Flexible laminated photovoltaic module and power generation device
By stacking wide-bandgap and narrow-bandgap perovskite solar cells on a flexible substrate, the problem of limited application of rigid stacked solar cells is solved, realizing high-efficiency spectral utilization and low-cost photovoltaic modules, which are suitable for wearable electronic devices and building-integrated photovoltaics.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-20
AI Technical Summary
Existing rigid tandem perovskite solar cells have limited applications and cannot fully utilize the solar spectrum, resulting in energy waste and high costs.
Flexible tandem photovoltaic modules are used, which stack wide-bandgap perovskite cells and narrow-bandgap perovskite cells on a flexible substrate. By utilizing the back-to-back structure, photons of different wavelengths are absorbed, thereby improving spectral utilization.
It improves the conversion efficiency and stability of photovoltaic modules, reduces manufacturing costs, and expands application areas such as wearable electronic devices and building-integrated photovoltaics.
Smart Images
Figure CN224022190U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of solar cell technology, and in particular to a flexible tandem photovoltaic module and power generation device. Background Technology
[0002] The spectral distribution of sunlight ranges from ultraviolet to infrared, consisting of photons with wavelengths from 280 nm to 2500 nm. However, perovskite materials are only sensitive to visible light. Single-junction perovskite solar cells mainly absorb photons in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 780 nm, accounting for only 45-50% of the solar spectrum, resulting in a significant waste of energy. To reduce the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of perovskite solar cell modules, tandem perovskite solar cells have been developed.
[0003] Tandem solar cells typically consist of a top cell and a bottom cell stacked together, each used to capture different wavelengths of the incident spectrum. All-perovskite tandem solar cells, by stacking two perovskite absorption layers with different bandgap sizes, utilize the back of the cell to collect sunlight reflected and scattered from the Earth's surface, effectively broadening the cell's absorption spectrum and further improving the energy output of the module. However, current bottom tandem solar cells are mainly rigid cells, significantly limiting the application areas of tandem solar cells. Utility Model Content
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a flexible tandem photovoltaic module and power generation device to address the limitation of applications for rigid tandem solar cells.
[0005] A flexible tandem photovoltaic module includes the following structure stacked sequentially from bottom to top: a first flexible substrate, a first cell, an insulating layer, a second cell, and a second flexible substrate.
[0006] The aforementioned flexible tandem photovoltaic modules, fabricated on flexible substrates, have advantages such as being lightweight, thin, shapeable, and having a high power-to-weight ratio, and can be applied in fields such as wearable electronic devices, unmanned aerial vehicles, and building-integrated photovoltaics.
[0007] In one embodiment, the first flexible substrate contains at least one of PET, PEN, and PI.
[0008] In one embodiment, the second flexible substrate contains at least one of PET, PEN, and PI.
[0009] In one embodiment, the thickness of the first flexible substrate is 100~200μm.
[0010] In one embodiment, the thickness of the second substrate is 100~200μm.
[0011] In one embodiment, the first battery cell includes at least one of perovskite battery, copper indium gallium selenide photovoltaic cell, cadmium telluride photovoltaic cell, gallium arsenide photovoltaic cell, copper zinc tin sulfur selenide photovoltaic cell, and silicon-based photovoltaic cell; the second battery cell includes a perovskite battery.
[0012] In one embodiment, the first battery cell includes a perovskite battery.
[0013] In one embodiment, the first battery cell includes a wide-bandgap perovskite cell, and the second battery cell includes a narrow-bandgap perovskite cell.
[0014] In one embodiment, the band gap of the first battery cell is 1.6~1.8 eV; the band gap of the second battery cell is 1.3~1.6 eV.
[0015] This flexible tandem photovoltaic module combines wide-bandgap perovskite cells and narrow-bandgap perovskite cells back-to-back. Short-wavelength light can be absorbed by the wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells, while longer-wavelength light is absorbed by the narrow-bandgap perovskite solar cells on the other side through reflection and scattering from the Earth's surface. This improves the utilization rate of the solar spectrum, thereby maximizing the conversion efficiency, performance, and stability of the photovoltaic module and reducing the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module.
[0016] In one embodiment, the wide-bandgap perovskite solar cell includes the following structure stacked sequentially from bottom to top: a first electrode layer, a first charge transport layer, a wide-bandgap perovskite light-absorbing layer, a second charge transport layer, and a second electrode.
[0017] In one embodiment, the narrow bandgap perovskite solar cell includes the following structure stacked sequentially from bottom to top: a first electrode layer, a first charge transport layer, a narrow bandgap perovskite light-absorbing layer, a second charge transport layer, and a second electrode.
[0018] In one embodiment, the first electrode layer is a transparent conductive layer, the first charge transport layer is a hole transport layer, and the second charge transport layer is an electron transport layer.
[0019] In one embodiment, the perovskite structure in the perovskite light-absorbing layer is ABX3, wherein A is a monovalent cation, including at least one of methylamine, formamidinium, cesium, and rubidium; B includes at least one of lead, tin, or strontium; and X includes at least one of iodine, bromine, and chlorine.
[0020] In one embodiment, the insulating layer contains at least one of silicone, acrylic acid, polyurethane, epoxy resin, synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, modified resin, EVA, POE, TPO, PE, sarin resin, PET, ETFE, PEN, and PI. EVA, POE, TPO, PE, sarin resin, PET, ETFE, PEN, and PI are all high molecular weight polymers.
[0021] In one embodiment, the thickness of the isolation layer is 100 nm to 2.5 mm.
[0022] In one embodiment, the insulating layer includes a first adhesive layer, a second adhesive layer, and a third adhesive layer stacked sequentially; the first adhesive layer is connected to the first battery cell, and the third adhesive layer is connected to the second battery cell.
[0023] In one embodiment, the first adhesive layer contains at least one of silicone, acrylic, polyurethane, epoxy resin, synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, modified resin, EVA, POE, TPO, PE, sarin resin, PET, ETFE, PEN, and PI; the second adhesive layer contains at least one of PET, POE, EVA, PE, and sarin resin; and the third adhesive layer contains at least one of silicone, acrylic, polyurethane, epoxy resin, synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, modified resin, EVA, POE, TPO, PE, sarin resin, PET, ETFE, PEN, and PI.
[0024] In one embodiment, the thickness of the first adhesive layer is 100 nm to 1 mm; the thickness of the second adhesive layer is 300 μm to 1.2 mm; and the thickness of the third adhesive layer is 100 nm to 5 μm.
[0025] In one embodiment, the light transmittance of the isolation layer is 65% to 95%.
[0026] In one embodiment, the light transmittance of the isolation layer is 80% to 95%.
[0027] In one embodiment, the flexible tandem photovoltaic module can absorb photons with wavelengths ranging from 300nm to 1200nm.
[0028] In one embodiment, the flexible tandem photovoltaic module is a four-terminal tandem photovoltaic module.
[0029] This utility model also provides a power generation device, including the flexible tandem photovoltaic module as described above.
[0030] This utility model also provides an electrical device, including the flexible tandem photovoltaic module as described above.
[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0032] This invention discloses a flexible tandem photovoltaic module and power generation device, fabricated on a flexible substrate. It boasts advantages such as thinness, shapeability, and high power-to-weight ratio, and can be applied in wearable electronic devices, unmanned aerial vehicles, and building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV). The flexible tandem photovoltaic module combines wide-bandgap perovskite and narrow-bandgap perovskite solar cells in a back-to-back configuration. Short-wavelength light is absorbed by the wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells, while longer-wavelength light is absorbed by the narrow-bandgap perovskite solar cells on the other side through reflection and scattering from the Earth's surface. This improves the utilization rate of the solar spectrum, thereby maximizing the conversion efficiency, performance, and stability of the photovoltaic module while reducing its manufacturing cost. Attached Figure Description
[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one structure of the flexible multilayer photovoltaic module of this utility model;
[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one structure of the flexible tandem photovoltaic module of this utility model.
[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. First flexible substrate; 2. First battery cell; 3. Electrode of the first battery cell; 4. Separator layer; 41. First adhesive layer; 42. Second adhesive layer; 43. Third adhesive layer; 5. Electrode of the second battery cell; 6. Second battery cell; 7. Second flexible substrate. Detailed Implementation
[0036] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this utility model are shown in the drawings. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this utility model.
[0037] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component.
[0038] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0039] Example 1
[0040] A flexible tandem photovoltaic module, such as Figure 1 As shown, the structure includes the following components stacked sequentially from bottom to top: a first flexible substrate 1, a first battery cell 2, an electrode 3 of the first battery cell, an insulating layer 4, an electrode 5 of the second battery cell, a second battery cell 6, and a second flexible substrate 7.
[0041] Specifically, the first flexible substrate 1 is a PET layer with a thickness of approximately 150 μm; the first battery cell 2 is a wide-bandgap perovskite battery, comprising, from bottom to top, an ITO transparent conductive layer, a PTAA hole transport layer, a wide-bandgap perovskite light-absorbing layer, and a C layer. 60 The SnO2 electron transport layer and ITO electrode layer form a wide bandgap perovskite light-absorbing layer with a bandgap of 1.68 eV; the isolation layer 4 is a POE layer with a thickness of approximately 2 mm; the second cell unit 6 is a narrow bandgap perovskite cell, comprising, from bottom to top, an ITO transparent conductive layer, a PTAA hole transport layer, a narrow bandgap perovskite light-absorbing layer, and a C… 60 The electron transport layer and ITO electrode layer of SnO2 have a band gap of 1.3 eV, and the narrow band gap perovskite light-absorbing layer has a band gap of 1.3 eV; the second flexible substrate 7 is a PET layer with a thickness of about 150 μm.
[0042] Example 2
[0043] A flexible tandem photovoltaic module, such as Figure 2 As shown, the structure includes the following components stacked sequentially from bottom to top: a first flexible substrate 1, a first battery cell 2, an electrode 3 of the first battery cell, an insulating layer 4, an electrode 5 of the second battery cell, a second battery cell 6, and a second flexible substrate 7.
[0044] Specifically, the first flexible substrate 1 is a PET layer with a thickness of approximately 150 μm; the first battery cell 2 is a wide-bandgap perovskite battery, comprising, from bottom to top, an ITO transparent conductive layer, a PTAA hole transport layer, a wide-bandgap perovskite light-absorbing layer, and a C layer. 60The SnO2 electron transport layer and ITO electrode layer form a wide bandgap perovskite light-absorbing layer with a bandgap of 1.68 eV. The separator 4 consists of a first adhesive layer 41, a second adhesive layer 42, and a third adhesive layer 43 stacked sequentially. The first adhesive layer 41 is connected to the first battery unit 2, and the third adhesive layer 43 is connected to the second battery unit 6. The first adhesive layer 41 is a 0.6-0.8 mm thick POE layer, the second adhesive layer 42 is an approximately 150 μm thick PET layer, and the third adhesive layer 43 is a 0.6-0.8 mm thick POE layer. The second battery unit 6 is a narrow bandgap perovskite battery, comprising, from bottom to top, an ITO transparent conductive layer, a PTAA hole transport layer, a narrow bandgap perovskite light-absorbing layer, and a C… 60 The electron transport layer and ITO electrode layer of SnO2 have a band gap of 1.3 eV, and the narrow band gap perovskite light-absorbing layer has a band gap of 1.3 eV; the second flexible substrate 7 is a PET layer with a thickness of about 150 μm.
[0045] Example 3
[0046] A flexible tandem photovoltaic module, such as Figure 2 As shown, the structure includes the following components stacked sequentially from bottom to top: a first flexible substrate 1, a first battery cell 2, an electrode 3 of the first battery cell, an insulating layer 4, an electrode 5 of the second battery cell, a second battery cell 6, and a second flexible substrate 7.
[0047] Specifically, the first flexible substrate 1 is a PET layer with a thickness of approximately 150 μm; the first battery cell 2 is a wide-bandgap perovskite battery, comprising, from bottom to top, an ITO transparent conductive layer, a PTAA hole transport layer, a wide-bandgap perovskite light-absorbing layer, and a C layer. 60 The SnO2 electron transport layer and ITO electrode layer form a wide bandgap perovskite light-absorbing layer with a bandgap of 1.68 eV. The separator 4 consists of a first adhesive layer 41, a second adhesive layer 42, and a third adhesive layer 43 stacked sequentially. The first adhesive layer 41 is connected to the first battery unit 2, and the third adhesive layer 43 is connected to the second battery unit 6. The first adhesive layer 41 is an organosilicon layer with a thickness of approximately 800 nm; the second adhesive layer 42 is a POE layer with a thickness of approximately 1.2 mm; and the third adhesive layer 43 is an organosilicon layer with a thickness of approximately 800 nm. The second battery unit 6 is a narrow bandgap perovskite battery, comprising, from bottom to top, an ITO transparent conductive layer, a PTAA hole transport layer, a narrow bandgap perovskite light-absorbing layer, and a C… 60 The electron transport layer and ITO electrode layer of SnO2 have a band gap of 1.3 eV, and the narrow band gap perovskite light-absorbing layer has a band gap of 1.3 eV; the second flexible substrate 7 is a PET layer with a thickness of about 150 μm.
[0048] Example 4
[0049] A flexible tandem photovoltaic module, such as Figure 2As shown, the structure includes the following components stacked sequentially from bottom to top: a first flexible substrate 1, a first battery cell 2, an electrode 3 of the first battery cell, an insulating layer 4, an electrode 5 of the second battery cell, a second battery cell 6, and a second flexible substrate 7.
[0050] Specifically, the first flexible substrate 1 is a PET layer with a thickness of approximately 150 μm; the first battery cell 2 is a wide-bandgap perovskite battery, comprising, from bottom to top, an ITO transparent conductive layer, a PTAA hole transport layer, a wide-bandgap perovskite light-absorbing layer, and a C layer. 60 The SnO2 electron transport layer and silver electrode layer form a wide bandgap perovskite light-absorbing layer with a bandgap of 1.68 eV. The separator 4 consists of a first adhesive layer 41, a second adhesive layer 42, and a third adhesive layer 43 stacked sequentially. The first adhesive layer 41 is connected to the first battery unit 2, and the third adhesive layer 43 is connected to the second battery unit 6. The first adhesive layer 41 is a modified resin layer with a thickness of approximately 800 nm. The second adhesive layer 42 is a composite layer consisting of a POE layer, a PET layer, and a POE layer stacked together, with a thickness of approximately 1 mm. The third adhesive layer 43 is a modified resin layer with a thickness of approximately 800 nm. The second battery unit 6 is a narrow bandgap perovskite solar cell, comprising an ITO transparent conductive layer, a PTAA hole transport layer, a narrow bandgap perovskite light-absorbing layer, and a C layer stacked sequentially from bottom to top. 60 The electron transport layer and ITO electrode layer of SnO2 have a band gap of 1.3 eV, and the narrow band gap perovskite light-absorbing layer has a band gap of 1.3 eV; the second flexible substrate 7 is a PET layer with a thickness of about 150 μm.
[0051] Experimental Example
[0052] The transmittance of the isolation layer 4 in Examples 1 to 4 was tested using a UV-vis spectrometer. The results were as follows: the transmittance of the isolation layer 4 in Example 1 was 85%, the transmittance of the isolation layer 4 in Example 2 was 80%, the transmittance of the isolation layer 4 in Example 3 was 80%, and the transmittance of the isolation layer 4 in Example 4 was 80%.
[0053] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0054] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A flexible tandem photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The structure includes the following components stacked sequentially from bottom to top: a first flexible substrate (1), a first battery cell (2), an electrode (3) of the first battery cell, an isolation layer (4), an electrode (5) of the second battery cell, a second battery cell (6), and a second flexible substrate (7); the first battery cell (2) is a wide-bandgap perovskite battery; the second battery cell (6) is a narrow-bandgap perovskite battery; The isolation layer (4) is a POE layer; or the isolation layer (4) is a first adhesive layer (41), a second adhesive layer (42) and a third adhesive layer (43) stacked in sequence, the first adhesive layer (41) is connected to the first battery unit (2) and the third adhesive layer (43) is connected to the second battery unit (6), the first adhesive layer (41) is a POE layer, the second adhesive layer (42) is a PET layer and the third adhesive layer (43) is a POE layer.
2. The flexible tandem photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the first adhesive layer (41) is 100nm~1mm; the thickness of the second adhesive layer (42) is 300μm~1.2mm; and the thickness of the third adhesive layer (43) is 100nm~5μm.
3. The flexible tandem photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first adhesive layer (41) is a POE layer with a thickness of 0.6~0.8mm, the second adhesive layer (42) is a PET layer with a thickness of 150μm, and the third adhesive layer (43) is a POE layer with a thickness of 0.6~0.8mm.
4. The flexible tandem photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The band gap of the first battery cell (2) is 1.6~1.8eV; the band gap of the second battery cell (6) is 1.3~1.6eV.
5. The flexible tandem photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first battery cell (2) is a wide-bandgap perovskite battery with a bandgap of 1.68 eV; the first battery cell (2) includes an ITO transparent conductive layer, a PTAA hole transport layer, a wide-bandgap perovskite light-absorbing layer, and a C layer stacked sequentially from bottom to top. 60 The electron transport layer of SnO2 and the ITO electrode layer.
6. The flexible tandem photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second battery cell (6) is a narrow bandgap perovskite battery with a bandgap of 1.3 eV; the second battery cell (6) includes, from bottom to top, an ITO transparent conductive layer, a PTAA hole transport layer, a narrow bandgap perovskite light-absorbing layer, and a C layer stacked sequentially. 60 The electron transport layer of SnO2 and the ITO electrode layer.
7. The flexible tandem photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first flexible substrate (1) is a PET layer; the second flexible substrate (7) is a PET layer.
8. The flexible tandem photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The flexible tandem photovoltaic module can absorb photons with wavelengths ranging from 300nm to 1200nm.
9. The flexible tandem photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The light transmittance of the isolation layer is 80%~85%.
10. A power generation device, characterized in that, Including the flexible tandem photovoltaic module as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.