Urban tunnel monitoring device for digital twinning

Abstract

The utility model discloses an urban tunnel monitoring device for digital twinning. The urban tunnel monitoring device comprises a cloud server, a fixed monitoring module and an inspection monitoring module, the fixed monitoring module comprises a monitoring box and an electronic circuit board, a PLC module and a first communication module are integrated on the electronic circuit board, and the input end of the PLC module is connected with a positioning module, an anchor rod dynamometer, an osmometer, a soil pressure meter, a liquid level sensor and an illumination sensor; the inspection monitoring module comprises an inspection input module and a second communication module; the cloud server is further connected with a data distribution server, and the data distribution server is connected with a local area network communication module and a wide area network communication module. According to the utility model, the fixed monitoring module and the inspection monitoring module are combined for use, data acquisition of physical entities of urban tunnels is realized, input is provided for a digital twinborn model, and guarantee is provided for construction of the digital twinborn model; static and dynamic full-coverage monitoring is realized, and the use effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel monitoring and measurement technology, specifically to an urban tunnel monitoring device for digital twins. Background Technology

[0002] As a key hub in urban transportation networks, the application of digital twin technology for urban tunnels is of great strategic significance. By constructing a virtual model that closely matches the physical tunnel, it is possible not only to map the structural health of the tunnel in real time, but also to deeply analyze historical and real-time data, predict potential risks, and provide precise support for scientific decision-making.

[0003] The main reasons for constructing digital twins for urban tunnels are as follows: First, digital twin technology enables 24 / 7 monitoring of the tunnel's structural health, including key parameters such as surrounding rock stress, water pressure changes, and earth pressure distribution, thereby allowing for the timely detection of potential structural safety hazards and optimization of maintenance plans. Second, the multi-dimensional operational data integrated by the digital twin system provides comprehensive decision support for tunnel management departments, significantly improving the intelligence level and operational efficiency of urban tunnel management.

[0004] In constructing a digital twin system for urban tunnels, the physical tunnel entity forms the foundation of the system. Real-time monitoring of the tunnel structure, equipment, and environment allows for the continuous acquisition of comprehensive operational data, including structural stress, water level changes, and lighting status. This real-time data serves as the input source for the virtual digital twin model, providing a reliable basis for dynamic simulation and predictive analysis. With the continuous advancement of cutting-edge technologies such as the Internet of Things, 5G communication, and artificial intelligence, digital twin technology will undoubtedly play an increasingly crucial role in the intelligent management of urban tunnels, driving urban infrastructure management towards greater efficiency and intelligence. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an urban tunnel monitoring device for digital twins, which addresses the shortcomings of the prior art. The device has a simple structure and reasonable design. It combines a fixed monitoring module and an inspection monitoring module to collect data on the physical entities of the urban tunnel, providing input for the digital twin model and ensuring its construction. It achieves full coverage monitoring of both static and dynamic aspects and has good performance.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a monitoring device for urban tunnels using digital twins, characterized in that: it includes a cloud server, a fixed monitoring module and a patrol monitoring module handheld by inspection personnel, all of which are communicatively connected to the cloud server; the fixed monitoring module includes a monitoring box installed on the inner wall of the urban tunnel, and an electronic circuit board is installed inside the monitoring box. The electronic circuit board integrates a PLC module and a first communication module for enabling communication between the PLC module and the cloud server. The input terminals of the PLC module are respectively connected to a positioning module, an anchor rod force gauge, a piezometer, an earth pressure gauge, a liquid level sensor, and a light sensor; the patrol monitoring module includes a patrol data entry module and a second communication module for enabling communication between the patrol data entry module and the cloud server; the cloud server is also connected to a data distribution server, which is connected to a local area network communication module and a wide area network communication module for transmitting the physical entity data of the urban tunnel to the digital twin module.

[0007] The above-mentioned urban tunnel monitoring device for digital twins is characterized in that: it includes a piezometer installation pipe pre-embedded between the urban tunnel lining and the surrounding rock, an installation plate is fixed on the inner wall of the piezometer installation pipe near the surrounding rock, a limiting hole adapted to the diameter of the permeable stone end of the piezometer is opened on the installation plate, the output line of the piezometer is connected to a first data transmission module, and the first data transmission module is connected to a PLC module.

[0008] The aforementioned urban tunnel monitoring device for digital twins is characterized by comprising: an earth pressure gauge mounting groove pre-reserved in the inner wall of the urban tunnel and an mounting cylinder adapted to the earth pressure gauge mounting groove; a limit plate is provided at the bottom of the mounting cylinder; a through hole is provided on the limit plate for the output line of the earth pressure gauge to pass through; multiple springs are provided on the limit plate extending into the mounting cylinder; the natural length of the springs is not less than the difference between the height of the mounting cylinder and the height of the earth pressure gauge; the output line of the earth pressure gauge passes through the through hole and is connected to the PLC module through a second data transmission module.

[0009] The aforementioned urban tunnel monitoring device for digital twins is characterized by: including an anchor rod pre-embedded in the surrounding rock with its tail protruding from the tunnel inner wall; the anchor rod sequentially passes through a bearing plate, the central hole of an anchor rod force gauge, a loading plate, and a locking nut; a hydraulic jack is installed on the loading plate, and the hydraulic jack is coaxial with the axis of the anchor rod; the anchor rod force gauge is connected to a reading instrument, and the reading instrument transmits data to a PLC module through a third data transmission module.

[0010] The above-mentioned urban tunnel monitoring device for digital twins is characterized in that: it includes a liquid level sensor mounting bracket, which is an L-shaped bracket including a horizontal rod and a vertical rod. The vertical rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the urban tunnel, and the end of the horizontal rod is provided with a mounting bracket for mounting the liquid level sensor; the liquid level sensor transmits data to the PLC module through a fourth data transmission module.

[0011] The above-mentioned urban tunnel monitoring device for digital twins is characterized in that: it further includes a light sensor mounting bracket, which includes a rotatably connected column and a fixed mounting plate, the light sensor is mounted on the fixed mounting plate, and a base plate is provided at the bottom end of the column; the light sensor transmits data to the PLC module through a fifth data transmission module.

[0012] The above-mentioned urban tunnel monitoring device for digital twins is characterized in that: the monitoring box has multiple wiring holes.

[0013] The above-mentioned urban tunnel monitoring device for digital twins is characterized in that: the number of fixed monitoring modules is multiple.

[0014] The above-mentioned urban tunnel monitoring device for digital twins is characterized in that: both the first communication module and the second communication module are wireless communication modules.

[0015] This utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0016] 1. This utility model has a simple structure, reasonable design, and is convenient to implement and use.

[0017] 2. This utility model uses anchor bolt force gauges, permeability gauges, soil pressure gauges, liquid level sensors, and light sensors to collect data on the physical entities of urban tunnels, providing input for digital twin models and ensuring the construction of accurate and reliable digital twin models. It has good performance.

[0018] 3. In this utility model, the fixed monitoring module and the patrol monitoring module are used in combination to realize a full-coverage monitoring mode of static and dynamic. It can not only acquire data from fixed monitoring points, but also supplement data sources through manual patrols, thereby improving the integrity and reliability of monitoring data and providing multi-source data support for digital twin models.

[0019] 4. In this utility model, the anchor bolt force gauge and the earth pressure gauge are used in combination. The anchor bolt force gauge directly reflects the self-supporting capacity and load transfer characteristics of the surrounding rock by measuring the axial force of the anchor bolt. The earth pressure gauge quantifies the contact pressure of the surrounding rock on the support structure. The linkage of the two data can accurately reflect the loosening or bias of the surrounding rock, providing dual evidence for the physical entity data of urban tunnels.

[0020] 5. This utility model uses pre-embedded or reserved methods to install sensors, reducing the need for excavation or welding of the main structure, maximizing the protection of the tunnel lining integrity, eliminating structural damage or leakage risks caused by installation work, and achieving safe monitoring.

[0021] In summary, the combination of the fixed monitoring module and the patrol monitoring module in this utility model enables the collection of data on the physical entities of urban tunnels, providing input for the digital twin model and ensuring its construction; it achieves full coverage monitoring of both static and dynamic aspects, and has good performance.

[0022] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a fixed monitoring module.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a piezometer.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of an earth pressure gauge.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of an anchor bolt force gauge.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a liquid level sensor.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the light sensor.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a circuit block diagram of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Piezometer mounting pipe; 11. Mounting plate; 12. Piezometer; 2. Soil pressure gauge mounting slot;

[0032] 21. Earth pressure gauge; 22. Spring; 23. Mounting cylinder; 24. Limiting plate; 3. Monitoring box; 4. Anchor bolt; 41. Anchor bolt force gauge; 42. Bearing plate; 43. Hydraulic jack; 44. Loading plate; 45. Locking nut; 5. Liquid level sensor mounting bracket; 51. Liquid level sensor; 52. Mounting bracket; 6. Light sensor mounting bracket; 61. Light sensor; 62. Column; 63. Base plate; 64. Fixed mounting plate; 71. PLC module; 72. First communication module; 73. Positioning module; 81. Inspection and data entry module; 82. Second communication module; 91. Cloud server; 92. Data distribution server; 93. Local area network communication module; 94. Wide area network communication module. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments thereof.

[0034] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0037] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this utility model discloses an urban tunnel monitoring device for digital twins, including a cloud server 91, a fixed monitoring module and an inspection monitoring module that are respectively connected to the cloud server 91 and are handheld by inspection personnel.

[0039] In actual use, there are multiple fixed monitoring modules, each of which is set up at a fixed monitoring point in the urban tunnel to achieve full-length monitoring.

[0040] During inspections, the inspection staff also carry inspection tools to obtain inspection data through visual observation, tapping to detect holes, taking photos, and checking tools. The inspection data is input through the inspection input module 81 in the inspection monitoring module and transmitted to the cloud server 91 through the second communication module 82.

[0041] The combination of fixed monitoring modules and patrol monitoring modules enables a full-coverage monitoring mode that combines static and dynamic monitoring. It can acquire data from fixed monitoring points and supplement data sources through manual patrols, thereby improving the integrity and reliability of monitoring data and providing multi-source data support for digital twin models.

[0042] The fixed monitoring module includes a monitoring box 3 installed on the inner wall of the urban tunnel. The monitoring box 3 is equipped with an electronic circuit board, which integrates a PLC module 71 and a first communication module 72 for enabling communication between the PLC module 71 and the cloud server 91. The input terminals of the PLC module 71 are respectively connected to a positioning module 73, an anchor rod force gauge 41, a piezometer 12, an earth pressure gauge 21, a liquid level sensor 51, and a light sensor 61.

[0043] It should be noted that the PLC module 71, the first communication module 72, and the positioning module 73 are all housed inside the monitoring box 3. The anchor bolt force gauge 41, piezometer 12, earth pressure gauge 21, liquid level sensor 51, and light sensor 61 are installed around the perimeter of the monitoring box 3 using different mounting methods and are connected to the PLC module 71 for data transmission. Multiple wiring holes are provided on the monitoring box 3.

[0044] The inspection and monitoring module includes an inspection entry module 81 and a second communication module 82 for enabling communication between the inspection entry module 81 and the cloud server 91.

[0045] The cloud server 91 can obtain axial force data of anchor bolts monitored by anchor bolt force gauge 41, contact pressure of tunnel support structure monitored by earth pressure gauge 21, water pressure of tunnel surrounding rock monitored by permeability gauge 12, water depth in tunnel monitored by liquid level sensor 51, lighting intensity in tunnel monitored by light sensor 61, and precise location of monitoring box 3 obtained by positioning module 73. It can also obtain inspection data uploaded by inspection personnel through the inspection monitoring module.

[0046] In this embodiment, the cloud server 91 is also connected to a data distribution server 92, which is connected to a local area network communication module 93 and a wide area network communication module 94 that transmits the physical entity data of the city tunnel to the digital twin module.

[0047] In actual use, data distribution server 5 is a CDN network distribution server. Data distribution server 92 distributes the data received by cloud server 91 to local area network (LAN) communication module 93 or wide area network (WAN) communication module 94 according to pre-set receiver requirements. In one possible embodiment, LAN communication module 93 is a Wi-Fi module that sends the received data to the on-site control terminal inside the tunnel in real time for rapid response. For example, LAN communication module 93 is connected to a drainage pump controller to achieve automatic start and stop of drainage. WAN communication module 94 sends the received data to the digital twin module in real time to achieve cross-regional communication. For example, WAN communication module 94 is a 5G module, NB-IoT module, or fiber optic private network that communicates with the digital twin module, uploading data to the digital twin module to provide input for the digital twin model and ensure the construction of an accurate and reliable digital twin model. The digital twin module generates a digital twin model of the urban tunnel based on the physical entity data of the urban tunnel. How to generate a digital twin model based on entity data is prior art and not within the scope of this application.

[0048] In the event of a failure of the local area network communication module 93, the wide area network communication module 94 can serve as a backup channel to ensure that no data is lost.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a piezometer installation pipe 1 is pre-embedded between the lining of the urban tunnel and the surrounding rock. An installation plate 11 is fixed on the inner wall of the piezometer installation pipe 1 near the surrounding rock. A limiting hole adapted to the diameter of the permeable stone end of the piezometer 12 is opened on the installation plate 11. The output line of the piezometer 12 is connected to the first data transmission module, and the first data transmission module is connected to the PLC module 71.

[0050] In actual use, the piezometer mounting pipe 1 is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 50 to 75 mm, pre-embedded between the tunnel lining and the surrounding rock. The permeable stone end of the piezometer 12 extends into the limiting hole of the mounting plate 11 and protrudes from the piezometer mounting pipe 1, ensuring that the permeable stone end of the piezometer 12 is in contact with the surrounding rock. Then, fine stones are filled around the mounting plate 11 to fix the piezometer 12. When water seeps into the surrounding rock, the water pressure is transmitted to the inside of the sensor using the permeability of the permeable stone, converted into an electrical signal, and transmitted to the first data transmission module through the output line. Finally, it is received by the PLC module 71 to reflect the changes in the seepage pressure of the surrounding rock in real time. It should be noted that the distance between the mounting plate 11 and the pipe opening of the piezometer mounting pipe 1 on the side closest to the surrounding rock is less than the main body length of the piezometer 12.

[0051] In one possible embodiment, the piezometer 12 is a piezometer of model SCYG319, and the first data transmission module adopts an RS-232 interface.

[0052] like Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, it includes an earth pressure gauge installation slot 2 pre-reserved in the inner wall of the urban tunnel and an installation cylinder 23 adapted to the earth pressure gauge installation slot 2. A limiting plate 24 is provided at the bottom of the installation cylinder 23. A through hole is provided on the limiting plate 24 for the output line of the earth pressure gauge 21 to pass through. A plurality of springs 22 are provided on the limiting plate 24 and extend into the installation cylinder 23. The natural length of the springs 22 is not less than the difference between the height of the installation cylinder 23 and the height of the earth pressure gauge 21. The output line of the earth pressure gauge 21 passes through the through hole and is connected to the PLC module 71 through the second data transmission module.

[0053] In actual use, the earth pressure gauge installation slot 2 is pre-installed on the inner wall of the urban tunnel and located near the head of the anchor bolt 4. The depth of the earth pressure gauge installation slot 2 is such that the surface of the earth pressure gauge 21 is flush with the initial support after installation. The installation cylinder 23 is embedded in the slot, and the size of the installation cylinder 23 is adapted to the earth pressure gauge installation slot 2. The spring 22 is located between the limiting plate 24 and the earth pressure gauge 21. The restoring force of the spring 22 ensures that the pressure-bearing diaphragm end of the earth pressure gauge 21 contacts the lining of the tunnel inner wall, so that the pressure is effectively transmitted to the earth pressure gauge 21. The output line of the earth pressure gauge 21 extends out of the limiting plate 24 through the through hole. The limiting plate 24 is exposed in the earth pressure gauge installation slot 2. After installation, the marks on the limiting plate 24 and the inner wall of the urban tunnel are smoothed with cement.

[0054] When the lining is subjected to stress changes, the earth pressure gauge 21 detects the pressure data in real time, converts the mechanical signal into an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to the second data transmission module via the output line. Finally, it is received by the PLC module 71 to realize the dynamic monitoring of the tunnel earth pressure.

[0055] In one possible embodiment, the earth pressure gauge 21 is a vibrating wire earth pressure gauge BGK-4800, and the second data transmission module includes a reader GK-403, an RS-485 interface, and a USB converter. The vibrating wire earth pressure gauge BGK-4800 is connected to the matching reader GK-403 via a four-core shielded cable, and the reader is connected to the PLC module 71 via an RS-485 to USB converter.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, an anchor rod 4 is pre-embedded in the surrounding rock and its tail protrudes from the inner wall of the tunnel. The anchor rod 4 passes through the bearing plate 42, the central hole of the anchor rod force gauge 41, the loading plate 44, and the locking nut 45 in sequence. A hydraulic jack 43 is provided on the loading plate 44, and the hydraulic jack 43 is coaxial with the axis of the anchor rod 4. The anchor rod force gauge 41 is connected to a reading instrument, and the reading instrument transmits data to the PLC module 71 through the third data transmission module.

[0057] In actual use, anchor bolt 4 is pre-embedded in the surrounding rock, with its tail protruding from the tunnel wall. Hydraulic jack 43 is mounted on loading plate 44, coaxially arranged with anchor bolt 4, and is used to apply prestress. The prestress is transmitted to anchor bolt 4 through loading plate 44, causing it to actively tension within the surrounding rock, thereby compressing the surrounding rock mass and enhancing its self-supporting capacity. An anchor bolt force gauge 41 monitors the stress state of anchor bolt 4 in real time, converting the axial pressure signal of anchor bolt 4 into an electrical signal. The data is then transmitted via a reading instrument to PLC module 71 through a third data transmission module, enabling monitoring of the stress state of anchor bolt 4.

[0058] In one possible embodiment, the anchor bolt force gauge 41 is a GK-4900 force gauge, the reading instrument is a GK-403 reading instrument, and the third data transmission module is an RS-232 interface. The red and black wires of the GK-403 reading instrument are connected to the frequency signal line of the GK-4900 series force gauge, and the green and white wires are connected to the temperature signal line of the GK-4900 series force gauge. The GK-403 reading instrument transmits data to the PLC module 71 via the RS-232 interface.

[0059] like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, a liquid level sensor mounting bracket 5 is included. The liquid level sensor mounting bracket 5 is an L-shaped bracket, including a horizontal rod and a vertical rod. The vertical rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the urban tunnel. The end of the horizontal rod is provided with a mounting bracket 52 for mounting the liquid level sensor 51. The liquid level sensor 51 transmits data to the PLC module 71 through the fourth data transmission module.

[0060] In actual use, the vertical rod of the L-shaped bracket is fixed to the inner wall of the tunnel, and its horizontal rod extends to the area to be measured in the tunnel, with the distance between the horizontal rod and the tunnel floor being at least 1.2m. A mounting bracket 52 is welded to the end of the horizontal rod. The mounting bracket 52 has a circular through-hole adapted to the liquid level sensor 51. The liquid level sensor 51 is mounted through the mounting bracket 52, ensuring that the transmitting surface is parallel to the liquid surface. When the water level in the tunnel changes, the liquid level sensor 51 detects the liquid level height data in real time and transmits the signal to the PLC module 71 through the fourth data transmission module, realizing dynamic monitoring and early warning of water accumulation in the tunnel.

[0061] In one possible embodiment, the liquid level sensor 51 is an ultrasonic liquid level sensor of model MIK-MP-C, the fourth data transmission module is an RS485 converter, and the PLC module 71 is a Siemens S7-200. The "+" of the MIK-MP-C ultrasonic liquid level sensor is connected to the positive terminal of the 24V power supply, and the "-" is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. The A / B lines are connected to the RS485 converter, and then connected to the Siemens S7-200.

[0062] like Figure 7As shown, this embodiment also includes a light sensor mounting bracket 6, which includes a rotatably connected column 62 and a fixed mounting plate 64. The light sensor 61 is mounted on the fixed mounting plate 64, and a base plate 63 is provided at the bottom end of the column 62. The light sensor 61 transmits data to the PLC module 71 through the fifth data transmission module.

[0063] The light sensor 61 is mounted on the fixed mounting plate 64 using nuts or cable ties. The base plate 63 is fixed at a designated location inside the tunnel, and the column 62 can be rotated to adjust its angle, ensuring that the light sensor 61 on the fixed mounting plate 64 reaches the optimal angle, guaranteeing that the sensing surface of the photodiode PD faces the monitoring area but not directly towards the light source. When the light intensity inside the tunnel changes, the light sensor 61 collects data in real time, converting the input light signal into an electrical signal through the photovoltaic effect. The stronger the light entering the light window, the greater the photocurrent and the greater the voltage; therefore, the light intensity can be determined by the voltage magnitude. The signal is transmitted to the PLC module 71 via the fifth data transmission module, enabling intelligent monitoring of the tunnel lighting environment.

[0064] In one possible embodiment, the base plate 63 is fixed to the horizontal bar of the liquid level sensor mounting bracket 5. The light sensor 61 uses a GY302 chip. The fifth data transmission module includes a microcontroller and a fifth wireless communication module. The VCC pin of the GY302 chip is connected to a 3V power supply, and the GND pin is connected to negative voltage. The SCL pin of the GY302 chip is connected to the I2C-SCL functional pin of the microcontroller, and the SDA pin of the GY302 chip is connected to the I2C-SDA functional pin of the microcontroller. The fifth wireless communication module enables communication between the microcontroller and the PLC module 71.

[0065] In this embodiment, both the first communication module 72 and the second communication module 82 are wireless communication modules. The first communication module 72 enables communication between the PLC module 71 inside the monitoring box 3 and the remote cloud server 91. Monitoring data needs to be uploaded to the cloud server 91 in real time, requiring strict communication stability. The first communication module 72 uses a 4G module, a 5G module, or an NB-IoT module. The second communication module 82 enables communication between the inspection personnel's handheld inspection data entry module 81 and the remote cloud server 91. Since the inspection personnel need to move within the tunnel, the second communication module 82 uses a 5G module or a Wi-Fi module.

[0066] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit this utility model in any way. Any simple modifications, alterations, or equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this utility model shall still fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A monitoring device for urban tunnels using digital twins, characterized in that: It includes a cloud server (91), a fixed monitoring module that is connected to the cloud server (91) and a patrol monitoring module held by the patrol staff; The fixed monitoring module includes a monitoring box (3) installed on the inner wall of the urban tunnel. The monitoring box (3) is equipped with an electronic circuit board. The electronic circuit board integrates a PLC module (71) and a first communication module (72) for enabling communication between the PLC module (71) and the cloud server (91). The input terminals of the PLC module (71) are respectively connected to a positioning module (73), an anchor rod force gauge (41), a piezometer (12), an earth pressure gauge (21), a liquid level sensor (51), and a light sensor (61). The inspection and monitoring module includes an inspection entry module (81) and a second communication module (82) for enabling communication between the inspection entry module (81) and the cloud server (91); The cloud server (91) is also connected to a data distribution server (92), which is connected to a local area network communication module (93) and a wide area network communication module (94) that transmits the physical entity data of the city tunnel to the digital twin module.

2. The urban tunnel monitoring device for digital twins according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device includes a piezometer installation pipe (1) pre-embedded between the lining of the urban tunnel and the surrounding rock. The inner wall of the piezometer installation pipe (1) near the surrounding rock is fixed with an installation plate (11). The installation plate (11) has a limiting hole that is adapted to the diameter of the permeable stone end of the piezometer (12). The output line of the piezometer (12) is connected to the first data transmission module, and the first data transmission module is connected to the PLC module (71).

3. A city tunnel monitoring device for digital twins according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system includes a soil pressure gauge installation slot (2) pre-reserved in the inner wall of the urban tunnel and an installation cylinder (23) adapted to the soil pressure gauge installation slot (2). A limit plate (24) is provided at the bottom of the installation cylinder (23). A through hole is provided on the limit plate (24) for the output line of the soil pressure gauge (21) to pass through. Multiple springs (22) extending into the installation cylinder (23) are provided on the limit plate (24). The natural length of the springs (22) is not less than the difference between the height of the installation cylinder (23) and the height of the soil pressure gauge (21). The output line of the soil pressure gauge (21) passes through the through hole and is connected to the PLC module (71) through the second data transmission module.

4. A city tunnel monitoring device for digital twins according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system includes anchor bolts (4) pre-embedded in the surrounding rock and with their tails exposed on the inner wall of the tunnel. The anchor bolts (4) pass through the bearing plate (42), the central hole of the anchor bolt force gauge (41), the loading plate (44), and the locking nut (45) in sequence. A hydraulic jack (43) is installed on the loading plate (44), and the hydraulic jack (43) is coaxial with the axis of the anchor bolts (4). The anchor bolt force gauge (41) is connected to a reading instrument, which transmits data to the PLC module (71) through the third data transmission module.

5. A city tunnel monitoring device for digital twins according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system includes a liquid level sensor mounting bracket (5), which is an L-shaped bracket consisting of a horizontal rod and a vertical rod. The vertical rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the urban tunnel, and the end of the horizontal rod is provided with a mounting bracket (52) for mounting the liquid level sensor (51). The liquid level sensor (51) transmits data to the PLC module (71) through the fourth data transmission module.

6. A city tunnel monitoring device for digital twins according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a light sensor mounting bracket (6), which includes a rotating column (62) and a fixed mounting plate (64). The light sensor (61) is mounted on the fixed mounting plate (64), and a base plate (63) is provided at the bottom of the column (62). The light sensor (61) transmits data to the PLC module (71) through the fifth data transmission module.

7. A city tunnel monitoring device for digital twins according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring box (3) has multiple wiring holes.

8. A city tunnel monitoring device for digital twins according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple fixed monitoring modules.

9. A city tunnel monitoring device for digital twins according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first communication module (72) and the second communication module (82) are wireless communication modules.

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