Fastening structure suitable for star imitator coil outlet head

Abstract

The utility model provides a fastening structure suitable for a star imitator coil outgoing line head. The fastening structure comprises a first connecting arm, a second connecting arm and an adjusting assembly. The cambered surface at one end of the first connecting arm is used for being matched and fixedly connected with the outer side of the bent part of the wire outlet head; and the bottom surface of one end of the second connecting arm is used for being fixedly connected with the outer surface of the adjacent conductor layer. One end of the adjusting assembly and the other end of the first connecting arm are fixedly connected through the first inserting groove, the first inserting block and the first fastener. The other end of the adjusting assembly and the other end of the second connecting arm are fixedly connected through a second inserting groove, a second inserting block and a second fastener. The adjusting assembly comprises an adjusting block and an insulating block which are connected with each other through a third inserting groove, a third inserting block and a third fastener. The fastening structure provided by the utility model can buffer dynamic stress caused by low-temperature thermal shrinkage and electromagnetic vibration of a high-intensity magnetic field, avoids fatigue damage of the bent section of the wire outlet head and a welding seam, and improves the anti-fatigue performance of the coil under extreme working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of superconducting coil technology, and specifically relates to a fastening structure suitable for the lead wire of a stellarator coil. Background Technology

[0002] Stellarator coils operate under extreme conditions combining vacuum, cryogenics, and strong magnetic fields. The stellarator coil has a lead-out terminal, which is the current output terminal of the stellarator superconducting magnet coil, connecting the coil body to the external power system. It is the core component for excitation of the superconducting coil, and the structural stability of the lead-out terminal directly affects the current transmission stability, vacuum sealing, and cryogenic operation reliability of the magnet system. To ensure the stability of the lead-out terminal, a structure is usually required to secure it to the coil. In stellarator magnet devices, the superconducting magnet coil has high manufacturing and installation precision requirements due to its three-dimensional irregular structure. The three-dimensional coil of the stellarator undergoes angular twisting during winding, and the conductor orientation is complex, resulting in limited physical space for the lead-out terminal. Therefore, the structure used to secure the stellarator coil lead-out terminal needs to be adapted to the complex conductor orientation requirements.

[0003] Existing technologies for securing stellarator coil leads typically employ a fixed connection structure (such as bolts) to rigidly connect the lead to the superconducting coil body. This does not take into account the thermal contraction effect of the coil under cryogenic conditions (such as the contraction deformation caused by the sudden drop in the coil's expansion coefficient when the superconducting coil is cooled to the liquid helium temperature range) or the electromagnetic load impact under strong magnetic fields (the coil experiences periodic vibrations due to the Lorentz force). This fastening method has the following problems: rigid connections cannot buffer the dynamic stress caused by thermal shrinkage and electromagnetic vibration. The stress is concentrated at the contact point between the lead-out end and the fastening component. Long-term operation can easily cause metal fatigue and weld cracking in the bend section of the lead-out end. Stress concentration can also damage the insulation layer between coil turns, causing inter-turn short circuits and directly affecting the stability of the stellarator's plasma confinement. Furthermore, the existing structure used to fasten the lead-out end of the stellarator's superconducting coil has fixed dimensions and cannot perform real-time dimensional compensation based on coil assembly errors and deformation under operating conditions. Under vacuum pressure difference and magnetic field disturbances, the lead-out end is prone to axial movement or radial displacement, exceeding the preset electrical safety clearance, and colliding or discharging with the surrounding vacuum chamber wall and other coil components. Positional displacement will change the magnetic field topology of the coil, reduce plasma confinement efficiency, and affect the experimental or operational performance of the stellarator. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems that existing structures used to fasten the stellarator coil lead-out end are prone to stress concentration when connected to the coil, causing metal fatigue and weld cracking in the bend of the lead-out end, which affects the stability of the stellarator plasma confinement, and the lead-out end is prone to axial movement or radial displacement, reducing plasma confinement efficiency and affecting the experimental or operational performance of the stellarator.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model discloses a fastening structure suitable for the stellarator coil lead-out end, used to fix the lead-out end of the stellarator coil to an adjacent conductor layer. The fastening structure includes a first connecting arm, a second connecting arm, and an adjustment assembly. The end face of one end of the first connecting arm along its length direction is formed with an arc surface, which is used to match the outer side of the bent portion of the lead-out end and is fixedly connected by welding. The bottom surface of one end of the second connecting arm along its length direction is used to fixly connect to the outer surface of the adjacent conductor layer along its height direction by welding.

[0006] One end of the adjusting component along its length and the other end of the first connecting arm are provided with a first insertion slot, and the other end is provided with a first insertion block that matches the first insertion slot. The first insertion slot and the first insertion block are fixedly connected by a first fastener. One end of the adjusting component and the other end of the second connecting arm are provided with a second insertion slot, and the other end is provided with a second insertion block that matches the second insertion slot. The second insertion slot and the second insertion block are fixedly connected by a second fastener. The adjusting component includes an adjusting block and an insulating block connected sequentially along its length. One end of the adjusting block along its length and the other end of the insulating block along its length are provided with a third insertion slot, and the other end is provided with a third insertion block that matches the third insertion slot. The third insertion slot and the third insertion block are fixedly connected by a third fastener.

[0007] This utility model provides a fastening structure for stellarator coil lead-out ends. Different connecting components are connected via a combination of insertion slots, insertion blocks, and fasteners. The relative positions of the two connecting components can be adjusted during assembly, and they can be fixed in place by fasteners. Furthermore, it allows for rotation at a certain angle after connection to adapt to different angular adjustment requirements. Relying on the adjustment function of the connecting structure, it can compensate for coil assembly errors and deformation under operating conditions, offering easy assembly and adjustment. Further, the fastening structure for stellarator coil lead-out ends uses two connecting arms for partitioned connection. Combined with the adjustable tension connection of the insertion slots and insertion blocks, this fastening method, compared to a simple and direct rigid connection, can buffer the dynamic stress caused by low-temperature thermal contraction and strong magnetic field electromagnetic vibration, avoiding fatigue damage to the lead-out end's bending section and weld, and improving the lead-out end's fatigue resistance under extreme operating conditions. Moreover, through the adjustable function of the connecting structure, combined with the anchoring effect of the first connecting arm and the lateral limiting effect of the second connecting arm, it ensures that the lead-out end remains stably within the preset area for a long period, guaranteeing the stability of the electrical safety clearance and magnetic field topology. Furthermore, by organically combining the insulating block with other parts of the fastening structure suitable for the stellarator coil lead-out, low-temperature embrittlement and partial discharge under strong magnetic fields are prevented, thus avoiding the risk of leakage and shutdown caused by insulation failure.

[0008] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, a fastening structure suitable for the lead wire of a stellarator coil is disclosed in this embodiment. The other end of the first connecting arm is provided with a first insertion groove, which is recessed from the end face of the other end of the first connecting arm toward one end and extends through the first connecting arm in the width direction. The other end of the adjusting block constitutes one end of the adjusting assembly and is provided with a first insertion block. The other end of the second connecting arm is provided with a second insertion groove, which is recessed from the end face of the other end of the second connecting arm toward one end and extends through the second connecting arm in the width direction. The other end of the insulating block constitutes the other end of the adjusting assembly and is provided with a second insertion block.

[0009] Using the above technical solution, both the first and second plug slots are U-shaped slots that extend through both ends. This slot structure allows for a large angle adjustment space for the connection between the first connecting arm and the adjusting block, and the connection between the second connecting arm and the insulating block. The angles of the first connecting arm and the adjusting block, as well as the angles of the second connecting arm and the insulating block, can be adjusted arbitrarily according to the orientation of the conductor layer.

[0010] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, a fastening structure suitable for the lead wire of a stellarator coil is disclosed. First oblong holes extending along the length of a first connecting arm are respectively provided on the two side walls of the first insertion slot. A first insertion block is provided with a second oblong hole matching the first oblong hole. A first fastener connects the first insertion slot and the first insertion block by passing through the first oblong hole and the second oblong hole. Furthermore, gaps exist between the outer periphery of the first fastener and the inner periphery of the first oblong hole, as well as between the outer periphery of the first fastener and the inner periphery of the second oblong hole. The fastening structure also includes an adjusting shim, which fills the gap.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the first fastener and the adjusting shim jointly bear the role of force transmission and connection positioning, ensuring the connection stability between the first connecting arm and the adjusting component, and realizing the fine adjustment of the assembly gap between the first connecting arm and the adjusting component to improve the assembly accuracy. Furthermore, by adapting the size of the adjusting block for installation, the precise control of the spatial relative position of the coil lead head can be further realized.

[0012] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a fastening structure suitable for the lead wire of a stellarator coil. One end of the first connecting arm is provided with a first through groove. The first through groove is recessed from the end face of one end of the first connecting arm toward the other end and passes through the first connecting arm in the height direction. The height direction of the first connecting arm is parallel to the height direction of the adjacent conductor layer. The end face of the arc surface is provided with a bevel structure. An adjustment hole is provided in the middle of the adjustment block along its length direction, extending along the height direction of the adjustment block. The adjustment hole is used to set a tensioning fixture.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the first through groove provides space for double-sided welding of the first connecting arm, resulting in better welding quality. The bevel structure further enhances the weld quality and load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, the first through groove and adjustment hole provide a point of leverage for inserting the tensioning fixture, facilitating the tensioning operation of the adjustment block.

[0014] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the present invention discloses a fastening structure suitable for the lead wire of a stellarator coil, wherein one end of the adjusting block is provided with a third insertion groove, the third insertion groove is recessed from the end face of one end of the adjusting block toward the other end, and passes through the adjusting block in the width direction; one end of the insulating block is provided with a third insertion block.

[0015] Using the above technical solution, the third insertion slot is a U-shaped slot that runs through both ends, which allows for a large angle adjustment space between the adjustment block and the insulating block, and the angle of the insulating block and the adjustment block can be adjusted at will according to the direction of the conductor layer.

[0016] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the present invention discloses a fastening structure suitable for the lead wire of a stellarator coil, wherein the insulating block is a racetrack ring structure and has an opening extending along the height direction of the insulating block; the second fastener and the third fastener are both fitted with the corresponding connecting holes in a transition fit.

[0017] Using the above technical solution, the runway's ring structure facilitates the provision of tensile strength and insulation properties, and also allows the adjusting blocks a certain range of oscillation, preventing stress concentration. The transition fit method ensures connection strength while maintaining the overall structural insulation performance.

[0018] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the present invention discloses a fastening structure suitable for the lead wire of a stellarator coil. One end of the second connecting arm is provided with a second through groove. The second through groove is recessed from the end face of one end of the second connecting arm toward the other end and passes through the second connecting arm in the height direction. The height direction of the second connecting arm is parallel to the height direction of the adjacent conductor layer. The top surface of one end of the second connecting arm is set as a slope structure extending downward from the end face along the length direction of the second connecting arm, and the bottom surface of one end of the second connecting arm is set as a bevel structure.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the second connecting arm has the space for double-sided welding by setting the second through groove and the inclined surface structure, thereby achieving better welding quality; setting the bottom surface of one end of the second connecting arm as a bevel structure can improve the quality and load-bearing capacity of the weld after welding.

[0020] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the present invention discloses a fastening structure suitable for the lead wire of a stellarator coil, wherein the bottom surface of the second connecting arm is provided with an isolation groove, the isolation groove is adjacent to the position where the second connecting arm is connected to the conductor layer; and the isolation groove is recessed from the bottom surface of the second connecting arm toward the top surface, and extends through the second connecting arm in the width direction of the second connecting arm.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the bottom surface of one end of the second connecting arm (the part welded to the adjacent conductor layer) can be isolated from the adjustment component through the isolation groove, thereby isolating the weld and the insulating block.

[0022] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, a fastening structure suitable for the lead wire of a stellarator coil is disclosed in the present invention, wherein filler blocks are respectively filled between the bottom of the first plug block and the first plug groove, between the bottom of the second plug block and the second plug groove, and between the bottom of the third plug block and the third plug groove.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, a filler block is used to fill the matching gap between the insertion slot and the insertion block, so as to achieve a flexible connection, improve the fit of the assembly surface, and further buffer the dynamic stress caused by low temperature thermal shrinkage and strong magnetic field electromagnetic vibration.

[0024] The beneficial technical effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0025] This utility model provides a fastening structure for stellarator coil lead-out ends. Different connecting components are connected via a combination of insertion slots, insertion blocks, and fasteners. The relative positions of the two connecting components can be adjusted during assembly, and they can be fixed in place by fasteners. Furthermore, it allows for rotation at a certain angle after connection to adapt to different angular adjustment requirements. Relying on the adjustment function of the connecting structure, it can compensate for coil assembly errors and deformation under operating conditions, offering easy assembly and adjustment. Further, the fastening structure for stellarator coil lead-out ends uses two connecting arms for partitioned welding, combined with adjustable tension connections via insertion slots and insertion blocks. Compared to simple and direct rigid connections, this method can buffer dynamic stress caused by low-temperature thermal contraction and strong magnetic field electromagnetic vibrations, avoiding fatigue damage to the lead-out end bends and welds, and improving the lead-out end's fatigue resistance under extreme operating conditions. Moreover, through the adjustable function of the connecting structure, combined with the anchoring effect of the first connecting arm and the lateral limiting effect of the second connecting arm, it ensures that the lead-out end remains stably within a preset area for a long period, guaranteeing the stability of the electrical safety clearance and magnetic field topology. Furthermore, by organically combining the insulating block with other parts of the fastening structure suitable for the stellarator coil lead-out, low-temperature embrittlement and partial discharge under strong magnetic fields are prevented, thus avoiding the risk of leakage and shutdown caused by insulation failure. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after multiple fastening structures for stellarator coil leads provided by this utility model are connected to the leads and conductor layers on multiple stellarator coil groups.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the fastening structure for the stellarator coil lead-out end provided by this utility model, after the lead-out end and conductor layer are connected.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first connecting arm in the fastening structure for the lead wire of a stellarator coil provided by this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second connecting arm in the fastening structure for the lead wire of a stellarator coil provided by this utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting block in the fastening structure of the stellarator coil lead provided by this utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the insulating block in the fastening structure of the stellarator coil lead provided by this utility model.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0033] 1. Stellar coil; 11. Coil assembly; 111. Conductor layer; 112. Lead end; 2. Fastening structure; 21. First connecting arm; 211. Arc surface; 212. First through slot; 213. First insertion slot; 214. First oblong hole; 22. Second connecting arm; 221. Second through slot; 222. Second insertion slot; 223. Isolation slot; 23. Adjustment assembly; 231. Adjustment block; 2311. First insertion block; 2312. Third insertion slot; 2313. Second oblong hole; 2314. Adjustment hole; 232. Insulating block; 2321. Second insertion block; 2322. Third insertion block; 24. First fastener; 25. Second fastener; 26. Third fastener; 27. Adjustment shim; 28. Filler block. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1As shown, the stellarator coil 1 includes multiple coil groups 11 nested together. Each coil group 11 includes a multilayer conductor layer 111 formed by winding a superconducting conductor and a lead wire 112. After being bent, the lead wire 112 extends away from the multilayer conductor layer 111 along the stacking direction of the multilayer conductor layer 111. Since the superconducting conductor has a certain thickness, the bent part of the lead wire 112 will be arc-shaped due to the bend, wherein the outer arc surface of the arc faces the adjacent conductor layer 111. Furthermore, the outer peripheral surface of the superconducting conductor of each coil group 11 has an armor.

[0036] This embodiment provides a fastening structure 2 for the lead-out end of a stellarator coil, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the fastening structure 2 is used to fix the lead end 112 of the stellarator coil 1 to the adjacent conductor layer 111; and each lead end 112 can be provided with one fastening structure 2.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, the fastening structure 2 includes a first connecting arm 21, a second connecting arm 22, and an adjusting assembly 23. The end face of one end of the first connecting arm 21 along its length direction forms an arc surface 211. The arc surface 211 is used to match and be fixedly connected to the outer side of the bent portion of the cable outlet 112 (i.e., the outer arc surface side of the bent portion, and the outer surface is armored) by welding. It should be noted that the arc surface 211 of the first connecting arm 21 can match the entire outer arc surface of the bent portion (i.e., the arc length of the arc surface 211 of the first connecting arm 21 is equal to the arc length of the entire outer arc surface of the bent portion) and be fixedly connected, or it can be as follows: Figure 2 As shown, on the basis of ensuring that the first connecting arm 21 can be stably connected to the lead-out head 112, the arc surface 211 of the first connecting arm 21 only matches and is fixedly connected to the portion of the outer arc surface of the bent part that is close to the adjacent conductor layer 111.

[0038] The first connecting arm 21 can be made of stainless steel, preferably 316L stainless steel. In one specific embodiment, such as Figures 2-3 As shown, a first through groove 212 is provided at one end of the first connecting arm 21. The first through groove 212 is recessed from the end face of one end of the first connecting arm 21 toward the other end (i.e., in the length direction) and extends through the first connecting arm 21 in the height direction. The height direction of the first connecting arm 21 is the same as the height direction of the adjacent conductor layer 111. Figure 2 (in the Z direction); by setting the first through slot 212 to provide space for double-sided welding of the first connecting arm 21, better welding quality can be achieved. Furthermore, in one specific embodiment, such as... Figure 3As shown, the end face of the arc surface 211 is configured with a bevel structure. This bevel structure improves the weld quality and load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding can be used to achieve even better weld quality.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the bottom surface of one end of the second connecting arm 22 along its length (i.e., the end relatively far from the first connecting arm 21) is used to be fixedly connected to the outer surface (armor) of the adjacent conductor layer 111 along its height direction by welding. The material of the second connecting arm 22 can be stainless steel, preferably 316L stainless steel. It should be noted that the size of the part of the bottom surface of one end of the second connecting arm 22 used for connection with the adjacent conductor layer 111 needs to ensure that the connection between the second connecting arm 22 and the adjacent conductor layer 111 is stable.

[0040] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a second through groove 221 is provided at one end of the second connecting arm 22. The second through groove 221 is recessed from the end face of one end of the second connecting arm 22 toward the other end (i.e., in the length direction) and extends through the second connecting arm 22 in the height direction. The height direction of the second connecting arm 22 is the same as the height direction of the adjacent conductor layer 111. The top surface of one end of the second connecting arm 22 is configured as a sloped structure extending downwards from the end face along the length direction of the second connecting arm 22. By providing the second through groove 221 and the sloped structure, the second connecting arm 22 has the space conditions for double-sided welding, thereby achieving better welding quality. Further, in one specific embodiment, as... Figure 4 As shown, the bottom surface of one end of the second connecting arm 22 is designed with a bevel structure, which can improve the weld quality and load-bearing capacity after welding. Furthermore, tungsten inert gas welding can be used for welding, which can achieve even better weld quality.

[0041] Based on the geometric load-bearing characteristics of the bend of the lead wire 112 and the structural relationship of the adjacent conductor layer 111, the first connecting arm 21 is connected to the lead wire 112 by double-sided welding, and the second connecting arm 22 is connected to the adjacent conductor layer 111 by double-sided welding. This reduces the damage to the inter-turn layout of the conductor layer 111 caused by the welding heat-affected zone, and balances the fastening effect of the lead wire 112 with the overall mechanical and electromagnetic performance of the coil.

[0042] like Figure 2As shown, the adjusting component 23 is disposed between the first connecting arm 21 and the second connecting arm 22. One end of the adjusting component 23 along its length direction is connected to the other end of the first connecting arm 21 (i.e., the end relatively closer to the second connecting arm 22), and the other end of the adjusting component 23 is connected to the other end of the second connecting arm 22 (i.e., the end relatively closer to the first connecting arm 21). One end of the adjusting component 23 and the other end of the first connecting arm 21 are provided with a first insertion slot 213, and the other end is provided with a first insertion block 2311 that matches the first insertion slot 213. The first insertion slot 213 and the first insertion block 2311 are fixedly connected by a first fastener 24. One end of the adjusting component 23 and the other end of the second connecting arm 22 are provided with a second insertion slot 222, and the other end is provided with a second insertion block 2321 that matches the second insertion slot 222. The second insertion slot 222 and the second insertion block 2321 are fixedly connected by a second fastener 25. The adjustment assembly 23 includes an adjustment block 231 and an insulating block 232 connected sequentially along its length. One end of the adjustment block 231 along its length and one end of the insulating block 232 along its length are provided with a third insertion groove 2312, and the other end is provided with a third insertion block 2322 that matches the third insertion groove 2312. The third insertion groove 2312 and the third insertion block 2322 are fixedly connected by a third fastener 26.

[0043] Specifically, the adjusting block 231 can be made of stainless steel, preferably 316L stainless steel. The adjusting block 231 is a connector with position compensation function, achieving precise control of the spatial relative position of the lead-out head 112 in the superconducting coil through its own installation posture adjustment. The insulating block 232 should be made of insulating material with a certain strength, specifically G10. The insulating block 232 has both insulation and connection functions to avoid eddy current losses and discharge risks. The adjusting block 231 and the insulating block 232 are connected to each other by a third fastener 26, and one of the adjusting block 231 and the insulating block 232 is connected to the first connecting arm 21 by a first fastener 24, and the other is connected to the second connecting arm 22 by a second fastener 25; specifically, it can be as follows... Figure 2As shown, the adjusting block 231 is connected to the first connecting arm 21, and the insulating block 232 is connected to the second connecting arm 22; alternatively, the insulating block 232 can be connected to the first connecting arm 21, and the adjusting block 231 can be connected to the second connecting arm 22. The first insertion slot 213, the second insertion slot 222, and the third insertion slot 2312 can be a through slot structure with two side walls, a groove structure with four peripheral walls, or an arc-shaped groove structure with an arc-shaped bottom. The structures of the first insertion slot 213, the second insertion slot 222, and the third insertion slot 2312 can be the same or different. The first insertion block 2311, the second insertion block 2321, and the third insertion block 2322 are respectively matched with the first insertion slot 213, the second insertion slot 222, and the third insertion slot 2312. The first fastener 24, the second fastener 25, and the third fastener 26 can be pin structures that are inserted into the corresponding connection holes on the insertion blocks and insertion slots to allow different insertion blocks and corresponding insertion slots to be detachably connected. The first fastener 24, the second fastener 25, and the third fastener 26 can all be made of 316L stainless steel.

[0044] The fastening structure 2 provided in this embodiment fixes the first connecting arm 21 to the lead-out head 112 and the second connecting arm 22 to the surface of the adjacent conductor layer 111. The adjustment component 23 between the first connecting arm 21 and the second connecting arm 22 includes an adjustment block 231 with adjustment function and an insulating block 232 with insulation function. The adjustment block 231 and the insulating block 232, as well as the adjustment component 23 and the first connecting arm 21 and the second connecting arm 22, are connected by a joint groove, a joint block, and fasteners. The joint groove, joint block, and fasteners connection structure allows adjustment of the relative position between the two connecting parts during assembly and can be fixed by fasteners after adjustment. It also allows rotation at a certain angle after connection to adapt to angle adjustment requirements for different orientations. Relying on the adjustment function of this connection structure, it can compensate for coil assembly errors and deformation under working conditions, thus having the effect of easy assembly and easy adjustment. This embodiment uses two connecting arms connected in sections by welding, combined with an adjustable tension connection fastening method using matching plug slots and plug blocks. Compared to a simple and direct rigid connection method, this method can buffer the dynamic stress caused by low-temperature thermal contraction and strong magnetic field electromagnetic vibration, avoiding fatigue damage to the bend section and weld of the lead wire 112, and improving the fatigue resistance of the lead wire under extreme working conditions. Furthermore, through the adjustable function of the connection structure, combined with the anchoring effect of the first connecting arm 21 and the lateral limiting effect of the second connecting arm 22, the lead wire 112 is ensured to remain stably within the preset area for a long period, guaranteeing the stability of the electrical safety clearance and the magnetic field topology. Moreover, by organically integrating the insulating block 232 with other parts of the fastening structure 2, low-temperature embrittlement and partial discharge under strong magnetic fields are prevented, avoiding the risk of leakage and downtime caused by insulation failure.

[0045] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the extension direction of the fastening structure 2 is consistent with the extension direction of the adjacent conductor layer 111, and is an arc-shaped line. The length directions of the first connecting arm 21, the second connecting arm 22, and the adjusting component 23 are all portions of this extension direction; the height direction of the fastening structure 2 is as follows: Figure 2 The Z-direction shown is aligned with the height direction of the conductor layer 111; the width direction of the fastening structure 2 is perpendicular to both the length and height directions. Furthermore, the height and length of the fastening structure 2 can be set as needed, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the width of the fastening structure 2 should match the width of the conductor layer 111.

[0046] In one specific implementation, such as Figures 2-3 As shown, a first insertion groove 213 is provided at the other end of the first connecting arm 21 (i.e., the end relatively close to the second connecting arm 22), and the first insertion groove 213 is recessed from the end face of the other end of the first connecting arm 21 toward the end with the arc surface, and extends through the first connecting arm 21 in the width direction. Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the other end of the adjusting block 231 (i.e., the end relatively close to the first connecting arm 21) constitutes one end of the adjusting assembly 23, and is provided with a first insertion block 2311. The first insertion slot 213 and the first insertion block 2311 are fixedly connected by a first fastener 24, thereby connecting the first connecting arm 21 and the adjusting block 231. Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a second insertion groove 222 is provided at the other end of the second connecting arm 22 (i.e., the end relatively close to the first connecting arm 21), and the second insertion groove 222 is recessed from the end face of the other end of the second connecting arm 22 toward the end away from the first connecting arm 21, and extends through the second connecting arm 22 in the width direction. Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the other end of the insulating block 232 (i.e. the end relatively far from the adjusting block 231) constitutes the other end of the adjusting assembly 23, and is provided with a second plug-in block 2321; the second plug-in slot 222 and the second plug-in block 2321 are fixedly connected by the second fastener 25, so that one end of the insulating block 232 is connected to the second connecting arm 22, and the other end is connected to the adjusting block 231. While connecting the adjusting block 231 to the second connecting arm 22, the conductive path between the two components is blocked, avoiding eddy current loss and discharge risk.

[0047] In the above configuration, both the first insertion slot 213 and the second insertion slot 222 are U-shaped slots that extend through both ends along the width direction of the first connecting arm 21 and the second connecting arm 22. This slot structure allows for a large angle adjustment space for the connection between the first connecting arm 21 and the adjusting block 231, and the connection between the second connecting arm 22 and the insulating block 232. The angles of the first connecting arm 21 and the adjusting block 231, as well as the angles of the second connecting arm 22 and the insulating block 232, can be adjusted arbitrarily according to the orientation of the conductor layer 111.

[0048] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, first oblong holes 214 extending along the length direction of the first connecting arm 21 are respectively provided on the two side walls of the first insertion slot 213; as Figure 5 As shown, the first insertion block 2311 is provided with a second oblong hole 2313 that matches the first oblong hole 214; as Figure 2 As shown, the first fastener 24 connects the first insertion slot 213 and the first insertion block 2311 by passing through the first oblong hole 214 and the second oblong hole 2313; and, as Figure 2 As shown, there are gaps between the outer periphery of the first fastener 24 and the inner periphery of the first waist-shaped hole 214, as well as between the outer periphery of the first fastener 24 and the inner periphery of the second waist-shaped hole 2313; the fastening structure 2 also includes an adjusting shim 27, which fills the gap.

[0049] Specifically, the adjusting shim 27 can be made of 316L stainless steel. Precision adjusting shims 27 of different thicknesses can be prepared in advance. After the first connecting arm 21 is connected and tightened to the adjusting block 231, a shim of appropriate thickness is selected and filled into the gap for assembly. This allows the first fastener 24 and the adjusting shim 27 to jointly bear the force transmission and connection positioning, ensuring the connection stability between the first connecting arm 21 and the adjusting block 231. It also enables fine adjustment of the assembly gap between the first connecting arm 21 and the adjusting block 231 to improve assembly accuracy. Furthermore, by adapting the size of the adjusting block 231, the precise control of the spatial relative position of the wire head 112 can be further achieved.

[0050] In one specific embodiment, when a first through groove 212 is provided at one end of the first connecting arm 21, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the adjusting block 231 has an adjusting hole 2314 extending along the height direction of the adjusting block 231 at the middle of its length direction. The adjusting hole 2314 matches the tensioning fixture (not shown in the figure) and is used to insert the tensioning fixture to form a force point. The first through groove 212 provides another force point for the tensioning fixture, which facilitates the tensioning fixture to perform a tensioning operation on the adjusting block 231.

[0051] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, one end of the adjusting block 231 is provided with a third insertion groove 2312, which is recessed from one end face of the adjusting block 231 toward the other end and extends through the adjusting block 231 in the width direction; as Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, a third plug-in block 2322 is provided at one end of the insulating block 232.

[0052] In the above configuration, the third insertion slot 2312 is a U-shaped slot that runs through both ends along the width direction, which allows for a large angle adjustment space between the adjustment block 231 and the insulating block 232. The angles of the insulating block 232 and the adjustment block 231 can be adjusted arbitrarily according to the orientation of the conductor layer 111.

[0053] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the insulating block 232 has a racetrack-like ring structure and an opening extending along its height. This ring structure facilitates the provision of tensile strength and insulation properties, and also allows the adjusting block 231 to have a certain swing range, preventing stress concentration. Furthermore, the second fastener 25 and the third fastener 26 are fitted with their corresponding connecting holes using a transition fit, specifically an H7 / m6 transition fit, ensuring connection strength while maintaining the overall insulation performance. More specifically, threaded holes (such as M2 threaded holes) can be provided on the end faces of the second fastener 25 and the third fastener 26. If it is necessary to disassemble the second fastener 25 and the third fastener 26, bolts can be screwed into the threaded holes for easy disassembly.

[0054] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the bottom surface of the second connecting arm 22 is also provided with an isolation groove 223, which is adjacent to the position where the second connecting arm 22 connects to the conductor layer 111; and the isolation groove 223 is recessed from the bottom surface of the second connecting arm 22 toward the top surface, and extends through the second connecting arm 22 in the width direction. Specifically, the isolation groove 223 can be designed as a C-shaped groove structure, and as shown... Figure 4 As shown, when the second through slot 221 is present, the middle portion of the isolation slot 223 along the width direction of the second connecting arm 22 may coincide with the second through slot 221, so that the isolation slot 223 is only present on the two side walls of the second through slot 221. The isolation slot 223 is provided to isolate the bottom surface of one end of the second connecting arm 22 (the welding part with the adjacent conductor layer 111) from the adjustment assembly 23, thereby isolating the weld from the insulating block 232.

[0055] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 2As shown, filler blocks 28 are respectively placed between the bottom of the first insertion block 2311 and the bottom of the first insertion slot 213, between the bottom of the second insertion block 2321 and the bottom of the second insertion slot 222, and between the bottom of the third insertion block 2322 and the bottom of the third insertion slot 2312. Specifically, the filler blocks 28 can be made of G10 material. The filler blocks 28 are used to fill the matching gaps between the insertion slots and the insertion blocks, realizing a flexible connection, improving the fit of the assembly surfaces, and further buffering the dynamic stress caused by low-temperature thermal shrinkage and strong magnetic field electromagnetic vibration.

[0056] It should be noted that the gaps in the welding areas of the first connecting arm 21 and the second connecting arm 22, the gaps between the surface armor of the conductor layer 111 and the fastening structure 2, the openings of the insulating block 232, and the outer periphery filling block 28 can also be used to optimize the stress distribution at the connection positions of the first connecting arm 21 and the lead-out head 112, and the connection positions of the second connecting arm 22 and the conductor layer 111, and enhance the electromagnetic resistance and vibration resistance of the local structure.

[0057] Furthermore, taking the fastening structure 2, which includes a first connecting arm 21, an adjusting block 231, an insulating block 232, and a second connecting arm 22 connected in sequence, and is also filled with an adjusting shim 27 and a filling block 28, as an example, the method of using the fastening structure 2 to fix the stellarator coil lead 112 to the adjacent conductor layer 111 includes the following steps.

[0058] S1: The arc surface at one end of the first connecting arm is fixedly connected to the outside of the lead wire by welding; the second connecting arm is fixedly connected to the adjacent conductor layer by welding.

[0059] S2: Insert the second plug block at the other end of the insulating block into the second plug slot at the other end of the second connecting arm, and install the second fastener to connect.

[0060] S3: Insert the third connector at one end of the insulating block into the third connector slot at one end of the adjusting block, and install the third fastener for connection.

[0061] S4: Insert the first plug-in block at the other end of the adjusting block into the first plug-in slot at the other end of the first connecting arm, and install the first fastener. Adjust the position of the adjusting block to tighten the entire fastener, and fill the outer periphery of the first fastener with adjusting shims. Specifically, a universal tensioning fixture can be used to tighten the adjusting block to adjust its position.

[0062] S5: Fill the gaps in the assembly with filler blocks and cover the middle part of the insulating block.

[0063] This embodiment provides a fastening structure for the coil lead that is adapted to the combined working conditions of vacuum, low temperature, and strong magnetic field of stellarator magnets. By optimizing the stress distribution at the connection position between the lead and the conductor layer, the fit of the assembly surface is improved, and the local anti-electromagnetic force and anti-vibration ability are enhanced, thus achieving stable constraint on the lead and ensuring the long-term safe and reliable operation of the stellarator coil.

[0064] It should be noted that, in addition to the specific embodiments described above, those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of this utility model is presented in conjunction with preferred embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this utility model are limited to that embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the utility model in conjunction with the embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be derived based on the claims of this utility model. In order to provide a deep understanding of this utility model, many specific details are included in the above description, and this utility model may also be implemented without using these details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of this utility model, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0065] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in this specification are similar items in the following figures. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0066] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the utility model product is usually placed in during use. They are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the utility model.

[0067] The terms “first”, “second”, etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0068] In the description of this embodiment, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment based on the specific circumstances.

[0069] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the above description is a further detailed explanation of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and should not be construed as limiting the specific implementation of the present invention to these descriptions. Those skilled in the art can make various changes in form and detail, including some simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fastening structure suitable for the lead end of a stellarator coil, used to fix the lead end of the stellarator coil to an adjacent conductor layer, characterized in that, The fastening structure includes: The first connecting arm has an arc surface formed on one end face along its length direction, the arc surface being used to match the outer side of the bent portion of the lead wire and to be fixedly connected by welding. The bottom surface of one end of the second connecting arm along its length direction is used to be fixedly connected to the outer surface of the adjacent conductor layer along its height direction by welding. An adjustment component is provided with a first insertion slot at one end along its length and at the other end of the first connecting arm, and a first insertion block that matches the first insertion slot is provided at the other end, and the first insertion slot and the first insertion block are fixedly connected by a first fastener. One of the other ends of the adjustment component and the other end of the second connecting arm is provided with a second insertion slot, and the other is provided with a second insertion block that matches the second insertion slot. The second insertion slot and the second insertion block are fixedly connected by a second fastener. The adjustment assembly includes an adjustment block and an insulating block connected sequentially along its length. One end of the adjustment block and one end of the insulating block along its length are provided with a third insertion slot, and the other end is provided with a third insertion block that matches the third insertion slot. The third insertion slot and the third insertion block are fixedly connected by a third fastener.

2. The fastening structure for the lead wire of a stellarator coil as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The other end of the first connecting arm is provided with the first insertion groove, and the first insertion groove is recessed from the end face of the other end of the first connecting arm toward one end, and extends through the first connecting arm in the width direction; the other end of the adjusting block constitutes one end of the adjusting assembly, and is provided with the first insertion block. The other end of the second connecting arm is provided with the second insertion groove, and the second insertion groove is recessed from the end face of the other end of the second connecting arm toward one end, and extends through the second connecting arm in the width direction; the other end of the insulating block constitutes the other end of the adjustment assembly, and is provided with the second insertion block.

3. The fastening structure for the lead wire of a stellarator coil as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first plug slot has a first waist-shaped hole extending along the length of the first connecting arm on each of its two side walls, and the first plug block has a second waist-shaped hole that matches the first waist-shaped hole. The first fastener connects the first insertion slot and the first insertion block by passing through the first waist-shaped hole and the second waist-shaped hole; and there are gaps between the outer periphery of the first fastener and the inner periphery of the first waist-shaped hole, and between the outer periphery of the first fastener and the inner periphery of the second waist-shaped hole. The fastening structure also includes an adjusting shim that fills the gap.

4. The fastening structure for the lead wire of a stellarator coil as described in claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the first connecting arm is provided with a first through groove, which is recessed from the end face of one end of the first connecting arm toward the other end and extends through the first connecting arm in the height direction; the height direction of the first connecting arm is parallel to the height direction of the adjacent conductor layer; the end face of the arc surface is provided with a bevel structure. The adjusting block has an adjusting hole extending along its height direction at its middle part along its length direction, and the adjusting hole is used to set a tensioning fixture.

5. The fastening structure for the lead wire of a stellarator coil as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The third insertion groove is provided at one end of the adjusting block. The third insertion groove is recessed from the end face of one end of the adjusting block toward the other end and passes through the adjusting block in the width direction. The third connector is provided at one end of the insulating block.

6. The fastening structure for the lead wire of a stellarator coil as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The insulating block has a racetrack-like ring structure and has an opening extending along the height direction of the insulating block; The second and third fasteners are both fitted with the corresponding connecting holes using a transition fit.

7. The fastening structure for the lead wire of a stellarator coil as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the second connecting arm is provided with a second through groove, which is recessed from the end face of one end of the second connecting arm toward the other end and extends through the second connecting arm in the height direction; the height direction of the second connecting arm is parallel to the height direction of the adjacent conductor layer; and the top surface of one end of the second connecting arm is configured as a slope structure extending downward from the end face along the length direction of the second connecting arm, and the bottom surface of one end of the second connecting arm is configured as a bevel structure.

8. The fastening structure for the lead wire of a stellarator coil as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the second connecting arm is also provided with an isolation groove, which is adjacent to the position where the second connecting arm is connected to the conductor layer; and the isolation groove is recessed from the bottom surface of the second connecting arm toward the top surface and extends through the second connecting arm in the width direction.

9. The fastening structure for the lead wire of a stellarator coil as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Filler blocks are respectively placed between the first plug block and the bottom of the first plug slot, between the second plug block and the bottom of the second plug slot, and between the third plug block and the bottom of the third plug slot.

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