Full-water-jacket pure oxygen continuous gasification furnace

Abstract

The utility model discloses a full water jacket pure oxygen continuous gasification furnace, which relates to the technical field of gasification furnaces and comprises a gasification furnace main body, the top of the gasification furnace main body is provided with an automatic stoker, a hydraulic coke detector, a radar coke detector and a gas outlet pipe, and the side end face of the gasification furnace main body is provided with an upper water jacket and a lower water jacket. A fire grate is arranged at the bottom of the inner end face of the gasification furnace body, a central air bellow, an ash discharging assembly and a fire bar machine assembly are arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace body, a feeding hopper is arranged at the top of the automatic stoker, a discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the automatic stoker, and a secondary distributor is arranged in the discharging opening. The gasification furnace has the advantages of high efficiency, stability, environmental protection and energy conservation, and solves the problems of'blow-over 'and'cavity' phenomena caused by unreasonable height-diameter ratio design of a traditional gasification furnace and carbon layer height fluctuation caused by a single ash discharge port.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gasification furnace technology, specifically a full water jacket pure oxygen continuous gasification furnace. Background Technology

[0002] In the chemical and energy sectors, fixed-bed gasifiers are widely used as important coal gasification equipment in the production of syngas and water gas. While traditional intermittent gasifiers have a simple structure, they suffer from significant drawbacks such as high coal consumption, discontinuous operation, and large emissions, making it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of modern industry for efficient and environmentally friendly production.

[0003] In recent years, with technological advancements, continuous gasifiers have gradually replaced intermittent equipment. However, they still face the following key challenges: some existing gasifier models are prone to "blowing out" or "voiding" inside the furnace due to unreasonable height-to-diameter ratio designs, further reducing gasification efficiency; gasifiers are prone to gas backfire in high-pressure pure oxygen environments, posing an explosion risk; traditional single-row ash outlet designs make it difficult to evenly discharge ash, leading to fluctuations in the height of the carbon layer inside the furnace, affecting the stability of continuous production; most gasifiers only have a single water jacket, resulting in insufficient steam by-product capacity, and wastewater and waste gas treatment technologies are inadequate. Therefore, a fully water-jacketed pure oxygen continuous gasifier is needed to solve these problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a full water jacket pure oxygen continuous gasifier, which has the advantages of high efficiency, stability, environmental protection and energy saving. It solves the problems of "blowing over" and "void" caused by unreasonable height-to-diameter ratio design of traditional gasifiers, as well as the problem of carbon layer height fluctuation caused by a single ash discharge port.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a full water-jacketed pure oxygen continuous gasifier, comprising a gasifier body, an automatic coal feeder, a hydraulic coke detector, a radar coke detector, and an exhaust pipe at the top of the gasifier body, an upper water jacket and a lower water jacket at the side end face of the gasifier body, a grate at the bottom of the inner end face of the gasifier body, a central air box, an ash removal assembly, and a grate assembly at the bottom of the gasifier body, a feed hopper at the top of the automatic coal feeder, a discharge port at the bottom of the automatic coal feeder, a secondary distributor inside the discharge port, a mixing flame arrester inside the central air box, and an ash collection box at the bottom of the ash removal assembly, wherein the number of ash removal assemblies is four.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a full water jacket pure oxygen continuous gasification furnace is provided with a first water inlet, a first water outlet and a first pressure sensor on the side end face of the upper water jacket, and a second water inlet, a second water outlet and a second pressure sensor on the side end face of the lower water jacket.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the secondary distributor includes a conical guide plate and a connecting frame, wherein the conical guide plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the discharge port via the connecting frame.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a full water jacket pure oxygen continuous gasification furnace, the mixing flame arrester includes a flow divider plate and a flame arrestor core, wherein the flow divider plate is fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the flame arrestor core.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the fully water-jacketed pure oxygen continuous gasification furnace of this utility model, the grate has a regular hexagonal structure.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a full water jacket pure oxygen continuous gasification furnace has four sets of ash removal components arranged in an equidistant circular array at the bottom of the gasification furnace body.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the height-to-diameter ratio of the main body of the gasifier is greater than 3.3:1.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0013] 1. This utility model adopts an upper and lower water jacket structure. Through differentiated pressure design (low pressure in the upper water jacket and high pressure in the lower jacket) and tubular heating surface, heat recovery and utilization are optimized. The upper water jacket absorbs the waste heat in the upper part of the gasifier, reduces the gas temperature and produces steam as a by-product, and reduces heat loss. The lower jacket increases the pressure of its self-produced steam through pressure-resistant design, concentrating the heat of the raw coal in the gasification reaction, reducing coal consumption and coke return rate. The increased height of the jacketed boiler effectively suppresses the problem of scale buildup. Combined with a real-time pressure monitoring system, it ensures the safe and stable operation of the jacket, while achieving zero waste gas emission and closed-loop wastewater circulation, resulting in significant environmental benefits.

[0014] 2. This utility model solves the problem of uneven raw material distribution in a high-diameter-ratio furnace by using a secondary raw material distributor (conical guide plate structure) and a central air box mixing flame arrester (combination of grid diversion plate and flame arrester core), optimizes the uniformity of gasifying agent mixing, and guides the raw material to evenly cover the furnace cross section, avoiding local accumulation or voids; the mixing flame arrester has both uniform gas distribution and flame backlash prevention functions, preventing gas backfire from causing safety accidents. The two work together to ensure uniform temperature distribution in the gasification layer, improve gasification efficiency and equipment safety.

[0015] 3. This utility model adopts a thirteen-layer hexagonal grate and a four-row ash outlet design, combined with a trapezoidal slag-breaking rib layout, to enhance slag breaking capacity and ash discharge uniformity. The enlarged and thickened slag-breaking ribs of the grate extend service life, balance the ash and slag descent speed, and avoid uneven heat distribution. The four rows of ash outlets are arranged in a circumferential array, and with the help of an automatic ash discharge system, the ash and slag are cleaned regularly to maintain a stable carbon layer height in the furnace and prevent blow-over or voids. The height-to-diameter ratio of more than 3.3:1 further reduces carry-out materials, increases gas production, and achieves continuous and efficient production. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a top view of the main body of the gasifier of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 For the present utility model Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a top view of the secondary distributor of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the central bellows and flame arrester of this utility model in their combined state.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Gasifier body; 2. Automatic coal feeder; 201. Feed inlet; 3. Feed hopper; 301. Manual slide gate valve; 302. Fully sealed slide gate valve; 303. Coke feeding seat slide gate valve; 4. Hydraulic coke detector; 5. Radar coke detector; 6. Secondary distributor; 601. Conical guide plate; 602. Connecting frame; 7. Gas outlet pipe; 8. Water jacket; 801. First water inlet; 802. First water outlet. 803. Water inlet; 9. First pressure sensor; 10. Water jacket; 11. Second water inlet; 12. Second water outlet; 13. Second pressure sensor; 14. Grate; 15. Ash discharge assembly; 16. Ash and slag collection box; 17. Ash discharge gate valve; 18. Central air box; 19. Mixing flame arrester; 10. Flame arrestor core; 10. Diverter plate; 10. Support; 11. Grate furnace assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Please see Figures 1-5A continuous pure oxygen gasifier with a full water jacket includes a gasifier body 1. The top of the gasifier body 1 is equipped with an automatic coal feeder 2, a hydraulic coke detector 4, a radar coke detector 5, and an exhaust pipe 7. A feed hopper 3 is located at the upper end of the automatic coal feeder 2. An upper water jacket 8, a lower water jacket 9, and a support 15 are located on the side end face of the gasifier body 1. A grate 10 is located at the bottom of the inner end face of the gasifier body 1. A middle... The automatic coal feeder 2 is equipped with a feed hopper 3 at the top and a manual slide valve 301 at the bottom. The automatic coal feeder 2 is also equipped with a fully sealed slide valve 302 and a coke feeding seat slide valve 303. The automatic coal feeder 2 is equipped with a discharge port 201 at the bottom and a secondary distributor 6 inside the discharge port 201. The central air box 13 is equipped with a mixing flame arrester 14.

[0023] Furthermore, the side end face of the upper water jacket 8 is provided with a first water inlet 801, a first water outlet 802 and a first pressure sensor 803, and the side end face of the lower water jacket 9 is provided with a second water inlet 901, a second water outlet 902 and a second pressure sensor 903.

[0024] Pressure sensors are installed at the top of the upper and lower water jackets to monitor the operating pressure of the jackets in real time. The upper and lower water jackets are designed to withstand pressures of 0.6 MPa and 1.6 MPa, respectively. The upper water jacket absorbs heat further to reduce the gas temperature due to the lower temperature at the top of the gasifier, while still producing by-product steam. The gasifier continuously gasifies without waste gas emissions, resulting in good environmental benefits. The lower jacket adopts a pipe-type pressure-resistant jacket to increase the pressure of self-produced steam, allowing the limited heat in the raw coal to be used for gasification as much as possible, while producing less steam. This helps to reduce coal consumption and coke return rate. At the same time, the increased height of the jacketed boiler effectively controls the problem of coal residue buildup and significantly improves operational flexibility.

[0025] Furthermore, the secondary distributor 6 includes a conical guide plate 601 and a connecting frame 602, wherein the conical guide plate 601 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the discharge port 201 via the connecting frame 602.

[0026] Because the gasifier has a large height-to-diameter ratio, the furnace height is higher than that of a traditional gasifier. As a result, the raw materials fed into the furnace from the coal feeder will be unevenly distributed. Adding a secondary raw material distributor 6 makes the raw materials evenly distributed in the furnace, ensuring the stable operation of the gasifier.

[0027] Furthermore, the mixed flame arrester 14 includes a flow divider 1042 and a flame arrester core 1041, with the flow divider 1042 fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the flame arrester core 1041.

[0028] The diversion plate 1042 has a grid structure. A mixing flame arrester 14 is added inside the central air box 13 to further mix the gasifying agent in the central air box 13, which is beneficial to the gasification of raw materials. Another purpose of adding the mixing flame arrester 14 is to prevent the gas in the gasifier from backfire and causing safety accidents, thereby improving the safety of the equipment.

[0029] Furthermore, the grate 10 has a regular hexagonal structure.

[0030] The 13-layer hexagonal grate 10 features reasonable air distribution and enlarged and thickened slag-breaking ribs, resulting in strong slag-breaking ability. The ash and slag descend at a uniform rate in each ring zone, ensuring even heat distribution within the furnace and low residual carbon content in the ash and slag. Furthermore, the reinforced and thickened slag-breaking ribs extend the service life and improve slag breaking and discharge capabilities.

[0031] Furthermore, an ash collection box 12 is provided at the bottom of the ash discharge assembly 11, and a lower ash gate valve 1201 is provided at the bottom of the ash collection box 12. There are four ash discharge assemblies 11, and the four sets of ash discharge assemblies 11 are arranged in an equidistant circular array at the bottom of the gasifier body 1.

[0032] Due to the function of the grate 10, the ash is evenly distributed on the inner end face edge of the gasifier body 1. The traditional single ash discharge component 11 of the gasifier cannot discharge the ash evenly. The four-row ash discharge component 11 structure cleans the ash and slag regularly, which improves the uniformity of coke height in the gasifier body 1 and improves the continuous production efficiency.

[0033] Furthermore, the height-to-diameter ratio of the gasifier body 1 is greater than 3.3:1.

[0034] The gasifier is designed with a height-to-diameter ratio greater than 3.3:1, and the gas outlet is located at the top of the furnace. This can effectively reduce the amount of material carried out of the furnace, increase the height of the carbon layer inside the furnace, avoid "blowing" and "voids", increase the gas production, ensure smooth gas discharge, and reduce coal and steam consumption.

[0035] When using this gasifier, the automatic coal feeder 2 is started, and raw coal is fed into the gasifier through the feed hopper 3. The raw material is evenly distributed to the furnace cross section through the secondary distributor 6 at the discharge port 201 to avoid local accumulation or voids. Oxygen and steam are fully mixed by the mixing flame arrester 14 in the central air box 13 and then enter the gasifier from the bottom of the furnace. The grid diversion plate 1042 of the mixing flame arrester 14 ensures uniform distribution of the gasifying agent, and the flame arrester core 1041 prevents backfire of the gas. By adjusting the oxygen and steam ratio, the gasification layer temperature is controlled at 400-550℃, and real-time monitoring is performed. The pressure and temperature of the upper and lower water jackets are monitored to maintain the stable operation of the jacketed boiler. When ash discharge is required, the four ash discharge port components are activated to periodically discharge ash and slag through the circumferentially distributed ash discharge channels, maintaining a uniform carbon layer height in the furnace. The trapezoidal slag-breaking ribs of the grate 10 continuously break large pieces of ash and slag. In conjunction with the frequency conversion speed regulation of the grate assembly 16, the ash and slag descent speed is balanced. Pressure sensors track the pressure fluctuations of the upper and lower jackets in real time. If any abnormality is detected, leaks or blockages are immediately investigated. The mixing flame arrester 14 prevents backfire throughout the process. A sealing device is installed at the gas outlet to prevent the leakage of flammable gases.

[0036] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A full water jacketed pure oxygen continuous gasifier comprising a gasifier body (1) characterized by: The top of the gasification furnace body (1) is provided with an automatic coal feeder (2), a hydraulic focus finder (4), a radar focus finder (5) and an air outlet pipe (7), the side end face of the gasification furnace body (1) is provided with an upper water jacket (8) and a lower water jacket (9), the inner end face bottom of the gasification furnace body (1) is provided with a grate (10), the bottom of the gasification furnace body (1) is provided with a central air bellow (13), an ash removal assembly (11) and a grate bar machine assembly (16), the top of the automatic coal feeder (2) is provided with a feeding hopper (3), the bottom of the automatic coal feeder (2) is provided with a discharge port (201), the discharge port (201) is provided with a secondary distributor (6) inside, the central air bellow (13) is provided with a mixed flame arrester (14) inside, the bottom of the ash removal assembly (11) is provided with an ash collection box (12), and the number of the ash removal assembly (11) is four.

2. A full water jacketed pure oxygen continuous gasifier as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The height-diameter ratio of the gasification furnace body (1) is greater than 3.3:

1.

3. A full water jacketed pure oxygen continuous gasification furnace as claimed in claim 2 wherein: The side end face of the upper water jacket (8) is provided with a first water inlet (801), a first water outlet (802) and a first pressure sensor (803), and the side end face of the lower water jacket (9) is provided with a second water inlet (901), a second water outlet (902) and a second pressure sensor (903).

4. A full water jacketed pure oxygen continuous gasifier as claimed in claim 2 wherein: The secondary distributor (6) comprises a conical guide plate (601) and a connecting frame (602), and the conical guide plate (601) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the discharge port (201) through the connecting frame (602).

5. A full water jacketed pure oxygen continuous gasifier as claimed in claim 2 wherein: The mixed flame arrester (14) comprises a shunt plate (1042) and a flame arrester core (1041), and the shunt plate (1042) is fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the flame arrester core (1041).

6. A full water jacketed pure oxygen continuous gasification furnace as claimed in claim 2 wherein: The grate (10) is a regular hexagonal structure.

7. A full water jacketed pure oxygen continuous gasification furnace as claimed in claim 2 wherein: Four groups of ash removal assemblies (11) are arranged in equidistant circumferential array at the bottom of the gasification furnace body (1).

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