Real-time electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system based on unmanned aerial vehicle
By integrating devices such as horn antennas, downconverters, combiners, and spectrum analyzers onto UAVs, real-time in-flight electromagnetic spectrum monitoring systems have been achieved. This solves the problems of high deployment costs and slow response speed of traditional equipment, and improves the sensitivity and endurance of the monitoring system.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-17
AI Technical Summary
Traditional electromagnetic monitoring equipment is limited to fixed ground platforms or manned aircraft, resulting in high deployment costs, slow response speeds, and difficulty in covering complex terrains. Existing UAV monitoring systems cannot meet the requirements for real-time spectrum analysis and lack the ability to process Ku-band high-frequency signals.
Design a real-time electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system based on UAV. Employ a horn antenna, downconverter, combiner, spectrum analyzer, and airborne radio to realize a three-level processing architecture of signal reception, downconversion, real-time analysis, and data transmission. Combined with a high-capacity lithium battery and power management module, a stable voltage power supply is provided. The combiner enables the co-line transmission of DC power and intermediate frequency signal.
It enables real-time over-the-air processing of Ku-band signals, improves response speed, and features a lightweight system with long battery life and high monitoring sensitivity, thus meeting the requirements for real-time spectrum analysis.
Smart Images
Figure CN224005178U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to wireless electric monitoring technical field especially provide a real -time electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system based on unmanned plane. BACKGROUND
[0002] Traditional electromagnetic monitoring equipment is limited to ground fixed platform or manned aircraft, and has problems such as high deployment cost, slow response speed and difficult to cover complex terrain. The existing unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring system mostly adopts storage return mode, which cannot meet the real-time spectrum analysis demand, leading to response delay (such as sudden interference signal cannot be identified in time), and insufficient processing capacity for Ku band high frequency signal. SUMMARY
[0003] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a real-time electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system based on unmanned plane, which combines electromagnetic monitoring equipment and unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring system to overcome the technical defects of each other to meet the real-time spectrum analysis demand.
[0004] To solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
[0005] A real-time electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system based on unmanned plane, comprising an unmanned plane and a signal receiving module and a signal processing and transmission module carried on the unmanned plane;
[0006] The signal receiving module comprises a horn antenna and a frequency down converter, and the signal processing and transmission module comprises a combiner, a spectrum analyzer and an airborne radio station; the horn antenna covers the Ku band in the working frequency band, the radio frequency output end of the horn antenna is connected to the input end of the frequency down converter, the intermediate frequency output end of the frequency down converter is connected to the radio frequency input interface of the spectrum analyzer through the combiner, and the network port of the spectrum analyzer is connected to the airborne radio station through Ethernet.
[0007] Further, the unmanned plane is equipped with a high-capacity lithium battery, and the unmanned plane is integrated with a power management module; the power management module is a power management module outputting 5-26V direct current, and the power management module is connected to the frequency down converter, the spectrum analyzer and the airborne radio station to provide working voltage for the frequency down converter, the spectrum analyzer and the airborne radio station.
[0008] Further, the unmanned plane adopts a four-rotor structure.
[0009] Further, the horn antenna adopts a horn antenna with a working frequency band of 10-15GHz, a gain of ≥20dB and a beam width of less than 10°.
[0010] Further, the horn antenna adopts a double-ridge or conical horn structure.
[0011] Further, the down converter is built-in with a local oscillator source, and converts Ku-band radio frequency signals to 1-2GHz, the input frequency is 13.5-14.7GHz, the output frequency is 0.95-2.15GHz, the local oscillator frequency is 12.55GHz, the local oscillator phase noise is <-90dBc / Hz@10kHz, and the conversion loss is <6dB.
[0012] Further, the combiner has a first input port, a second input port and a combiner output coaxial cable, the first input port and the second input port are commonly connected to the combiner output coaxial cable through DC paths and radio frequency signal paths respectively, the DC power supply output by the power management module to the down converter is connected to the combiner output coaxial cable through a low-pass filter on the DC path through the first input port to supply power to the down converter, and the radio frequency signal output by the down converter is connected to the combiner output coaxial cable through a high-pass filter arranged on the radio frequency signal path through the second input port and output to the spectrum analyzer.
[0013] Further, the spectrum analyzer adopts a network node type real-time spectrum analyzer of the NXN-60 model of Haidian Technology.
[0014] Further, the airborne station adopts a multi-carrier TDD-OFDM modulated airborne station, and the airborne station returns spectrum data to the ground station through Ethernet.
[0015] The utility model has the beneficial technical effect that:
[0016] The utility model adopts a three-stage processing architecture, completes the complete link of signal acquisition, down conversion, real-time analysis and compression transmission in the air, can realize real-time processing of Ku-band signals in the air, and can meet the real-time spectrum analysis requirement.
[0017] The real-time electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system based on the unmanned plane provided by the utility model realizes the collinear transmission of intermediate frequency signal transmission and equipment power supply through the combiner, and combines the DC power supply and the intermediate frequency signal into the transmission of the same coaxial cable.The utility model passes through the combiner, on the one hand, avoids arranging cables for the power supply and the signal respectively to save wiring, on the other hand, reduces the mutual influence between the DC and the intermediate frequency signal through frequency isolation, and simultaneously, the combiner realizes the efficient coaxial transmission of the DC and the intermediate frequency signal through the cooperative work of the low-pass filter and the high-pass filter.
[0018] The utility model realizes self-adaptive power supply through the power management module integrated by the unmanned plane, and provides the voltage required by the down converter, the spectrum analyzer and the airborne station.
[0019] The real-time electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system based on the unmanned aerial vehicle can realize real-time processing of Ku-band signals in the air, and the response speed is greatly improved; the whole system weighs less than 4kg, the endurance time is greater than 45 minutes, and the monitoring sensitivity reaches-110dBm@20MH bandwidth, namely, the real-time electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system based on the unmanned aerial vehicle has the advantages of light weight, high endurance and high sensitivity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of the drawings shown.
[0021] Figure 1 The real-time electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system based on the unmanned aerial vehicle is shown in the schematic diagram of an embodiment.
[0022] Figure 2 The real-time electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system based on the unmanned aerial vehicle is shown in the schematic diagram of an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0024] REFERENCE Figure 1 An embodiment provides a real-time electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle and a signal receiving module and a signal processing and transmission module carried on the unmanned aerial vehicle.
[0025] The signal receiving module comprises a horn antenna and a frequency downconverter, and the signal processing and transmission module comprises a combiner, a spectrum analyzer and an airborne radio station; the horn antenna covers Ku-band in the working frequency band, the radio frequency output end of the horn antenna is connected to the input end of the frequency downconverter, the intermediate frequency output end of the frequency downconverter is connected to the radio frequency input interface of the spectrum analyzer through the combiner, and the network port of the spectrum analyzer is connected to the airborne radio station through Ethernet.
[0026] The unmanned aerial vehicle is equipped with a high-capacity lithium battery, and the unmanned aerial vehicle integrates a power management module; the power management module outputs 5-26V direct current, and the power management module is connected to the frequency downconverter, the spectrum analyzer and the airborne radio station to provide working voltage for the frequency downconverter, the spectrum analyzer and the airborne radio station.
[0027] In an embodiment, the down converter requires a voltage of 12-24V, the spectrum analyzer requires a voltage of 9-12V, and the airborne radio requires a voltage of 12-24V; the corresponding voltage is output to the down converter, the spectrum analyzer, and the airborne radio through the power management module, thereby meeting the power supply requirements of the down converter, the spectrum analyzer, and the airborne radio.
[0028] As a preferred solution, the unmanned aerial vehicle adopts a four-rotor structure.
[0029] In an embodiment, the horn antenna has a working frequency band of 10-15GHz, a gain of ≥20dB, and a beam width of less than 10°.
[0030] The horn antenna adopts a double-ridge or conical horn structure to improve the bandwidth and directivity.
[0031] The down converter is built-in with a local oscillator source, which down-converts the Ku-band radio frequency signal to 1-2GHz, with an input frequency of 13.5-14.7GHz, an output frequency of 0.95-2.15GHz, and a local oscillator frequency of 12.55GHz. The local oscillator phase noise is <-90dBc / Hz@10kHz, and the conversion loss is <6dB.
[0032] The combiner has a first input port, a second input port, and a combiner output coaxial cable. The first input port and the second input port are respectively connected to the combiner output coaxial cable through a direct current path and a radio frequency signal path. The direct current power output by the power management module to the down converter is connected to the combiner output coaxial cable through a low-pass filter on the direct current path to power the down converter. The radio frequency signal output by the down converter is connected to the combiner output coaxial cable through a high-pass filter on the radio frequency signal path to be output to the spectrum analyzer. In this way, the combiner transmits signals while powering the down converter with DC current, realizing coaxial transmission of direct current power supply and intermediate frequency signals.
[0033] Preferably, the spectrum analyzer adopts a network node type real-time spectrum analyzer of the NXN-60 model of Hyd Technology. The spectrum analyzer analyzes the intermediate frequency signal spectrum in real time and outputs data to the airborne radio. The spectrum analyzer supports a real-time bandwidth of 2GHz and a processing delay of <50ms.
[0034] The frequency range of the spectrum analyzer is 9KHz-6.3GHz, the 1GHz phase noise is <-110dBc / Hz@10kHz, the spectrum analyzer supports a 1000M / 100M Ethernet interface, and supports Windows 11 / 10 / 8 / 7 system.
[0035] The airborne radio adopts a multi-carrier TDD-OFDM modulation, with a transmission delay of less than 10ms and a bandwidth of greater than 100Mbps. The airborne radio transmits spectrum data back to the ground station through Ethernet.
[0036] Reference Figure 2 In one embodiment, the radio frequency signal processing procedure is as follows:
[0037] After the UAV takes off, the horn antenna receives the target signal in the Ku band and transmits it to the downconverter. The downconverter then transmits the processed signal (intermediate frequency signal) to the spectrum analyzer via a combiner. The spectrum analyzer performs Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis and signal feature extraction on the received signal and transmits the results to the ground station in real time via the airborne radio.
[0038] The real-time electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system based on UAV provided by this utility model can realize real-time aerial processing of Ku-band signals, and the response speed is greatly improved. Moreover, the entire system weighs less than 4kg, has a flight time of more than 45 minutes, and a monitoring sensitivity of -110dBm@20MH bandwidth. It has the advantages of being lightweight, having long flight time, and being highly sensitive.
[0039] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0040] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A real-time electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system based on unmanned aerial vehicles, characterized in that, The unmanned aerial vehicle and the signal receiving module and the signal processing and transmission module carried on the unmanned aerial vehicle are included. The signal receiving module includes a horn antenna and a frequency down converter, and the signal processing and transmission module includes a combiner, a spectrum analyzer and an airborne radio station; the horn antenna covers Ku band in the working frequency band, the radio frequency output end of the horn antenna is connected to the input end of the frequency down converter, the intermediate frequency output end of the frequency down converter is connected to the radio frequency input interface of the spectrum analyzer through the combiner, and the network port of the spectrum analyzer is connected to the airborne radio station through Ethernet.
2. The real-time drone-based electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system of claim 1, wherein, The unmanned aerial vehicle is equipped with a high-capacity lithium battery, and the unmanned aerial vehicle integrates a power management module; the power management module is a power management module outputting 5-26V direct current, and the power management module is connected to the frequency down converter, the spectrum analyzer and the airborne radio station to provide working voltage for the frequency down converter, the spectrum analyzer and the airborne radio station.
3. The real-time drone-based electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system of claim 2, wherein, The unmanned aerial vehicle adopts a four-rotor structure.
4. The real-time drone-based electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system of claim 2 or 3, wherein, The horn antenna adopts a horn antenna with a working frequency band of 10-15GHz, a gain of ≥20dB and a beam width of less than 10°.
5. The UAV-based real-time electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system of claim 4, wherein, The horn antenna adopts a double-ridge or conical horn structure.
6. The UAV-based real-time electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system of claim 4, wherein, The combiner has a first input port, a second input port and a combiner output coaxial cable; the first input port and the second input port are respectively connected to the combiner output coaxial cable through a direct current path and a radio frequency signal path; the direct current power output by the power management module to the frequency down converter is connected to the combiner output coaxial cable through a low-pass filter on the direct current path through the first input port to supply power to the frequency down converter; and the radio frequency signal output by the frequency down converter is connected to the combiner output coaxial cable through a high-pass filter on the radio frequency signal path through the second input port to output to the spectrum analyzer.
7. The real-time drone-based electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system of claim 5 or 6, wherein, The spectrum analyzer adopts a network node type real-time spectrum analyzer.
8. The UAV-based real-time electromagnetic spectrum monitoring system of claim 7, wherein, The airborne radio station adopts a multi-carrier TDD-OFDM modulated airborne radio station, and the airborne radio station returns spectrum data to the ground station through Ethernet.