Reaming stabilizing device for raise boring machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of drilling operation, in particular to a chambering stabilizing device for a raise boring machine, which comprises a bearing ring arranged on an earth surface platform of the raise boring machine and provided with a penetrating hole for a drill rod to pass through; the multiple clamping jaws slide on the bearing ring in the radial direction of the bearing ring; the arc-shaped abutting blocks are arranged on the clamping jaws, and the inner sides of the arc-shaped abutting blocks can abut against the drill rod and are matched with the outer side wall of the drill rod; the rollers are rotationally arranged on the inner wall of the arc-shaped abutting block, abut against the drill rod and generate relative displacement with the drill rod; the driving assembly is arranged on the bearing ring, connected with the clamping jaws and used for driving the clamping jaws to slide. The drilling machine has the effect of improving the stability of the drilling machine in the drilling process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of drilling operation, in particular to a reaming stabilizing device for a reverse circulation drilling machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the reverse circulation drilling machine is a special drilling equipment for construction in underground space (such as shaft, ventilation shaft, water and electricity pressure well, etc.), and its core function is to form a vertical or inclined large-diameter wellbore through the process of pilot hole directional drilling and reverse reaming. Compared with the traditional blasting method or manual excavation, the reverse circulation drilling machine has the advantages of high efficiency, safety, high well quality, etc.

[0003] In the construction of the reverse circulation drilling machine, the drill pipe is prone to lateral shaking in the reaming process due to multiple factors, the main reasons including: the length of the drill pipe is large (usually more than 100 meters), which forms a cantilever effect under the action of gravity and torque, resulting in deflection deformation of the middle and lower parts; the force is uneven when the reaming tool cuts the rock layer, especially in hard rock breaking or soft and hard interbedded geological conditions, the drill bit vibration is transmitted to the ground through the drill pipe; the existing technology relies on the passive suppression of downhole drilling tool combination (such as stabilizer), but the diameter of the reaming section wellbore is large and the space requirement for rock residue is high, so it is difficult to set a downhole support structure. The above shaking not only accelerates the fatigue damage of the drill pipe, but also may cause the drill hole to deviate, affecting the well quality; the traditional anti-shaking means is mainly concentrated on optimizing the material of the drill pipe or adding a downhole stabilizer, for example, using high-stiffness alloy drill pipe or installing a roller-type centralizer in the middle of the drill pipe. However, such methods have significant defects: the installation of the downhole stabilizer needs to interrupt the operation, and is limited by the reaming diameter, which easily hinders the discharge of rock residue; the contact support of the drill pipe and the well wall may cause the risk of pipe sticking, especially in broken strata. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to improve the stability of the drilling machine in the drilling process, the present application provides a reaming stabilizing device for a reverse circulation drilling machine.

[0005] The reaming stabilizing device for the reverse circulation drilling machine provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A reaming stabilizing device for a reverse circulation drilling machine, comprising:

[0007] A supporting ring is arranged on the ground platform of the reverse circulation drilling machine, and a through hole is formed for the drill pipe to pass through;

[0008] A plurality of clamping jaws are arranged on the supporting ring and slide on the supporting ring in the radial direction of the supporting ring;

[0009] An arc-shaped abutting block is arranged on the clamping jaw, and the inner side of the arc-shaped abutting block is capable of abutting with the drill pipe and is adapted to the outer side wall of the drill pipe;

[0010] Rollers are arranged on the inner wall of the arc-shaped abutting block and are in contact with the drill pipe and are displaced relative to the drill pipe.

[0011] A driving assembly is arranged on the supporting ring and is connected with the clamping jaw to drive the clamping jaw to slide.

[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, the supporting ring is installed on the ground platform, and the drill pipe passes through the penetrating hole of the supporting ring. The clamping jaw slides along the radial direction of the supporting ring and is controlled to move by the driving assembly. The arc-shaped abutting block is fixed on the clamping jaw, and the rollers are arranged on the inner side of the arc-shaped abutting block and are in contact with the drill pipe.

[0013] The drill pipe passes through the penetrating hole of the supporting ring, and the driving assembly drives the clamping jaw to slide along the radial direction towards the drill pipe, so that the rollers are in close contact with the surface of the drill pipe. When the drill pipe rotates, the rollers rotate with the drill pipe, reducing the sliding friction, and the clamping jaw restrains the lateral shaking of the drill pipe through radial constraint.

[0014] By mechanical clamping and rolling contact, the lateral displacement of the drill pipe is actively inhibited, and the vibration caused by the cantilever effect is reduced. The rollers reduce the frictional resistance between the drill pipe and the device, and avoid the surface damage of the drill pipe caused by traditional fixed clamping. Through the arrangement of the lateral restraint, the swing caused by the excessive length and vibration of the drill pipe is reduced, the stability of the drilling machine is improved, and the damage to the connection of the drill pipe is reduced.

[0015] Optionally, the plurality of rollers are arranged in a spiral direction away from the ground and are consistent with the rotating direction of the drill pipe.

[0016] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the drill pipe rotates clockwise, the arrangement direction of the spiral rollers matches the rotation direction of the drill pipe. The rollers rotate with the drill pipe to generate an upward component force, which pushes the cuttings along the spiral trajectory. The self-cleaning effect of the spiral rollers reduces the accumulation of cuttings between the rollers and the drill pipe. The spiral component force cooperates with the rotation of the drill pipe to reduce the axial resistance of the rollers, improve the rotation efficiency of the drill pipe, reduce the accumulation of cuttings on the rollers, and reduce the impact on the stable rotation of the drill pipe, improve the stability, and reduce the wear of the drill pipe.

[0017] Optionally, the arc-shaped abutting block slides on the clamping jaw, and a locking assembly is arranged on the clamping jaw to connect the arc-shaped abutting block and the clamping jaw. An elastic member is arranged on the clamping jaw and is connected with the clamping jaw to drive the clamping jaw to approach the drill pipe.

[0018] By adopting the technical scheme, the elastic member provides a continuous pushing force, so that the clamping jaw is always close to the surface of the drill pipe; when the diameter of the drill pipe changes (such as at the joint), the arc-shaped abutting block can slide along the clamping jaw to adaptively adjust, and after adjustment, is fixed by the locking assembly; the diameter of the drill pipe is adaptively adjusted, so that clamping failure caused by the drill pipe joint or wear is avoided; the elastic member provides dynamic buffering to absorb instantaneous impact load and protect the structure of the device; stable binding of different diameter positions is realized, and the overall stability of the drilling rig is improved.

[0019] Optionally, the locking assembly comprises a locking block and a driving member, the locking block slides on the clamping jaw, a slot is formed on the arc-shaped abutting block, and the locking block is insertable with the slot; the driving member is arranged on the clamping jaw, and the driving member is connected with the locking block to drive the locking block to slide.

[0020] By adopting the technical scheme, when the arc-shaped abutting block is adjusted in place, the driving member pushes the locking block to slide into the slot to mechanically lock the position of the abutting block; reverse operation is performed when unlocking; the mechanical insertion locking has high reliability, and accidental displacement caused by vibration is avoided; the quick locking / unlocking function improves the adjustment efficiency of the device and reduces downtime.

[0021] Optionally, the driving member comprises a first electromagnet and a second electromagnet, the first electromagnet is arranged on the clamping jaw, the second electromagnet is arranged on the locking block, and the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet attract or repel each other.

[0022] By adopting the technical scheme, after the controller is powered on, the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet generate an attractive force or a repulsive force to push the locking block to insert or withdraw from the slot; the non-contact driving avoids the leakage risk of the hydraulic / pneumatic system; the electromagnetic response speed is fast (millisecond level), and is suitable for high-frequency locking demand.

[0023] Optionally, the surface of the roller is coated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant layer.

[0024] By adopting the technical scheme, when the drill pipe and the roller are rubbed for a long time, the tungsten carbide layer resists wear and tear to maintain the flatness of the surface of the roller; the hardness of the tungsten carbide is above HRA90, and the service life is improved; the replacement frequency of the roller is reduced, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

[0025] Optionally, the supporting ring is integrated with a vibration sensor and an inclination sensor for respectively detecting the vibration frequency and the inclination angle of the drill pipe in real time.

[0026] The driving assembly is connected to a controller, and the controller dynamically adjusts the sliding speed and clamping force of the clamping jaw according to the sensor data.

[0027] By adopting the technical scheme, the sensor monitors the vibration frequency and the deflection angle of the drill pipe in real time, the controller dynamically adjusts the output pressure of the driving assembly through the PID algorithm, it is convenient to select whether to need to intervene in clamping according to the actual situation, the intervention in clamping when the drill pipe is short is reduced, the service life of the equipment is prolonged, and energy is saved.

[0028] Optionally, a scraping brush is arranged on the supporting ring, and the scraping brush is in abutment with the drill pipe, so as to reduce the mud on the drill pipe.

[0029] By adopting the technical scheme, when the drill pipe rotates and rises, the scraping brush scrapes off the mud or rock debris attached to the surface, and keeps the contact surface of the roller clean; the slipping or jamming of the roller caused by the mud is reduced, the friction coefficient between the drill pipe and the roller is reduced, and the service life of the drill pipe and the roller is prolonged.

[0030] Optionally, a high-pressure nozzle is arranged on the supporting ring, and the high-pressure nozzle is electrically connected with the controller; when the drill pipe connection passes through the high-pressure nozzle, the controller controls the high-pressure nozzle to clean the drill pipe.

[0031] By adopting the technical scheme, when the drill pipe joint passes through the nozzle position, the controller identifies the joint features (such as the thread protrusion), starts the high-pressure water flow to flush the scale accumulated at the joint, accurately performs point cleaning, avoids the influence of the dirt on the sealing performance of the joint, the high-pressure water flow can remove the hardened mud skin, the cleaning efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the rock debris or mud entering the thread during disassembly is reduced, and the installation difficulty of subsequent continuous use is reduced.

[0032] In summary, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0033] 1. By mechanical clamping and rolling contact, the lateral displacement of the drill pipe is actively inhibited, and the vibration caused by the cantilever effect is reduced; the roller reduces the friction resistance between the drill pipe and the device, and avoids the surface damage of the drill pipe caused by the traditional fixed clamping; by the lateral restraint, the swing caused by the excessive length and vibration of the drill pipe is reduced, the stability of the drilling machine is improved, and the damage to the drill pipe connection is reduced.

[0034] 2. The mechanical plug-in locking has high reliability, and avoids accidental displacement caused by vibration; the quick locking / unlocking function improves the adjustment efficiency of the device, and reduces the downtime.

[0035] 3. The high-pressure water flow can remove the hardened mud skin, improve the cleaning efficiency, meanwhile, the rock debris or mud entering the thread during disassembly is reduced, and the installation difficulty of subsequent continuous use is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the installation position of the reaming stabilizing device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2is the overall structural diagram of the reaming stabilizing device in the embodiment of the application;

[0038] Figure 3 is the cross-sectional view of the clamping jaw in the embodiment of the application;

[0039] Figure 4 is the display diagram of the driving member in the embodiment of the application;

[0040] Figure 5 is the display diagram of the high-pressure nozzle in the embodiment of the application.

[0041] Reference signs: 100, support ring; 110, through hole; 120, sliding groove; 200, clamping jaw; 210, sliding hole; 220, limiting groove; 300, arc-shaped abutting block; 400, roller; 500, driving assembly; 600, locking assembly; 610, locking block; 620, driving member; 621, first electromagnet; 622, second electromagnet; 710, elastic member; 720, sliding rod; 721, insertion slot; 730, limiting plate; 800, scraper; 900, high-pressure nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following Figures 1 to 5 The application is further described in detail.

[0043] The embodiment discloses a reaming stabilizing device for a reverse circulation drilling machine.

[0044] The reaming stabilizing device for the reverse circulation drilling machine provided in the embodiment effectively suppresses lateral vibration of a drill rod and reduces frictional damage through a multi-stage clamping and dynamic adjustment mechanism, and is suitable for complex working conditions such as deep well drilling.

[0045] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the reaming stabilizing device comprises a support ring 100, clamping jaws 200, arc-shaped abutting blocks 300, rollers 400 and a driving assembly 500. The support ring 100 is fixed on a ground platform of the reverse circulation drilling machine through bolts, and a through hole 110 is formed in the center of the support ring 100 for vertically passing through the drill rod. The clamping jaws 200 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the support ring 100 and slide on the support ring 100, and the sliding direction of the clamping jaws 200 is perpendicular to the axis of the drill rod. The front end of each clamping jaw 200 is provided with an arc-shaped abutting block 300, the inner wall surface of which matches the outer contour of the drill rod, and a plurality of rollers 400 are embedded on the inner wall. The driving assembly 500 is arranged on the support ring 100 and is used for driving the clamping jaws 200 to radially expand and contract.

[0046] The clamping jaw 200 can be a chuck structure, and the sliding of the clamping jaw 200 is realized through a bevel gear and a motor drive. In the embodiment, a hydraulic cylinder structure is adopted for the driving assembly 500. Three sliding grooves 120 are formed on the supporting ring 100, and sliding blocks are slidably connected in the sliding grooves 120. The clamping jaw 200 is fixedly connected with the sliding blocks, and the clamping jaw 200 is located at one end of the sliding block close to the middle of the through hole 110. The driving assembly 500 includes hydraulic cylinders. The cylinder bodies of the hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected to the supporting ring 100. The piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders are connected with the clamping jaw 200. The installation positions of the three hydraulic cylinders are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the supporting ring 100 and are located above the sliding grooves 120. The distances from the three hydraulic cylinders to the center of the through hole 110 are equal.

[0047] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the arc-shaped abutting block 300 is slidably connected with the clamping jaw 200, and a sliding hole 210 is formed on the clamping jaw 200. A sliding rod 720 is slidably connected in the sliding hole 210, and the sliding rod 720 is connected with the arc-shaped abutting block 300. A limiting groove 220 is formed in the sliding hole 210, and a limiting plate 730 is slidably connected in the limiting groove 220. The limiting plate 730 is connected with the sliding rod 720. An elastic member 710 is further installed in the limiting groove 220. The elastic member 710 is a spring. The spring is sleeved on the sliding rod 720. One end of the spring is connected with the limiting plate 730, and the other end is connected with the bottom wall of the limiting groove 220. The spring pushes the limiting plate 730 to be close to the drill rod in the through hole 110.

[0048] In order to lock and limit the arc-shaped abutting block 300, a locking assembly 600 is arranged on the clamping jaw 200. The locking assembly 600 includes a locking block 610 and a driving member 620. A sliding hole is formed in the sliding hole 210. The sliding hole is perpendicular to the sliding hole 210, and the locking block 610 slides in the sliding hole. An insertion slot 721 is formed at the end of the sliding rod 720. The end of the locking block 610 can be inserted into the insertion slot 721. The driving member 620 includes a first electromagnet 621 and a second electromagnet 622. The first electromagnet 621 is arranged at the bottom of the sliding hole. The second electromagnet 622 is arranged at the end of the locking block 610 away from the sliding rod 720. The first electromagnet 621 can be attracted or repelled with the second electromagnet 622 when electrified. When the first electromagnet 621 attracts the second electromagnet 622, the locking block 610 is pulled out of the insertion slot 721, so that the arc-shaped abutting block 300 can slide. When the first electromagnet 621 is reversely electrified, the locking block 610 is inserted into the insertion slot 721, so that mechanical locking is realized.

[0049] In order to facilitate the insertion of the locking block 610 into the insertion slot 721, a chamfer is formed on the side wall of the locking block 610 away from the drill rod, and the end away from the second electromagnet 622 is inclined toward the direction close to the drill rod.

[0050] Each arc-shaped abutting block 300 is formed with an arc-shaped abutting surface near the sidewall of the drill pipe, and the rollers 400 are rotationally arranged on the arc-shaped abutting surface, and multiple rollers 400 are arranged in a spiral line on the arc-shaped abutting surface, the helix angle a is 15°-30°, and the helix direction is consistent with the rotation direction of the drill pipe (usually clockwise). When the drill pipe is rotated and drilled, the rollers 400 are driven to rotate around their own axes by the friction force, and the helical arrangement generates an upward axial force F, which promotes the rock debris attached to the surface of the drill pipe to be discharged upward along the helical trajectory. At the same time, the surface of the roller 400 is coated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant layer (thickness 2-3mm, hardness ≥HRA90), which significantly improves the wear resistance.

[0051] The upper surface of the supporting ring 100 is integrated with a vibration sensor (model PCB 352C33) and an inclination sensor (model SICK DFS60), which are used to collect the vibration frequency and inclination data of the drill pipe in real time. The sensor data is transmitted to the controller (PLC model Siemens S7-1200) through a cable, and the controller has a built-in PID algorithm module to dynamically adjust the output pressure of the driving assembly 500 according to the preset threshold value. For example, when the vibration frequency is detected to be greater than 150Hz, the controller increases the hydraulic cylinder pressure to increase the clamping force of the clamping jaw 200; when the inclination of the drill pipe is greater than 0.5°, the controller triggers an alarm and automatically adjusts the displacement of the clamping jaw 200 in the corresponding direction to correct the posture of the drill pipe; the controller also stores a control program for determining whether to start the hydraulic cylinder according to the vibration frequency and the inclination of the drill pipe, and the hydraulic cylinder can not be started to bind the drill pipe when the vibration frequency is small and / or the inclination of the drill pipe is small. The controller is electrically connected with the hydraulic cylinder for real-time control.

[0052] The lower end surface of the supporting ring 100 is also provided with an image collector for collecting images of the drill pipe connection and the outer surface of the drill pipe for recording; the image collector is connected with a processor, the processor is used to process image data, the processor is electrically connected with the controller for transmitting image data to the controller, and the first electromagnet 621 and the second electromagnet 622 are electrically connected with the controller; after the drill pipe connection appears in the image, the controller controls the first electromagnet 621 and the second electromagnet 622 to be adsorbed, so that the locking block 610 is pulled out of the slot 721.

[0053] As Figure 5As shown, the lower end surface of the support ring 100 is provided with a wiper 800 made of polyurethane material, the inner edge of the wiper 800 keeps a gap of 1-2mm with the surface of the drill pipe, which is used to wipe off the mud attached to the drill pipe when it rises. The high-pressure nozzle 900 is arranged behind the wiper 800, the nozzle is connected with the controller through the electromagnetic valve, and the nozzle is externally connected with the water source and the water pump. When the threaded joint of the drill pipe passes through the nozzle, the vibration sensor identifies the joint characteristic frequency (usually a low-frequency pulse signal), the controller starts the electromagnetic valve and the water pump to flush the accumulated dirt at the joint thread with 20MPa high-pressure water flow, the duration is 3-5 seconds, which ensures the cleanliness of the thread.

[0054] The implementation principle of the reaming stabilizing device for the uphole drilling machine is that after the drill pipe is arranged in the support ring 100, the driving assembly 500 pushes the clamping jaw 200 to contract radially, so that the roller 400 tightly abuts against the surface of the drill pipe. When the drill pipe rotates, the roller 400 rotates with the drill pipe and suppresses the lateral vibration, and at the same time, the wiper 800 continuously cleans the surface of the pipe body. When the drill pipe joint passes through, the high-pressure nozzle 900 is directed to flush the thread; if the sensor detects abnormal vibration or deflection, the controller adjusts the clamping force in real time until the parameters return to the normal range. For the connection of the drill pipe, the locking assembly 600 is unlocked, and the clamping position is adjusted by using the self-adaptive function of the spring to complete the adaptation.

[0055] The above are the preferred embodiments of the present application, which do not limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore: any equivalent changes made on the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A reaming stabilizer for a reverse circulation drilling machine, characterised in that: The utility model relates to a supporting ring (100) is set up on the ground platform of anti-well drilling machine, is formed with the through -hole (110) that passes through for drill rod, Clamping jaw (200) is set up multiple and all slip on the supporting ring (100) along the radial direction of the supporting ring (100), Arc abutment block (300) is set up on the clamping jaw (200), and the inner side can be in abutment with the drill rod and is adapted to the outer side wall of the drill rod, Roller (400) is set up multiple and all rotates and is set up on the inner wall of arc abutment block (300), and is in abutment with the drill rod and occurs relative displacement, Driving assembly (500) is set up on the supporting ring (100) and is connected with the clamping jaw (200), for driving the clamping jaw (200) to slip. Multiple roller (400) is spirally arranged in the direction away from the ground, and is consistent with the rotating direction of the drill rod.

2. A reaming stabilising device for a cross-hole drilling machine according to claim 1, characterised in that: The arc abutment block (300) slips on the clamping jaw (200), and the clamping jaw (200) is provided with a locking assembly (600), which is used for connecting the arc abutment block (300) and the clamping jaw (200); The clamping jaw (200) is provided with an elastic member (710), which is connected with the clamping jaw (200), for driving the clamping jaw (200) to approach the drill rod.

3. A reaming stabilising device for a reverse circulation drilling rig according to claim 2, characterised in that: The locking assembly (600) includes a locking block (610) and a driving member (620), the locking block (610) slides on the clamping jaw (200), the arc abutment block (300) is provided with a slot (721), and the locking block (610) is inserted into the slot (721); The driving member (620) is arranged on the clamping jaw (200), and the driving member (620) is connected with the locking block (610), for driving the locking block (610) to slide.

4. A reaming stabilising device for a reverse circulation drilling rig according to claim 3, characterised in that: The driving member (620) includes a first electromagnet (621) and a second electromagnet (622), the first electromagnet (621) is arranged on the clamping jaw (200), the second electromagnet (622) is arranged on the locking block (610), and the first electromagnet (621) and the second electromagnet (622) are attracted or repelled.

5. A reaming stabilising device for a reverse circulation drilling rig as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that: The surface of the roller (400) is coated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant layer.

6. The under-reaming stabilizing apparatus for a reverse circulation drilling rig of claim 1, wherein: The supporting ring (100) is integrated with a vibration sensor and an inclination sensor for real-time detection of the vibration frequency and the deflection angle of the drill rod, 7. A reaming stabilising device for a reverse circulation drilling rig according to claim 6, characterised in that: The driving assembly (500) is connected to a controller, and the controller dynamically adjusts the sliding speed and clamping force of the clamping jaw (200) according to the sensor data. The supporting ring (100) is provided with a scraper (800), which is in abutment with the drill rod, for reducing the dirt on the drill rod.

8. A reaming stabilising device for a reverse circulation drilling rig as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that: The supporting ring (100) is provided with a high-pressure nozzle (900), and the high-pressure nozzle (900) is electrically connected with the controller, when the drill rod connection passes through the high-pressure nozzle (900), the controller controls the high-pressure nozzle (900) to clean the drill rod.

9. The under-reaming stabilizing apparatus for a reverse circulation drill rig of claim 7, wherein: ​

Images