Desulfurization and denitrification tail gas treatment device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a desulfurization and denitrification tail gas treatment device, which relates to the technical field of environmental protection and comprises a control system, a pretreatment unit, a nano-catalyst desulfurization unit, a low-temperature plasma denitrification unit, a byproduct collection and resourceful treatment unit and a tail gas emission unit, the activity is improved and the service life is prolonged through the nano catalyst, and the replacement frequency is reduced; nitric oxide is efficiently removed at a relatively low temperature through low-temperature plasma; real-time monitoring and intelligent adjustment are achieved through a PLC, a sensor and remote monitoring, and the system stability is improved; solid by-products are converted into fertilizers or building materials through the by-product treatment unit, so that resource utilization is realized, and environmental pollution is reduced; the device can be used for effectively removing sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide, obviously reducing the operation cost, simplifying the maintenance process, effectively treating byproducts and realizing double improvement of environmental protection and economic benefits.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to environmental protection technical field, and more exactly relates to a kind of desulfurization and denitrification tail gas treatment device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Desulfurization and denitrification technology is an important waste gas treatment method in modern industry, aiming at effectively removing sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) generated in the combustion process. At present, the main desulfurization technologies include wet desulfurization, dry desulfurization and semi-dry desulfurization, while denitrification technologies include selective catalytic reduction (SCR), selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) and absorption method, etc. These technologies convert harmful gases into harmless substances or easily handled forms through chemical reactions or physical adsorption. However, the existing desulfurization and denitrification technologies still have many challenges. For example, although wet desulfurization has high removal efficiency, it requires a large amount of water resources and chemical reagents, has high operating cost and complex maintenance. In addition, by-products such as ammonium sulfate and nitrate produced in the denitrification process may cause secondary pollution to the environment if not properly treated. In addition, the complex equipment structure and operating conditions require frequent maintenance and repair, which increases the operating burden of enterprises. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to design a desulfurization and denitrification tail gas treatment device to solve the problems in the background art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above technical effects, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The application discloses a desulfurization and denitration tail gas treatment device, which comprises a control system, a pretreatment unit, a nano catalyst desulfurization unit, a low-temperature plasma denitration unit, a by-product collecting and resource processing unit and a tail gas discharge unit; the pretreatment unit is located at the front end of the device; an air inlet is arranged in the pretreatment unit and connected to an exhaust pipe of a factory through a flange; a valve is arranged in the air inlet and used for controlling the gas flow; the output port of the pretreatment unit is connected to the input port of the nano catalyst desulfurization unit; the output port of the nano catalyst desulfurization unit is connected to the input port of the low-temperature plasma denitration unit; the output port of the low-temperature plasma denitration unit is connected to the input port of the by-product collecting and resource processing unit; the output port of the by-product collecting and resource processing unit is connected to the input port of the tail gas discharge unit; the control system is connected to all the units through cables; the pretreatment unit is used for preliminarily removing large-particle dust and impurities in the tail gas; the nano catalyst desulfurization unit is used for reacting with sulfur dioxide by using a manganese dioxide catalyst loaded with titanium dioxide to generate a solid product; the low-temperature plasma denitration unit is used for reducing nitrogen oxides into nitrogen and water; the by-product collecting and resource processing unit is used for collecting solid by-products generated in the desulfurization and denitration processes and performing harmless treatment and resource processing; the tail gas discharge unit is used for discharging the clean tail gas into the atmosphere; and the control system is used for monitoring and adjusting the operation parameters of the whole device.

[0006] Further, the pretreatment unit is composed of a first cyclone separator, a filter screen and a support; the air inlet is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator through a flange, and the outlet of the first cyclone separator is connected to the filter screen through a pipeline.

[0007] Further, the nano catalyst desulfurization unit is composed of a nano catalyst bed, a microwave generator, a microwave emitter, a mixer, a reactor shell and a temperature control system; the inlet of the mixer is connected to the filter screen through a pipeline, the outlet of the mixer is connected to the nano catalyst bed in the reactor shell through a pipeline, the microwave generator is connected to the microwave emitter in the reactor shell through a cable, and the temperature control system is connected to the reactor shell through a sensor and an actuator.

[0008] Further, the low-temperature plasma denitration unit comprises a low-temperature plasma generator, an electrode, a reaction chamber and a power supply system; the low-temperature plasma generator is connected to the electrode in the reaction chamber through a cable, and the power supply system is connected to the low-temperature plasma generator through a cable.

[0009] Further, the by-product collection and resource processing unit comprises a second cyclone separator, a bag-type dust collector, a solid-liquid separator, a dryer, a bioreactor and a by-product storage tank; an inlet of the second cyclone separator is connected to an outlet of the low-temperature plasma reaction chamber through a pipeline; a solid outlet of the second cyclone separator is connected to an inlet of the bag-type dust collector through a conveying pipeline; a gas outlet of the second cyclone separator is connected to the tail gas discharge unit through a pipeline; a solid outlet of the bag-type dust collector is connected to an inlet of the solid-liquid separator through a conveying pipeline; a solid outlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected to an inlet of the dryer through a conveying pipeline; an outlet of the dryer is connected to an inlet of the bioreactor through a conveying pipeline; an outlet of the bioreactor is connected to the by-product storage tank through a conveying pipeline.

[0010] Further, the tail gas discharge unit comprises a chimney, a monitoring sensor and a fan; an inlet of the fan is connected to the gas outlet of the second cyclone separator through a pipeline; an outlet of the fan is connected to the chimney through a pipeline; the monitoring sensor is installed inside the chimney and is connected to the control system through a cable.

[0011] Further, the control system comprises a PLC controller, a sensor, an actuator, a remote monitoring system and a data acquisition module; the data acquisition module is connected to the PLC controller through a cable; the PLC controller is connected to the remote monitoring system through a network; the actuator is connected to the PLC controller through a cable and receives a control signal.

[0012] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present application has the following advantages:

[0013] In the present application, the nano catalyst desulfurization unit adopts a titanium dioxide loaded manganese dioxide catalyst, which has higher activity and longer service life, reduces the amount and replacement frequency of the catalyst, and thus greatly reduces the operating cost. At the same time, the low-temperature plasma denitration unit efficiently removes nitrogen oxides at a lower temperature through low-temperature plasma technology, further reducing energy consumption and operating cost. The modular design allows each unit to be independently replaced and maintained, reducing overall maintenance cost and prolonging the service life of the equipment.

[0014] Secondly, the intelligent control system realizes real-time monitoring and intelligent adjustment of the entire device through the PLC controller, sensor, actuator and remote monitoring system, reduces manual intervention, improves the stability and reliability of the system. The key components adopt quick connectors, which are convenient to disassemble and clean, simplify the maintenance process and reduce downtime. The online monitoring system realizes real-time monitoring of the operating state through various sensors, provides early warning of faults and avoids long-term downtime and maintenance caused by sudden failures.

[0015] In addition, the by-product collection and resource treatment unit effectively collects and treats the solid by-products generated in the desulfurization and denitrification process through a cyclone separator, a bag-type dust collector, a solid-liquid separator, a dryer and a bioreactor, converts the solid by-products into valuable fertilizers or building materials through the bioreactor, realizes the resource utilization of the by-products, reduces environmental pollution and improves economic benefits. Through the dryer and the solid-liquid separator, the by-products are converted into recyclable or harmless forms, reducing the risk of secondary pollution. The pre-treatment unit removes large particles of dust and impurities in the tail gas through a cyclone separator and a filter screen, preventing the subsequent treatment unit from being blocked and ensuring the efficient operation of the subsequent treatment unit. The microwave generator in the nano-catalyst desulfurization unit provides energy to promote the reaction of the catalyst and sulfur dioxide, improving the reaction rate and efficiency. The low-temperature plasma denitrification unit efficiently removes nitrogen oxides at a lower temperature through low-temperature plasma technology, improving the denitrification efficiency. The tail gas discharge unit ensures that the clean tail gas after treatment is discharged into the atmosphere through monitoring sensors and fans, meeting environmental protection standards and reducing environmental pollution. Through resource treatment, the by-products are converted into valuable resources, reducing waste emissions and realizing circular economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings, wherein:

[0017] Figure 1 is a general working architecture diagram of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is a working process framework diagram of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 is a working principle framework diagram of the nano-catalyst desulfurization unit of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 is a working method process schematic diagram of the by-product collection and resource treatment unit of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 is a structure schematic diagram of the control system of the present application;

[0022] The figure is marked: 1, control system; 2, preprocessing unit; 3, nano catalyst desulfurization unit; 4, low temperature plasma denitration unit; 5, by-product collection and resource processing unit; 6, tail gas emission unit; 101, PLC controller, 102, sensor; 103, actuator; 104, remote monitoring system; 105, data acquisition module; 301, nano catalyst bed; 302, microwave generator; 303, microwave transmitter; 304, mixer; 305, reactor shell; 306, temperature control system; 401, low temperature plasma generator; 402, electrode; 403, reaction chamber; 404, power supply system; 501, second cyclone separator; 502, bag dust collector; 503, solid-liquid separator; 504, dryer; 505, bioreactor; 506, by-product storage tank; 601, chimney; 602, monitoring sensor; 603, fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] As Figures 1-5As shown, a kind of desulfurization and denitration tail gas treatment device, including control system 1, pre-processing unit 2, nano catalyst desulfurization unit 3, low-temperature plasma denitration unit 4, byproduct collection and resource processing unit 5 and tail gas discharge unit 6, the pre-processing unit 2 is located in the forefront of device, the pre-processing unit 2 in the gas inlet is set, the gas inlet is connected by flange the exhaust pipe of factory, the gas inlet is provided with valve, for control gas flow;The output of pre-processing unit 2 is connected with the input of nano catalyst desulfurization unit 3;The output of nano catalyst desulfurization unit 3 is connected with the input of low-temperature plasma denitration unit 4;The output of low-temperature plasma denitration unit 4 is connected with the input of byproduct collection and resource processing unit 5;The output of byproduct collection and resource processing unit 5 is connected with the input of tail gas discharge unit 6;Control system 1 is connected by cable with all above unit;The pre-processing unit 2 is used for preliminary removal of large particle dust and impurities in tail gas;Nano catalyst desulfurization unit 3 is used for using titanium dioxide loaded manganese dioxide catalyst and sulfur dioxide reaction, generates solid product;Low-temperature plasma denitration unit 4 is used for reducing nitrogen oxide to nitrogen and water;Byproduct collection and resource processing unit 5 is used for collecting solid byproduct generated in desulfurization and denitration process, and harmless and resource treatment;Tail gas discharge unit 6 is used for discharging clean tail gas after processing into atmosphere;Control system 1 is used for monitoring and adjusting the operating parameters of whole device.

[0025] Further, the pre-processing unit 2 is composed of a first cyclone separator, a filter screen and a bracket;The gas inlet is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator by flange, and the outlet of the first cyclone separator is connected to the filter screen by pipeline.

[0026] Further, the nano catalyst desulfurization unit 3 is composed of a nano catalyst bed 301, a microwave generator 302, a microwave transmitter 303, a mixer 304, a reactor shell 305 and a temperature control system 306;The inlet of the mixer 304 is connected to the filter screen by pipeline, the outlet of the mixer 304 is connected to the nano catalyst bed 301 in the reactor shell 305 by pipeline, the microwave generator 302 is connected to the microwave transmitter 303 in the reactor shell 305 by cable, and the temperature control system 306 is connected to the reactor shell 305 by sensor and actuator.

[0027] In specific embodiments, the nanocatalyst desulfurization unit 3 uses a nanocatalyst bed 301 with high specific surface area and unique pore structure, which can provide a large number of active sites, greatly promoting the contact and reaction rate of SOx (sulfur oxides) with the catalyst surface. The combination of microwave generator 302 and microwave emitter 303 provides the necessary energy input for the entire reaction process, and the microwave energy can quickly and uniformly heat the catalyst bed, accelerating the chemical reaction while reducing the temperature gradient problem that may occur in traditional heat conduction methods, ensuring efficient use of the catalyst. The design of the mixer 304 allows the gas to be treated to be fully mixed with the catalyst particles, further improving the reaction efficiency. The reactor housing 305 provides a closed and controllable environment for the above components, and the temperature control system 306 ensures precise temperature control during the entire reaction process, avoiding catalyst deactivation or reaction efficiency decline due to excessive or insufficient temperature.

[0028] As shown in Figure 3 The specific working method is as follows: when the tail gas containing SOx enters the desulfurization unit 3, it first passes through the filter screen to remove large particle impurities, then enters the mixer 304, where it is initially contacted with the nanocatalyst and begins to pre-mix. Subsequently, the gas-catalyst mixture flows into the nanocatalyst bed 301 inside the reactor housing 305, where the microwave generator 302 generates microwave energy that is uniformly irradiated onto the catalyst bed through the microwave emitter 303, causing the catalyst surface to rapidly warm up to the appropriate reaction temperature. During this process, SOx molecules react with active sites on the catalyst surface, converting to harmless products such as sulfates. The temperature control system 306 monitors and adjusts the temperature inside the reactor in real time to ensure optimal reaction conditions. Finally, the purified gas is discharged from the reactor housing 305, completing the desulfurization process.

[0029] This unit achieves efficient removal of SOx in industrial tail gas by integrating advanced technologies such as microwave heating, nanocatalysis, and precise temperature control. Compared to traditional wet or dry desulfurization methods, this solution not only significantly improves desulfurization efficiency but also greatly reduces energy consumption and operating costs. The use of nanocatalysts not only increases the number of catalytically active sites within a unit volume but also improves the durability and stability of the catalyst. The introduction of microwave heating technology overcomes the problems of uneven heat transfer and slow reaction speed in traditional heating methods, achieving faster and more uniform heating. In addition, the addition of the temperature control system makes the entire desulfurization process more stable and controllable, effectively avoiding catalyst performance degradation due to temperature fluctuations. The nanocatalyst bed 301 uses TiO2-based nanocatalysts with a particle size range of 5-10 nm and a specific surface area >100 m 2 / g, porosity > 50%. The microwave generator 302 is model MWG-1200, with an output power of 1200W, a frequency of 2.45GHz, and is suitable for continuous operation mode. The microwave emitter 303 is model MWE-2450, with a maximum output power of 1200W, a working frequency of 2.45GHz, supports multi-mode radiation, and ensures uniform distribution of microwave energy. The mixer 304 is model MXR-08, with a processing capacity of 1000Nm 3 / h, designed with high-efficiency stirring blades to ensure that the gas and catalyst are fully mixed. The reactor shell 305 is made of 316L stainless steel, lined with high-temperature ceramic material, with a volume of 10m 3 , a maximum operating pressure of 1.0MPa, and a maximum working temperature of 500℃.

[0030] Further, the low-temperature plasma denitration unit 4 includes a low-temperature plasma generator 401, an electrode 402, a reaction chamber 403, and a power system 404. The low-temperature plasma generator 401 is connected to the electrode 402 in the reaction chamber 403 by a cable, and the power system 404 is connected to the low-temperature plasma generator by a cable.

[0031] In specific implementation, the low-temperature plasma denitration unit 4 utilizes the high-energy electrons and free radicals of low-temperature plasma to promote the decomposition and conversion of NOx (nitrogen oxides). Low-temperature plasma is a partially ionized gas that contains a large number of high-energy electrons, positive and negative ions, free radicals, and excited-state molecules. These active species have very high chemical reactivity and can effectively react with NOx molecules to convert them into harmless N2 and H2O. The low-temperature plasma generator 401 generates high-energy electrons and free radicals between the electrodes 402 in the reaction chamber 403 through the high voltage provided by the high-voltage power system 404. These high-energy electrons and free radicals collide with NOx molecules, initiating a series of chemical reactions that ultimately achieve efficient removal of NOx. The main advantage of low-temperature plasma technology is that it can perform efficient chemical reactions at relatively low temperatures, while having high energy utilization and low risk of secondary pollution.

[0032] The specific working method is as follows: in the low-temperature plasma denitration unit 4, the tail gas to be treated first enters the reaction chamber 403. The low-temperature plasma generator 401 is connected to the electrode 402 in the reaction chamber 403 by a cable, and the power system 404 provides the necessary high voltage for the low-temperature plasma generator 401. When the power system 404 is started, the low-temperature plasma generator 401 generates high-energy electrons and free radicals between the electrodes 402, forming a low-temperature plasma region. These high-energy electrons and free radicals collide with NOx molecules in the tail gas entering the reaction chamber 403, mainly initiating the following reactions:

[0033] 1. Reaction of electrons with NO:

[0034] e - +NO→N+O+e -

[0035] 2. Reaction of radicals with NO:

[0036] O + NO → NO2

[0037] O + NO2 → NO + O2

[0038] 3. Further reactions of NO2:

[0039] NO2 + NO2 → N2O4

[0040] N2O4 → N2 + 2O2

[0041] Through these reactions, NO x molecules are gradually converted into harmless N2 and H2O. Finally, the purified gas is discharged from the reaction chamber 403, completing the denitrification process. Throughout the process, the generation and maintenance of low-temperature plasma require precise power control to ensure efficient reactions. In specific implementations, the low-temperature plasma denitrification unit 4 has significant advantages in treating industrial tail gas containing NO x . First, low-temperature plasma technology can perform efficient chemical reactions at lower temperatures, avoiding the high-temperature equipment and high energy consumption required in traditional high-temperature denitrification methods. Second, high-energy electrons and radicals in low-temperature plasma have extremely high reactivity, which can quickly and effectively decompose NO x molecules, improving denitrification efficiency. In addition, low-temperature plasma technology also has good selectivity and flexibility, which can optimize denitrification effects by adjusting power parameters and reaction conditions. Compared with traditional SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) and SNCR (Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction) methods, low-temperature plasma denitrification technology does not require the addition of additional reducing agents (such as ammonia), reducing the risk of secondary pollution. At the same time, the device structure of low-temperature plasma technology is relatively simple, with low maintenance cost, suitable for various industrial application scenarios. Among them, the low-temperature plasma generator 401 is of PLG-3000 type, with an output power of 3000W and a frequency of 13.56MHz, suitable for continuous working mode. The electrode 402 is made of stainless steel, with a diameter of 10mm, a length of 500mm, a spacing of 100mm, and a special discharge structure designed to improve the uniformity and stability of the plasma. The reaction chamber 403 is made of 316L stainless steel, lined with corrosion-resistant ceramic material, with a volume of 5m 3 , a maximum operating pressure of 1.0MPa, and a maximum working temperature of 200℃. The power system 404 is of PSU-5000 type, with an adjustable output voltage of 0-50kV, a maximum output current of 100mA, and a constant voltage and current protection function to ensure stable generation of plasma.

[0042] Further, the byproduct collection and resource processing unit 5 includes a second cyclone separator 501, a bag filter 502, a solid-liquid separator 503, a dryer 504, a bioreactor 505, and a byproduct storage tank 506; the inlet of the second cyclone separator 501 is connected to the outlet of the low-temperature plasma reaction chamber through a pipeline; the solid outlet of the second cyclone separator 501 is connected to the inlet of the bag filter 502 through a conveying pipeline; the gas outlet of the second cyclone separator 501 is connected to the tail gas discharge unit 6 through a pipeline; the solid outlet of the bag filter 502 is connected to the inlet of the solid-liquid separator 503 through a conveying pipeline; the solid outlet of the solid-liquid separator 503 is connected to the inlet of the dryer 504 through a conveying pipeline; the outlet of the dryer 504 is connected to the inlet of the bioreactor 505 through a conveying pipeline; the outlet of the bioreactor 505 is connected to the byproduct storage tank 506 through a conveying pipeline.

[0043] In a specific implementation, the second cyclone separator 501 separates larger solid byproducts from the gas using centrifugal force. The cyclone separator generates centrifugal force through high-speed rotating gas flow, causing solid particles to settle along the wall and be discharged from the bottom, while clean gas is discharged from the top. The bag filter 502 is used to further capture fine solid particles. The bag filter captures fine particles in the gas through a filter medium (bag), when the gas passes through the bag, the particles are trapped on the surface of the bag, and regular cleaning of the bag can maintain its high dust capture capacity. The solid-liquid separator 503 is used to separate the liquid component in the collected solid byproducts. The solid-liquid separator usually uses mechanical pressure filtration or centrifugal separation to separate the solid and liquid, facilitating subsequent processing. The dryer 504 is used to dry the separated solid byproducts, reducing the moisture content and improving the convenience of subsequent processing and the value of resource utilization. The dryer evaporates the moisture in the solid byproducts through hot air or other heating methods. The bioreactor 505 is used for biological treatment of dried solid byproducts, converting them into valuable resources. The bioreactor contains specific microorganisms that convert byproducts into fertilizers, biomass fuels, etc. through biodegradation or biotransformation. The byproduct storage tank 506 is used to store the processed byproducts for transportation and utilization. The storage tank needs to have good sealing and corrosion resistance to ensure that the quality of the byproducts is not affected.

[0044] In the desulfurization and denitrification tail gas treatment device, such as Figure 4As shown, the tail gas enters the second cyclone separator 501 from the outlet of the low-temperature plasma reaction chamber. Inside the cyclone separator, the high-speed rotating gas flow generates centrifugal force, causing larger solid particles to settle along the wall and be discharged from the bottom into the conveying pipeline, eventually reaching the bag filter 502. Clean gas is discharged from the top of the cyclone separator and enters the tail gas discharge unit 6. The solid particles discharged from the cyclone separator 501 enter the bag filter 502. The bags inside the bag filter capture fine solid particles as the gas passes through the bags, trapping the particles on the bag surface. Regular cleaning of the bags can maintain their high dust-capturing capacity. The captured solid particles pass through the conveying pipeline into the solid-liquid separator 503. The solid by-products entering the solid-liquid separator 503 are separated from the liquid components by mechanical pressure filtration or centrifugal separation. The separated solid by-products pass through the conveying pipeline into the dryer 504. The dryer 504 evaporates the moisture in the solid by-products through hot air or other heating methods, making them dry. The dried solid by-products pass through the conveying pipeline into the bioreactor 505. In the bioreactor 505, the dried solid by-products are contacted with specific microorganisms, which are converted into valuable resources such as fertilizers and biomass fuels through biodegradation or biological conversion processes. The treated by-products pass through the conveying pipeline into the by-product storage tank 506. The treated by-products are stored in the by-product storage tank 506 for transportation and utilization. The storage tank needs to have good sealing and corrosion-resistant properties to ensure that the quality of the by-products is not affected.

[0045] The by-product collection and resource processing unit 5 effectively collects and processes various by-products generated during the desulfurization and denitrification process through multi-stage separation and treatment, avoiding secondary pollution and meeting environmental protection requirements. Secondly, through resource processing, the by-products are converted into valuable resources such as fertilizers and biomass fuels, realizing waste reuse and improving economic efficiency. In addition, the design and operation of this unit have high flexibility and reliability, which can be adjusted according to different working conditions and by-product characteristics to ensure the best treatment effect. Compared with traditional by-product treatment methods, this unit uses a combination of cyclone separators and bag filters to ensure efficient and complete capture of solid particles, reducing particulate matter emissions in the tail gas. Through solid-liquid separation, drying, and biological treatment, the by-products are converted into valuable resources, maximizing resource utilization.

[0046] The second cyclone separator 501 is model Cyclone-2000, with a processing capacity of 1000 Nm 3 / h, a separation efficiency of ≥99%, a maximum operating pressure of 1.0 MPa, and a highest working temperature of 200℃. The bag filter 502 is model BagFilter-3000, with a processing capacity of 1000 Nm 3 / h, a filtration area of 100 m2 , maximum operating pressure 1.0 MPa. Solid Liquid Separator 503, model Solid Liquid Separator-500, processing capacity 500 kg / h, separation efficiency ≥ 95%, maximum operating pressure 1.0 MPa. Dryer 504, model Dryer-1000, processing capacity 500 kg / h, drying temperature 100-150 °C, hot air flow 1000 Nm 3 / h. BioReactor 505, model BioReactor-2000, processing capacity 500 kg / h, reaction volume 2 m 3 , working temperature 30-40 °C, pH range 6.5-7.5. By-product storage tank 506, model StorageTank-5000, volume 5 m 3 , material 316L stainless steel, maximum operating pressure 1.0 MPa, maximum working temperature 50 °C.

[0047] Further, the tail gas discharge unit 6 includes a chimney 601, a monitoring sensor 602, and a fan 603; the inlet of the fan 603 is connected to the gas outlet of the second cyclone separator 501 through a pipeline; the outlet of the fan 603 is connected to the chimney through a pipeline; the monitoring sensor 602 is installed inside the chimney and connected to the control system 1 through a cable.

[0048] In specific implementation, the working process of the tail gas discharge unit 6 is as follows: first, the tail gas after being treated by the low-temperature plasma denitration unit 4 enters the second cyclone separator 501 through a pipeline to remove larger particulate matter therein. The gas outlet of the cyclone separator 501 is connected to the inlet of the fan 603 through a pipeline. After the fan 603 is started, the tail gas is sucked in through the negative pressure generated and transported to the chimney 601 through a pipeline. The air volume and air pressure of the fan 603 are adjusted according to the instructions of the control system 1 to ensure smooth flow of the tail gas in the pipeline and form a suitable discharge speed at the chimney opening. The height and diameter of the chimney 601 are designed to ensure that the tail gas is fully diffused in the high air, reducing the impact on the ground environment. At the same time, the monitoring sensor 602 installed inside the chimney monitors the pollutant concentration in the tail gas in real time and transmits the data to the control system 1. The control system 1 adjusts the operating parameters of the fan 603 according to the monitoring data to ensure that the tail gas discharge meets environmental protection standards. If the monitoring data exceeds the set range, the control system 1 will issue an alarm to prompt the operator to take necessary measures to ensure that the discharge meets the standards.

[0049] The overall function realization principle of the tail gas emission unit 6 is a closed-loop control system, which ensures the safety and environmental protection of tail gas emission through the cooperation of the chimney 601, the monitoring sensor 602 and the fan 603. Specifically, the design of the chimney 601 ensures that the tail gas is fully diffused in the high altitude, reducing the ground pollutant concentration. The monitoring sensor 602 monitors the pollutant concentration in the tail gas in real time and transmits the data to the control system 1, which adjusts the operating parameters of the fan 603 according to the monitoring data to ensure that the tail gas forms a suitable emission speed at the chimney opening. The fan 603 adjusts the air volume and air pressure to ensure smooth flow of the tail gas in the pipeline and forms sufficient emission speed at the chimney opening to promote the diffusion of the tail gas. The whole system realizes real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment to ensure continuous compliance of tail gas emission, avoiding the risk of over-standard emission and improving the operation efficiency and stability of the system.

[0050] Compared with the same type of hardware, the tail gas emission unit 6 has significant advantages and characteristics. First, the height and diameter of the chimney 601 are designed reasonably to ensure that the tail gas is fully diffused in the high altitude, reducing the impact on the ground environment and meeting strict environmental standards. Second, the high sensitivity and accuracy of the monitoring sensor 602 ensure continuous compliance of tail gas emission, avoiding the risk of over-standard emission and improving environmental compliance. In addition, the efficient operation of the fan 603 ensures smooth flow of the tail gas in the pipeline, reducing the risk of system blockage and improving the safety and reliability of the system. The real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment function of the control system 1 enables the system to dynamically adjust according to the actual working conditions to ensure the optimal effect of tail gas emission. Overall, the tail gas emission unit 6 realizes efficient, safe and environmentally friendly tail gas emission through advanced technology and intelligent control, providing a reliable solution for enterprises and contributing to the sustainable development of enterprises.

[0051] Further, the control system 1 comprises a PLC controller 101, a sensor 102, an actuator 103, a remote monitoring system 104 and a data acquisition module 105; the data acquisition module 105 is connected to the PLC controller 101 through a cable; the PLC controller 101 is connected to the remote monitoring system 104 through a network; the actuator 103 is connected to the PLC controller 101 through a cable to receive control signals.

[0052] In a specific implementation, the PLC controller 101 is responsible for receiving data from sensors, making calculations and decisions based on pre-set control logic, and sending control signals to actuators. PLC has high reliability and powerful data processing capability, can respond to system changes in real time, and ensure stable operation of the system. PLC also supports multiple communication protocols and can be seamlessly integrated with other devices and systems. Sensors 102 are used to monitor various parameters in the system in real time, such as temperature, pressure, gas concentration, etc. The sensors convert these physical quantities into electrical signals and transmit them to the PLC controller 101 through cables. High-precision sensors can provide accurate measurement data to ensure the effectiveness of the control system. Common sensor types include temperature sensors, pressure sensors, gas concentration sensors, etc. Actuators 103 are the execution mechanism of the control system, which adjusts the valve opening, motor speed, etc. according to the instructions of the PLC controller 101, to achieve precise control of the system. The response speed and accuracy of the actuator directly affect the control effect. Common actuator types include electric actuators, pneumatic actuators, and hydraulic actuators. Remote monitoring system 104 is connected to PLC controller 101 through the network to realize remote monitoring and management of the system. Operators can view real-time data of the system on remote terminals, adjust parameters and diagnose faults, improving the operability and maintainability of the system. Remote monitoring system also supports historical data recording and analysis to help operators optimize system operating parameters. Data acquisition module 105 is responsible for converting analog signals collected by sensors into digital signals and transmitting them to PLC controller 101 through cables. Data acquisition module has high sampling rate and anti-interference capability to ensure data accuracy and reliability. Data acquisition module also supports multiple input / output interfaces, allowing flexible connection of different types of sensors and actuators.

[0053] In the desulfurization and denitrification tail gas treatment device, the working process of the control system 1 is as follows:

[0054] 1. Data acquisition: Sensors 102 monitor various parameters in the system in real time, such as temperature, pressure, gas concentration, etc., and convert these physical quantities into electrical signals, which are transmitted to data acquisition module 105 through cables. Data acquisition module 105 converts analog signals into digital signals and transmits them to PLC controller 101 through cables.

[0055] 2. Data processing and decision-making: After receiving the digital signals transmitted by data acquisition module 105, PLC controller 101 makes calculations and decisions based on pre-set control logic. For example, if the monitored temperature exceeds the set value, PLC controller 101 will generate the corresponding control signal and send it to actuator 103.

[0056] 3. Execution Control: After receiving the control signal from the PLC controller 101, the actuator 103 adjusts the valve opening, motor speed, etc., to achieve precise control of the system. For example, adjust the air volume and air pressure of the fan to ensure that the exhaust gas forms a suitable discharge speed at the chimney outlet.

[0057] 4. Remote Monitoring: The remote monitoring system 104 is connected to the PLC controller 101 through the network, and the operator can view the real-time data of the system on the remote terminal, adjust the parameters and diagnose the faults. The remote monitoring system also supports historical data recording and analysis, helping the operator to optimize the operating parameters of the system.

[0058] 5. Feedback and Adjustment: The PLC controller 101 continuously adjusts the control parameters of the actuator according to the real-time monitoring data and remote operation instructions, ensuring the stable operation and optimization effect of the system. For example, by adjusting the air volume and air pressure of the fan, the optimal effect of exhaust gas discharge is ensured.

[0059] The overall function realization principle of the control system 1 is a closed-loop control system, which ensures the efficient, stable and safe operation of the desulfurization and denitrification tail gas treatment device through the cooperative work of the PLC controller 101, the sensor 102, the actuator 103, the remote monitoring system 104 and the data acquisition module 105. Specifically, the sensor 102 monitors various parameters in the system in real time and transmits data to the data acquisition module 105. The data acquisition module 105 converts analog signals into digital signals and transmits them to the PLC controller 101. The PLC controller 101 calculates and decides according to the preset control logic, generates control signals and sends them to the actuator 103. The actuator 103 adjusts system parameters according to the control signals to achieve precise control of the system. The remote monitoring system 104 is connected to the PLC controller 101 through the network, and the operator can view the real-time data of the system on the remote terminal, adjust the parameters and diagnose the faults. The whole system forms a closed-loop control loop through real-time monitoring, data processing, execution control and remote monitoring, ensuring the efficient operation and optimization effect of the system. Among them, the PLC controller 101 is of S7-1200 type, with a processing capacity of 1000 points / second, input / output points of 128 / 128, communication interfaces including Ethernet, RS485, supporting multiple communication protocols, and a protection level of IP67. The sensor 102 monitors parameters including temperature, pressure, gas concentration, etc., with a measurement range of temperature -40℃ to 150℃, pressure 0-1000kPa, gas concentration 0-1000ppm, accuracy ±1%, response time <1s, output signal 4-20mA, and protection level IP65. The actuator 103 includes electric actuators and pneumatic actuators, with a maximum output torque of 100Nm for electric actuators and a maximum output force of 1000N for pneumatic actuators, a response time of <1s, and a protection level of IP65. The remote monitoring system 104 supports Web access and mobile terminal access, with a data storage capacity of 1TB, supporting historical data recording and analysis, communication protocols including Ethernet, 4G / 5G, and a protection level of IP65. The data acquisition module 105 has a sampling rate of 10kHz, 16 input channels and 8 output channels, supports analog and digital signals, has strong anti-interference ability, and has a protection level of IP65.

[0060] The desulfurization and denitrification tail gas treatment device is exemplarily illustrated by specific embodiments as follows:

[0061] First, the tail gas containing SO2 and NOx is introduced from the factory exhaust duct through the flange- connected inlet, which is provided with manually and automatically controlled valves. By adjusting the valve opening, the gas flow is controlled to ensure smooth flow into the pretreatment unit. The pretreatment unit is composed of a first cyclone separator and a filter screen. The tail gas enters the first cyclone separator through the flange connection. The cyclone separator separates large particles by centrifugal force. The cleaned gas enters the filter screen through the pipeline to further remove fine particles, ensuring the purity of the gas. The cleaned gas after the filter screen enters the nanometer catalyst desulfurization unit through the pipeline. The cleaned gas enters the mixer through the pipeline, and the mixer uniformly mixes the gas and catalyst to ensure sufficient reaction. The mixed gas enters the nanometer catalyst bed in the reactor shell. The microwave generator is connected to the microwave emitter through the cable to provide energy to promote the reaction. The temperature control system monitors and adjusts the temperature in the reactor through sensors and actuators to ensure suitable reaction conditions. The reacted gas enters the low-temperature plasma denitration unit through the pipeline. The desulfurized gas enters the low-temperature plasma reaction chamber through the pipeline. The low-temperature plasma generator is connected to the electrode in the reaction chamber through the cable to generate low-temperature plasma. The low-temperature plasma reacts with nitrogen oxides in the gas to reduce them to nitrogen and water. The treated gas enters the byproduct collection and resource processing unit through the pipeline. The treated gas enters the second cyclone separator through the pipeline. The cyclone separator separates the solid byproducts, and the gas enters the tail gas discharge unit through the pipeline. The separated solid byproducts enter the bag filter through the conveying pipeline. The bag filter further separates solid particles, and the cleaned gas enters the tail gas discharge unit through the pipeline. The solid particles separated by the bag filter enter the solid-liquid separator through the conveying pipeline. The solid particles separated by the solid-liquid separator enter the dryer through the conveying pipeline. The dryer dries the solid particles. The dried solid particles enter the bioreactor through the conveying pipeline. The bioreactor converts the solid particles into valuable fertilizer or building material, which finally enters the byproduct storage tank through the conveying pipeline. The cleaned gas enters the fan through the pipeline. The fan sends the gas into the chimney. The monitoring sensor is installed inside the chimney to monitor the quality of the discharged gas in real time to ensure that the discharged gas meets environmental protection standards. The monitoring data is transmitted to the control system through the cable. The control system includes a PLC controller, sensors, actuators, a remote monitoring system, and a data acquisition module. The data acquisition module is connected to the sensors of each unit through the cable to collect real-time data. The data acquisition module transmits the data to the PLC controller. The PLC controller is connected to the remote monitoring system through the network. The operator can monitor and adjust the operating parameters in real time through the remote monitoring system. The actuators are connected to the PLC controller through the cable to receive control signals and adjust the operating status of each unit to ensure efficient and stable operation of the entire device.

[0062] Although the specific embodiments of the present application are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these specific embodiments are only illustrative, and those skilled in the art can make various omissions, replacements and changes to the details of the above method and system without departing from the principles and essence of the present application. For example, the above method steps are combined, and the substantially same function is performed according to the substantially same method to achieve the substantially same result, which belongs to the scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of the present application is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A desulfurization and denitrification tail gas treatment device, comprising a control system, a pretreatment unit, a nanocatalyst desulfurization unit, a low-temperature plasma denitrification unit, a byproduct collection and resource treatment unit, and a tail gas discharge unit, characterized in that: The pre-treatment unit is located at the front end of the device, an air inlet is arranged in the pre-treatment unit, the air inlet is connected to the exhaust pipe of the factory through a flange, a valve is arranged in the air inlet for controlling the gas flow; the output port of the pre-treatment unit is connected to the input port of the nano-catalyst desulfurization unit; the output port of the nano-catalyst desulfurization unit is connected to the input port of the low-temperature plasma denitration unit; The output port of the low-temperature plasma denitration unit is connected to the input port of the by-product collection and resource treatment unit; the output port of the by-product collection and resource treatment unit is connected to the input port of the tail gas discharge unit; the control system is connected to all the above units through cables; the pre-treatment unit is used for preliminary removal of large particle dust and impurities in the tail gas; the nano-catalyst desulfurization unit is used for reaction of sulfur dioxide with manganese dioxide catalyst loaded with titanium dioxide to generate solid products; The low-temperature plasma denitration unit is used for reducing nitrogen oxides into nitrogen and water; the by-product collection and resource treatment unit is used for collecting solid by-products generated in the desulfurization and denitration processes and harmless and resource treatment; the tail gas discharge unit is used for discharging the treated clean tail gas into the atmosphere; the control system is used for monitoring and adjusting the operating parameters of the entire device.

2. The desulfurization and denitrification tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-treatment unit is composed of a first cyclone separator, a filter screen and a support; the air inlet is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator through a flange, and the outlet of the first cyclone separator is connected to the filter screen through a pipeline.

3. The desulfurization and denitrification tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano-catalyst desulfurization unit is composed of a nano-catalyst bed, a microwave generator, a microwave transmitter, a mixer, a reactor shell and a temperature control system; the inlet of the mixer is connected to the filter screen through a pipeline, the outlet of the mixer is connected to the nano-catalyst bed in the reactor shell through a pipeline, the microwave generator is connected to the microwave transmitter in the reactor shell through a cable, and the temperature control system is connected to the reactor shell through sensors and actuators.

4. The desulfurization and denitrification tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-temperature plasma denitration unit includes a low-temperature plasma generator, an electrode, a reaction chamber and a power supply system; the low-temperature plasma generator is connected to the electrode in the reaction chamber through a cable, and the power supply system is connected to the low-temperature plasma generator through a cable.

5. The desulfurization and denitrification tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The by-product collection and resource processing unit comprises a second cyclone separator, a bag-type dust collector, a solid-liquid separator, a dryer, a bioreactor and a by-product storage tank; an inlet of the second cyclone separator is connected to an outlet of the low-temperature plasma reaction chamber through a pipeline; a solid outlet of the second cyclone separator is connected to an inlet of the bag-type dust collector through a conveying pipeline; a gas outlet of the second cyclone separator is connected to the tail gas discharge unit through a pipeline; a solid outlet of the bag-type dust collector is connected to an inlet of the solid-liquid separator through a conveying pipeline; a solid outlet of the solid-liquid separator is connected to an inlet of the dryer through a conveying pipeline; an outlet of the dryer is connected to an inlet of the bioreactor through a conveying pipeline; an outlet of the bioreactor is connected to the by-product storage tank through a conveying pipeline.

6. The desulfurization and denitrification tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail gas discharge unit comprises a chimney, a monitoring sensor and a fan; an inlet of the fan is connected to a gas outlet of the second cyclone separator through a pipeline; an outlet of the fan is connected to the chimney through a pipeline; the monitoring sensor is installed inside the chimney and is connected to a control system through a cable.

7. The desulfurization and denitrification tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system comprises a PLC controller, a sensor, an actuator, a remote monitoring system and a data acquisition module; the data acquisition module is connected to the PLC controller through a cable; the PLC controller is connected to the remote monitoring system through a network; the actuator is connected to the PLC controller through a cable and receives a control signal.

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