Allium fistulosum vegetable harvesting and tidying all-in-one machine

Abstract

The utility model provides a green onion vegetable harvesting and tidying all-in-one machine which comprises a chassis, a power device is arranged on the chassis, wheels are hinged to the lower portion of the chassis, the power device is connected with the wheels through a walking driving mechanism, and a digging shovel, a conveying device, a quantifying device, a bundling device and a discharging device are sequentially connected from the front end to the rear end of the chassis. A soil cleaning device is arranged below the conveying device, the walking driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the digging shovel through a cam mechanism, the power device is connected with the conveying device through a transmission mechanism, and the walking driving mechanism is connected with the soil cleaning device through an operation mechanism. According to the utility model, the integration of digging, conveying, soil cleaning, bundling and collecting is realized, the harvesting efficiency is greatly improved, and the agricultural production efficiency is improved; the design of each part is optimized, the damage rate of vegetables is reduced, the freshness and integrity of the vegetables are kept, and the product quality and the market competitiveness are improved; the human input and the labor cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mechanical technology and relates to an automatic harvesting device, particularly an integrated harvesting and sorting machine for onion vegetables. Background Technology

[0002] As a major agricultural country and vegetable producer, my country has a wide planting area for scallions, with a considerable annual output, making it a key industry for rural economic development. However, scallion harvesting faces many challenges. Traditional manual harvesting methods are labor-intensive, inefficient, and fail to guarantee quality. Regarding mechanized harvesting, segmented harvesters can only loosen the soil and lift the scallions, requiring significant manual labor afterward, resulting in high labor costs. Combine harvesters, on the other hand, suffer from technical bottlenecks, such as low operating efficiency and low weed removal rates.

[0003] While various harvesters exist abroad, some with mature technologies, their adoption in China is limited due to differences in operating environments and planting methods. Although China's harvester industry has developed rapidly, its level of mechanization in processing still lags behind developed countries. Most harvesting operations are semi-manual and semi-mechanical, and equipment capable of full mechanization is scarce, failing to meet the needs of the scallion industry. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a new type of intelligent scallion harvesting and processing machine to help scallion growers achieve fully automated vegetable harvesting, improving harvest quality and efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies by proposing an integrated harvesting and processing machine for onion-type vegetables.

[0005] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solution: A harvesting and sorting machine for onions includes a chassis, a power unit mounted on the chassis, wheels hinged below the chassis, the power unit connected to the wheels via a walking drive mechanism, and a digging shovel, a conveying device, a metering device, a binding device, and an unloading device sequentially connected from the front end to the rear end of the chassis. A soil-cleaning device is installed below the conveying device. The walking drive mechanism is connected to the digging shovel via a cam mechanism, the power unit is connected to the conveying device via a transmission mechanism, and the walking drive mechanism is connected to the soil-cleaning device via a running mechanism.

[0006] In the aforementioned integrated harvesting and sorting machine for onions, the conveying device includes a front frame and a middle frame fixed on the chassis. The front frame is rotatably connected to a pair of vertical rollers via a vertical shaft. A pair of roller assemblies are hinged on the middle frame. Each roller assembly includes a horizontal shaft mounted on the middle frame. A horizontal roller is fixedly mounted on the horizontal shaft. Flexible belts are fitted onto the vertical rollers and horizontal rollers in a one-to-one correspondence. A turning and transmission channel is formed between the two flexible belts. The vertical shaft of the vertical roller is connected to a fixed frame. A movable frame is hinged on the fixed frame. An adjusting roller is rotatably connected to the movable frame. A tension spring is connected between the fixed frame and the movable frame. The adjusting roller tensions the flexible belt from the inside.

[0007] In the aforementioned integrated harvesting and sorting machine for onions, the power unit includes a motor unit fixedly mounted on the chassis. The motor unit has several output shafts. The transmission mechanism includes a main wheel fixedly mounted on an output shaft, a secondary wheel sleeved at the end of a horizontal shaft, a belt sleeved on the outer periphery of the main wheel and the secondary wheel, and two spur gears fixedly mounted at the ends of the two horizontal shafts, forming a tooth meshing connection.

[0008] In the aforementioned integrated harvesting and sorting machine for onions, the walking drive mechanism includes two drive shafts hinged to the chassis. A first walking pulley is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft, and a second walking pulley is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor unit. A first opening is provided on the chassis, through which the first and second walking pulleys are connected by a walking belt. A first bevel gear is fixedly mounted at the end of the drive shaft, and a second bevel gear is fixedly mounted at the end of the wheel's central axle. The first bevel gear and the second bevel gear form a tooth meshing connection.

[0009] In the above-mentioned integrated harvesting and sorting machine for onion vegetables, the digging shovel includes two symmetrically arranged shovels fixed to the front end of the chassis, and a bottom shovel is arranged between the two shovels. Guide grooves are opened on the shovels, and guide rods are fixed to the bottom shovels. The two ends of the guide rods are connected to the guide grooves on both sides to form a guide connection.

[0010] The cam mechanism includes a drive shaft hinged to the chassis, a cam fixedly mounted on the drive shaft, the cam being fixedly connected to the bottom shovel via a connecting rod, a bevel gear three fixedly mounted at one end of the drive shaft, and a bevel gear one on the transmission shaft meshing with the bevel gear three.

[0011] In the above-mentioned integrated harvesting and sorting machine for onion vegetables, the soil cleaning device includes an inclined frame, on which a pair of inclined cylinders are installed. The rotating shaft of the inclined cylinder is hinged to the inclined frame. Brush bristles are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the inclined cylinder. A second flat gear is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft of the inclined cylinder, and the two second flat gears are connected in a toothed meshing manner.

[0012] The operating mechanism includes a first cleaning pulley fixedly mounted on the drive shaft, a vertical rod fixedly mounted on the chassis, a second cleaning pulley hinged to the vertical rod, a second opening on the chassis, and a cleaning belt passing through the second opening to connect the first and second cleaning pulleys. The shaft of the second cleaning pulley is connected to the shaft of any of the inclined cylinders via a cross bearing.

[0013] In the above-mentioned integrated harvesting and sorting machine for onion vegetables, the quantitative device includes a buffer platform connected to the rear of the horizontal roller. The buffer platform includes a downward-sloping bottom plate with openings at both the front and rear. Vertical baffles are erected at the left and right ends of the downward-sloping bottom plate, and two parallel slots are opened on the downward-sloping bottom plate.

[0014] A bracket is installed on the chassis of the vehicle. A rotary motor is fixedly mounted on the bracket. A first sway gear is fixedly mounted on the shaft of the rotary motor. A sway shaft is hinged on the bracket. A second sway gear is fixedly mounted on the sway shaft. The first sway gear and the second sway gear form a tooth meshing connection. A rocker arm is fixedly connected to the sway shaft. Both ends of the rocker arm are connected to baffles. The two baffles are connected to two slots in a one-to-one correspondence to form an upper and lower guide sliding connection.

[0015] In the above-mentioned integrated harvesting and sorting machine for onions, the binding device includes a fixed semi-cylinder fixed on the support frame. The fixed semi-cylinder has an arc notch facing the buffer platform. A swing motor is fixed on the support frame. The rotating shaft of the swing motor is fixedly connected to the rotating semi-cylinder. The rotating semi-cylinder is embedded in the inner circumference of the fixed semi-cylinder to form a sliding connection. The rotating semi-cylinder has an arc notch.

[0016] In the above-mentioned integrated harvesting and sorting machine for onion vegetables, the binding device further includes a rope winder and a knotter. The rope winder is set on the support and corresponds to the open ends of the fixed semi-cylinder and the rotating semi-cylinder. The knotter is set on the support and located below the rope winder.

[0017] The rope winder includes a base, on which a cable reel is fixedly connected by a connecting rod.

[0018] The knotter includes a rope-pulling motor, the shaft of which is fixed to a U-shaped frame via a connecting rod. A notch is provided at one end of the U-shaped frame, and an automatic cutting assembly is mounted on the lower notch. The automatic cutting assembly includes blades symmetrically hinged to the notch. Springs connect the outer ends of the two blades to the U-shaped frame, and the inner ends of the two blades close the notch. The cutting edges of the blades face inwards from the notch.

[0019] The knotter also includes a pitch motor, on which a fourth bevel gear is fixedly mounted; a swing seat is hinged to the bracket; a fifth bevel gear is fixedly connected to the bottom of the swing seat; the fourth bevel gear and the fifth bevel gear are meshed; a knotting motor is installed inside the swing seat; the shaft of the knotting motor is connected to a clamp; the clamp includes a fixed clamp and a movable clamp; the movable clamp is driven by a clamping motor.

[0020] In the aforementioned integrated harvesting and sorting machine for onions, the unloading device includes a receiving hopper connected to the lower part of the arc notch of the fixed semi-cylinder. The lower part of the receiving hopper is connected to the unloading box. A load-bearing frame is provided at the bottom of the unloading box. A row of unloading rollers is hinged inside the load-bearing frame. The row of unloading rollers is arranged to gradually slope downwards towards the rear end of the chassis. A weight sensor is installed on the bottom wall of the load-bearing frame. A discharge door is hinged to the rear port of the unloading box. A push-pull device is provided on at least one outer wall of the unloading box. The telescopic end of the push-pull device is connected to the discharge door.

[0021] Compared with existing technologies, this integrated harvesting and processing machine for onions and other vegetables has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. Highly efficient and automated operation: This equipment fully automates the harvesting, soil cleaning, quantitative measurement, bundling, and unloading processes of onions and other vegetables, greatly improving work efficiency and reducing the labor intensity of manual operation. At the same time, the coordinated operation of each step ensures smoothness and continuity of the work.

[0023] 2. Protecting vegetable quality: In the equipment design, the combination of flexible belt and roller can effectively protect the integrity of scallions during the conveying process and avoid damage caused by mechanical contact. In particular, the design of the turning transmission channel can ensure that the scallion stalks are not crushed during the transportation process after harvesting.

[0024] 3. Precise quantitative control: The quantitative device precisely separates the scallions by adjusting the buffer platform and baffles up and down, and adjusts the spacing as needed to ensure that the quantity and arrangement of each bundle of scallions are uniform, avoiding too many or too few bundles, which helps to improve the efficiency of subsequent bundling.

[0025] 4. Excellent Soil Removal Effect: The soil removal device, through the combination of an inclined cylinder and brush bristles, effectively removes soil from the roots of scallions, ensuring that the cleanliness of the scallions meets market requirements and improving the appearance and quality of the final product. At the same time, the inclined cylinder design facilitates full contact with the scallion roots during the soil removal process, ensuring thorough cleaning.

[0026] 5. Efficient and Convenient Bundling and Packaging: The bundling device of this equipment is ingeniously designed. Through the coordinated work of the rope winder, knotter, and automatic cutting component, the bundling of scallions is completed quickly and accurately. The automated bundling process avoids the inefficiency and labor intensity of traditional manual bundling, while ensuring the consistency and strength of the bundling.

[0027] 6. Intelligent unloading function: The unloading device, combined with a weight sensor, ensures that when the bundled scallions reach the predetermined weight, the unloading gate automatically opens, unloading the scallions into the unloading box and smoothly delivering them to the outside. This design avoids the tediousness of manual unloading, making the unloading process faster, more accurate, and more efficient.

[0028] 7. Flexible walking drive system: It adopts a walking drive mechanism with steering function, which can operate flexibly in different working environments, supports forward, backward and left and right turns, and ensures good adaptability and maneuverability of the machine in complex terrain, making it suitable for onion field operations of various sizes.

[0029] 8. Rational structural design and easy maintenance: The entire system is rationally constructed, with clear designs for each functional module, such as the motor, transmission device, and binding device, facilitating daily inspection, maintenance, and troubleshooting. Furthermore, some modules utilize mature equipment from existing technological fields (such as rope winders and knotters), reducing development difficulty and improving equipment reliability.

[0030] In summary, this invention integrates digging, conveying, soil removal, bundling, and collection, significantly improving harvesting efficiency and agricultural production efficiency. It optimizes the design of each component, reducing vegetable damage rates, maintaining the freshness and integrity of vegetables, and improving product quality and market competitiveness. It also reduces labor input and lowers labor costs. Furthermore, by adjusting parameters and execution sequence, this machine can be applied to the harvesting of various onion-like vegetables and similar crops, demonstrating strong adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the front end of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the rear end of this utility model.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view of the bottom surface of this utility model.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the power transmission system of this utility model.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the excavating shovel and cam mechanism of this utility model.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the vertical roller of this utility model.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the soil-removing device of this utility model.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the quantitative device and the binding device of this utility model.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the binding device of this utility model.

[0040] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the knotter in the binding device of this utility model.

[0041] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the unloading device of this utility model.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Chassis; 2. Wheels; 3. Motor unit; 4. Drive shaft; 5. Travel pulley one; 6. Travel pulley two; 7. Travel belt; 8. Bevel gear one; 9. Bevel gear two; 10. Sloping shovel; 11. Bottom shovel; 12. Guide rod; 13. Drive shaft; 14. Cam; 15. Bevel gear three; 16. Vertical roller; 17. Horizontal roller; 18. Flexible belt; 19. Fixed frame; 20. Movable frame; 21. Adjusting roller; 22. Tension spring; 23. Main wheel one; 24. Secondary wheel one; 25. Belt one; 26. Flat gear one; 27. Inclined cylinder; 28. Flat gear two; 29. ​​Soil-cleaning pulley one; 30. Soil-cleaning pulley two; 31. 32. Cleaning conveyor belt; 33. Cross bearing; 34. Buffer platform; 35. Rotary motor; 36. Swing gear one; 37. Swing gear two; 38. Rocker arm; 39. Baffle; 40. Fixed semi-cylinder; 41. Swing motor; 42. Rotating semi-cylinder; 43. Base; 44. Wire reel; 45. Rope pull motor; 46. U-shaped frame; 47. Blade; 48. Spring; 49. Tilting motor; 50. Bevel gear four; 51. Swing seat; 52. Bevel gear five; 53. Fixed clamp; 54. Movable clamp; 55. Receiving hopper; 56. Unloading box; 57. Load-bearing frame; 58. Unloading roller; 59. Weight sensor; 60. Discharge gate; 71. Push-pull device. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, this integrated harvesting and sorting machine for onions includes a chassis 1, a power unit mounted on the chassis 1, and wheels 2 hinged below the chassis 1. The power unit is connected to the wheels 2 through a walking drive mechanism. From the front end to the rear end of the chassis 1, a digging shovel, a conveying device, a metering device, a binding device, and an unloading device are sequentially connected. A soil cleaning device is installed below the conveying device. The walking drive mechanism is connected to the digging shovel through a cam mechanism. The power unit is connected to the conveying device through a transmission mechanism. The walking drive mechanism is connected to the soil cleaning device through a running mechanism.

[0045] The power unit includes a motor unit 3 fixed to the chassis 1, and the motor unit 3 has several output shafts.

[0046] like Figure 3 and 4 As shown, the walking drive mechanism includes two drive shafts 4 hinged on the chassis 1. A first walking pulley 5 is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 4, and a second walking pulley 6 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor unit 3. A through-hole is opened on the chassis 1, and a walking belt 7 passes through the through-hole to connect the first walking pulley 5 and the second walking pulley 6. A first bevel gear 8 is fixedly mounted at the end of the drive shaft 4, and a second bevel gear 9 is fixedly mounted at the end of the central axle of the wheel 2. The first bevel gear 8 and the second bevel gear 9 form a tooth meshing connection.

[0047] Two drive shafts 4 are arranged along the length of the chassis 1. Two wheels 2 are hinged to the left side and two wheels 2 are hinged to the right side of the chassis 1. One drive shaft 4 connects to the two wheels 2 on the left side and the other drive shaft 4 connects to the two wheels 2 on the right side.

[0048] Motor unit 3 drives the left output shaft to rotate forward, and the left drive shaft 4 rotates synchronously forward. Motor unit 3 drives the right output shaft to rotate in the opposite direction, and the right drive shaft 4 rotates synchronously in the opposite direction. The wheels 2 on both sides rotate forward synchronously, achieving forward drive. Motor unit 3 drives the left output shaft to rotate in the opposite direction, and the left drive shaft 4 rotates synchronously in the opposite direction. Motor unit 3 drives the right output shaft to rotate forward, and the right drive shaft 4 rotates synchronously in the forward direction. The wheels 2 on both sides rotate backward synchronously, achieving reverse drive. Motor unit 3 drives both output shafts to synchronously drive both drive shafts 4 to rotate forward, the left wheel 2 rotates forward, and the right wheel 2 rotates backward, achieving right turn drive. Motor unit 3 drives both output shafts to synchronously drive both drive shafts 4 in the opposite direction, the left wheel 2 rotates backward, and the right wheel 2 rotates forward, achieving left turn drive.

[0049] like Figure 5 As shown, the excavator includes two sloping shovels 10 fixed to the front end of the chassis 1 and symmetrically arranged. A bottom shovel 11 is arranged between the two sloping shovels 10. Guide grooves are opened on the sloping shovels 10. Guide rods 12 are fixed on the bottom shovel 11. The two ends of the guide rods 12 are connected to the guide grooves on both sides to form a guide connection.

[0050] The guide groove is inclined along the forward direction, and the guide rod 12 is perpendicular to the guide groove. When the guide rod 12 slides back and forth along the guide groove, the bottom shovel 11 moves back and forth horizontally. The bottom shovel 11 can be a flat shovel, a V-shaped shovel, or an arc-shaped shovel. The flat shovel is more effective for cutting and lifting the roots of the scallion.

[0051] The cam mechanism includes a drive shaft 13 hinged to the chassis 1, a cam 14 fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 13, the cam 14 being fixedly connected to the bottom shovel 11 via a connecting rod, a bevel gear 3 15 fixedly mounted at one end of the drive shaft 13, and a bevel gear 8 on the transmission shaft 4 forming a tooth meshing connection with the bevel gear 3 15.

[0052] The motor unit 3 drives the output shaft to rotate, and the corresponding transmission shaft 4 rotates synchronously. Through gear meshing, the drive shaft 13 rotates, which in turn drives the cam 14 on it to rotate synchronously. Because the radius of the cam 14 changes with a curve, it drives the bottom shovel 11 to perform a back-and-forth reciprocating motion, thus realizing the function of shoveling onions. The digging shovel has a three-blade semi-enclosed structure, which, in conjunction with the cam mechanism, enables efficient cutting of the root system while ensuring low propulsion resistance.

[0053] like Figure 1 and 6 As shown, the conveying device includes a front frame and a middle frame fixed on the chassis 1. The front frame is rotatably connected to a pair of vertical rollers 16 via a vertical shaft. A pair of roller assemblies are hinged on the middle frame. Each roller assembly includes a horizontal shaft mounted on the middle frame, with a horizontal roller 17 fixedly mounted on the horizontal shaft. Flexible belts 18 are fitted onto the vertical rollers 16 and horizontal rollers 17 in a one-to-one correspondence. The flexible belts 18 are specifically made of sponge belts, which protect the scallions during the conveying process. A turning transmission channel is formed between the two flexible belts 18, and the width of the turning transmission channel / diameter of the scallion (compression ratio) is 0.6.

[0054] The vertically positioned scallion is rotated to a horizontal position via a steering transmission channel, i.e., rotated 90°. The vertical shaft of the vertical roller 16 is connected to a fixed frame 19, and a movable frame 20 is hinged to the fixed frame 19. An adjusting roller 21 is rotatably connected to the movable frame 20. A tension spring 22 connects the fixed frame 19 and the movable frame 20. The adjusting roller 21 tensions a flexible belt 18 from the inside; the flexible belt 18 has a width of 150mm. The elastic force of the tension spring 22 maintains the bending angle between the fixed frame 19 and the movable frame 20. The two adjusting rollers 21 support the inlet position of the flexible belt 18, causing the inlet to open outwards by approximately 100°, allowing the scallion to enter along the opening. When a thicker scallion is at the inlet, the stalk pushes the adjusting rollers 21 on both sides backwards and opens, stretching the tension spring 22. After the scallion passes through the inlet, under the tension of the tension spring 22, the adjusting rollers 21 on both sides return to their original position, and the width of the inlet returns to its initial size.

[0055] like Figure 1 and 4As shown, the transmission mechanism includes a main wheel 23 fixedly sleeved on an output shaft, a secondary wheel 24 sleeved at the end of a horizontal shaft, a belt 25 sleeved on the outer periphery of the main wheel 23 and the secondary wheel 24, and a spur gear 26 fixedly sleeved at the ends of both horizontal shafts, with the two spur gears 26 forming a tooth meshing connection.

[0056] The starter motor 3 drives the main wheel 23 to rotate, which in turn drives the auxiliary wheel 24 and a horizontal shaft to rotate via the belt 25. Through the meshing transmission of two flat gears 26, the two horizontal rollers 17 are synchronously driven to rotate. Furthermore, the two flexible belts 18 and the two vertical rollers 16 rotate, which enables the steering transmission channel to start operating.

[0057] like Figure 7 As shown, the soil clearing device includes an inclined frame, on which a pair of inclined cylinders 27 are mounted, with the inclined cylinders 27 inclined at a 30° angle to the ground. The rotating shaft of the inclined cylinder 27 is hinged to the inclined frame, and brush bristles are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the inclined cylinder 27. A second spur gear 28 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft of the inclined cylinder 27, and the two spur gears 28 are meshed together.

[0058] The operating mechanism includes a soil cleaning pulley 29 fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 4, a support rod fixedly mounted on the chassis 1, a soil cleaning pulley 30 hinged on the support rod, a passage 2 on the chassis 1, and a soil cleaning belt 31 passing through the passage 2 to connect the soil cleaning pulley 29 and the soil cleaning pulley 30. The shaft of the soil cleaning pulley 30 is connected to the shaft of any inclined cylinder 27 through a cross bearing 32.

[0059] The motor unit 3 drives the output shaft to rotate, and the corresponding transmission shaft 4 rotates synchronously. Through the soil cleaning pulley 29 and the soil cleaning belt 31, the soil cleaning pulley 30 rotates. The cross bearing 32 drives the rotation of one of its inclined cylinders 27, and through the meshing of the teeth, it drives the other inclined cylinder 27 to rotate. The bristles on the inclined cylinder 27 continuously rotate to clean the soil from the roots of the scallions.

[0060] like Figure 2 and 8 As shown, the metering device includes a buffer platform 33 connected to the rear of the horizontal roller 17. The buffer platform 33 includes a downward-sloping bottom plate with a 30° inclination angle to the horizontal plane. The front and rear of the downward-sloping bottom plate are open, and the left and right ends of the downward-sloping bottom plate are supported by vertical baffles. Two parallel slots are opened on the downward-sloping bottom plate.

[0061] A bracket is installed on the chassis 1, and a rotary motor 34 is fixedly mounted on the bracket. A first sway gear 35 is fixedly mounted on the shaft of the rotary motor 34. A sway shaft is hinged on the bracket, and a second sway gear 36 is fixedly mounted on the sway shaft. The first sway gear 35 and the second sway gear 36 form a tooth meshing connection. A rocker arm 37 is fixedly connected to the sway shaft. Both ends of the rocker arm 37 are connected to baffles 38. The two baffles 38 are connected to two slots in a one-to-one correspondence to form an upper and lower guide sliding connection.

[0062] The rotary motor 34 is started to drive the rotating shaft to reciprocate in both forward and reverse directions. When rotating forward, the first sway gear 35 drives the second sway gear 36 to rotate in reverse, which in turn drives the baffle 38 at one end of the rocker arm 37 to descend and the baffle 38 at the other end to rise. When rotating in reverse, the first sway gear 35 drives the second sway gear 36 to rotate forward, which in turn drives the baffle 38 at one end of the rocker arm 37 to rise and the baffle 38 at the other end to descend. By alternating the rise and fall of the two baffles 38 within the buffer platform 33, the scallions falling into the buffer platform 33 are quantitatively separated.

[0063] like Figure 2 , 8 As shown in Figure 9, the binding device includes a fixed semi-cylinder 39 fixed on the support, the fixed semi-cylinder 39 having an arc notch facing the buffer platform 33, a swing motor 40 fixed on the support, the shaft of the swing motor 40 being fixedly connected to a rotating semi-cylinder 41, the rotating semi-cylinder 41 being embedded in the inner circumference of the fixed semi-cylinder 39 to form a sliding connection, and the rotating semi-cylinder 41 having an arc notch.

[0064] Both ends of the fixed semi-cylinder 39 are open. The rotating semi-cylinder 41 is closed at one end and open at the other end when connected to the shaft of the oscillating motor 40. The central axis of the rotating semi-cylinder 41 coincides with the central axis of the fixed semi-cylinder 39, and the outer wall of the rotating semi-cylinder 41 contacts the inner wall of the fixed semi-cylinder 39 to form a sliding connection.

[0065] In the initial state, the rotating semi-cylinder 41 and the fixed semi-cylinder 39 largely overlap, allowing the connecting portion of the first and second arc-shaped notches to connect with the outlet of the buffer platform 33. The scallions falling from the outlet of the buffer platform 33 enter the inner circumference of the rotating semi-cylinder 41 and the fixed semi-cylinder 39. The oscillating motor 40 is then activated, driving the rotating semi-cylinder 41 to rotate a certain angle via its shaft, closing the first arc-shaped notch of the fixed semi-cylinder 39 and achieving circumferential encirclement of the scallions.

[0066] The binding device also includes a rope winder and a knotter. The rope winder is mounted on the bracket and is correspondingly fixed to the open ends of the semi-cylinder 39 and the rotating semi-cylinder 41. The knotter is mounted on the bracket and is located below the rope winder.

[0067] The rope winder includes a base 42, on which a reel 43 is fixed by a connecting rod, and the rope used for binding is wound on the reel 43.

[0068] like Figure 2 , 9As shown in Figure 10, the knotter includes a rope-pulling motor 44. The shaft of the rope-pulling motor 44 is fixed to a U-shaped frame 45 via a connecting rod. A notch is provided at one end of the U-shaped frame 45. An automatic cutting component is provided on the lower notch. The automatic cutting component includes blades 46 that are symmetrically hinged to the notch. A limiting block is provided on the outer side of the blades 46. A spring 47 is connected between the outer ends of the two blades 46 and the U-shaped frame 45. The inner ends of the two blades 46 close the notch, and the cutting edge of the blades 46 faces the inside of the notch.

[0069] The U-shaped frame 45 is in an inverted position, with its two ends roughly on one side and arranged vertically. The lower end transforms into a small U-shaped body instead of a notch, and an automatic cutting component is mounted on the small U-shaped body. The two blades 46 of the automatic cutting component are controlled by the spring 47 and the limiting block, so that the two blades 46 can only rotate inward and cannot rotate outward.

[0070] After the rope wraps around the bundle of scallions, it enters the notch above the U-shaped frame 45 and comes together. When the rope enters the smaller U-shaped body below, it contacts the blade 46 and presses inward, pulling the spring 47. After the rope enters the smaller U-shaped body, the spring 47 pulls the blade 46 back to its original position, closing the notch. The rope-pulling motor 44 drives the shaft to rotate the U-shaped frame 45 at a certain angle, pulling the together rope to the position of the knotter. When the knotter ties the rope and pulls it outward, the rope is cut by the blade 46.

[0071] The knotter also includes a pitch motor 48, on which a bevel gear 49 is fixedly mounted. A swing seat 50 is hinged to the bracket. A bevel gear 51 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the swing seat 50. The bevel gear 49 and the bevel gear 51 form a tooth meshing connection. A knotting motor is installed inside the swing seat 50. The shaft of the knotting motor is connected to a clamp. The clamp includes a fixed clamp 52 and a movable clamp 53. The movable clamp 53 is driven by a clamping motor. This clamp structure is existing technology.

[0072] The U-shaped frame 45 gathers the rope together and pulls it near the clamp, so that the clamp enters the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped frame 45. The knotting motor is started to drive the clamp to rotate and wrap the rope around. Then, the movable clamp 53 is driven to open and clamp the outer rope. Then, the pitch motor 48 is started to swing the clamp backward through the meshing transmission, pulling the outer rope through the circle, completing the knot and cutting the rope at the same time.

[0073] Both the rope winder and the knotter are mature devices in the existing technical field and can be directly purchased and installed in the corresponding positions on the vegetable harvesting and sorting machine. Therefore, this solution does not provide detailed illustrations or textual descriptions of the rope winder and the knotter.

[0074] like Figure 2 , 11As shown, the unloading device includes a receiving hopper 54 connected below the arc-shaped notch of the fixed semi-cylinder 39. The lower part of the receiving hopper 54 is connected to an unloading box 55. A load-bearing frame 56 is installed at the bottom of the unloading box 55. A row of unloading rollers 57 is hinged inside the load-bearing frame 56, and the row of unloading rollers 57 gradually slopes downwards towards the rear end of the chassis 1. A weight sensor 58 is installed on the bottom wall of the load-bearing frame 56. A discharge gate 59 is hinged to the rear end of the unloading box 55. A pusher / puller 60 is installed on at least one outer wall of the unloading box 55. The telescopic end of the pusher / puller 60 is connected to the discharge gate 59. The pusher / puller 60 can be a screw sleeve, electric push rod, cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or other equipment capable of telescopic shafts. The extended shaft opens the discharge gate 59, and the retracted shaft closes the discharge gate 59. The scallion slides at a speed of 0.2 m / s on the unloading roller 57, and the load-bearing frame 56 has dimensions of 1370 mm × 770 mm.

[0075] After a bundle of scallions is tied up, the rotating semi-cylinder 41 is rotated to open the arc notch. The bundled scallions fall through the receiving hopper 54 into the unloading box 55. The bundled scallions fall onto a row of unloading rollers 57. Due to gravity, the scallions gradually slide down to the discharge gate 59. When the weight sensor 58 detects that a certain weight has been reached, the weight sensor 58 is linked with the PLC controller to drive the push-pull device 60 to open the discharge gate 59. After the scallions slide to the outside ground, the push-pull device 60 closes the discharge gate 59.

[0076] The chassis 1 is also equipped with an automatic navigation system, which includes a main control chip and a motor controller. It extracts the edge features of the scallion ridges through image morphology processing. The mean error angle of the navigation line is 0.649°, and the turning path adopts a semi-circular trajectory.

[0077] How this all-in-one harvester and sorting machine for onions and other leafy vegetables operates:

[0078] The starter motor 3 drives the wheels 2 forward. The digging shovel, in a semi-encircling shape, penetrates deep into the ground. The tips of the left and right sloping shovels 10 twist towards the center, reducing forward resistance and making the cutting surface more compact. The bottom shovel 11, driven by a cam mechanism, vibrates slightly up and down during the machine's forward harvesting process, preventing excessive resistance from exceeding the normal operating load and causing the machine to stop. During harvesting, the bottom shovel 11 is mainly responsible for cutting off the thicker roots at the bottom of the crop and lifting the crop upwards. The two sloping shovels 10 are mainly responsible for completely cutting off the remaining roots on both sides and straightening the crop that is about to fall over for subsequent clamping.

[0079] The upright scallions enter through the inlet between a pair of upright rollers 16. While the scallions are upright, the rotating bristles of the inclined roller 27 on the bottom side clean the soil carried by the roots. The scallions are then rotated 90° to a horizontal position through a turning and conveying channel, and then conveyed to a buffer platform 33. When a certain amount of scallions accumulates on the downward-sloping bottom plate, two baffles 38 alternately rise and fall within the buffer platform 33 to quantitatively separate the scallions that fall into the buffer platform 33.

[0080] The measured amount of scallions falls into the inner circumference of the rotating semi-cylinder 41 and the fixed semi-cylinder 39. The oscillating motor 40 is started to rotate the rotating semi-cylinder 41 to encircle the scallions circumferentially. The rope of the rope winder surrounds the bundle of scallions, and then the knotting device is driven to tie a knot, thus binding the scallions.

[0081] The bundled scallions fall through the receiving hopper 54 into the unloading box 55. The bundled scallions land on a row of unloading rollers 57. Due to gravity, the scallions gradually slide down to the discharge gate 59. When the weight sensor 58 detects that a certain weight has been reached, the weight sensor 58 is linked with the PLC controller to drive the push-pull device 60 to open the discharge gate 59. After the scallions slide to the outside ground, the push-pull device 60 closes the discharge gate 59.

Claims

1. An all-in-one machine for harvesting and arranging leek, comprising a vehicle chassis, a power device is installed on the vehicle chassis, and a wheel is hinged below the vehicle chassis, characterized in that, The power device is connected with the wheels through a walking driving mechanism, and the excavating shovel, the conveying device, the quantitative device, the bundling device and the unloading device are sequentially connected from the front end to the rear end of the vehicle chassis, the soil cleaning device is arranged below the conveying device, the walking driving mechanism is connected with the excavating shovel through a cam mechanism, the power device is connected with the conveying device through a transmission mechanism, and the walking driving mechanism is connected with the soil cleaning device through a running mechanism.

2. The onion harvesting and arranging all-in-one machine of claim 1, wherein The conveying device comprises a front end frame and a middle frame fixed on the vehicle chassis, the front end frame is rotationally connected with a pair of vertical rollers through vertical shafts, a pair of roller groups are hingedly connected to the middle frame, each roller group comprises a horizontal shaft arranged on the middle frame, a horizontal roller is fixedly sleeved on the horizontal shaft, a flexible belt is sleeved on the vertical roller and the horizontal roller in a one-to-one correspondence, a turning transmission channel is formed between the two flexible belts, the vertical shaft of the vertical roller is connected with a fixed frame, the fixed frame is hingedly connected with a movable frame, an adjusting roller is rotationally connected to the movable frame, a tension spring is connected between the fixed frame and the movable frame, and the adjusting roller is used for tensioning the flexible belt from the inner side.

3. The onion harvesting and arranging all-in-one machine of claim 2, wherein The power device comprises a motor group fixed on the vehicle chassis, the motor group has a plurality of output shafts, the transmission mechanism comprises a main wheel I fixedly sleeved on one output shaft, a sub-wheel I sleeved on the end of one horizontal shaft, a belt I sleeved on the outer periphery of the main wheel I and the sub-wheel I, and two flat gears I fixedly sleeved on the ends of the two horizontal shafts and in tooth meshing connection.

4. The onion harvesting and arranging all-in-one machine of claim 3, wherein The walking driving mechanism comprises two transmission shafts hingedly connected to the vehicle chassis, a walking pulley I is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft, a walking pulley II is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the motor group, a through hole I is formed in the vehicle chassis, the walking pulley I and the walking pulley II are sleeved on the walking belt penetrating through the through hole I, a bevel gear I is fixedly sleeved on the end of the transmission shaft, a bevel gear II is fixedly sleeved on the middle shaft of the wheel, and the bevel gear I and the bevel gear II are in tooth meshing connection.

5. The onion harvesting and arranging all-in-one machine of claim 4, wherein The excavating shovel comprises two inclined shovels fixedly connected to the front end of the vehicle chassis and symmetrically arranged, and a bottom shovel arranged between the two inclined shovels, a guide sliding groove is formed in the inclined shovel, a guide sliding rod is fixedly connected to the bottom shovel, and the two ends of the guide sliding rod are correspondingly inserted into the guide sliding grooves on the two sides to form a guide sliding connection. The cam mechanism comprises a driving shaft hingedly connected to the vehicle chassis, a cam is fixedly sleeved on the driving shaft, the cam is fixedly connected with the bottom shovel through a connecting rod, a bevel gear III is fixedly sleeved on one end of the driving shaft, and the bevel gear I of the transmission shaft and the bevel gear III are in tooth meshing connection.

6. The onion harvesting and arranging all-in-one machine of claim 4, wherein The soil cleaning device comprises an inclined frame, a pair of inclined rollers are arranged on the inclined frame, the rotating shafts of the inclined rollers are hingedly connected to the inclined frame, brush hairs are arranged on the outer periphery of the inclined rollers, a flat gear II is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft of the inclined roller, and the two flat gears II are in tooth meshing connection. The running mechanism comprises a soil cleaning pulley I fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft, a stand is fixedly arranged on the vehicle chassis, a soil cleaning pulley II is hingedly connected to the stand, a through hole II is formed in the vehicle chassis, the soil cleaning pulley I and the soil cleaning pulley II are sleeved on the soil cleaning belt penetrating through the through hole II, and the rotating shaft of the soil cleaning pulley II is connected with the rotating shaft of any inclined roller through a cross bearing.

7. The onion harvesting and arranging all-in-one machine of claim 2, wherein The quantitative device comprises a buffer platform connected behind the horizontal roller, the buffer platform comprises an inclined bottom plate, through holes are formed in front of and behind the inclined bottom plate, and stop walls are arranged on the left and right ends of the inclined bottom plate, and two parallel slot gaps are formed in the inclined bottom plate. The bracket is arranged on the vehicle chassis, a rotating motor is fixed on the bracket, a rotating shaft of the rotating motor is fixedly sleeved with a swing gear one, the bracket is hingedly connected with a swing shaft, the swing shaft is fixedly sleeved with a swing gear two, the swing gear one and the swing gear two are in tooth meshing connection, the swing shaft is fixedly connected with a lever, and two ends of the lever are connected with baffles.

8. The onion harvesting and arranging all-in-one machine of claim 7, wherein The fixing half cylinder is fixed on the bracket, the fixing half cylinder has an arc gap one facing the buffer platform, the swing motor is fixed on the bracket, a rotating shaft of the swing motor is fixedly connected with a rotating half cylinder, the rotating half cylinder is embedded in an inner wall of the fixing half cylinder to form a sliding connection, and the rotating half cylinder has an arc gap two.

9. The onion harvesting and arranging all-in-one machine of claim 8, wherein The bundling device further comprises a rope winding device and a knotter, the rope winding device is arranged on the bracket and corresponds to open ends of the fixing half cylinder and the rotating half cylinder, and the knotter is arranged on the bracket and located below the rope winding device. The rope winding device comprises a base, a wire disc is fixedly connected to the base through a connecting rod, The knotter comprises a rope pulling motor, a rotating shaft of the rope pulling motor is fixedly connected with a U-shaped frame through a connecting rod, a notch is arranged on an end of the U-shaped frame, an automatic cutting assembly is arranged in the lower notch, the automatic cutting assembly comprises blades which are symmetrically hinged to the notch, springs are connected between outer ends of the two blades and the U-shaped frame, inner ends of the two blades close the notch, and cutting edges of the blades face the inside of the notch. The knotter further comprises a tilting motor, a rotating shaft of the tilting motor is fixedly sleeved with a bevel gear four, a swing seat is hingedly connected to the bracket, a bevel gear five is fixedly connected to a bottom end of the swing seat, the bevel gear four and the bevel gear five are in tooth meshing connection, a knotting motor is arranged in the swing seat, a rotating shaft of the knotting motor is connected with a clamp, the clamp comprises a fixed clamp and a movable clamp, and the movable clamp is driven by a clamping motor.

10. The onion harvesting and arranging all-in-one machine of claim 8, wherein The unloading device comprises a receiving hopper which is connected below the arc gap one of the fixing half cylinder, a discharging box which is communicated below the receiving hopper, a bearing frame which is arranged at the bottom of the discharging box, a row of discharging rollers which are hingedly connected in the bearing frame, the discharging rollers are gradually arranged to be inclined downward to the rear end of the vehicle chassis, a weight sensor which is arranged on a bottom wall of the bearing frame, a discharging door which is hingedly connected to a rear end of the discharging box, a push-pull device which is arranged on at least one side wall of the discharging box, and a telescopic end of the push-pull device is connected with the discharging door.

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