Shaping tool for special-shaped shaft forgings

Abstract

The utility model relates to a special-shaped shaft forge piece shaping tool in the technical field of special-shaped shaft forge piece production, which comprises an upper die, a lower die, a jacking assembly and a die assembly guide mechanism, an upper shaping cavity is arranged at the bottom of the upper die, a lower shaping cavity is arranged at the top of the lower die, and the upper shaping cavity and the lower shaping cavity form a shaping die cavity after die assembly; the jacking assembly comprises two longitudinal sliding blocks symmetrically arranged, the longitudinal sliding blocks are in longitudinal sliding connection along the bottom of the lower die, and the opposite end faces of the longitudinal sliding blocks are splayed inclined faces. Through the inclined plane linkage design of the longitudinal sliding block and the transverse sliding block and the synchronous driving mechanism of the four ejector rods, it is ensured that the upper die is evenly stressed in the demolding process, the problem that in the prior art, due to asynchronous jacking, the upper die deflects is thoroughly solved, and the forge piece shaping precision and the finished product percent of pass are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of production technology of irregular shaft forgings, and in particular to a shaping fixture for irregular shaft forgings. Background Technology

[0002] The crankshaft is a common type of irregularly shaped forged shaft. It bears the force transmitted from the connecting rod and converts it into torque, which is then output through the crankshaft to drive other components on the engine. The crankshaft is subjected to the combined effects of centrifugal force from the rotating mass, periodically changing gas inertial force, and reciprocating inertial force, resulting in bending and torsional loads. Therefore, the crankshaft requires sufficient strength and rigidity, and the journal surface must be wear-resistant, have uniform operation, and good balance. However, crankshaft forgings are prone to irregular bending deformations, such as changes in the phase angle ω of the connecting rod journal, axial straightness, and diameters of the front, main, and rear journals. Therefore, the forged crankshaft needs to be shaped.

[0003] The existing Chinese patent with publication number CN221434673U discloses a correction mold for crankshaft forgings. While this correction mold can overcome the limitations of the upper mold's fit with the workpiece and the fixed column's fit with the slot by lifting the upper mold with four front, rear, left, and right top mold components, thus achieving quick and convenient mold opening, the four top mold components are all independent structures. They cannot simultaneously lift the upper mold, which can easily lead to upper mold misalignment during mold opening, affecting workpiece quality, or deformation of a certain helical fit structure due to excessive stress.

[0004] To address this, we designed a forming fixture for irregularly shaped shaft forgings. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model discloses a forming fixture for irregular shaft forgings.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A forming fixture for irregularly shaped shaft forgings includes an upper die, a lower die, a lifting assembly, and a die-closing guide mechanism. The upper die has an upper forming cavity at its bottom, and the lower die has a lower forming cavity at its top. After die closing, the upper and lower forming cavities form a forming die cavity. The lifting assembly includes:

[0008] Two longitudinal sliding blocks are symmetrically arranged. The longitudinal sliding blocks are slidably connected along the bottom of the lower mold, and their opposite end faces are V-shaped inclined surfaces.

[0009] The transverse sliding block has two on each side located at both ends of the longitudinal sliding block and is laterally slidably connected to the bottom of the lower mold. The two transverse sliding blocks are connected by an elastic reset member. The top surface of the transverse sliding block is provided with an inclined surface.

[0010] There are four push rods, the lower end of which abuts against the top surface of the corresponding transverse sliding block, and the upper end passes through the sliding hole at the top of the lower mold.

[0011] The drive unit connects two longitudinal sliding blocks and is used to drive them to move in opposite directions or towards each other.

[0012] Furthermore, the drive unit is a bidirectional cylinder, with its two telescopic ends respectively vertically connected to the inner sidewalls of the two longitudinal sliding blocks.

[0013] Furthermore, the drive unit includes a positive and negative lead screw, a drive motor, and a rotating handle. The two ends of the positive and negative lead screw are respectively provided with threaded portions with opposite directions of rotation, and the threaded portions are threadedly connected to the longitudinal sliding block. One end of the positive and negative lead screw is connected to the drive motor, and the other end is provided with a rotating handle.

[0014] Furthermore, the mold closing guide mechanism includes a tapered positioning hole at the top of the lower mold, a cylindrical positioning hole at the bottom of the upper mold, and a guide post. The lower section of the guide post is a tapered section that matches the tapered positioning hole, and the upper section is a cylindrical section that matches the cylindrical positioning hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the tapered positioning hole and the sliding hole are coaxial composite holes, with the upper section being a tapered cavity and the lower section being a cylindrical cavity; the guide post disengages from the tapered cavity during the lifting process, driving the upper mold to rise vertically.

[0016] Furthermore, the elastic reset element is a tension spring, symmetrically arranged between two transverse sliding blocks on the same side, for resetting the transverse sliding blocks.

[0017] Furthermore, both the longitudinal sliding block and the transverse sliding block are slidably connected to the lower mold via linear guide rails.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] 1. Through the inclined surface linkage design of the longitudinal sliding block and the transverse sliding block, and the synchronous driving mechanism of the four ejector rods, it is ensured that the upper die is evenly stressed during the demolding process, which completely eliminates the problem of upper die skewing caused by asynchronous lifting in the existing technology, and significantly improves the forging forming accuracy and finished product qualification rate.

[0020] 2. The mold closing guide mechanism, through a composite design of conical and cylindrical positioning holes and a segmented structure of the guide pillars (conical and cylindrical sections), achieves vertical guidance during demolding and rapid separation (conical section and conical positioning hole). This design avoids the need to overcome the limitations of the fixed pillar and slot fit during demolding, as is present in existing technologies.

[0021] 3. Overall, through innovative synchronous lifting mechanism, precise guiding design and modular drive scheme, the quality of forging forming is improved while taking into account structural simplification, cost control and ease of operation. It effectively solves the problems of upper die skew and complex maintenance in existing technologies, and has significant technological progress and industrial application value. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is the right view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting assembly of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the lifting component of this utility model.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Upper mold; 11. Cylindrical positioning hole; 2. Lower mold; 21. Sliding hole; 22. Conical positioning hole; 3. Longitudinal sliding block; 4. Transverse sliding block; 5. Elastic reset component; 6. Ejector rod; 7. Drive unit; 71. Positive and negative lead screws; 72. Drive motor; 73. Rotating handle; 8. Guide post; 9. Linear guide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be explained in detail through the following embodiments. The purpose of disclosing the present invention is to protect all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right" indicate orientation or positional relationship, they are only corresponding to the drawings of this application for the convenience of describing the present invention. It should be understood that if terms such as "end", "side", "end portion", "side part", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc. indicate orientation or positional relationship, they are only corresponding to the length and width of the corresponding component. That is, "end" indicates the head and tail area in the length direction of the corresponding component, and "side part" indicates the head and tail area in the width direction of the corresponding component. They are used for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation.

[0028] Example 1, in conjunction with Appendix Figure 1-3 A forming fixture for irregularly shaped shaft forgings, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a forming fixture for irregularly shaped shaft forgings, which is particularly suitable for forming irregularly shaped shaft forgings such as crankshafts. The fixture includes an upper die 1, a lower die 2, a lifting assembly, and a die closing guide mechanism.

[0029] The upper mold 1 has an upper shaping cavity at its bottom, and the lower mold 2 has a lower shaping cavity at its top. After the molds are closed, they form a shaping mold cavity. A lifting assembly is installed at the bottom of the lower mold 2 to lift the upper mold 1 for demolding. A mold closing guide mechanism ensures precise alignment between the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2.

[0030] The lifting assembly includes the following components:

[0031] Longitudinal sliding block 3: Two symmetrically arranged longitudinal sliding blocks 3 are longitudinally slidably connected to the bottom of the lower mold 2 via a longitudinally arranged linear guide rail 9. The opposite end faces of the two longitudinal sliding blocks 3 form a V-shaped inclined surface, creating an inclined surface driving structure.

[0032] Horizontal sliding block 4: There is one horizontal sliding block 4 at each end of the longitudinal sliding block 3 on each side, for a total of four. The horizontal sliding blocks 4 are laterally slidably connected to the bottom of the lower mold 2 through the laterally arranged linear guide rail 9, and the two horizontal sliding blocks 4 on the same side are connected by a tension spring (elastic reset member 5). The top surface of the horizontal sliding block 4 is inclined. The inner surface of the horizontal sliding block is also inclined, which matches the inclined surface of the longitudinal sliding block 3.

[0033] Ejector pins 6: The lower ends of the four ejector pins 6 abut against the top surfaces of the corresponding transverse sliding blocks 4, and the upper ends pass through the sliding holes 21 at the top of the lower mold 2.

[0034] As needed, the diameter of the sliding hole 21 is slightly larger than the diameter of the push rod 6, allowing the push rod 6 to move freely in the vertical direction while limiting horizontal offset.

[0035] Drive unit 7: In this embodiment, a bidirectional cylinder is used as the drive unit 7, with its two telescopic ends vertically connected to the inner sidewalls of the two longitudinal sliding blocks 3. When the bidirectional cylinder extends or retracts, it drives the two longitudinal sliding blocks 3 to move in opposite directions or towards each other.

[0036] When demolding is required, the bidirectional cylinder of the drive unit 7 extends, pushing the two longitudinal sliding blocks 3 to move in opposite directions. Because the V-shaped inclined surface of the longitudinal sliding block 3 contacts the inclined surface of the transverse sliding block 4, the transverse sliding block 4 moves laterally outward under the action of the inclined surface, stretching the tension spring 5. The movement of the transverse sliding block 4 pushes the ejector rod 6 to rise vertically along the sliding hole 21, thereby synchronously lifting the upper mold 1, separating the upper mold 1 from the shaped forging. After demolding is completed, the drive unit 7 resets, the longitudinal sliding blocks 3 move in opposite directions, the transverse sliding block 4 resets under the elastic force of the tension spring 5, the ejector rod 6 descends, and the upper mold 1 closes again.

[0037] The mold closing guide mechanism includes:

[0038] The tapered positioning hole 22 at the top of the lower mold 2 is a coaxial composite hole of the upper tapered cavity and the lower cylindrical cavity;

[0039] The cylindrical positioning hole 11 at the bottom of the upper mold 1 is a blind hole with an open lower end;

[0040] The guide post 8 has a lower section that matches the tapered positioning hole 22 and an upper section that matches the cylindrical positioning hole 11.

[0041] During mold closing, the tapered section of the guide pillar 8 is first inserted into the tapered positioning hole 22, and then the mold is closed to ensure the initial alignment of the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2. During the lifting process, the cylindrical section of the guide pillar 8 always engages with the cylindrical positioning hole 11 to prevent the upper mold 1 from tilting. During demolding, the ejector pin 6 lifts the guide pillar 8, causing its tapered section to disengage from the tapered positioning hole 22, and the upper mold 1 rises vertically to complete demolding. In this way, the guide pillar 8 does not affect the demolding difficulty.

[0042] Example 2, as Figure 4 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 lies in the structure of the drive unit 7. The drive unit 7 adopts a combination of a positive and negative lead screw 71, a drive motor 72, and a rotating handle 73; that is, one end of the positive and negative lead screw 71 is equipped with a drive motor 72, and the other end is equipped with a rotating handle 7. The threaded portions at both ends of the positive and negative lead screw 71 pass through and are threadedly connected to two longitudinal sliding blocks 3. When the drive motor 72 or the rotating handle 73 drives the positive and negative lead screw 71 to rotate, the two longitudinal sliding blocks 3 move in opposite directions, achieving the same lifting effect as in Embodiment 1.

[0043] The parts of this utility model not described in detail are prior art. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that this utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that this utility model can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the above embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Therefore, it is intended to include all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the claims in this utility model, and no reference numerals in the claims should be regarded as limiting the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A profiled shaft forging shaping tooling, comprising an upper die (1), a lower die (2), a jacking assembly and a die closing guide mechanism, the bottom of the upper die (1) is provided with an upper shaping cavity, the top of the lower die (2) is provided with a lower shaping cavity, and the upper shaping cavity and the lower shaping cavity form a shaping die cavity after the die closing; characterized in that: The jacking assembly comprises: two longitudinal sliding blocks (3) symmetrically arranged, which are connected to the bottom of the lower die (2) in longitudinal sliding mode, and whose opposite end faces are in the shape of an eight-shaped slope; two lateral sliding blocks (4) on each side, which are respectively arranged at the two ends of the longitudinal sliding blocks (3) and are connected to the bottom of the lower die (2) in lateral sliding mode, and which are connected by elastic return members (5) between the two lateral sliding blocks (4); the top surface of the lateral sliding block (4) is provided with a slope; four jacking rods (6) whose lower end surfaces are respectively abutted against the top surfaces of the corresponding lateral sliding blocks (4) and whose upper ends are arranged in the sliding holes (21) in the top of the lower die (2); a driving unit (7) connected to the two longitudinal sliding blocks (3) for driving the opposite or opposite movement of the two longitudinal sliding blocks (3).

2. The profiled shaft forging sizing tooling according to claim 1, wherein: The driving unit (7) is a bidirectional air cylinder, and the two telescopic ends are respectively connected to the inner side walls of the two longitudinal sliding blocks (3) in vertical mode.

3. The profiled shaft forging sizing tooling of claim 1, wherein: The driving unit (7) comprises a reversible screw rod (71), a driving motor (72) and a rotating handle (73), the reversible screw rod (71) is provided with thread parts with opposite rotation directions at its two ends, the thread parts are threadedly connected with the longitudinal sliding blocks (3), one end of the reversible screw rod (71) is connected with the driving motor (72), and the other end is provided with the rotating handle (73).

4. The profiled shaft forging sizing tooling of claim 1, wherein: The mold closing guide mechanism comprises a conical positioning hole (22) arranged in the top of the lower die (2), a cylindrical positioning hole (11) arranged in the bottom of the upper die (1) and a guide column (8), the lower section of the guide column (8) is a conical section matched with the conical positioning hole (22), and the upper section is a cylindrical section matched with the cylindrical positioning hole (11).

5. The profiled shaft forging sizing tooling of claim 4, wherein: The conical positioning hole (22) and the sliding hole (21) are coaxial composite holes, the upper section is a conical cavity, and the lower section is a cylindrical cavity; the guide column (8) is separated from the conical cavity during the jacking process, and drives the upper die (1) to vertically rise.

6. The profiled shaft class forging sizing tooling of claim 1, wherein: The elastic return member (5) is a tension spring, which is symmetrically arranged between the two lateral sliding blocks (4) on the same side and is used for resetting the lateral sliding blocks (4).

7. The profiled shaft class forging sizing tooling of claim 1, wherein: The longitudinal sliding blocks (3) and the lateral sliding blocks (4) are slidably connected with the lower die (2) through linear guide rails (9).

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