Miniaturized ultra-wideband planar antenna structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the related technical field of ultra-wideband planar antennas, in particular to a miniaturized ultra-wideband planar antenna structure, which comprises an antenna substrate, a radiator, a coplanar waveguide line, a radio frequency connector, a first L-shaped groove, a second L-shaped groove and a grounding panel. According to the miniaturized ultra-wideband planar antenna structure, through a direct feeding mode of the coplanar conductive waveguide wire, a complex drilling process is avoided, the antenna structure is simplified, the propagation path of electromagnetic waves is optimized, the overall performance of the antenna is improved through an effective grounding system, and the miniaturized ultra-wideband planar antenna structure is suitable for miniaturized and high-performance ultra-wideband antenna application.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the related technical field of ultra wide band plane antenna, especially a kind of miniaturized ultra wide band plane antenna structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ultra-Wideband (UWB) plane antenna is a type of antenna designed to cover a very wide frequency range, suitable for application scenarios that require high data rate and low power consumption communication. This kind of antenna has the characteristics of compactness and lightness due to its planar structure, and is suitable for integration into various devices, especially those with strict requirements on size and weight.

[0003] The existing plane antenna has the following problems:

[0004] Limited bandwidth: the bandwidth of traditional microstrip antenna is narrow, which is difficult to cover ultra wide band (UWB) or multi-band requirements.

[0005] Large size: to realize wide frequency band, the size of antenna is often increased, which is not conducive to the integration of small devices.

[0006] Insufficient gain: low radiation efficiency in high frequency band, poor directivity, affecting communication quality.

[0007] Complex structure: some wideband antennas use multi-layer stacking or complex feed network, increasing manufacturing cost.

[0008] Therefore, a wideband, miniaturized, high-gain plane antenna structure is needed to solve the problems of narrow bandwidth, large size and low gain of traditional antennas. SUMMARY

[0009] The utility model solves the problems in the related art, proposes a kind of miniaturized ultra wide band plane antenna structure, by the way of coplanar waveguide line direct feeding, avoids complex drilling process, simplifies antenna structure, optimizes the propagation path of electromagnetic wave, and improves the overall performance of antenna by effective grounding system, suitable for the characteristics of miniaturized, high-performance ultra wide band antenna application.

[0010] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: a kind of miniaturized ultra wide band plane antenna structure, including antenna substrate, the radiation body being set on the upper end face of the antenna substrate, the coplanar waveguide line being electrically connected with the radiation body, the radio frequency connector being electrically connected with the coplanar waveguide line and being welded with the antenna substrate, the first L-shaped slot being set on the lower end face of the antenna substrate and being set relative to radiation body, the second L-shaped slot being oppositely arranged with the first L-shaped slot and the grounding panel being connected with the lower end face of the antenna substrate.

[0011] By adopting the technical scheme, the direct feeding mode of the coplanar waveguide line is adopted, complex drilling processes are avoided, the antenna structure is simplified, the electromagnetic wave propagation path is optimized, the overall performance of the antenna is improved through an effective grounding system, and the antenna is suitable for small-sized and high-performance ultra-wideband antenna applications.

[0012] As a preferred scheme, the antenna substrate is arranged as a flexible substrate, and the dielectric constant ε r =3.48, and the thickness of the antenna substrate is arranged as 1 mm-1.5 mm.

[0013] By adopting the technical scheme, the low dielectric constant helps to reduce the energy loss of the electric field, and the appropriate thickness ensures a good balance between mechanical flexibility and electrical performance, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of the antenna. In terms of working principle, the flexible substrate effectively absorbs and reduces the scattering and reflection of signal energy on the surface of the medium during the antenna signal transmission process, thereby improving the transmission efficiency and coverage range of the signal.

[0014] As a preferred scheme, the radiator includes a main radiation patch arranged on the upper end surface of the antenna substrate and a coupling parasitic patch uniformly arranged at the four corners of the outer periphery of the main radiation patch and magnetically coupled therewith.

[0015] By adopting the technical scheme, the main radiation patch is located on the upper end surface of the antenna substrate and is used for radiating main electromagnetic wave energy. The coupling parasitic patch uniformly arranged at the four corners interacts with the main radiation patch through magnetic coupling, enhances high-frequency resonance, and enables the antenna to effectively cover the ultra-wideband frequency band of 3.1-10.6 GHz. By arranging the coupling parasitic patch around the main radiation patch, the electromagnetic coupling effect is utilized, and the antenna significantly improves the radiation performance and matching degree in a specific high-frequency band, thereby realizing efficient and wideband wireless communication.

[0016] As a preferred scheme, the main radiation patch is arranged in one of a polygonal shape or an elliptical shape, and a sawtooth structure is uniformly arranged on the outer periphery thereof.

[0017] By adopting the technical scheme, the sawtooth structure uniformly arranged on the outer periphery of the main radiation patch optimizes the current distribution and thereby expands the bandwidth of the antenna. Specifically, the sawtooth structure can better control the flow path of the current along the edge of the radiation patch, reduce the unevenness of the current distribution, thereby improving the overall performance of the antenna and improving the range and stability of the working frequency band.

[0018] As a preferred scheme, the coplanar waveguide line is arranged as a 50Ω coplanar waveguide, and includes an impedance tapered line, and the width of the impedance tapered line is arranged as 1.2 mm to 2.4 mm.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the coplanar waveguide line serves as the key path for signal transmission, ensuring efficient signal transmission within a wide frequency band. The 50Ω coplanar waveguide line sets an appropriate impedance to match the signal source and other circuit elements, thereby avoiding signal reflection. The impedance taper gradually transitions from 1.2mm to 2.4mm in width, achieving smooth impedance matching with different devices and environments. This gradual design effectively reduces signal reflection and loss during transmission, optimizing electromagnetic field distribution. The gradual design of the overall feed line width ensures that the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) remains below 2.0 throughout the entire wide frequency band, including the transition section between 1.2mm and 2.4mm, thereby guaranteeing consistent and stable signal transmission. This design significantly improves transmission performance within the wide frequency band, reduces signal distortion, and provides a more reliable and stable signal transmission environment.

[0020] As a preferred solution, the pin of the radio frequency connector is electrically connected to the coplanar waveguide line, and the other end of the radio frequency connector is externally connected to an external circuit.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the radio frequency connector is a key component for connecting the antenna substrate and the external circuit. Its pin is electrically connected to the coplanar waveguide line on the antenna substrate through soldering, ensuring reliable signal transmission to the internal antenna substrate. The coplanar waveguide line is responsible for transmitting radio frequency signals within the antenna substrate. The other end of the radio frequency connector is connected to the external circuit through soldering, effectively connecting the antenna and the external circuit, ensuring reliable transmission of radio frequency signals to the external circuit. This connection method not only ensures the continuity and stability of signal transmission, but also avoids signal loss and interference during transmission, improving the overall performance of the system.

[0022] As a preferred solution, the first L-shaped slot and the second L-shaped slot are oppositely mirrored, and the first L-shaped slot and the second L-shaped slot are formed by etching.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the coupling feed formed with the radiator improves impedance matching, effectively adjusts the electromagnetic field distribution around the radiator, enhances the coupling effect between electromagnetic waves and the radiator, and optimizes the impedance matching of the entire system, reducing energy loss during signal transmission and improving the transmission efficiency and performance of the system.

[0024] As a preferred solution, a U-shaped slot is provided on the ground panel, and the open end of the U-shaped slot is arranged relative to the radio frequency connector.

[0025] By adopting the technical scheme, the ground panel as a key component for radio frequency signal transmission, the current distributed on the surface of the ground panel is prone to harmonic interference, and the opening design of the U-shaped groove can guide and limit the harmonic current, so that the harmonic current cannot propagate along the surface of the panel, thereby reducing the radiation loss and optimizing the signal transmission quality. This design not only improves the transmission efficiency of the signal in the high frequency range, but also significantly improves the overall electromagnetic compatibility of the equipment.

[0026] As a preferred scheme, the four corners of the ground panel are chamfered with a circular arc.

[0027] By adopting the technical scheme, the chamfering of the four corners with a circular arc can effectively reduce the diffraction of electromagnetic waves in the edge area, thereby optimizing the radiation and reception performance of the equipment and improving the concentration and directivity of the signal. In terms of working principle, by designing the four corners of the ground panel as a circular arc, the radial and tangential scattering of electromagnetic waves in the edge area can be effectively controlled, unnecessary scattering loss is reduced, and the directivity of the signal is improved and the radiation efficiency of the equipment is enhanced.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

[0029] The radiator is responsible for emitting and receiving electromagnetic waves, and the coplanar waveguide directly connects the antenna substrate and the radiator, realizes efficient and stable power supply, avoids the traditional drilling process, and simplifies the overall structure.

[0030] The radio frequency connector is connected with the antenna substrate in a welding mode, is used for connecting with an external circuit, and ensures the reliability of signal transmission.

[0031] The first L-shaped groove and the second L-shaped groove are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the antenna substrate respectively, play a role in optimizing the electromagnetic wave propagation path, and improve the performance of the antenna.

[0032] The ground panel is connected with the lower end surface of the antenna substrate, and together forms a ground system of the antenna, and further enhances the radiation characteristics of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is the overall structure schematic view of the miniaturized ultra-wideband planar antenna structure of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 It is another view structure schematic view of the radiator and the antenna substrate in the miniaturized ultra-wideband planar antenna structure of the utility model; Figure 1

[0035] Figure 3 It is the assembly drawing structure schematic view between the radiator and the antenna substrate in the miniaturized ultra-wideband planar antenna structure of the utility model;

[0036] ​Figure 4 is a structure schematic view of the antenna substrate partial section view in the miniaturized ultra-wideband planar antenna structure.

[0037] In the drawing:

[0038] 1, antenna substrate; 21, main radiation patch; 22, coupling parasitic patch; 3, coplanar waveguide line; 31, radio frequency connector; 41, first L-shaped slot; 42, second L-shaped slot; 5, ground plane; 51, U-shaped slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be apparently and completely described with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The description of the at least one exemplary embodiment is only illustrative in nature and by no means as any limitation to the present application and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort fall within the scope of the present application.

[0040] It is to be noted that the terms used herein are only intended to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and it should be understood that, when the term "comprising" and / or "including" is used in the specification, it means that the features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof are present.

[0041] The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application, unless otherwise specifically stated. At the same time, it should be understood that the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in proportion to the actual sizes. The techniques, methods and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail, but should be considered as part of the authorized specification, if appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary, and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments can have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0042] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the orientation words such as " front, rear, upper, lower, left, right " " horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal " and " top, bottom " and the orientation or position relation indicated in the drawing usually are based on the orientation or position relation shown in the drawing, only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore can not be understood as the limitation of the protection scope of the utility model, the orientation words " inner, outer " refer to the inner and outer of the contour of each component itself.

[0043] For the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as " above ", " above ", " upper surface ", " upper " and the like can be used herein to describe the spatial position relationship of one device or feature with other devices or features as shown in the drawing. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation of the device described in the drawing. For example, if the device in the drawing is inverted, the device described as " above other devices or structures " or " above other devices or structures " will be positioned " below other devices or structures " or " below other devices or structures ". Thus, the exemplary term " above " can include both " above " and " below ". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative description used herein is interpreted accordingly.

[0044] In addition, it should be noted that the use of " first ", " second " and the like to limit parts is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding parts, and the above words have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, therefore can not be understood as the limitation of the protection scope of the utility model.

[0045] As Figures 1 to 4 As shown in a kind of miniaturized ultra-wideband planar antenna structure, including antenna substrate 1, the radiation body of setting on the upper end surface of antenna substrate 1, with the coplanar waveguide 3 of electrically linking radiation body, with the radio frequency connector 31 of electrically connecting and being welded with antenna substrate 1 with coplanar waveguide 3, first L-shaped groove 41 being set in the lower end surface of antenna substrate 1 and being set relative to radiation body, second L-shaped groove 42 being oppositely arranged with first L-shaped groove 41 and the ground plane 5 being connected with the lower end surface of antenna substrate 1;In the utility model, through the direct feeding mode of coplanar waveguide 3, avoid complex drilling process, simplify antenna structure, optimize electromagnetic wave propagation path, and improve the overall performance of antenna through effective grounding system, suitable for miniaturized, high-performance ultra-wideband antenna application.

[0046] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the antenna substrate 1 is set as a flexible substrate, and the dielectric constant ε r =3.48, the thickness of the antenna substrate 1 is set as 1mm-1.5mm, the low dielectric constant helps to reduce the energy loss of the electric field, and the appropriate thickness ensures a good balance between mechanical flexibility and electrical performance, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of the antenna. In terms of working principle, the flexible substrate effectively absorbs and reduces the scattering and reflection of signal energy on the surface of the medium during the transmission of the antenna signal, thereby improving the transmission efficiency and coverage of the signal.

[0047] For details, please refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the radiator includes a main radiation patch 21 arranged on the upper end surface of the antenna substrate 1 and a coupling parasitic patch 22 arranged uniformly at the four corners of the outer periphery of the main radiation patch 21 and magnetically coupled thereto. The main radiation patch 21 is located on the upper end surface of the antenna substrate 1 and is used to radiate the main electromagnetic wave energy. The coupling parasitic patch 22 arranged uniformly at the four corners of the outer periphery interacts with the main radiation patch 21 through magnetic coupling, enhances high-frequency resonance, and enables the antenna to effectively cover the ultra-wideband frequency band of 3.1-10.6GHz. By arranging the coupling parasitic patch 22 around the main radiation patch 21, the electromagnetic coupling effect is utilized, which significantly improves the radiation performance and matching degree in a specific high-frequency band, thereby realizing efficient and wideband wireless communication.

[0048] For details, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the main radiation patch 21 is set as one of a polygon or an ellipse, and a sawtooth structure is uniformly arranged on the outer periphery thereof. The sawtooth structure uniformly arranged on the outer periphery of the main radiation patch 21 optimizes the current distribution and thereby expands the bandwidth of the antenna. Specifically, the sawtooth structure can better control the flow path of the current along the edge of the radiation patch, reduce the unevenness of the current distribution, thereby improving the overall performance of the antenna and increasing the range and stability of the operating frequency band.

[0049] For details, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, the coplanar waveguide line 3 is set to 50Ω coplanar waveguide, and includes an impedance taper line, the width of the impedance taper line is set to 1.2mm transition to 2.4mm, the width of the feed line is gradually changed, the standing wave ratio VSWR≤2.0 in the wide frequency band is realized, the coplanar waveguide line 3 acts as a key path for transmitting signals, ensuring efficient transmission of signals in a wide frequency band. The 50Ω coplanar waveguide line 3 is provided with appropriate impedance to match the signal source and other circuit elements, thereby avoiding signal reflection. The impedance taper line realizes smooth impedance matching between different devices and environments by gradually transitioning from 1.2mm to 2.4mm in width, which can effectively reduce signal reflection and loss during transmission, and optimize the distribution of electromagnetic fields. The gradual change of the overall feed line width ensures that the standing wave ratio VSWR is always below 2.0 in the entire wide frequency band, including the transition section between 1.2mm and 2.4mm, thereby ensuring the consistency and stability of signal transmission. This design can significantly improve the transmission performance in the wide frequency band, reduce signal distortion, and provide a more reliable and stable signal transmission environment.

[0050] For details, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The pins of the radio frequency connector are electrically connected to the coplanar waveguide line 3, and the other end of the radio frequency connector 31 is externally connected to the external circuit. The radio frequency connector 31 is a key component for connecting the antenna substrate 1 and the external circuit, and its pins are electrically connected to the coplanar waveguide line 3 on the antenna substrate 1 through soldering, ensuring that signals can be reliably transmitted to the inside of the antenna substrate 1. The coplanar waveguide line 3 is responsible for transmitting radio frequency signals inside the antenna substrate 1. The other end of the radio frequency connector 31 is connected to the external circuit through soldering, realizing effective connection between the antenna and the external circuit, thereby ensuring that radio frequency signals can be reliably transmitted to the external circuit. This connection method not only ensures the continuity and stability of signal transmission, but also avoids signal loss and interference during transmission, improving the overall performance of the system.

[0051] For details, please refer to Figure 4 The first L-shaped groove 41 and the second L-shaped groove 42 are oppositely mirror-imaged, and are formed by etching process. They form a coupling feed with the radiator, improve the impedance matching, can effectively adjust the electromagnetic field distribution around the radiator, enhance the coupling effect between electromagnetic wave and the radiator, and then optimize the impedance matching of the whole system, reduce the energy loss in the process of signal transmission, and improve the transmission efficiency and performance of the system. In terms of working principle, by etching the first L-shaped groove 41 and the second L-shaped groove 42 around the radiator, the local electromagnetic environment is changed, so that the electromagnetic wave can be efficiently coupled and transmitted between the radiator and the groove, and finally radiated outward through the radiator, realizing effective signal transmission and impedance matching.

[0052] For details, please refer toFigure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 The ground panel 5 is provided with a U-shaped groove 51, and the open end of the U-shaped groove 51 is arranged relative to the radio frequency connector 31. The ground panel 5 is a key component for radio frequency signal transmission, and the current distributed on its surface is prone to harmonic interference. The open design of the U-shaped groove 51 can guide and limit these harmonic currents, preventing them from propagating along the surface of the panel, thereby reducing radiation loss and optimizing signal transmission quality. This design not only improves the transmission efficiency of signals in the high frequency range, but also significantly improves the overall electromagnetic compatibility of the device. In terms of working principle, the U-shaped groove 51 traps and guides the surface current, limiting its propagation path on the panel, allowing high-frequency signals to be transmitted more concentratedly and efficiently, thereby improving the radiation performance and signal stability of the system.

[0053] For details, please refer to Figure 4 The four corners of the ground panel 5 are designed with a circular arc chamfer. The circular arc chamfer design of the four corners can effectively reduce the diffraction of electromagnetic waves in the edge area, thereby optimizing the radiation and reception performance of the device and improving the concentration and directivity of the signal. In terms of working principle, by designing the four corners of the ground panel 5 as a circular arc, the radial and tangential scattering of electromagnetic waves in the edge area can be effectively controlled, reducing unnecessary scattering loss and thereby improving the directivity of the signal and enhancing the radiation efficiency of the device.

[0054] The above is the preferred embodiment of the present application. The skilled person in the art can also make changes and modifications to the above embodiment. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments. Any obvious improvement, replacement or modification made by the skilled person in the art based on the present application shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A miniaturized ultra-wideband planar antenna structure, characterized by: The antenna includes an antenna substrate (1), a radiator arranged on the upper end face of the antenna substrate (1), a coplanar waveguide (3) electrically connected with the radiator, a radio frequency connector (31) electrically connected with the coplanar waveguide (3) and welded with the antenna substrate (1), a first L-shaped slot (41) arranged on the lower end face of the antenna substrate (1) and arranged opposite to the radiator, a second L-shaped slot (42) arranged opposite to the first L-shaped slot (41), and a ground panel (5) connected with the lower end face of the antenna substrate (1).

2. The compact ultra-wide band planar antenna structure of claim 1, wherein: The antenna substrate (1) is provided as a flexible substrate, and has a dielectric constant ε r = 3.48, and a thickness of 1 mm to 1.5 mm.

3. The compact ultra-wide band planar antenna structure of claim 2, wherein: The radiator includes a main radiation patch (21) arranged on the upper end face of the antenna substrate (1) and a coupling parasitic patch (22) arranged at the four corners of the periphery of the main radiation patch (21) and magnetically coupled with the main radiation patch (21).

4. The compact ultra-wide band planar antenna structure of claim 3, wherein: The main radiation patch (21) is arranged in one of a polygonal shape or an elliptical shape, and is uniformly provided with a sawtooth structure on the periphery thereof.

5. The compact ultra-wide band planar antenna structure of claim 4, wherein: The coplanar waveguide (3) is arranged as a 50Ω coplanar waveguide, and includes an impedance transition line, the width of the impedance transition line being arranged to transition from 1.2mm to 2.4mm.

6. The compact ultra-wide band planar antenna structure of claim 5, wherein: The pin of the radio frequency connector is electrically connected with the coplanar waveguide (3), and the other end of the radio frequency connector (31) is externally connected with an external circuit.

7. The compact ultra-wide band planar antenna structure of claim 6, wherein: The first L-shaped slot (41) and the second L-shaped slot (42) are arranged opposite to each other in a mirror image, and the first L-shaped slot (41) and the second L-shaped slot (42) are formed by an etching process.

8. The compact ultra-wide band planar antenna structure of claim 7, wherein: The ground panel (5) is provided with a U-shaped slot (51), and the opening end of the U-shaped slot (51) is arranged opposite to the radio frequency connector (31).

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