Shock absorber and motorcycle
By incorporating pressure relief holes in the motorcycle shock absorber and adjusting the damping force using Bernoulli's principle, the problems of insufficient smoothness on low-excitation road surfaces and insufficient support on high-excitation road surfaces are solved, thereby improving the riding experience and safety.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing two-wheeled motorcycle shock absorbers have poor absorption and ride smoothness on roads with low-impact conditions. They also lack support and comfort when going over potholes, uneven surfaces, and speed bumps, affecting the riding experience and posing safety risks.
Design a shock absorber that uses a pressure relief hole in the working hydraulic cylinder to control the flow of hydraulic oil using Bernoulli's principle, and adjusts the damping force according to the degree of road excitation, so as to reduce the damping force on roads with low excitation and increase the support force when passing through roads with high excitation.
It achieves smoothness and comfort on roads with low stress, while providing sufficient support on roads with high stress, thus improving vehicle stability and driver safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN224032991U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of shock absorption equipment technology, and more specifically, to a shock absorber. Furthermore, this utility model also relates to a motorcycle including the aforementioned shock absorber. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, while the shock absorbers of two-wheeled motorcycles ensure the absorption of minor road imperfections and smoothness during riding, their performance in terms of comfort and smoothness when traversing large potholes, uneven surfaces, and speed bumps is very poor. There is a noticeable impact and hardness in the hands and buttocks, especially with the large pitch of the entire vehicle and insufficient support. It is impossible to effectively guarantee comfort on minor road imperfections while also ensuring comfort on major impacts. These problems become more prominent during long rides, affecting the riding experience. Furthermore, when encountering large impacts and speed bumps, the poor support of the entire vehicle makes it easy to bottom out, posing risks to the reliability and durability of the motorcycle. In addition, it causes obvious discomfort to the driver and may even cause some harm to the driver.
[0003] In summary, how to provide a shock absorber that can both support against large impacts and absorb small impacts is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a shock absorber that ensures the absorption of road surface stresses and smoothness during driving, while taking into account both support and comfort when passing through potholes, uneven roads, and speed bumps.
[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide a motorcycle that includes the aforementioned shock absorber.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0007] A shock absorber, comprising:
[0008] A working hydraulic cylinder, the interior of which is a recovery chamber, and the recovery chamber is provided with a piston that cooperates with the working hydraulic cylinder and a piston rod connected to the piston;
[0009] The fork tube has a working hydraulic cylinder located inside it, and an outer chamber is provided between the fork tube and the working hydraulic cylinder, which is filled with hydraulic oil.
[0010] A pressure relief hole is located in the working hydraulic cylinder and is used to connect the recovery chamber and the outer chamber.
[0011] Furthermore, in this invention, the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief hole is %-% of the cross-sectional area of the restoration cavity.
[0012] Furthermore, in this invention, the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief hole is [percentage] of the cross-sectional area of the restoration cavity.
[0013] Furthermore, in this invention, the axis of the pressure relief hole is arranged perpendicularly to the axis of the working hydraulic cylinder.
[0014] Furthermore, in this invention, the pressure relief hole is located below the hydraulic oil level.
[0015] Furthermore, this utility model also includes:
[0016] A buffer spring is located inside the recovery cavity and sleeved on the outside of the piston rod. The working hydraulic cylinder is provided with a positioning protrusion, and the buffer spring is located between the piston and the positioning protrusion.
[0017] Furthermore, in this invention, the pressure relief hole is located between the buffer spring and the positioning protrusion under extreme compression.
[0018] Furthermore, this utility model also includes:
[0019] The main spring is sleeved outside the working hydraulic cylinder and located inside the outer cavity;
[0020] A spring positioning seat, which is mounted on the working hydraulic cylinder;
[0021] Decorative tube, which is fitted over the outside of the fork tube.
[0022] A motorcycle includes a frame and wheels, and also includes the shock absorber described above.
[0023] The shock absorber provided by this utility model connects the piston and piston rod and installs them inside the recovery chamber of the working hydraulic cylinder. The working hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the fork tube, and an outer chamber is provided between the fork tube and the working hydraulic cylinder. The pressure relief hole is located in the working hydraulic cylinder and is used to connect the recovery chamber and the outer chamber. When the piston moves, the internal hydraulic oil flows through the pressure relief hole. According to Bernoulli's principle, the pressure is high where the flow velocity is low and the pressure is low where the flow velocity is high. Therefore, when passing through a road surface with low excitation, the piston moves at a low speed. Because the flow velocity at the opening position is relatively high, the speed of the oil through the small hole will increase, reducing the damping force. However, when passing through a road surface with high excitation, the piston moves at a high speed. The pressure at the opening position is high, and the speed of the oil through the small hole will decrease or stop, thus forming a closed state. The high-speed damping remains unchanged, improving the support force, ensuring vehicle stability, providing the driver with a safe and comfortable driving experience, and ensuring the driver's safety.
[0024] The motorcycle provided by this utility model includes the above-mentioned shock absorber and has the above-mentioned beneficial effects. Attached Figure Description
[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.
[0026] Fig. 1 This is a partial structural diagram of the pressure relief hole provided by this utility model;
[0027] Fig. 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the overall cross-section of the shock absorber provided by this utility model;
[0028] Fig. 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the shock absorber provided by this utility model when in use;
[0029] Figs. 1-3 In the accompanying drawings, the reference numerals include:
[0030] Working hydraulic cylinder 1, piston 2, piston rod 3, fork tube 4, outer chamber 5, recovery chamber 6, buffer spring 7, positioning protrusion 8, main spring 9, spring positioning seat 10, decorative cylinder 11, pressure relief hole 12. Detailed Implementation
[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0032] The core of this invention is to provide a shock absorber that ensures the absorption of road surface stresses under small excitations and smoothness during driving, while also taking into account support and comfort when passing over potholes, uneven roads, and speed bumps.
[0033] Another core aspect of this invention is to provide a motorcycle that includes the aforementioned shock absorber.
[0034] Please refer to Figs. 1-3 A shock absorber includes a working hydraulic cylinder 1, a fork tube 4, and a pressure relief hole 12. The working hydraulic cylinder 1 has a recovery chamber 6 inside, and a piston 2 that cooperates with the working hydraulic cylinder 1 and a piston rod 3 connected to the piston 2 are provided in the recovery chamber 6. The working hydraulic cylinder 1 is located inside the fork tube 4, and an outer chamber 5 is provided between the fork tube 4 and the working hydraulic cylinder 1. The pressure relief hole 12 is located in the working hydraulic cylinder 1 and is used to connect the recovery chamber 6 and the outer chamber 5.
[0035] In use, piston 2 is connected to piston rod 3 and installed inside the recovery chamber 6 of working hydraulic cylinder 1. Working hydraulic cylinder 1 is installed inside fork tube 4. An outer chamber 5 is provided between fork tube 4 and working hydraulic cylinder 1. Pressure relief hole 12 is located in working hydraulic cylinder 1 and is used to connect recovery chamber 6 and outer chamber 5. When piston 2 moves, the internal hydraulic oil flows through pressure relief hole 12. According to Bernoulli's principle, the pressure is high where the flow velocity is low and the pressure is low where the flow velocity is high. Therefore, when passing through a road surface with low excitation, piston 2 moves at low speed. Because the flow velocity at the opening position is relatively high, the speed of the oil through the small hole will increase, reducing the damping force. However, when passing through a road surface with high excitation, piston 2 moves at high speed. The pressure at the opening position is high, and the speed of the oil through the small hole will decrease or stop, thus forming a closed state. The high-speed damping remains unchanged, improving the support force, ensuring vehicle stability, providing the driver with a safe and comfortable driving experience, and ensuring the driver's safety.
[0036] Optionally, in some embodiments, the piston 2 in this embodiment may be made of a metallic material, such as cast iron, aluminum alloy or steel.
[0037] Optionally, in some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief hole 12 is 1%-5% of the cross-sectional area of the recovery cavity 6. Specifically, the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief hole 12 is 3% of the cross-sectional area of the recovery cavity 6. The diameter of the pressure relief hole 12 is limited so that it can adapt to the working hydraulic cylinder 1 that needs to be matched in size, so as to achieve the purpose of the pressure relief hole 12 forming effective resistance. Through experiments, it has been determined that when the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief hole 12 is 3%, its damping response to small excitation road surface and its ability to absorb the impact energy of the road surface, as well as its support when encountering large impacts and speed bumps, are optimal.
[0038] Optionally, in some embodiments, the pressure relief hole 12 may also adopt other cross-sectional area sizes. Specifically, when applicable to different products, such as when there are many small-impact road surfaces, the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief hole 12 can be appropriately increased, and the cross-sectional area can be 5% larger than the cross-sectional area of the recovery cavity 6 to improve the ability of the pressure relief hole 12 to absorb impact energy. When there are many large impacts, the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief hole 12 can be reduced, and the cross-sectional area can be 1% smaller than the cross-sectional area of the recovery cavity 6 to improve the support of the entire shock absorber.
[0039] Optionally, in some embodiments, the pressure relief hole 12 may have a circular or other polygonal cross-section, wherein a circular cross-section is easier to process and reduces the processing difficulty.
[0040] Optionally, in some embodiments, the axis of the pressure relief hole 12 is vertically arranged to the axis of the working hydraulic cylinder 1, that is, the vertically arranged pressure relief hole 12 is easier to process.
[0041] In other embodiments, pressure relief holes 12 with other tilt angles can also be used. By adjusting the angle of the pressure relief hole 12, the resistance to the directional flow of hydraulic oil can be reduced, which can also improve the ability of the pressure relief hole 12 to absorb impact energy.
[0042] Optionally, to further enhance the ability of the pressure relief hole 12 of the same size to absorb impact energy, in some embodiments, chamfers or rounded corners are adopted at both ends of the pressure relief hole 12 to reduce the resistance encountered by the hydraulic oil flow.
[0043] Optionally, in some embodiments, the pressure relief hole 12 is located below the hydraulic oil surface. Specifically, the pressure relief hole 12 is always completely below the hydraulic oil surface to ensure that there is no idle stroke during operation, reduce oil foaming, and the shock absorber is in a basically vertical state during use. Therefore, the hydraulic oil inside the device is always higher than the pressure relief hole 12, which can completely place the pressure relief hole 12 below the liquid surface.
[0044] Please refer to Figs. 1-3 In some embodiments, a buffer spring 7 is also included. The buffer spring 7 is located inside the recovery cavity 6 and is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod 3. The working hydraulic cylinder 1 is provided with a positioning protrusion 8. The buffer spring 7 is located between the piston 2 and the positioning protrusion 8. That is to say, the positioning protrusion 8 fixes the position of the buffer spring 7.
[0045] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the function of the buffer spring 7 is to absorb vibrations: when a vehicle is driving on an uneven road surface, vibrations and bumps will occur. The buffer spring 7 can absorb these vibrations, reduce the amplitude of vehicle body vibration, thereby improving ride comfort and reducing noise: by absorbing the noise generated by the suspension system, the buffer spring 7 can reduce in-vehicle noise and provide a quieter driving environment.
[0046] Optionally, in the above embodiments, the positioning protrusion 8 may be an annular structure that mates with the cylinder, or other shapes may be used.
[0047] Optionally, in some embodiments, the positioning protrusion 8 adopts a groove structure. Specifically, the positioning protrusion 8 is annular and the cross-section of the positioning protrusion 8 is concave. Therefore, when the buffer spring 7 is inserted into the positioning protrusion 8, it can effectively limit the buffer spring 7 on the one hand, and reduce the movement of the buffer spring 7 on the other hand, thereby reducing the noise when the shock absorber is in use.
[0048] Optionally, in the above embodiments, the groove width of the positioning protrusion 8 is greater than the diameter of the buffer spring wire, so that the buffer spring 7 can enter the groove.
[0049] Optionally, in the above embodiments, the positioning protrusion 8 is provided with an anti-detachment protrusion inside the groove. Specifically, the anti-detachment protrusion is made of a deformable material and can compress the buffer spring 7 to fix it in the groove.
[0050] Optionally, in some embodiments, the pressure relief hole 12 is located between the buffer spring 7 and the positioning protrusion 8 under extreme compression. Specifically, the buffer spring 7 is located between the piston 2 and the positioning protrusion 8, so as to avoid the buffer spring 7 blocking the pressure relief hole 12 and ensure the effective use of the pressure relief hole 12.
[0051] Optionally, in some embodiments, a preset gap is maintained between the pressure relief hole 12 and the buffer spring 7 for hydraulic oil flow.
[0052] Optionally, in some embodiments, in order to prevent the pressure relief hole 12 from being blocked by the buffer spring 7, the pressure relief hole 12 can be placed inside the positioning protrusion 8. Specifically, the pressure relief hole 12 and the positioning protrusion 8 are on the same straight line in the vertical direction, and the pressure relief hole 12 penetrates the positioning protrusion 8, so that the pressure relief hole 12 remains unobstructed at the inlet position, and the function of the pressure relief hole 12 is achieved.
[0053] Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the obstruction of the buffer spring 7 can be reduced by increasing the diameter of the inlet of the pressure relief hole 12. Specifically, the opening of the pressure relief hole 12 facing the recovery cavity 6 is chamfered, and the distance of the far end of the chamfer is greater than the diameter of the buffer spring wire, which can ensure that the pressure relief hole 12 is less obstructed by the buffer spring 7.
[0054] Please refer to Figs. 1-3 In some embodiments, the device also includes a main spring 9, a spring positioning seat 10, and a decorative sleeve 11. The main spring 9 is sleeved outside the working hydraulic cylinder 1 and located inside the outer chamber 5. The spring positioning seat 10 is installed on the working hydraulic cylinder 1. The decorative sleeve 11 is sleeved outside the fork tube 4. In other words, the decorative sleeve 11 is used to enhance the aesthetics of the shock absorber.
[0055] In other words, the key point of this utility model embodiment is that a pressure relief hole 12 is set in the working hydraulic cylinder 1 to connect the restoration chamber 6 and the outer chamber 5. When the piston 2 moves, the internal hydraulic oil flows through the pressure relief hole 12. According to Bernoulli's principle, the pressure is high where the flow velocity is low and the pressure is low where the flow velocity is high. Therefore, when passing through a road surface with low excitation, the piston 2 moves at a low speed. Because the flow velocity at the opening position is relatively high, the speed of the oil through the small hole will increase, reducing the damping force. However, when passing through a road surface with high excitation, the piston 2 moves at a high speed. The pressure at the opening position is high, and the speed of the oil through the small hole will decrease or stop, thus forming a closed state. The high-speed damping remains unchanged, improving the support force, ensuring vehicle stability, providing the driver with a safe and comfortable driving experience, and ensuring the driver's safety.
[0056] In addition to the shock absorbers disclosed in the above embodiments, this utility model also provides a motorcycle including the above-mentioned shock absorbers. For the structure of other parts of the motorcycle, please refer to the prior art, which will not be repeated here.
[0057] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.
[0058] The above provides a detailed description of a shock absorber and motorcycle according to this utility model. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of this utility model. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this utility model without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A shock absorber, characterized in that, include: The working hydraulic cylinder (1) has a recovery chamber (6) inside. The recovery chamber (6) is provided with a piston (2) that cooperates with the working hydraulic cylinder (1) and a piston rod (3) that is connected to the piston (2). Fork tube (4), the working hydraulic cylinder (1) is located inside the fork tube (4), and an outer chamber (5) is provided between the fork tube (4) and the working hydraulic cylinder (1), and the outer chamber (5) is filled with hydraulic oil; Pressure relief hole (12) is located in the working hydraulic cylinder (1) and is used to connect the recovery chamber (6) and the outer chamber (5).
2. A shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of the pressure relief hole (12) is 1%-5% of the cross-sectional area of the restoration cavity (6).
3. A shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of the pressure relief hole (12) is 3% of the cross-sectional area of the restoration cavity (6).
4. A shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that, The axis of the pressure relief hole (12) is perpendicular to the axis of the working hydraulic cylinder (1).
5. A shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressure relief hole (12) is located below the hydraulic oil level.
6. A shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A buffer spring (7) is located inside the recovery cavity (6) and sleeved on the outside of the piston rod (3). The working hydraulic cylinder (1) is provided with a positioning protrusion (8), and the buffer spring (7) is located between the piston (2) and the positioning protrusion (8).
7. A shock absorber according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pressure relief hole (12) is located between the buffer spring (7) and the positioning protrusion (8) in the ultimate compression state.
8. A shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The main spring (9) is sleeved on the outside of the working hydraulic cylinder (1) and located inside the outer chamber (5); Spring positioning seat (10), which is mounted on the working hydraulic cylinder (1); Decorative tube (11), which is fitted over the fork tube (4).
9. A motorcycle, comprising a frame and wheels, characterized in that, It also includes the shock absorber as described in any one of claims 1-8.