porosity problems in the thicker parts of the slide plate platform 3. Furthermore, the optimized structure of the slide plate platform 3 and the base plate 1 helps reduce the solidification shrinkage stress of the casting, effectively improving the problem of warping deformation of the base plate 1.

[0059] In summary, this application, as a rigid, press-fit, integrally cast slide plate, integrates the iron base 2, slide plate 3, and base plate 1 into a single casting. A hollow cavity 7 is created at the bottom of the slide plate 3 to avoid casting hot spots in thick areas, effectively eliminating hot spots, shrinkage cavities, and other casting defects such as the formation of casting hot spots during final solidification, stress concentration at the connection between the plate and base plate 1 leading to cracks, and the easy formation of shrinkage cavities within the plate. Furthermore, the slide plate 3 and base plate 1 form a box-shaped arch bridge structure, reducing solidification shrinkage stress and effectively improving warping deformation of the base plate 1. This solves the problem of warping deformation in the integrally cast slide plate base plate structure during production, preventing crack sources caused by defects in the integrally cast pad plate during line operation, thus avoiding pad breakage and failure, which could affect train safety.

[0060] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0061] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The examples are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that due to the limitations of written expression, and the existence of an infinite number of specific structures, those skilled in the art can make various improvements, modifications, or variations without departing from the principles of this application, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, variations, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered as protected by this application.

Claims

1. A switch bed plate, comprising a base plate (1) and an iron seat (2) arranged on the base plate (1), characterized in that, The turnout sliding bed plate further comprises a sliding bed plate table (3) arranged on the bottom plate (1), and a rail bearing groove (6) is formed between the sliding bed plate table (3) and the iron seat (2) to accommodate the basic rail of the railway turnout, and two tongue pressing portions (31) are arranged at one end of the sliding bed plate table (3) close to the iron seat (2), the two tongue pressing portions (31) are arranged on opposite sides of the sliding bed plate table (3) along the width direction of the bottom plate (1), the side of the tongue pressing portion (31) away from the other tongue pressing portion (31) is flush with the side wall of the bottom plate (1), the side wall of the sliding bed plate table (3) has a horizontal spacing with the side wall of the bottom plate (1), and the side wall of the sliding bed plate table (3) is provided with a pin hole (4).

2. A switch bed slide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that The bottom plate (1), the iron seat (2) and the sliding bed plate table (3) are integrally cast.

3. The switch sliding bed plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the sliding bed plate table (3) abutting against the bottom plate (1) is provided with a hollow cavity (7).

4. A switch bed slide plate according to claim 3, wherein, The hollow cavity (7) is open at both ends along the axial direction of the sliding bed plate table (3).

5. A switch bed slide plate according to claim 3, wherein, The pin hole (4) is arranged through the hollow cavity (7).

6. A switch bed slide plate according to claim 3, wherein An opening (5) is arranged below the hollow cavity (7) on the bottom plate (1).

7. A switch bed slide plate according to claim 6, characterised in that The area of the opening (5) is smaller than the area of the projection of the hollow cavity (7) on the bottom plate (1).

8. The switch sliding bed plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side walls of the bottom plate (1) on both sides of the sliding bed plate table (3) are provided with extension bosses.

9. A switch bed shoe according to claim 8, wherein, The side of the extension boss is flush with the side wall of the tongue pressing portion (31), and the side of the extension boss has a horizontal spacing with the side wall of the sliding bed plate table (3).

10. Railway turnout, characterized in that The turnout sliding bed plate comprises the turnout sliding bed plate as claimed in any one of claims 1-9.

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