Lithium battery pack with spontaneous combustion prevention function

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lithium battery pack with a spontaneous combustion prevention function, which relates to the technical field of lithium battery packs and comprises a battery box, the upper end of the battery box is fixedly connected with a box cover through bolts, the lower end of the box cover is provided with a sand storage cavity, and a second ceramic fiber fireproof blanket is laid on the inner side of the battery box. A water cooling plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the inner side of the second ceramic fiber fireproof blanket, a battery module is arranged at the upper end of the water cooling plate and comprises a plurality of battery cells connected in series, and fixing plates are fixedly connected to the upper ends and the lower ends of the battery cells; according to the lithium battery, the water cooling plate, the SMA trigger partition plates, the ceramic limiting fireproof blanket and the polyethylene plate are arranged to form a prevention, isolation and fire extinguishing three-stage protection system, so that spontaneous combustion and fire disasters of the lithium battery can be effectively prevented; and the safety and the reliability of the lithium battery pack in the use process are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lithium battery pack technology, specifically to a lithium battery pack with anti-self-ignition function. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion battery packs are battery systems composed of multiple lithium-ion battery cells connected together. They are widely used in electric vehicles, portable electronic devices, and renewable energy storage, with the aim of improving the overall capacity, energy density, and power output of batteries to meet the needs of different applications.

[0003] Traditional lithium battery packs rely on a single cooling channel, resulting in low heat dissipation efficiency and difficulty in dealing with localized overheating. Furthermore, when a single cell fails, heat can rapidly spread to adjacent cells, triggering a chain reaction. In addition, current fire prevention measures for lithium batteries mostly employ flame-retardant materials, but these layers are prone to failure at high temperatures and cannot actively isolate oxygen to suppress combustion. Therefore, this paper proposes a lithium battery pack with anti-self-ignition function to address the aforementioned problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, a lithium battery pack with anti-self-ignition function is provided. This technical solution solves the problems mentioned in the background technology, where traditional lithium battery packs rely on only a single cooling channel, resulting in low heat dissipation efficiency and difficulty in dealing with local overheating. Furthermore, when a single cell fails, heat will rapidly spread to adjacent cells, triggering a chain reaction. At the same time, current lithium battery fire prevention measures mostly use flame-retardant materials for covering, but the flame-retardant layer is prone to failure at high temperatures, making it difficult to actively isolate oxygen and inhibit combustion.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A lithium battery pack with anti-self-ignition function includes a battery box, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to a box cover by bolts, the lower end of which has a sand storage cavity, the inner side of which is covered with a second ceramic fiber fireproof blanket, the bottom inner side of which is fixedly connected to a water cooling plate, and the upper end of which is provided with a battery module.

[0007] The battery module includes several cells connected in series. Each cell has a fixed plate at both ends. An SMA trigger plate is fixedly connected between two fixed plates near the rear of the cells by a snap-fit ​​mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, a polyethylene plate is fixedly connected to the bottom inner side of the sand storage cavity, and a first ceramic fiber fireproof blanket is fixedly connected to the lower end of the polyethylene plate.

[0009] Preferably, the water-cooled plate has a serpentine cooling channel inside.

[0010] Preferably, the left and right ends of the water-cooled plate are respectively fixedly connected with an outlet pipe and an inlet pipe. The end of the outlet pipe away from the water-cooled plate passes through the second ceramic fiber fireproof blanket and the left side of the battery box and extends to the outside of the battery box. The end of the inlet pipe away from the water-cooled plate passes through the second ceramic fiber fireproof blanket and the right side of the battery box and extends to the outside of the battery box.

[0011] Preferably, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are connected to both ends of the serpentine cooling channel.

[0012] Preferably, the inner left and right ends of the second ceramic fiber fireproof blanket are fixedly connected to positioning frames, and the battery module is inserted into the inner side of the positioning frames.

[0013] Preferably, the SMA trigger plate is made of nickel-titanium alloy.

[0014] The advantages of this utility model compared with the prior art are:

[0015] This solution proposes a lithium battery pack with anti-self-ignition function. By setting up a water-cooled plate, SMA trigger separator, ceramic limiting fireproof blanket and polyethylene plate to form a three-level protection system of prevention, isolation and fire extinguishing, it can effectively prevent the occurrence of spontaneous combustion and fire of lithium battery, and improve the safety and reliability of lithium battery pack during use. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the battery box structure in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the battery module in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the battery module in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the box cover of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water-cooled plate in this utility model.

[0023] The numbers on the map are:

[0024] 1. Battery box; 2. Box cover; 201. Sand storage chamber; 202. Polyethylene sheet; 203. First ceramic fiber fireproof blanket; 3. Second ceramic fiber fireproof blanket; 4. Water cooling plate; 401. Serpentine cooling channel; 402. Liquid inlet pipe; 403. Liquid outlet pipe;

[0025] 5. Battery module; 501. Battery cell; 502. Fixing plate; 503. SMA trigger separator;

[0026] 6. Positioning frame. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following description is intended to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0028] Reference Figures 1-7 As shown, a lithium battery pack with anti-self-ignition function includes a battery box 1. The upper end of the battery box 1 is fixedly connected to a box cover 2 by bolts. The lower end of the box cover 2 is provided with a sand storage cavity 201. The inner side of the battery box 1 is covered with a second ceramic fiber fireproof blanket 3. The bottom inner side of the second ceramic fiber fireproof blanket 3 is fixedly connected to a water cooling plate 4. The upper end of the water cooling plate 4 is provided with a battery module 5.

[0029] The battery module 5 includes several cells 501 connected in series. Both the upper and lower ends of the cells 501 are fixedly connected to a fixing plate 502. SMA trigger separators 503 are fixedly connected to the two fixing plates 502 near the rear of the cells 501 by a snap-fit.

[0030] Furthermore, a serpentine cooling channel 401 is provided inside the water-cooled plate 4. An outlet pipe 403 and an inlet pipe 402 are fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the water-cooled plate 4, respectively. The end of the outlet pipe 403 away from the water-cooled plate 4 passes through the second ceramic fiber fireproof blanket 3 and the left side of the battery box 1 and extends to the outside of the battery box 1. The end of the inlet pipe 402 away from the water-cooled plate 4 passes through the second ceramic fiber fireproof blanket 3 and the right side of the battery box 1 and extends to the outside of the battery box 1. The inlet pipe 402 and the outlet pipe 403 are respectively connected to the two ends of the serpentine cooling channel 401. The ends of the inlet pipe 402 and the outlet pipe 403 away from the water-cooled plate 4 are fixedly connected to the outlet end and the inlet end of the circulating liquid cooling system, respectively.

[0031] Furthermore, the fixing plate 502 is used to fix the array of battery cells 501. It is made of thermally conductive material and can conduct heat to the water-cooled plate 4. The circulating liquid cooling system delivers coolant to the serpentine cooling channel 401 of the water-cooled plate 4 through the inlet pipe 402. When the coolant flows in the channel, according to the heat exchange principle, the heat generated by the operation of the battery cell 501 is transferred to the water-cooled plate 4 through the fixing plate 502, and then exchanges heat with the coolant flowing in the water-cooled plate 4. After absorbing heat, the temperature of the coolant rises. The coolant that has been heated by heat exchange is sent back to the circulating liquid cooling system through the outlet pipe 403 for cooling, and then is delivered to the water-cooled plate 4 again to form a cycle. This continuous heat exchange process can effectively remove the heat generated by the battery cell 501, control the temperature of the battery cell 501 within a safe range, and prevent the battery cell 501 from overheating and spontaneously combusting.

[0032] Furthermore, the SMA trigger separator 503 is made of nickel-titanium alloy. Nickel-titanium alloy has a shape memory effect. Under normal circumstances, it separates the cells 501. When a single cell 501 fails and its internal temperature rises to a certain level, reaching the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium alloy, the separator will change shape, curling into a cylindrical shape and wrapping around the outside of the faulty cell 501. This quickly isolates the abnormally heated cell 501 from other normal cells 501. Through physical isolation, it prevents further heat diffusion and avoids thermal runaway from spreading between cells 501. This effectively prevents the battery pack from spontaneously combusting due to local overheating.

[0033] Furthermore, a polyethylene plate 202 is fixedly connected to the bottom inner side of the sand storage chamber 201, and a first ceramic fiber fireproof blanket 203 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the polyethylene plate 202.

[0034] Furthermore, the inner left and right ends of the second ceramic fiber fireproof blanket 3 are fixedly connected with positioning frames 6, and the battery module 5 is inserted into the inner side of the positioning frames 6.

[0035] Furthermore, the inner side of the positioning frame 6 is the same size as the battery module 5, which serves to guide and limit the installation of the battery module 5.

[0036] Furthermore, the primary functions of the first ceramic fiber fireproof blanket 203 and the second ceramic fiber fireproof blanket 3 are heat insulation and fire prevention. The ceramic fiber material has extremely low thermal conductivity, which can effectively prevent heat from being transferred to the outside of the battery box 1, thus preventing the rapid spread of fire when the battery spontaneously combusts.

[0037] Furthermore, the sand storage chamber 201 is filled with sand for fire extinguishing. When the internal temperature of the battery pack rises abnormally and spontaneous combustion occurs, the temperature of the battery pack will gradually increase. When the first ceramic fiber fireproof blanket 203 is burned and cannot stop the spread of the fire, the polyethylene plate 202 will come into direct contact with the high temperature source, causing the polyethylene plate 202 to melt. After the polyethylene plate 202 melts, the sand in the sand storage chamber 201 will fall under the action of gravity and cover the battery module 5 to isolate oxygen, thereby preventing the fire caused by the spontaneous combustion of the battery from spreading further.

[0038] Working principle: During normal operation of battery module 5, the heat generated by the cell 501 is transferred to the water-cooled plate 4 through the fixing plate 502, and then exchanges heat with the coolant flowing inside the water-cooled plate 4. After absorbing heat, the coolant's temperature rises. The cooled coolant, after heat exchange, is sent back to the circulating liquid cooling system through the outlet pipe 403 for cooling, and then is transported back to the water-cooled plate 4 to form a cycle. This continuous heat exchange process effectively removes the heat generated by the cell 501, keeping the temperature of the cell 501 within a safe range and preventing the cell 501 from overheating and spontaneously combusting. When a single cell 501 fails, its internal temperature rises. When it reaches the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium alloy, the separator changes shape, curling into a cylindrical shape and wrapping around the outside of the faulty cell 501, quickly dissipating the abnormally hot heat. Cell 501 is isolated from other normal cells 501. Through physical isolation, further heat diffusion is prevented, avoiding the spread of thermal runaway between cells 501. This effectively prevents spontaneous combustion of the battery pack due to local overheating. When cell 501 spontaneously combusts, the first ceramic fiber fireproof blanket 203 and the second ceramic fiber fireproof blanket 3 can effectively prevent heat from being transferred to the outside of the battery box 1, preventing the rapid spread of the fire. When the first ceramic fiber fireproof blanket 203 is burned and cannot prevent the spread of the fire, the polyethylene plate 202 will come into direct contact with the high temperature source, causing the polyethylene plate 202 to melt. After the polyethylene plate 202 melts, the sand in the sand storage chamber 201 will fall under the action of gravity, covering the battery module 5 and isolating oxygen, thereby preventing the fire caused by spontaneous combustion of the battery from spreading further.

[0039] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A lithium battery pack with anti-self-ignition function, characterized in that, Including battery box (1), the upper end of battery box (1) is connected with box cover (2) through bolt fixing, the lower end of box cover (2) is equipped with sand storage cavity (201), the inside of battery box (1) is paved with second ceramic fiber fire blanket (3), the inside bottom end of second ceramic fiber fire blanket (3) is fixedly connected with water cooling plate (4), the upper end of water cooling plate (4) is provided with battery module (5); Wherein, the battery module (5) includes a plurality of series connected battery cells (501), the upper and lower ends of the battery cell (501) are fixedly connected with the fixing plate (502), and the rear side of the plurality of battery cells (501) between the two fixing plates (502) is fixedly connected with the SMA trigger partition (503) through the buckle.

2. The lithium battery pack with the anti-detonation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inside bottom end of the sand storage cavity (201) is fixedly connected with the polyethylene plate (202), and the lower end of the polyethylene plate (202) is fixedly connected with the first ceramic fiber fire blanket (203).

3. The lithium battery with the anti-detonation function according to claim 1, wherein: the lithium battery is a lithium ion battery. The inside of the water cooling plate (4) is provided with a serpentine cooling channel (401).

4. The lithium battery with the anti-detonation function according to claim 1, wherein the lithium battery is characterized in that: The left and right ends of the water cooling plate (4) are fixedly connected with the liquid outlet pipe (403) and the liquid inlet pipe (402) respectively, one end of the liquid outlet pipe (403) away from the water cooling plate (4) penetrates the left side of the second ceramic fiber fire blanket (3) and the battery box (1) in sequence and extends to the outside of the battery box (1), one end of the liquid inlet pipe (402) away from the water cooling plate (4) penetrates the right side of the second ceramic fiber fire blanket (3) and the battery box (1) in sequence and extends to the outside of the battery box (1).

5. The lithium battery with the self-ignition prevention function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid inlet pipe (402) and the liquid outlet pipe (403) are respectively communicated with both ends of the serpentine cooling channel (401).

6. The lithium battery with the anti-detonation function according to claim 1, wherein the lithium battery is characterized in that: The inside left end and the inside right end of the second ceramic fiber fire blanket (3) are fixedly connected with the positioning frame (6), and the battery module (5) is inserted into the inside of the positioning frame (6).

7. The lithium battery with the self-ignition prevention function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The SMA trigger partition (503) is made of nickel-titanium alloy.

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