Solar flat plate collector

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar flat plate collector, and relates to the technical field of solar equipment. Comprising a flow guide pipe which is installed in a cavity structure in the solar flat plate collector. Functional flow guide media are packaged in the flow guide pipes, and the flow guide pipes conduct and utilize heat energy absorbed by a heated area on the top of the solar flat plate collector in an oriented mode through heat conduction and radiation transfer of the functional flow guide media. The whole flow guide pipe is of a special-shaped structure, and the special-shaped structure is characterized in that the uniform illumination positions of the solar flat plate collectors at different roof layers are designed according to developers. According to the utility model, through the design of the special-shaped flow guide pipe and the texture tree structure, the optimal configuration of a multi-dimensional heat conduction path is firstly realized, and the distributed layout of the trunk part and the treetop part can be accurately matched with the change of the solar azimuth angle; and the heat energy directional conduction efficiency and the thermodynamic utilization efficiency of the top heated area of the solar flat plate collector are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of solar energy equipment technology, specifically a solar flat plate collector. Background Technology

[0002] Flat-plate solar collectors are the basic components of low-temperature solar thermal utilization. They are non-concentrating components in solar thermal utilization systems that receive solar radiation and transfer heat to the heat transfer medium.

[0003] A search revealed a Chinese utility model patent with publication number "CN107869852A" that discloses a "flat plate solar collector". This application features a heating tube whose outer wall is in close contact with the inner wall of the solar collector plate. The contact area between the heating tube and the solar collector plate is equal to the area of ​​the outer wall of the heating tube (i.e., the heat exchange area between the solar collector plate and the heating tube). The heat exchange area between the solar collector plate and the heating tube is large, resulting in high heating efficiency of the solar collector plate for both the heating tube and the working fluid.

[0004] However, in actual use, due to the differences in the installation environment and the change in the angle of sunlight in different roof layers, the above-disclosed tube-plate close-fitting structure is difficult to achieve dynamic heat flow control, resulting in a significant heat conduction gradient attenuation phenomenon in the heated area. In particular, when the solar incident angle deviates from the design reference, the contact interface between the heat collector plate and the heating tube is prone to forming a local thermal resistance zone, causing heat loss. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solar flat plate collector to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A solar flat-plate collector, comprising:

[0008] The flow guide pipe is installed inside the cavity structure of the solar flat plate collector;

[0009] The guide tube is encapsulated with a functional guide medium. Through the heat conduction and radiation transfer of the functional guide medium, the guide tube can directionally conduct and utilize the heat energy absorbed by the heated area at the top of the solar flat plate collector.

[0010] The guide pipe has an irregular shape, which is designed according to the developer's characteristic design for the average light position of solar flat plate collectors on different roof layers.

[0011] The irregularly shaped guide pipes built into the solar flat plate collectors on each rooftop can contact and match the location of uniform sunlight, thereby ensuring the directional heat transfer efficiency and thermodynamic utilization efficiency of the heated area at the top of the solar flat plate collector.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the irregular structure is a texture tree structure, which consists of a trunk and several treetop sections.

[0013] The trunk is located at any position on the inner side of the solar flat plate collector within the cavity structure. The treetop and trunk are connected, and a corresponding part of the cavity structure is set at the average light position.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the treetop portion is provided with several sets of secondary branching structures, which are evenly distributed radially on the outer periphery of the treetop portion and connected to the treetop portion.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the solar flat-plate collector includes:

[0016] The outer frame is assembled, and a glass deflector is attached to the top surface. The glass deflector is used to transmit and focus solar radiation onto the surface of the deflector tube.

[0017] An insulation material layer is stacked inside the bottom layer of the assembly frame, and its surface is covered with a dark-colored solar absorption coating. The cavity structure is formed based on the insulation material layer and the glass guide plate.

[0018] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, sealing caps are respectively attached and fixed at both ends of the outer axial direction of the assembly frame. The sealing caps are used to fix the axial displacement of the guide tube and form a closed heat conduction circuit.

[0019] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, two horizontally staggered openings are respectively opened on both sides of the outer side of the assembly frame. The openings are used for the inlet and outlet connections of the guide pipe, and the two staggered openings form a conveying channel through an external circulation pipe.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0021] This solar flat plate collector, through the design of irregularly shaped flow guide tubes and textured tree structure, firstly achieves the optimized configuration of multi-dimensional heat conduction paths. Its distributed layout of the trunk and treetop parts can accurately match the changes in solar azimuth angle, ensuring the directional heat conduction efficiency and thermodynamic utilization efficiency of the heated area at the top of the solar flat plate collector.

[0022] Secondly, the secondary bifurcation structure of fractal topology is adopted, which increases the contact area of ​​the heated surface compared with the traditional finned structure, and the effective control of turbulence intensity is verified by fluid dynamics simulation. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is an assembly drawing of the internal structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a front sectional view of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Glass guide plate; 2. Insulation material layer; 3. Guide pipe; 4. Sealing cap; 5. Assembly frame. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] Before understanding the technical solution proposed in this application, it should be clear that the glass guide plate 1 is made of ultra-white low-iron tempered glass with a light transmittance of ≥92% and an anti-reflective coating on its surface. The insulation material layer 2 is composed of polyurethane foam with a density of 40±2kg / m³ and a thermal conductivity of ≤0.022W / (m·K). The guide pipe 3 is made of aluminum alloy of grade 6063-T5, extruded and formed, with a wall thickness of 1.5mm. Its outer surface is anodized to form a dark heat-absorbing layer.

[0029] During installation, the guide pipe 3 is first positioned on the surface of the insulation material layer 2 according to the preset topology. The body of the guide pipe 3 is mechanically interlocked with the preset positioning boss on the inner side of the assembly frame 5 through a snap-fit ​​structure. The treetop part is flexibly bonded to the anti-reflective film layer on the back of the glass guide plate 1 using thermally conductive silicone (model GD-414). The sealing cover 4 is made of EPDM rubber and forms an interference fit seal with both ends of the assembly frame 5 through a hot pressing process, with the compression controlled between 25% and 30%.

[0030] In addition, it should be noted that, in order to adapt to the installation requirements of different latitude regions, the textured tree structure of the guide pipe 3 can also be equipped with an axial rotation adjustment function in actual use. Specifically, it is connected to the roof fixing bracket through the waist-shaped slots (size 15×30mm) opened on both sides of the assembly frame 5, allowing the overall solar collector to be adjusted in pitch angle within ±22.5°. After adjustment, a stainless steel wing nut (M10×1.5) is used for final locking.

[0031] It is worth noting that, under winter operating conditions, a PTC auxiliary heating element (rated power 800W) can also be integrated and installed inside the guide pipe 3. The electrode connector of the PTC auxiliary heating element is led out through the waterproof junction box inside the sealing cover 4. When the water temperature is detected from the outside (water heater shower head) to be lower than 5℃, the PTC auxiliary heating element will operate, effectively preventing the pipe from freezing and cracking.

[0032] Furthermore, it should be added that the functional flow medium in this application is specifically a modified propylene glycol-based nanofluid (Al2O3 nanoparticles with a solid content of 3%-5%), with a dynamic viscosity ≤12mPa·s (test value at 25℃).

[0033] It is worth adding that, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, the technical solution proposed in this application includes:

[0034] A solar flat plate collector includes: an assembly frame 5, with a glass guide plate 1 attached to the top surface. The glass guide plate 1 transmits and focuses solar radiation onto the surface of the guide tube 3. An insulation material layer 2 is stacked inside the bottom layer of the assembly frame 5, with a dark-colored solar absorption coating on its surface. The cavity structure is formed based on the insulation material layer 2 and the glass guide plate 1. Sealing caps 4 are attached and fixed to both ends of the outer axial direction of the assembly frame 5. The sealing caps 4 are used to fix the axial displacement of the guide tube 3 and form a closed heat conduction circuit. Two horizontally staggered openings are opened on both sides of the outer side of the assembly frame 5. The openings are used for the inlet and outlet connection of the guide tube 3. The two staggered openings form a conveying channel through an external circulation pipe.

[0035] It is worth noting that in this embodiment, the guide pipe 3 is installed inside the cavity structure of the solar flat plate collector.

[0036] In addition, it should be noted that the reference Figures 1-3 It is known that the internal encapsulation of the guide pipe 3 contains a functional guide medium. Through the heat conduction and radiation transfer of the functional guide medium, the guide pipe 3 conducts and utilizes the heat energy absorbed by the heated area at the top of the solar flat plate collector in a directional manner. The guide pipe 3 has an irregular structure, which is designed according to the characteristics of the average light position of the solar flat plate collector at different roof levels by the developer.

[0037] It should be noted that the irregularly shaped guide pipes 3 built into the solar flat plate collectors on each roof can contact and match the average sunshine position, thereby ensuring the directional heat transfer efficiency and thermodynamic utilization efficiency of the heated area at the top of the solar flat plate collector. Specifically, in this implementation scheme, the average sunshine position is obtained by calculating the proportion of sunlight in different areas of the solar flat plate collector throughout the day. Specifically, the average sunshine position is selected as the average sunshine position within the solar flat plate collector. It should be added that, due to the shading between buildings, the average sunshine on different parts of the surface of the solar flat plate collector will definitely not be the same.

[0038] It should be further explained that, in this implementation scheme, the irregular structure is a textured tree structure, which consists of a trunk and several treetops. The trunk is located at any position on the cavity structure near the inner side of the solar flat plate collector. The treetops are connected to the trunk and are located within the cavity structure corresponding to the average light exposure position.

[0039] It should also be noted that the treetop has several sets of secondary branching structures, which are evenly distributed radially around the outer periphery of the treetop and connected to the treetop.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended embodiments and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solar flat plate collector characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of solar panel collector, including: Flow guide pipe (3) is installed in the cavity structure inside solar panel collector interior; Functional flow guide medium is encapsulated in the inside of the flow guide pipe (3), and the heat absorbed by the heat absorption area of the top of solar panel collector is conducted and utilized by the heat conduction and radiation transmission of the functional flow guide medium of the flow guide pipe (3); The flow guide pipe (3) is of a special shape, and the special shape is designed according to the characteristic of the position of the uniform time illumination of the solar panel collector of different roof levels developed by the manufacturer; The special-shaped flow guide pipe (3) built-in each floor solar panel collector can be matched with the position of the uniform time illumination, thereby ensuring the directional conduction efficiency and thermodynamic utilization efficiency of the heat energy of the heat absorption area of the top of solar panel collector.

2. A solar flat plate collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The special shape is a textured tree structure, and the textured tree structure includes a trunk portion and a plurality of branch portions. The trunk portion is located at any position near the inside of the cavity structure of the solar panel collector, and the branch portions are connected to the trunk portion and are arranged at positions corresponding to the position of the uniform time illumination in the cavity structure.

3. A solar flat plate collector according to claim 2, characterised in that: The branch portions are provided with a plurality of groups of secondary branch structures, which are uniformly distributed in a radial manner around the outer periphery of the branch portions and are in communication with the branch portions.

4. A solar flat plate collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar panel collector includes: An assembled frame (5) has a glass flow guide plate (1) attached to its top surface, which is used to transmit and focus solar radiation to the surface of the flow guide pipe (3). A layer of thermal insulation material (2) is arranged at the bottom of the assembled frame (5), and the surface is provided with a darkly designed solar absorption coating.

5. A solar thermal panel as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that: The two ends of the assembled frame (5) in the axial direction are respectively attached to a sealing cover (4), which is used to fix the axial displacement of the flow guide pipe (3) and form a closed heat conduction loop.

6. A solar flat plate collector according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two openings are respectively arranged on the two sides of the assembled frame (5), which are horizontally staggered and used for the inlet and outlet connection of the flow guide pipe (3). The two staggered openings form a delivery channel through an external circulation pipeline.

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