Novel vertical axis wind turbine based on 3D printing technology

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel vertical axis wind turbine based on a 3D printing technology. Comprising two sets of resistance type blades, a set of lift type blades and the like, the contact area between the resistance type blades and wind is enlarged through a spiral structure, the starting torque and the wind energy capturing efficiency are improved, and the lift type blades can maintain efficient conversion at medium and high wind speeds and can provide balance for the whole fan; the rotating speed of the blades is regulated and controlled through inner and outer shafts and a gear speed change device, light-weight and modular manufacturing is achieved in combination with a 3D printing high-performance composite material, and a wind speed sensor is integrated. PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) control parameters are dynamically optimized by adopting a BP (Back Propagation) neural network, the optimal tip speed ratio of a resistance type fan blade and a lift type fan blade is matched according to real-time wind speed, and when the resistance type fan blade reaches the optimal tip speed ratio, an operation mode is switched through a separation device, so that the lift type fan blade and the resistance type fan blade independently operate to ensure that the lift type fan blade reaches the optimal tip speed ratio; the utility model aims to give consideration to high starting performance and stable and efficient power generation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a novel vertical axis wind driven generator based on 3D printing technology. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a clean energy technology, wind power generation has many advantages, it does not emit harmful gases or particulate matter, and wind energy is a renewable energy that cannot be exhausted by use. At present, in the rapid development of wind power generation, horizontal axis wind power generation is gradually mature, but this type of wind turbine has some unavoidable defects, such as: it needs to be equipped with a yawing system to adjust the direction of the wind turbine to ensure that the blades always face the wind, which increases complexity and cost, and in areas where wind direction changes frequently, the power generation efficiency of the wind level will be affected. In addition, the traditional horizontal axis wind driven generator has a large footprint and serious noise pollution, so in the current development of distributed power generation, the application of horizontal axis wind driven generators is increasingly limited. Therefore, the development direction of vertical axis wind driven generators is attracting more and more attention. Vertical axis wind turbines can accept wind from any direction, have small size and low noise pollution, and are suitable for limited spaces such as cities and rooftops. They are mainly divided into drag type and lift type. The drag type vertical axis wind driven generator has the advantages of low speed and easy starting, good starting performance, and simple structure, but it has the disadvantages of low speed and low power generation efficiency. The lift type vertical axis wind driven generator has high wind energy utilization rate and can operate at high speed, and it is more efficient at high speed, but it has the disadvantage of poor starting performance. Therefore, it is necessary to design a vertical axis wind turbine with good starting performance and high efficiency. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model aims at providing a novel vertical axis wind driven generator based on 3D printing technology, which solves the problems of low wind energy utilization rate of drag type wind turbines and poor starting performance of lift type wind turbines.

[0004] Technical scheme: The utility model discloses a novel vertical axis wind driven generator based on 3D printing technology, which comprises two groups of drag type blades and a group of lift type blades installed between the two groups of drag type blades.

[0005] Further, a middle shaft is installed between the two groups of drag type blades.

[0006] Further, a blade support is installed on the inner wall of the lift type blade.

[0007] Further, it also comprises a gear box, a permanent magnet synchronous generator, a controller and a base.

[0008] Further, the two groups of drag type blades each comprise eight spiral blades arranged in a circumferential array.

[0009] The lift-type blades are arranged in a circumferential array at 72° by 5 blades with a wing profile of NACA0012.

[0010] Further, the two groups of the resistance-type blades are installed above and below the lift-type blades, and are mirror-symmetric with the vertical center of the lift-type blades;

[0011] The resistance-type blades are connected with the lift-type blades through gears and a speed changing device, and the two groups of the resistance-type blades are coaxial.

[0012] Further, the lift-type blades are installed outside the middle shaft.

[0013] Beneficial effects: compared with the prior art, the device has the following remarkable characteristics: the device adopts the collaborative design of the upper and lower two groups of helical resistance-type blades and the middle H-shaped lift-type blade, the resistance-type is composed of 8 blades, the contact area with wind is enlarged through the helical structure of the resistance-type blade, the starting torque and the wind energy capture efficiency are enhanced, the lift-type blade is composed of 5 blades, can maintain high efficiency conversion under medium and high wind speed, and the structural design can provide balance for the whole fan. The resistance-type blade and the lift-type blade are controlled in speed through the inner and outer shafts and the gear speed changing device, light weight and modular manufacturing are realized by combining 3D printing high-performance composite materials, and a wind speed sensor is integrated; BP neural network dynamic optimization PID control parameters are adopted, the best tip speed ratio of the resistance-type and the lift-type blades is matched according to real-time wind speed, when the resistance-type blade reaches the best tip speed ratio, the running mode is switched through the separation device, so that the lift-type blade and the resistance-type blade independently run, so as to ensure that the lift-type blade reaches the best tip speed ratio, and the high starting performance and stable and efficient power generation are considered. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is the front view of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 is the top view of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 is the front view of the resistance-type blade in the utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 is the top view of the resistance-type blade in the utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 is the front view of the lift-type blade in the utility model;

[0019] Figure 6 is the top view of the lift-type blade in the utility model;

[0020] In the figure, 1 is a resistance type blade, 2 is a blade support, 3 is a lift type blade, 4 is a central shaft, 5 is a gear box, 6 is a permanent magnet synchronous generator and controller, and 7 is a base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The specific technical scheme of the utility model will be further described in detail below in combination with specific examples.

[0022] As shown in the figure, the utility model discloses a novel vertical axis wind turbine based on 3D printing technology, including two groups of resistance type blades 1, blade support 2, a group of lift type blades 3, central shaft 4, gear box 5, permanent magnet synchronous generator and controller 6, base 7, gear and speed changing device, wind speed sensor etc.;Lift type blade 3 is installed on the outside of central shaft 4, and two groups of resistance type blades 1 are installed above and below a group of lift type blades 3 respectively, and are mirror symmetrical with the vertical direction center of lift type blade 3.;Permanent magnet synchronous generator and controller 6 are installed above base 7, and gear box 5 is installed below one of resistance type blades 1 and above gear box 5.

[0023] The 3D printing technology is used to print and manufacture three groups of blades and assemble the structure, which is of great help to the realization of the structure. The blades in the device are manufactured using 3D printing technology, which makes the fan have the advantage of lightweight. And the wind speed sensor is integrated in the printing process. Using 3D printing technology can reduce the manufacturing difficulty of complex fan blade structure, and using high composite performance material makes the fan have the advantage of lightweight and high durability.

[0024] The two groups of blades in resistance type fan blade 1 are both formed by 8 spiral blades arranged around the circumference, and the spiral shape increases the contact area of the blade and the wind, and has stronger starting torque performance. Due to its spiral structure, the wind energy capture efficiency is improved. At the same time, the spiral shape can disperse wind power, reduce mechanical stress and improve the stability of the structure. Due to its complex structure, 3D printing technology is used for manufacturing, which can reduce the manufacturing difficulty and is suitable for small batch production. Secondly, the use of high composite performance material can enhance the strength of the fan blade and increase the overall performance of the fan.

[0025] The lift type blade 3 adopts NACA0012 airfoil, and the overall fan blade is composed of 5 blades arranged in a circular array at an angle of 72°. It can ensure that the blade can accept wind energy at the best angle at any time. And because there are fan blade mechanisms above and below, five blades are selected to enhance the overall balance of the fan.

[0026] The lift-type blade 3 is connected with the middle shaft 4 through the blade support 2; meanwhile, the lift-type blade 3 also uses 3D printing material to make the blade have the advantage of light weight, and the fan can maintain high efficiency at medium and high speed; the two groups of resistance-type blades 1 are installed above and below the lift-type blade 3 to form a new type of combined vertical axis fan, the resistance-type blade 1 provides excellent starting performance for the fan, and ensures that the fan can start at low wind speed; the resistance-type blade 1 starts to rotate at low wind speed to drive the lift-type blade 3 to start rotating through the gear box 5, and then the lift-type blade 3 reaches a higher speed, so that the power generation efficiency is optimal;

[0027] The resistance-type blade 1 and the lift-type blade 3 are connected through gears and a speed changing device, and the two groups of resistance-type blades are coaxial, that is, they maintain the same speed.

[0028] The gear box 5 is installed below the resistance-type blade 1 to control the speed of the three groups of blades at one shaft and two speeds, so that the upper resistance-type blade 1 and the lower resistance-type blade 1 maintain the same speed; the resistance-type blade 1 and the lift-type blade 3 are connected through the gear box 5; the two groups of resistance-type blades 1 are directly connected with the inner shaft (middle shaft 4), and the lift-type blade 3 is directly connected with the middle shaft 4; after the resistance-type blade 1 starts to rotate, the inner shaft starts to rotate, and the lift-type blade 3 directly connected with the middle shaft 4 is driven to start rotating through the gear box 5; by setting the best tip speed ratio of the lift-type blade 3 and the resistance-type blade 1, when the resistance-type blade 1 reaches the best tip speed ratio, the separation device is started to make the lift-type blade 3 run independently to reach the best tip speed ratio; the difference between the tip speed ratio and the best tip speed ratio is used as an input signal, and the parameters in the PID controller are adjusted through the BP neural network in the control board to realize maximum power tracking.

[0029] The permanent magnet synchronous generator and the controller 6 are placed above the base 7, the control strategy adopts maximum power point tracking to ensure that the maximum wind energy is captured at different wind speeds; the generator uses an built-in permanent magnet synchronous generator, which has high rotor mechanical strength and low speed high torque characteristics, and can well improve the power generation efficiency.

Claims

1. A novel vertical axis wind turbine generator based on 3D printing technology, characterized in that, It includes two sets of drag-type blades (1) at the top and bottom, and a set of lift-type blades (3) installed between the two sets of drag-type blades (1).

2. The novel vertical axis wind turbine generator based on 3D printing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, A central shaft (4) is installed between the two sets of drag-type blades (1).

3. The novel vertical axis wind turbine generator based on 3D printing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting blade (3) has a blade support (2) installed on its inner wall.

4. The novel vertical axis wind turbine generator based on 3D printing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the gearbox (5), the permanent magnet synchronous generator and controller (6) and the base (7).

5. The novel vertical axis wind turbine generator based on 3D printing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sets of drag-type blades (1) consist of 8 spiral blades arranged in a circular array; The lifting blade (3) consists of five blades with an airfoil of NACA0012 arranged in a 72° circular array.

6. The novel vertical axis wind turbine generator based on 3D printing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two sets of drag-type blades (1) are respectively installed above and below the lift-type blades (3), and are mirror-symmetrical about the vertical center of the lift-type blades (3); The drag-type blade (1) and the lift-type blade (3) are connected by gears and a speed change device.

7. The novel vertical axis wind turbine generator based on 3D printing technology according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting blade (3) is installed on the outside of the central shaft (4).

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