Top combustion type hot blast stove capable of stabilizing flame combustion

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of iron and steel smelting blast furnaces, in particular to a top combustion type hot blast stove capable of stabilizing flame combustion, which comprises a stove body, and the stove body comprises a heat storage section and a combustion section. The mixed air inlet section is arranged at the top of the heat storage section in a sleeving manner; the combustor is arranged on the inner wall of the combustion chamber; the temperature measuring assembly is positioned above the combustor; the heat storage lattice bricks are arranged in the heat storage chamber; the flame heat gathering assembly is arranged at the top of the heat storage lattice brick, the flame heat gathering assembly is located in the combustion chamber, the flame heat gathering assembly comprises a flow guide shell and a heat gathering lattice brick, the heat gathering lattice brick is arranged in the flow guide shell in a filling mode, and a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the outer wall of the flow guide shell. By stabilizing the flame combustion direction, it is ensured that the center flame is close to a flame temperature detection point, the vault temperature is accurately measured, and the safety of the hot-blast stove is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of blast furnace technology in iron and steel smelting, and in particular to a top-fired hot blast stove with stable flame combustion. Background Technology

[0002] Top-fired hot blast stoves are a type of hot blast stove, named for their combustion chamber located at the top. Top-fired hot blast stoves have a large heat storage area, strong structural stability, high thermal efficiency, and high stability of refractory materials, making them the main direction for the development of hot blast stoves for large blast furnaces.

[0003] The working cycle of a hot blast stove includes a combustion period and a blast period. During the combustion period, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of coal gas and air is used to heat the checker bricks in the heat storage chamber, so that the checker bricks can store heat. Then the furnace is switched to the blast period, where the checker bricks are used to heat the cold air, which is then sent to the blast furnace for use through the hot blast pipe.

[0004] When existing top-fired hot blast stoves are in combustion mode, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the curves with arrows indicate the direction of flame jetting. The flame is easily attracted by the negative pressure of 1 kPa to 10 kPa inside the furnace, which changes the normal upward jetting direction of the flame. This causes the central flame to fail to reach the temperature detection position of the hot blast stove dome, resulting in the temperature reading of the dome being lower than that of the central flame. At this time, the user will wait for the temperature reading of the dome to reach the limit value of the dome temperature. The central flame attracted by the negative pressure will continue to heat the heat storage refractory material at the same elevation as the combustion port, making the temperature of the heat storage refractory material at this point higher than the maximum temperature reading of the dome. When the hot blast stove is in the air supply state, the cold air passes through the heat storage refractory material that has been continuously heated by the central flame and is heated to a temperature greater than the maximum temperature of the dome. This can cause the collapse of the heat insulation refractory material of the dome, the temperature of the furnace shell to exceed the limit, and even lead to a serious accident where the furnace shell is blown away. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides a top-fired hot blast stove with stable flame combustion. By stabilizing the flame combustion direction, it ensures that the center flame is close to the flame temperature detection point, thereby achieving accurate measurement of the dome temperature under combustion and air supply conditions and improving the safety of the hot blast stove.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a top-fired hot blast stove with stable flame combustion, characterized in that it comprises:

[0007] The furnace body includes a heat storage section, a mixing and air intake section, and a combustion section. The mixing and air intake section is fitted on top of the heat storage section. The combustion section is sealed and fixedly installed on top of the heat storage section and the mixing and air intake section. The heat storage section includes a wind chamber and a heat storage chamber from bottom to top. A combustion chamber is provided inside the combustion section. The wind chamber, the heat storage chamber, and the combustion chamber are interconnected. A flue gas inlet and a cold air inlet are opened at the bottom of the heat storage section. The flue gas inlet and the cold air inlet are both connected to the wind chamber. The combustion chamber is arched. A hot air outlet is opened on the side wall of the combustion section. The hot air outlet is connected to the combustion chamber and is close to the heat storage chamber.

[0008] A mixing intake section is located below the hot air outlet. A mixing air passage leading to the combustion chamber is opened in the mixing intake section. An air inlet and a gas inlet are opened on the side wall of the mixing intake section. The air inlet is located above the gas inlet. Both the air inlet and the gas inlet are connected to the mixing air passage.

[0009] A burner is disposed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber and is located above the outlet end of the mixing duct.

[0010] A temperature measuring component is disposed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber and is located above the burner;

[0011] A heat storage checker brick is disposed in the heat storage chamber, and there is a gap between the heat storage checker brick and the inner wall of the heat storage chamber;

[0012] A flame heat-gathering assembly is disposed on top of the heat-storing grid brick and located in the combustion chamber. The flame heat-gathering assembly includes a flow-guiding shell and a heat-gathering grid brick. The heat-gathering grid brick is filled in the flow-guiding shell. The outer wall of the flow-guiding shell is provided with multiple ventilation holes. The height of the flow-guiding shell is greater than the height of the temperature measuring assembly. The flow-guiding shell is semi-circular.

[0013] Furthermore, the furnace body is provided with a heat insulation layer.

[0014] Furthermore, there is a gap between the heat-gathering grid brick and the inner wall of the flow-guiding shell.

[0015] Furthermore, an auxiliary fixing ring is provided at the bottom of the air guide housing, and multiple positioning protrusions are provided at the bottom of the auxiliary fixing ring. Multiple auxiliary air guide holes are opened on the auxiliary fixing ring, and multiple positioning holes are opened at the top of the mixing air intake section near the combustion chamber. The positioning protrusions cooperate with the positioning holes.

[0016] Furthermore, the auxiliary drainage hole connects the gap between the heat storage checker brick and the inner wall of the heat storage chamber.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the top-fired hot blast stove with stable flame combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention reduces the influence of negative pressure in the heat storage chamber on the flame by setting a flame heat-concentrating component in the combustion chamber, thereby changing the flame direction during combustion. This allows the central flame of the flame to directly act on the temperature measuring component, ensuring the accuracy of the temperature measured by the temperature measuring component. At the same time, it ensures that the temperature value in the combustion chamber is relatively fixed, avoiding a large temperature difference between the hot air supplied from the heat storage chamber and the temperature in the combustion chamber when the hot blast stove enters the air supply period. This further extends the service life of the combustion section dome and improves the safety of the operation site. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a top-fired hot blast stove in the prior art;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a single unit structure of a top-fired hot blast stove with stable flame combustion according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the guide shell in a top-fired hot blast stove with stable flame combustion according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure label:

[0023] 1000. Furnace body; 1100. Regenerator section; 1110. Air chamber; 1120. Regenerator chamber; 1111. Flue gas inlet; 1112. Cold air inlet; 1200. Combustion section; 1210. Combustion chamber; 1211. Hot air outlet; 1400. Insulation layer;

[0024] 2000. Mixing intake section; 2100. Mixing duct; 2200. Air inlet; 2300. Gas inlet; 2400. Positioning hole;

[0025] 3000. Burner;

[0026] 4000. Temperature sensing component;

[0027] 5000. Thermal storage checker bricks;

[0028] 6100. Flow guide shell; 6110. Ventilation hole; 6120. Auxiliary fixing ring; 6121. Auxiliary drainage hole; 6122. Positioning protrusion; 6200. Heat-concentrating checker brick. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To provide a better understanding of the purpose, structure, features, and functions of this utility model, detailed descriptions are provided below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0030] like Figure 2-4 As shown, a top-fired hot blast stove with stable flame combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0031] Furnace body 1000, burner 3000, temperature measuring component 4000, heat storage checker brick 5000 and flame heat gathering component;

[0032] The furnace body 1000 includes a heat storage section 1100, a mixing and air intake section 2000, and a combustion section 1200. The mixing and air intake section 2000 is disposed on top of the heat storage section 1100. The combustion section 1200 is sealed and fixedly disposed on top of the heat storage section 1100 and the mixing and air intake section 2000. The heat storage section 1100 includes, from bottom to top, a wind chamber 1110 and a heat storage chamber 1120. The combustion section 1200 contains a combustion chamber 1210. 110. The heat storage chamber 1120 and the combustion chamber 1210 are interconnected. The bottom of the heat storage section 1100 is provided with a flue gas outlet 1111 and a cold air outlet 1112. Both the flue gas outlet 1111 and the cold air outlet 1112 are connected to the air chamber 1110. The combustion chamber 1210 is arched. The side wall of the combustion section 1200 is provided with a hot air outlet 1211. The hot air outlet 1211 is connected to the combustion chamber 1210 and is close to the heat storage chamber 1110.

[0033] The mixing intake section 2000 is located below the hot air outlet 1211. A mixing duct 2100 leading to the combustion chamber 1210 is opened in the mixing intake section 2000. An air inlet 2200 and a gas inlet 2300 are opened on the side wall of the mixing intake section 2000. The air inlet 2200 is located above the gas inlet 2300. Both the air inlet 2200 and the gas inlet 2300 are connected to the mixing duct 2100.

[0034] The burner 3000 is installed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber 1210, and the burner 3000 is located above the gas outlet of the mixing passage 2100;

[0035] The temperature measuring component 4000 is installed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber 1210, and the temperature measuring component 4000 is located above the burner 3000;

[0036] The heat storage checker brick 5000 is installed inside the heat storage chamber 1120, and there is a gap between the heat storage checker brick 5000 and the inner wall of the heat storage chamber 1120;

[0037] The flame heat-gathering component is set on top of the heat storage checker brick 5000 and is located inside the combustion chamber 1210. The flame heat-gathering component includes a flow guide shell 6100 and a heat-gathering checker brick 6200. The heat-gathering checker brick 6200 is filled inside the flow guide shell 6100. Multiple ventilation holes 6110 are provided on the outer wall of the flow guide shell 6100. The height of the flow guide shell 6100 is greater than the height of the temperature measuring component 4000. The flow guide shell 6100 is semi-circular.

[0038] When preparing for production using the top-fired hot blast stove with stable flame combustion of this invention, the user first turns on the hot blast stove to combustion mode. Simultaneously, the user opens the air inlet 2200 and the gas inlet 2300 of the mixing inlet section 2000, allowing gas and air to enter the mixing channel 2100. Because the gas inlet 2300 is located below the air inlet 2200, the gas and air mix after entering the mixing channel 2100, and then are discharged from the outlet of the mixing channel 2100 into the combustion chamber 1210. At this time, the user turns on the burner 3000, which ignites the mixed combustion gas discharged from the outlet of the mixing channel 2100. The flame burns vertically upwards, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion flows towards the regenerator 1200 through the ventilation holes 6110 of the guide shell 6100. Figure 2 The curve with the arrow indicates the direction of flame injection. At this point, the high-temperature flue gas first heats the heat-collecting checker bricks 6200 inside the guide shell 6100, then heats the heat-storing checker bricks 5000 inside the heat storage chamber 1120, and finally exits into the chimney through the flue gas outlet 1111 of the air chamber 1110. Meanwhile, the flowing high-temperature flue gas continues to heat the heat-storing checker bricks 5000 inside the heat storage chamber 1120. Simultaneously, due to the temperature difference between the outside air and the temperature inside the heat storage chamber 1120, a negative pressure airflow is generated inside the heat storage chamber 1120 towards the air chamber 1110. This negative pressure airflow attracts the vertically upward flame inside the combustion chamber 1210. At this time, the guide shell 6100 will block part of the negative pressure airflow. The negative pressure airflow prevents the flame from tilting excessively towards the heat storage chamber 1120. However, a small amount of negative pressure airflow will attract the flame through the ventilation holes 6110 on the guide housing 6100, causing the flame combustion direction to tilt towards the outer wall of the guide housing 6100. At this time, the center flame of the flame is still close to the temperature measuring component 4000, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the temperature measurement value. Meanwhile, the heat-gathering grid bricks 6200 inside the guide housing 6100 will continue to be baked by the high-temperature flue gas. Therefore, the temperature inside the combustion chamber 1210 is not affected by the negative pressure airflow, thereby ensuring the temperature inside the combustion chamber 1210 is balanced and preventing the temperature at the top of the combustion chamber 1210 from being lower than the temperature near the heat storage chamber 1120.

[0039] When the temperature measuring component 4000 detects that the temperature inside the hot blast furnace has reached the specified temperature, the user closes the flue gas outlet 1111 and the gas inlet 2300 and air inlet 2200 of the mixing air inlet section 2000, and then opens the cold air outlet 1112. The cold air enters the air chamber 1110 through the cold air outlet 1112, and then enters the heat storage chamber 1120 from the air chamber 1110. At this time, the cold air exchanges heat with the high-temperature heat storage checker bricks 5000 in the heat storage chamber 1120, thereby heating the cold air. Then, it enters the combustion chamber 1210 through the ventilation hole 6110 on the guide shell 6100, and finally exits into the converter through the hot air outlet 1211, thus completing the preparatory work for the converter.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the furnace body 1000 is provided with a heat insulation layer 1400. By providing the heat insulation layer 1400 inside the furnace body 1000, the temperature of the flue gas is prevented from escaping through the tube wall of the furnace body 1000, and the heat insulation layer 1400 is used to block the temperature loss and avoid energy waste.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, there is a gap between the heat-concentrating checker brick 6200 and the inner wall of the guide shell 6100. This facilitates the entry of flue gas into the guide shell 6100, where it continuously bakes the heat-concentrating checker brick 6200. Simultaneously, during the hot air supply period, this prevents most of the hot air from the regenerator 1120 from directly contacting the dome of the combustion chamber 1210. The hot air exchanged within the regenerator 1120 must enter the combustion chamber 1210 through the ventilation holes 6110 on the guide shell 6100, thus avoiding large temperature fluctuations at the dome of the combustion chamber 1210.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, an auxiliary fixing ring 6120 is provided at the bottom of the flow guide shell 6100. Multiple positioning protrusions 6122 are provided at the bottom of the auxiliary fixing ring 6120, and multiple auxiliary drainage holes 6121 are opened on the auxiliary fixing ring 6120. Multiple positioning holes 2400 are opened at the top of the mixing intake section 2000 near the combustion chamber 1210. The positioning protrusions 6122 cooperate with the positioning holes 2400. The cooperation between the positioning holes 2400 and the positioning protrusions 6122 makes the flow guide shell 6100 more securely positioned on the upper part of the heat storage checker brick 5000. The auxiliary drainage holes 6121 on the auxiliary fixing ring 6120 further slow down the dissipation of hot air from the heat storage chamber 120, allowing the heat storage checker brick 5000 in the heat storage chamber 120 to fully heat the cold air.

[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the auxiliary drainage hole 6121 connects the gap between the heat storage checker brick 5000 and the inner wall of the heat storage chamber 1120.

[0044] Preferably, both the heat storage grid brick 5000 and the heat-concentrating grid brick 6200 are made of high-temperature resistant materials, and both the heat storage grid brick 5000 and the heat-concentrating grid brick 6200 are hollow to facilitate the passage of flue gas and cold air, thereby enabling the flue gas to fully heat the heat storage grid brick 5000 and the heat-concentrating grid brick 6200, and the high-temperature heat storage grid brick 5000 and the high-temperature heat-concentrating grid brick 6200 to fully heat the cold air.

[0045] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" and their orientation or positional relationships are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0046] This utility model has been described by the above-described embodiments; however, these embodiments are merely examples for implementing this utility model. It must be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of this utility model. Conversely, any modifications and refinements made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model are within the scope of patent protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A top combustion hot blast stove for stable flame combustion, characterized by, The utility model relates to a heat accumulating stove, which comprises the following parts: a stove body, which comprises a heat accumulating section, a mixed air inlet section and a combustion section, the mixed air inlet section is sleeved on the top of the heat accumulating section, the combustion section is fixedly arranged on the top of the heat accumulating section and the mixed air inlet section, the heat accumulating section comprises an air chamber and a heat accumulating chamber from bottom to top, a combustion chamber is arranged in the combustion section, the air chamber, the heat accumulating chamber and the combustion chamber are communicated with each other, a flue gas outlet and a cold air outlet are arranged on the bottom of the heat accumulating section, the flue gas outlet and the cold air outlet are communicated with the air chamber, the combustion chamber is in an arc shape, a hot air outlet is arranged on the side wall of the combustion section, the hot air outlet is communicated with the combustion chamber, and the hot air outlet is close to the heat accumulating chamber; a mixed air inlet section, which is arranged below the hot air outlet, a mixed air passage is arranged in the mixed air inlet section and connected to the combustion chamber, an air inlet and a gas inlet are arranged on the side wall of the mixed air inlet section, the air inlet is arranged above the gas inlet, and the air inlet and the gas inlet are communicated with the mixed air passage; a burner, which is arranged on the inner wall of the combustion chamber and located above the gas outlet of the mixed air passage; a temperature measuring assembly, which is arranged on the inner wall of the combustion chamber and located above the burner; heat accumulating checker bricks, which are arranged in the heat accumulating chamber and have a gap with the inner wall of the heat accumulating chamber; a flame heat collecting assembly, which is arranged on the top of the heat accumulating checker bricks, located in the combustion chamber and comprises a flow guide shell and heat collecting checker bricks, the heat collecting checker bricks are arranged in the flow guide shell, a plurality of ventilation holes are arranged on the outer wall of the flow guide shell, the height of the flow guide shell is greater than the height of the temperature measuring assembly, and the flow guide shell is in a semicircular shape.

2. A top combustion hot blast stove with stable flame combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stove body is provided with a heat insulation layer.

3. A top combustion hot blast stove with stable flame combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat collecting checker bricks have a gap with the inner wall of the flow guide shell.

4. A top combustion hot blast stove with stable flame combustion according to claim 3, characterized in that An auxiliary fixing ring is arranged on the bottom of the flow guide shell, a plurality of positioning protrusions are arranged on the bottom of the auxiliary fixing ring, a plurality of auxiliary drainage holes are arranged on the auxiliary fixing ring, a plurality of positioning holes are arranged on the top of the mixed air inlet section close to the combustion chamber, and the positioning protrusions are matched with the positioning holes.

5. A top combustion hot blast stove with stable flame combustion according to claim 4, characterized in that, The auxiliary drainage holes are communicated with the gap between the heat accumulating checker bricks and the inner wall of the heat accumulating chamber.

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