Waterproof hammer air valve with adjustable throttling and exhaust

Abstract

The utility model provides a waterproof hammer air valve with adjustable throttling exhaust, which comprises a valve body, a valve cover, a protective cylinder, a floating body and a throttling exhaust device, the floating body and the throttling exhaust device are positioned in the protective cylinder, and the throttling exhaust device comprises a throttling cylinder and a throttling plate positioned in the throttling cylinder. A sealing plate and a plug are additionally arranged in the throttling exhaust device, exhaust holes are formed in the sealing plate and a top plate of a throttling cylinder, and airflow is exhausted through an opening in the top plate of the throttling cylinder, a large exhaust hole, a second small exhaust hole and a first small exhaust hole. When the working condition changes and throttling gas displacement or pressure difference needs to be adjusted, the number of the plugs can be increased or decreased. According to the utility model, the function of adjusting the exhaust area on line can be realized, the throttling exhaust device does not need to be disassembled and assembled, the throttling exhaust device is used for throttling high-speed exhaust which is used for filling water into a pipeline or causing a cutoff water hammer, no influence is caused on high-speed suction and trace exhaust, a buffer air bag with a protection effect can be formed in the pipeline, and the safety of the pipeline is improved. The purposes of reducing the water hammer and protecting the pipeline safety are achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to valve technical field more specifically, it relates to a throttling exhaust adjustable waterproof hammer air valve. BACKGROUND

[0002] The waterproof hammer air valve has the functions of preventing pipeline from being filled with water too fast and water hammer from being closed. It increases the throttling exhaust device on the basis of the air valve to realize the waterproof hammer function. The throttling exhaust device has a throttling plate. The number of exhaust holes on the throttling plate is generally made in advance at the factory, but the field conditions are complex and changeable. It is necessary to increase or reduce the number or size of the throttling exhaust holes according to the working conditions to adjust the exhaust flow and exhaust pressure difference. The commonly used method in the prior art is to replace different throttling plates on site, which increases the manufacturing and after-sales costs.

[0003] Water hammer (water hammer caused by flow closure) refers to the phenomenon that when the pipeline is filled with water too fast or the pump is suddenly stopped, the local pressure drops sharply, forming a flow cavity, and when the water column at both ends of the cavity rapidly back-flows under the action of pressure wave reflection, the cavity is re-closed and the water hammer pressure is generated.

[0004] At present, there is also a kind of waterproof hammer air valve on the market, which can adjust the exhaust area of the throttling plate on site without replacing the throttling plate. This method needs to disassemble the throttling exhaust device, take out the throttling plate, reset the exhaust area of the throttling exhaust hole, and then reinstall it. For example, the utility model patent with application number 202120154127.4 and the name of a kind of adjustable buffer exhaust one-piece waterproof hammer air valve, the waterproof hammer valve piece one and the waterproof hammer valve piece two in it are a kind of throttling plate. This technical scheme is a kind of throttling plate that does not need to be replaced, only needs to adjust the size of the hole overlapped by the waterproof hammer valve piece one and the waterproof hammer valve piece two to adjust the exhaust area. This way of adjusting is also more troublesome and cannot realize online adjustment.

[0005] In the pipeline conveying system, when the pump conveying water flow passes through each place of the pipeline, air will gather to form a high pressure point and reduce the flow when the water flow reaches a high place. At this high point, when the flowing water approaches the peak, the water can stay on both sides of the peak, and the air trapped between the dead water and the water flow is compressed. When the pump fails unexpectedly, the water flow near the pump stops flowing after the pump is closed, the pressure drops instantly, forming a vacuum. In the worst case, this may even cause the pipeline to collapse. Therefore, an air valve is installed at the high point of the pipeline. The air valve is the breather of the pipeline and the safety guarantee device of the pipeline. It inhales air when the pressure in the pipeline is lower than atmospheric pressure, and it exhausts air when the pressure in the pipeline rises above atmospheric pressure. During the exhaust process, the valve can automatically close when the liquid in the pipeline fills the pipeline, and liquid is not allowed to leak into the atmosphere.

[0006] The high-pressure air valve is one kind of air valve, and has higher pressure grade, structural strength and sealing performance compared with common air valves. The existing technology also often uses an integrated composite air valve containing a float to provide buoyancy. Because the float has low pressure resistance and has welds itself, the valve cannot withstand high medium pressure and is not suitable for high-pressure working conditions. When the high-pressure air valve is in high-speed exhaust, a large amount of gas passes through the exhaust valve, and the gas passes through the ball barrel. Because the space between the float and the ball barrel is limited, a large amount of gas is rapidly generated in the ball barrel, which can carry the float and block the exhaust port, stop the exhaust, and cause blowing and blocking. For example, the patent application for a new type of pneumatic high-speed exhaust / air valve with the application number 201010545700.0 and the name of the invention is a composite air valve provided with a float to provide buoyancy. For example, the utility model patent for a kind of anti-spray water type high-speed exhaust valve with the application number 201520436416.8 and the name of the utility model has the functions of anti-cavitation and anti-spray water, but still has the above-mentioned problems. The utility model patent for a kind of barrel type high-pressure air valve with the application number 202022111969.X and the name of the utility model patent, the float of the patent does not use a float, and the float is divided into three parts. This structure leads to many leakage points and poor sealing performance. Utility model content

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is that the exhaust area of the throttle plate of the existing water hammer air valve cannot be adjusted online, the sealing performance is not good, the space between the float and the ball barrel is limited, the blowing and blocking phenomenon is easy to occur during high-speed exhaust, the strength of the float is low, and the existence of the weld leads to the problem that it is not suitable for high-pressure working conditions. A kind of water hammer air valve with adjustable throttle exhaust is provided, which can adjust the exhaust area of the throttle plate online, has good sealing performance, is suitable for high-pressure working conditions, and has the function of preventing blowing and blocking.

[0008] A kind of water hammer air valve with adjustable throttle exhaust, including valve body, valve cover and throttle exhaust device, the valve body is the structure of two ends opening, one end is communicated with pipeline as inlet, the other end is provided with valve cover as outlet, the valve cover is provided with exhaust passage;The throttle exhaust device includes throttle cylinder and throttle plate in the throttle cylinder;The throttle plate is suspended in the throttle cylinder by guide rod;The throttle cylinder is in the shape of two ends opening, the opening of the bottom end of the throttle cylinder is communicated with the exhaust passage, and the opening of the top plate of the throttle cylinder is used for exhaust;It also includes sealing plate and plug, the throttle plate is a non-porous structure;The sealing plate is located on the throttle cylinder, and a large exhaust hole is opened on the sealing plate, the diameter of the large exhaust hole is smaller than the diameter of the opening of the top plate of the throttle cylinder;The size of the throttle plate and the large exhaust hole is matched, and the throttle plate can block the large exhaust hole;A small exhaust hole one is opened around the large exhaust hole, and a small exhaust hole two is opened on the top plate of the throttle cylinder corresponding to the small exhaust hole one;The plug can pass through the small exhaust hole one to block the small exhaust hole two.

[0009] The utility model discloses a difference with prior art lies in, the throttle plate is not the hole, airflow does not pass through throttle plate, and the sealing plate and the plug are additionally arranged, and the exhaust hole is arranged on the top plate of sealing plate and throttle cylinder.

[0010] In the utility model, big and small exhaust holes are relative concepts in size, and refer to that the diameter of the big exhaust hole is larger than that of the small exhaust hole.

[0011] Further, a horizontal rod is fixed above the big exhaust hole of the sealing plate, and one end of the guide rod is fixed with the horizontal rod.

[0012] Further, the diameter of the first small exhaust hole is larger than that of the second small exhaust hole, so that the plug can easily pass through the first small exhaust hole on the sealing plate and the second small exhaust hole on the top plate of the throttle cylinder.

[0013] Further, the first small exhaust hole is a light hole, the second small exhaust hole is a threaded hole, and the plug is connected with the second small exhaust hole through a pipe thread.

[0014] Further, the utility model also includes a protection cylinder and a float in the protection cylinder, the protection cylinder is installed in the valve body and is fixedly connected with the valve body outlet by being pressed by the valve cover, the float is located in the protection cylinder, the float includes a lower float and an upper float arranged from bottom to top, a sealing seat is installed on the upper part of the lower float, an exhaust nozzle is installed on the lower part of the upper float and communicates with the exhaust passage of the valve cover, the sealing seat on the upper part of the lower float can seal the exhaust nozzle on the lower part of the upper float, an exhaust window is opened on the top end of the protection cylinder, a hole is opened on the bottom of the protection cylinder, one end of the upper float towards the valve cover is in contact with the valve cover, and the upper float does not block the window on the protection cylinder when the lower float and the upper float are located at the lowest position.

[0015] The utility model discloses the water hammer air valve of adjustable throttle exhaust, design the float is two parts, is the upper float and lower float respectively, compared with prior art three section float, reduced the leakage point, improved the sealing performance of air valve. And the improvement is carried out to the exhaust passage, and the high -speed exhaust device and trace exhaust device are integrated design as compact integration: valve body, casing, lower float, upper float and valve cover constitute high -speed exhaust device, when high -speed exhaust, lower float and upper float are located the lowest position, and air is entered through the valve body entrance, and then is passed through the annular channel between valve body and casing, and is passed through the window on the casing, and is discharged from the exhaust passage of valve cover through the exhaust hole of throttle exhaust device. Lower float, sealing seat, exhaust nozzle and upper float constitute trace exhaust device, when trace exhaust, the sealing seat of lower float and exhaust nozzle are separated, and air is entered into the casing, and is discharged from the exhaust passage of valve cover through the exhaust hole of throttle exhaust device. The utility model integrates trace exhaust structure in high -speed exhaust structure inside, and the structure is compact, and the function is perfect.

[0016] The exhaust nozzle is a device for discharging gas in a pipeline.

[0017] Further, the bottom surface of the upper float and the top surface of the lower float are both flat surfaces.

[0018] Further, the outer circumferential surface of the upper float has guide ribs arranged circumferentially on the upper float, and grooves are formed between every two guide ribs. In the prior art, due to the limited space between the floating ball and the ball cylinder, blowout blocking is likely to occur during high-speed exhaust. In the present application, guide ribs are arranged on the upper float, and grooves are formed between every two guide ribs, so that the upper float can not only guide its own movement, but also increase the gap between the upper float and the casing, thereby preventing blowout blocking.

[0019] Further, the upper float is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material. The use of this material not only has strong structural strength, but also has a very smooth sealing surface and never rusts. The upper float forms a seal with the valve cover and does not stick due to long-term sealing, so that the seal can be instantaneously separated when negative pressure occurs, and is suitable for high-pressure working conditions.

[0020] Further, the lower float is a hollow structure. The lower float has upward buoyancy.

[0021] Further, the casing is a hollow structure with a hemispherical bottom and a cylindrical body, and the lower float is also a hollow structure with a hemispherical bottom and a cylindrical body.

[0022] Further, the lower floating body comprises a body and a sealing block, the body is a hollow structure with a bottom half-spherical shape, a cylindrical shape for the rest part and an upward opening, the sealing block blocks the opening, and the sealing seat is installed on the sealing block. Such a structure facilitates the processing of the hollow structure of the lower floating body. The lower floating body is not a floating ball, and compared with the structure of the floating ball, the lower floating body has no welding seam and higher structural strength, and is suitable for high-pressure working conditions.

[0023] Further, sealing rings are arranged between the valve body and the valve cover and between the upper floating body and the valve cover.

[0024] Further, a protective cover is further installed on the sealing plate, and a protective net is further installed between the protective cover and the sealing plate, so that foreign matters are prevented from entering the valve body and affecting sealing. The protective cover, the protective net, the sealing plate, the throttling cylinder, the valve cover and the valve body are sequentially connected by using a screw rod.

[0025] Further, the upper floating body is provided with a mounting hole of the exhaust nozzle, and an end of the exhaust nozzle, which extends upward, is provided with a thread matched with the thread of the mounting hole; and the end of the exhaust nozzle, which extends upward, is further provided with a nut screwed with the end of the exhaust nozzle.

[0026] Further, the cross-sectional flow area between the valve body and the protective cylinder, the flow area of the window of the protective cylinder, the cross-sectional flow area of the exhaust passage of the valve cover and the exhaust area of the sealing plate and the throttling cylinder are not less than the cross-sectional flow area of the inlet of the valve body.

[0027] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The utility model discloses a waterproof hammer air valve with adjustable throttling exhaust, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The utility model adds a sealing plate and a plug, sets an exhaust hole on the top plate of the sealing plate and the throttling cylinder, and exhausts airflow through the opening on the top plate of the throttling cylinder, the large exhaust hole and the small exhaust hole two and the small exhaust hole one. When the working condition changes and the throttling exhaust amount or pressure difference needs to be adjusted, the number of plugs can be increased or reduced. The utility model can realize the function of adjusting the throttling exhaust area online, does not need to disassemble and assemble the throttling exhaust device, throttles the high-speed exhaust for filling water in a pipeline or causing a broken flow to heal water hammer, does not cause any influence on high-speed suction and trace exhaust, can form a buffer air bag in the pipeline, and achieves the purpose of reducing and eliminating water hammer to protect the safety of the pipeline.

[0030] 2. Two-section floating bodies are adopted, compared with the three-section floating bodies in the prior art, the structure is more compact, the leakage points are reduced, and the sealing performance of the air valve is improved.

[0031] 3. In high-speed exhaust, air enters through the valve body inlet, then through the annular channel between the valve body and the guide cylinder, through the window on the guide cylinder, and is discharged from the exhaust passage of the valve cover through the exhaust hole of the throttling exhaust device. When a small amount of exhaust gas is discharged, air enters the guide cylinder, is discharged from the exhaust nozzle, and is discharged from the exhaust passage of the valve cover through the exhaust hole of the throttling exhaust device. The utility model integrates the trace exhaust structure inside the high-speed inlet and exhaust structure, which is compact in structure and perfect in function.

[0032] 4. The upper floating body has guide ribs arranged circumferentially on the outer circumferential surface of the upper floating body, and grooves are formed between every two guide ribs. The guide ribs and the intermediate grooves designed on the outer cylinder of the upper floating body increase the gap between the upper floating body and the guide cylinder while ensuring the guiding function, thereby preventing the blowout phenomenon during high-speed exhaust.

[0033] 5. The lower floating body is not a floating ball, and compared with the floating ball structure, it does not have a weld seam and has higher structural strength, and is suitable for high-pressure working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] The drawings accompanying the specification of this application serve to provide a further understanding of the utility model, and the schematic embodiments of the utility model and the description thereof serve to explain the utility model, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the utility model. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 Structure schematic diagram of the water hammer air valve with adjustable throttling exhaust (initial state of the valve);

[0036] Figure 2 Structure schematic diagram of the water hammer air valve with adjustable throttling exhaust (high-speed exhaust throttling state);

[0037] Figure 3 Structure schematic diagram of the water hammer air valve with adjustable throttling exhaust (trace exhaust state)

[0038] Figure 4 Structure schematic diagram of the sealing plate with a horizontal rod fixed thereon;

[0039] Figure 5 Structure schematic diagram of the throttling cylinder top plate with the smallest exhaust hole area (small exhaust hole two has five plugs);

[0040] Figure 6 Structure schematic diagram of the throttling cylinder top plate with the largest exhaust hole area (small exhaust hole two has no plug);

[0041] Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the upper floating body;

[0042] Figure 8 Top view of the upper floating body.

[0043] The serial numbers are as follows: 1-valve body, 2-valve cover, 3-protective sleeve, 4-exhaust passage, 5-throttle cylinder, 5a-throttle cylinder top plate, 6-throttle plate, 7-guide rod, 8-sealing plate, 8a-large exhaust hole, 8b-small exhaust hole one, 9-plug, 10-small exhaust hole two, 11-crossbar, 12-lower float, 12a-body, 12b-sealing block, 13-sealing seat, 14-exhaust nozzle, 15-nut, 16-upper float, 16a-protrusion, 16b-guide rib, 17-protective net, 18-protective cover, 19-O-ring seal, 20-window, 21-screw. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a water hammer prevention air valve with adjustable throttling and exhaust includes a valve body 1, a valve cover 2, a protective sleeve 3, a float located in the protective sleeve 3, and a throttling and exhaust device. The valve body 1 has an open structure at both ends, with one end being an inlet connected to a pipeline and the other end being an outlet equipped with the valve cover 2. The valve cover 2 has an exhaust channel 4. The protective sleeve 3 is installed in the valve body 1 and is pressed down by the valve cover 2 and fixedly connected to the outlet of the valve body 1. The float is located in the protective sleeve 3. The throttling and exhaust device includes a throttling cylinder 5 and a throttling plate 6 located in the throttling cylinder 5. The throttling plate 6 is suspended in the throttling cylinder 5 by a guide rod 7. The throttling cylinder 5 has an open shape at both ends, with the bottom opening of the throttling cylinder 5 connected to the exhaust channel 4, and the opening of the top plate 5a of the throttling cylinder used for exhaust.

[0047] The throttle plate 6 will be blown up under a certain exhaust pressure difference. This pressure difference is very small, for example, about 5 kPa or slightly larger. The specific pressure difference needs to be determined according to design requirements and operating conditions. Because the pressure difference needs to be determined based on actual operating conditions, it is necessary to adjust the airflow area of ​​the throttle plate's exhaust orifice. As described in the background art, the existing adjustment methods have high manufacturing and after-sales costs and require disassembly and reassembly of the throttle cylinder and throttle plate. This application addresses the problems existing in the prior art by providing a throttle-adjustable water hammer air valve that can adjust the exhaust area of ​​the throttle-adjustable exhaust device online. Specifically, it improves the structure of the throttle cylinder top plate and the throttle plate, and adds a sealing plate 8 and a plug 9. When adjusting the exhaust area, the number of small exhaust orifices 10 blocked by the plug 9 can be increased or decreased. Details are as follows:

[0048] The adjustable water hammer air valve with throttling and exhaust also includes a sealing plate 8 and a plug 9. The throttling plate 6 has a non-porous structure. The sealing plate 8 is located on the throttling cylinder 5 and has a large exhaust hole 8a. The diameter of the large exhaust hole 8a is smaller than the diameter of the opening of the top plate 5a of the throttling cylinder. The size of the throttling plate 6 is adapted to the large exhaust hole 8a, and the throttling plate 6 can block the large exhaust hole 8a. Small exhaust holes 1-8b are opened around the large exhaust hole 8a, and small exhaust holes 2-10 are opened on the top plate 5a of the throttling cylinder at the position corresponding to the small exhaust holes 1-8b. The plug 9 can pass through the small exhaust holes 1-8b to block the small exhaust holes 2-10.

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown, a crossbar 11 is fixed above the large exhaust hole 8a of the sealing plate 8, and one end of the guide rod 7 is fixed to the crossbar 11.

[0050] The diameter of the first small vent hole 8b is larger than the diameter of the second small vent hole 10. This ensures that the plug 9 can easily pass through the first small vent hole 8b on the sealing plate 8 and connect with the second small vent hole 10 on the top plate 5a of the throttle cylinder.

[0051] The first small vent hole 8b is a smooth hole, the second small vent hole 10 is a threaded hole, and the plug 9 is connected to the second small vent hole 10 by a pipe thread.

[0052] When water hammer occurs, the air valve first releases a large amount of air. Since the pressure difference inside the valve is less than the design pressure difference, the air is discharged through the opening on the top plate 5a of the throttle cylinder, the large exhaust port 8a on the sealing plate 8, and the small exhaust ports 10 and 8b. Figure 1 As shown, the throttle plate 6 is in its lowest position and is not blown up. With the backflow of water, the gas pressure inside the pipe rises. When the pressure difference exceeds the design pressure difference, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the throttling plate 6 is blown up, closing the large vent hole 8a for buffered venting. At this time, the venting speed slows down, forming an air pocket inside the pipe to prevent excessively fast water flow and avoid water hammer impact. When operating conditions change and adjustments to the throttling venting volume or pressure differential are needed, the number of plugs 9 can be increased or decreased. Figure 5 As shown, the top plate 5a of the throttle cylinder has six small exhaust holes 10, five of which are blocked by plugs 9. Increasing the plugs 9 reduces the exhaust area, thus reducing the exhaust flow rate and increasing the pressure difference. Figure 6 As shown, the top plate 5a of the throttle cylinder has six small exhaust holes 10. Each small exhaust hole 10 is not blocked. Reducing the plug 9 increases the exhaust area, which in turn increases the exhaust flow and reduces the pressure difference.

[0053] Existing technology divides the throttle plate into two parts, adjusting the area of ​​the exhaust port by the overlap of the two parts. The throttle plate 6 in this application has a non-perforated structure, and it does not contact or close with the opening on the top plate 5a of the throttle cylinder. The exhaust port of this application comprises two parts: a large exhaust port 8a on the sealing plate 8 and a small exhaust port 10 on the top plate 5a of the throttle cylinder. When the throttle plate 6 is blown up by air pressure, it actually closes with the large exhaust port 8a on the sealing plate 8, allowing exhaust to proceed through the small exhaust port 10. The exhaust area is adjusted by varying the number of small exhaust ports 10 blocked by plugs. This application enables online adjustment of the exhaust area without disassembling the throttle exhaust device.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that Example 2 further improves the structure of the air valve's casing and float. This improves the air valve's sealing performance and structural strength, making it suitable for high-pressure conditions.

[0056] Valve body 1: The valve body 1 has an open structure at both ends. One end is the inlet, which is connected to the pipeline, and the other end is the outlet, which is equipped with a valve cover 2. Gas and water in the pipeline enter the valve body 1 through the inlet.

[0057] Valve cover 2: The valve cover 2 has an exhaust channel 4. The valve cover 2 is connected to the throttling device and communicates with the outside. A protective cover 18 is also installed on the sealing plate 8, and a protective net 17 is installed between the protective cover 18 and the sealing plate 8 to prevent foreign objects from entering the valve body 1 and affecting the seal. The protective cover, protective net, sealing plate, throttling cylinder, valve cover and valve body are connected in sequence using screws 21.

[0058] Protective sleeve 3: The protective sleeve 3 is installed in the valve body 1, pressed down by the valve cover 2, and fixedly connected to the outlet of the valve body 1. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the protective sleeve 3 has a hollow structure with a hemispherical bottom, a cylindrical shape for the rest, and an upward opening.

[0059] Float: The float is located within the protective casing 3; the float includes a lower float 12 and an upper float 16 arranged from bottom to top, with gaps between the lower float 12 and the upper float 16 and the protective casing 3, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the lower float 12 is also a hollow structure with a hemispherical bottom and a cylindrical remainder. The lower float 12 comprises a body 12a and a sealing block 12b. The body 12a is a hollow structure with a hemispherical bottom and a cylindrical remainder, and has an upward opening. The sealing block 12b blocks the opening of the body 12a, and the sealing seat 13 is mounted on the sealing block 12b. This structure facilitates the processing of the hollow structure of the lower float 12.

[0060] The bottom surface of the upper floating body 16 and the top surface of the lower floating body 12 are both flat. The top surface of the upper floating body 16 faces the valve cover 2, and the top surface has a protrusion 16a which can extend into the exhaust passage 4 of the valve cover 2. The upper floating body 16 has a cylindrical shape, and a part of the upper floating body 16 is the protrusion 16a, and the outer diameter of the protrusion 16a is smaller than the outer diameter of the cylindrical part. A sealing ring is arranged between the cylindrical top surface and the valve cover 2 to make the upper floating body 16 contact and seal with the valve cover 2.

[0061] The upper part of the lower floating body 12 is provided with a sealing seat 13, and the lower part of the upper floating body 16 is provided with an exhaust nozzle 14 which communicates with the exhaust passage 4 of the valve cover 2; the sealing seat 13 of the upper part of the lower floating body 12 can seal the exhaust nozzle 14 of the lower part of the upper floating body 16. The sealing seat 13 of the lower floating body 12 extrudes and seals the exhaust nozzle 14 of the upper floating body 16, and the top surface of the upper floating body 16 contacts and seals with the O-shaped sealing ring 19 arranged at the valve cover 2. At this time, the valve body 1 is closed, and air cannot enter or exit the valve body 1. In order to ensure sealing, O-shaped sealing rings 19 are arranged between the valve body 1 and the valve cover 2 and between the upper floating body 16 and the valve cover 2 to seal.

[0062] The top end of the guide tube 3 is provided with an exhaust window 20, and the bottom of the guide tube 3 is provided with a hole; when the lower floating body 12 and the upper floating body 16 are in the lowest position, the upper floating body 16 does not block the window 20 of the guide tube 3. This ensures that air can enter the exhaust passage 4 of the valve cover 2 from the window 20 during high-speed exhaust.

[0063] The upper floating body 16 is provided with a mounting hole of the exhaust nozzle 14, and the end of the exhaust nozzle 14 which extends upward has a thread which matches the thread of the mounting hole, and the end of the exhaust nozzle 14 which extends upward is further provided with a nut 15 which is screwed with the end of the exhaust nozzle 14.

[0064] The embodiment adopts two floating bodies, and compared with the three floating bodies in the prior art, the structure is more compact, the leakage points are reduced, and the sealing performance of the air valve is improved. During high-speed exhaust, air enters through the inlet of the valve body 1, then passes through the annular passage between the valve body 1 and the guide tube 3, and then passes through the window 20 of the guide tube 3 and is discharged from the exhaust passage 4 of the valve cover 2. During trace exhaust, air enters the guide tube 3 and is discharged from the exhaust passage 4 of the valve cover 2 through the exhaust nozzle 14. The trace exhaust structure is integrated in the high-speed exhaust structure in the embodiment, the structure is compact, and the function is perfect.

[0065] Embodiment 3

[0066] Embodiment 3 is different from embodiment 2 in that Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the outer circumferential surface of the upper floating body 16 has guide ribs 16b arranged circumferentially along the upper floating body 16, and grooves are formed between every two guide ribs 16b. Due to the structure of the guide ribs 16b and the grooves in the middle of the outer circumferential surface of the upper floating body 16, the gap between the upper floating body 16 and the casing 3 is increased while the guiding function is ensured, so that the blowout plugging phenomenon can be prevented during high-speed exhaust.

[0067] The working process is as follows:

[0068] 1. Initial state of the valve: the lower floating body 12 is located at the bottom of the casing 3, and the lower floating body 12 has a cavity in the middle, so that it has upward buoyancy. The sealing seat 13 at the upper part of the lower floating body 12 is in contact with the sealing surface of the exhaust nozzle 14 of the upper floating body 16, and the exhaust nozzle 14 is fixed and supported on the upper floating body 16 by the nut 15. The lower floating body 12 and the upper floating body 16 can move up and down in the casing 3 without obstruction under the action of vertical force, and the stroke is limited. The throttle plate 6 is located at the bottom of the guide rod 7 due to its own gravity, as shown. Figure 1

[0069] 2. Throttling state of high-speed exhaust: when the pipeline is filled with water and exhaust, high-speed gas flows into the valve body 1 through the inlet at the lower part of the valve body 1. Most of the gas flows into the upper part of the valve body 1 through the annular space between the valve body 1 and the casing 3, and then flows into the atmosphere through the window 20 of the casing 3, the exhaust passage 4 of the valve cover 2, the large exhaust hole 8a and the small exhaust holes two 10 and one 8b in the throttling device. A small part of the gas flow at the inlet of the valve body 1 enters the casing 3 through the hole at the bottom of the casing 3, and moves upward along the gap between the lower floating body 12 and the upper floating body 16 and the casing 3. Due to the structure of the guide ribs 16b and the grooves in the middle of the outer circumferential surface of the upper floating body 16, the gap between the upper floating body 16 and the casing 3 is increased while the guiding function is ensured, so that the blowout plugging phenomenon can be prevented during high-speed exhaust. At this time, the lower floating body 12 and the upper floating body 16 are both located at the lowest position.

[0070] 3. Closed sealing state of the valve: when the gas in the pipeline is basically exhausted, the water level rises into the valve body 1, and the water flows into the casing 3 through the window 20 to submerge the lower floating body 12 and the upper floating body 16. The lower floating body 12 and the upper floating body 16 (both the lower floating body 12 and the upper floating body 16 are lighter than water and can float in water) will float up. The upper floating body 16 is in contact with the valve cover 2 to form a seal of the high-speed inlet and exhaust port, and the sealing seat 13 is in contact with the sealing surface of the exhaust nozzle 14 to form a seal of the trace exhaust port. As the water pressure in the valve body 1 increases, the specific pressure of the sealing part increases, the valve is closed, and water and gas cannot be discharged through the valve. At this time, the throttle plate 6 is located at the bottom of the guide rod 7 due to its own gravity.

[0071] ​4. Minor Exhaust State: After the valve is closed, when gas is released in the pipeline, it will gradually accumulate in the valve body 1 of the air valve installed at a local high point in the pipeline. When the gas increases at the top of the valve body 1, on the one hand, the upper float 16 will remain in a sealed state with the valve cover 2, and on the other hand, the water level submerging the lower float 12 will drop, causing the lower float 12 to fall and open the seal at the sealing seat 13. Figure 3 As shown, the exhaust nozzle 14 begins to exhaust gas, which then flows through the exhaust channel in the middle of the valve cover 2 and the throttling exhaust device. When the exhaust nozzle 14 exhausts gas, the gas pressure accumulated there decreases, the water level rises, and the lower float 12, rising with the water level, seals the exhaust nozzle 14 again. This structure allows gas to be discharged through the exhaust nozzle 14, but water cannot. This micro-venting mechanism achieves intermittent venting, allowing gas to be released without water being drained.

[0072] 5. Negative Pressure Suction State. When negative pressure occurs in the pipeline due to pump stoppage, venting, or pipe burst, the water level drops, and the external air pressure is greater than the pipeline water pressure. The external air pressure acts on the upper float 16, causing the upper float 16 and lower float 12 to fall due to the drop in water level. The high-speed inlet and outlet ports open, allowing a large amount of outside air to be immediately drawn in to eliminate the pipeline vacuum. The upper float 16 is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material, with a very smooth sealing surface that will never rust. It forms a planar seal with the valve cover 2 and will not stick due to prolonged sealing. Therefore, it can reliably and promptly detach the seal when negative pressure occurs.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A water hammer prevention air valve with adjustable throttling exhaust, comprising a valve body, a valve cover and a throttling exhaust device, the valve body is open at both ends, one end is communicated with the pipeline as an inlet, the other end is provided with a valve cover as an outlet, an exhaust passage is opened on the valve cover; the throttling exhaust device comprises a throttling cylinder and a throttling plate located in the throttling cylinder; the throttling plate is suspended in the throttling cylinder through a guide rod; the throttling cylinder is open at both ends, the opening at the bottom end of the throttling cylinder is communicated with the exhaust passage, and the opening at the top plate of the throttling cylinder is used for exhaust; characterized in that, The sealing plate and the plug are further included, the throttle plate is a non-porous structure, the sealing plate is located on the throttle cylinder, a large exhaust hole is opened on the sealing plate, the diameter of the large exhaust hole is smaller than the diameter of the opening of the top plate of the throttle cylinder, the throttle plate is matched with the size of the large exhaust hole, and the throttle plate can block the large exhaust hole, a small exhaust hole one is opened around the large exhaust hole, a small exhaust hole two is opened on the top plate of the throttle cylinder and corresponds to the small exhaust hole one, and the plug can pass through the small exhaust hole one to block the small exhaust hole two.

2. The throttling exhaust adjustable water hammer air valve of claim 1, wherein, A crossbar is fixed above the large exhaust hole of the sealing plate, and one end of the guide rod is fixed with the crossbar.

3. The throttling exhaust adjustable water hammer air valve of claim 1, wherein, The diameter of the small exhaust hole one is greater than the diameter of the small exhaust hole two.

4. The throttling exhaust adjustable water hammer air valve of claim 1, wherein, The small exhaust hole one is a light hole, the small exhaust hole two is a threaded hole, and the plug is connected with the small exhaust hole two through a pipe thread.

5. The throttling exhaust adjustable water hammer air valve of claim 1, wherein, The valve body is a structure with two open ends, one end is communicated with the pipeline as an inlet, and the other end is provided with a valve cover as an outlet; the guard cylinder is installed in the valve body and is fixedly connected with the valve body at the outlet by being pressed by the valve cover; the float body is located in the guard cylinder; the float body comprises a lower float body and an upper float body arranged from bottom to top; the upper part of the lower float body is provided with a sealing seat, and the lower part of the upper float body is provided with an exhaust nozzle communicated with the exhaust passage of the valve cover; the sealing seat on the upper part of the lower float body can seal the exhaust nozzle on the lower part of the upper float body; the top end of the guard cylinder is provided with an exhaust window, and the bottom of the guard cylinder is provided with a hole; one end of the upper float body facing the valve cover is in contact with the valve cover; when the lower float body and the upper float body are located at the lowest position, the upper float body does not block the window on the guard cylinder.

6. The throttling exhaust adjustable water hammer air valve of claim 5, wherein, The outer circumferential surface of the upper float body is provided with guide ribs arranged in the circumferential direction of the upper float body, and grooves are formed between the guide ribs.

7. The throttling exhaust adjustable water hammer air valve of claim 5, wherein, Sealing rings are arranged between the valve body and the valve cover and between the upper float body and the valve cover.

8. The throttling exhaust adjustable water hammer air valve of claim 1, wherein, A protective cover is further arranged above the sealing plate, and a protective net is further arranged between the protective cover and the sealing plate to prevent foreign matters from entering the valve body and affecting sealing.

9. The throttling exhaust adjustable water hammer air valve of claim 5, wherein, The upper float body is provided with a mounting hole of the exhaust nozzle, and the end of the exhaust nozzle upwardly extending is provided with a thread matched with the thread of the mounting hole; the end of the exhaust nozzle upwardly extending is further provided with a nut screwed with the end of the exhaust nozzle.

10. The throttling exhaust adjustable water hammer air valve of claim 5, wherein, The cross-sectional flow area between the valve body and the guard cylinder, the flow area of the window on the guard cylinder, the cross-sectional flow area of the exhaust passage of the valve cover, and the area of the exhaust hole of the sealing plate and the throttle cylinder are not less than the cross-sectional flow area of the inlet of the valve body.

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