Water inlet structure in soil stratum

Abstract

The utility model provides a water inlet structure in a soil stratum, which belongs to the technical field of water inlet structures of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and comprises a water inlet tower and an open pressure hole arranged at the downstream of the water inlet tower, a separation pier is arranged at the top of the open pressure hole, a concrete plate is arranged at the top of the separation pier, and the concrete plate is flush with the top of the water inlet tower. The upstream of the open pressure hole is connected with a water inlet tower, a valve is arranged in the water inlet tower, and the downstream of the open pressure hole is communicated with a flood discharge hole. The upstream in the open pressure hole is of a square structure, and the downstream in the open pressure hole is of a circular structure. The open pressure hole is formed in the downstream of the water inlet tower, the partition pier is arranged on the top of the hole, and the top of the partition pier and the water inlet tower are integrally poured through the concrete beam slab, so that the structural safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of water intake structure in water conservancy and hydropower engineering, specifically relating to a water intake structure in soil strata. Background Technology

[0002] In water conservancy and hydropower projects, pressurized flood discharge tunnels generally adopt a shore tower type inlet arrangement, and the foundation of the inlet tower and the tunnel inlet are generally arranged in weakly weathered rock strata.

[0003] Publication number CN212052875U discloses an inlet structure, specifically a vertical shaft spillway inlet structure, belonging to the field of hydraulic structure design and construction technology. It provides a simple, flexible, and powerful vertical shaft spillway inlet structure. The vertical shaft spillway inlet structure includes a vertical shaft body and a spillway body connected to the output end of the vertical shaft body. The inlet structure also includes a flow enhancement system, which is installed at the inlet of the vertical shaft body. During flood discharge, the flow enhancement system increases the flow rate of floodwater entering the vertical shaft body. It is not suitable for geological conditions with poor inlet tunnel formation.

[0004] Due to geological conditions, if the tunnel entrance is located in a soil stratum or a completely weathered rock stratum, the conditions for tunnel construction are poor, and the thickness of the weakly weathered rock mass above the tunnel roof cannot meet the industry standard requirements.

[0005] To solve this problem, the engineering practice often adopts the measure of "late entry into the tunnel" (such as...). Figure 1 The proposed solution involves moving the intake tower downstream along the tunnel axis into the rock strata to meet regulatory requirements. However, this measure increases the length of the upstream water diversion channel and the height of the soil slopes on both sides of the channel, increasing the difficulty of slope support and ultimately leading to increased investment in slope protection. Furthermore, this measure carries significant operational risks in the long term; if the underwater high soil slopes on both sides of the water diversion channel collapse, they will block the intake and cause the flood discharge tunnel to permanently fail. Utility Model Content

[0006] To overcome the problem that the increased length of the upstream water diversion channel of the existing water intake tower, along with the increased height of the soil slopes on both sides of the water diversion channel, increases the difficulty of slope support and ultimately leads to increased investment in slope protection, this utility model provides a water intake structure in the soil strata. This utility model sets up an open pressurized tunnel downstream of the water intake tower, with a partition pier at the top of the tunnel. The top of the partition pier and the water intake tower are integrally cast with a concrete beam and slab to improve structural safety.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A water inlet structure in a soil stratum includes an intake tower and an exposed pressurized tunnel located downstream of the intake tower. The exposed pressurized tunnel has a partition pier on top, and a concrete slab is placed on top of the partition pier. The concrete slab is flush with the top of the intake tower.

[0009] The upstream of the aforementioned pressurized tunnel is connected to the intake tower, which is equipped with a valve. The downstream of the aforementioned pressurized tunnel is connected to the flood discharge tunnel.

[0010] The upstream section of the aforementioned pressurized tunnel has a square structure, while the downstream section has a circular structure.

[0011] A copper waterstop is installed at the location where the downstream of the pressure tunnel connects to the flood discharge tunnel.

[0012] The upstream and downstream sides of the aforementioned pier are filled with rammed clay.

[0013] A retaining wall is provided upstream of the aforementioned pier, and the height of the retaining wall does not exceed 3 meters.

[0014] The upstream area of ​​the pier is filled with rammed clay, and the water-facing side is protected by a slope protection system. The slope ratio of the clay backfill on the water-facing side is 1:m, where m = 2 to 2.5.

[0015] The slope protection is a concrete structure with a thickness of at least 30cm.

[0016] The thickness of the pier is at least 1m.

[0017] The length of the concrete slab when arranged in a single span shall not exceed 10m.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] This utility model sets up an open pressurized tunnel downstream of the water intake tower, with a partition pier (which also serves as a seepage prevention wall) on the top of the tunnel. The top of the partition pier and the water intake tower are integrally cast using a concrete beam slab (which also serves as a traffic bridge on the top of the tower) to improve structural safety. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal profile of the "late entry into the cave" measure.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal section view of an inlet structure in a soil stratum.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a plan view of an inlet structure in a soil stratum.

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view 1-1.

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view 2-2.

[0025] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view 3-3.

[0026] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view 4-4.

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] In the figure, the attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0029] 1. Water intake tower; 2. Exposed pressure tunnel; 3. Divider pier; 4. Concrete slab; 5. Slope protection; 6. Retaining wall; 7. Valve; 8. Flood discharge tunnel; 9. Copper waterstop. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] The accompanying drawings show various structural schematic diagrams according to embodiments of the present invention. These drawings are not to scale, and some details have been enlarged and may have been omitted for clarity. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] To overcome the problem that increasing the length of the upstream water diversion channel of the existing water intake tower, while simultaneously increasing the height of the soil slopes on both sides of the diversion channel, increases the difficulty of slope support and ultimately leads to increased investment in slope protection, this utility model provides the following... Figures 2-7 The present invention describes a water inlet structure in a soil stratum. In this invention, a section of pressurized tunnel is set downstream of the water inlet tower, and a partition pier is set on the top of the tunnel. The top of the partition pier and the water inlet tower are integrally cast with concrete beams and slabs to improve the structural safety.

[0034] A water inlet structure in a soil stratum includes a water inlet tower 1 and an open pressurized tunnel 2 located downstream of the water inlet tower 1. The top of the open pressurized tunnel 2 is provided with a partition 3, and the top of the partition 3 is provided with a concrete slab 4. The concrete slab 4 is flush with the top of the water inlet tower 1.

[0035] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the water inlet structure in the soil strata provided by this utility model is arranged at the inlet of the flood discharge tunnel 8. When the geological conditions at the inlet of the flood discharge tunnel 8 are poor and a tunnel cannot be constructed, an exposed pressurized tunnel 2 is arranged upstream of the tunnel entrance, and is integrally cast with the water intake tower 1 using concrete. A concrete pier 3 is set on the top of the exposed pressurized tunnel 2, and the height of the pier 3 is the same as the design height of the water intake tower 1. A concrete slab 4 is set on the top of the pier 3 and integrally cast with the top of the water intake tower 1 to improve the structural safety of the water inlet. The concrete slab 4 is used as a traffic bridge on the top of the tower, and the span L of the traffic bridge does not exceed 10m.

[0036] In this invention, the water flow direction is from valve 7 to the open pressurized tunnel 2 and finally into the flood discharge tunnel 8.

[0037] This invention provides an exposed pressurized tunnel 2 downstream of the intake tower 1, with a pier 3 (also serving as a seepage barrier) installed on top of the pressurized tunnel 2. The top of the pier 3 is integrally cast with the intake tower 1 using a concrete slab 4 (also serving as a traffic bridge at the top of the tower) to improve structural safety. This invention provides an intake structure in soil strata that ensures it will not destroy the downstream spillway tunnel 8.

[0038] In this invention, the pressure tunnel 2, the partition 3, the concrete slab 4, and the water intake tower 1 are integrally cast with reinforced concrete. All structures in this invention utilize reinforced concrete, which is inexpensive and easy to cast. The overall structure of this invention is simple, ensuring that the inlet will not be blocked, thus preventing the flood discharge tunnel 8 from permanently failing.

[0039] Example 2:

[0040] Based on Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, preferably, the upstream of the open pressure tunnel 2 is connected to the water intake tower 1, the water intake tower 1 is equipped with a valve 7, and the downstream of the open pressure tunnel 2 is connected to the flood discharge tunnel 8.

[0041] Preferably, the upstream part of the pressure hole 2 has a square structure, and the downstream part has a circular structure.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the pressurized tunnel 2 in this invention has a through hole inside, and the through hole has a square-to-round structure. Specifically, one end of the through hole is square and is matched and connected to the valve 7 provided at the lower end of the water inlet tower 1 to ensure that the incoming water can completely enter the through hole inside the pressurized tunnel 2 of this invention; the other end of the through hole is round and is matched and connected to the flood discharge tunnel 8 to ensure that the water passing through the pressurized tunnel 2 can directly enter the flood discharge tunnel 8 without leakage.

[0043] Preferably, a copper waterstop 9 is provided at the position where the downstream of the pressurized tunnel 2 connects to the flood discharge tunnel 8.

[0044] In this invention, copper waterstops 9 are installed at cracked or jointed locations to further ensure that there is no leakage between the exposed pressurized tunnel 2 and the downstream flood discharge tunnel 8.

[0045] Preferably, the upstream and downstream sides of the pier 3 are filled with rammed clay.

[0046] Preferably, a retaining wall 6 is provided upstream of the partition 3, and the height of the retaining wall 6 does not exceed 3 meters.

[0047] Preferably, the upstream area of ​​the dam 3 with rammed clay is protected by a slope protection 5, and the slope ratio of the clay backfill on the upstream side is 1:m, where m = 2 to 2.5.

[0048] Preferably, the slope protection 5 is a concrete structure with a thickness of at least 30cm.

[0049] Preferably, the thickness of the partition 3 is at least 1m.

[0050] In this invention, the diameter D of the pressurized tunnel 2 is determined through hydraulic calculations, while the length of the pressurized tunnel 2 needs to be determined based on the inlet geological conditions. The determination of the tunnel diameter and length is a mature existing technology and will not be described in detail in this invention.

[0051] In this utility model, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, retaining wall 6 is the supporting structure for the backfill clay upstream of pier 3 and slope protection 5. Retaining wall 6 is a concrete gravity structure with a height not exceeding 3m.

[0052] In this utility model, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, slope protection 5 is a protective structure for backfilled clay upstream of pier 3, and it is made of concrete with a thickness of 30cm.

[0053] In this invention, the thickness of the pier 3 is preferably 1m, determined based on the height and structural calculations of the pier 3. In this invention, the pier 3 serves as a seepage barrier and also as a supporting structure for the traffic bridge at the top of the tower. When the pier 3 serves as a supporting structure for the traffic bridge, one to two piers 3 can be installed as needed, depending on the bridge span L. The upstream and downstream sections of the pier 3 are filled with rammed clay (clay permeability coefficient k < 1 × 10⁻⁶). -5 cm / s). The slope ratio of the clay backfill on the water-facing side is 1:m, where m = 2 to 2.5.

[0054] In this invention, the upstream and downstream areas of the partition 3 are both filled with rammed clay, and the clay permeability coefficient k < 1 × 10⁻⁶. - 5cm / s, which needs to meet the seepage prevention requirements. Pier 3 also serves as a seepage prevention wall, forming a complete seepage prevention system with the clay.

[0055] Preferably, the length of the concrete slab 4 when arranged in a single span does not exceed 10m.

[0056] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, in this utility model, the concrete slab 4 serves as the traffic bridge at the top of the tower. Depending on the span of the traffic bridge, the concrete slab 4 can be designed as a separate concrete slab (when the bridge span L is less than 8m) with a thickness of 50cm; or it can be designed as a slab-beam structure (when the bridge span L is greater than 8m and less than 10m). The beam dimensions are determined by structural calculations based on the load-bearing conditions of the traffic bridge.

[0057] In this utility model, when the concrete slab 4 is arranged in a single span, its length does not exceed 10m; when the concrete slab 4 is arranged in multiple spans, 1 to 2 piers 3 can be set as needed.

[0058] In its specific implementation, this utility model involves first excavating upstream of the spillway 8 to the designed location, then constructing the pressurized tunnel 2 using reinforced concrete. A pier 3 is then installed on top of the pressurized tunnel 2, and a concrete slab 4 is integrally cast on top of the pier 3 and the top of the water intake tower 1 to improve the structural safety of the intake. The cast concrete slab 4 serves as a traffic bridge atop the tower, with a span L not exceeding 10m.

[0059] This utility model is equipped with a retaining wall 6 and a slope protection 5, which avoids the problem that if the underwater high soil slopes on both sides landslide, they will block the water inlet and cause the flood discharge tunnel to permanently fail.

[0060] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0061] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0062] The examples above are merely illustrative of this utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. All designs that are identical or similar to this utility model fall within the scope of protection of this utility model. Device structures and method steps not described in detail in this utility model are existing technologies and will not be further described in this utility model.

Claims

1. A water inlet structure in a soil stratum, comprising an inlet tower (1), characterized in that: It includes an open pressurized tunnel (2) located downstream of the water intake tower (1), with a partition (3) on the top of the open pressurized tunnel (2), and a concrete slab (4) on the top of the partition (3), the concrete slab (4) being flush with the top of the water intake tower (1).

2. The water inlet structure in a soil stratum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upstream of the open pressure tunnel (2) is connected to the water intake tower (1), and the water intake tower (1) is equipped with a valve (7). The downstream of the open pressure tunnel (2) is connected to the flood discharge tunnel (8).

3. The water inlet structure in a soil stratum according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upstream of the aforementioned pressurized tunnel (2) has a square structure, and the downstream has a circular structure.

4. The water inlet structure in a soil stratum according to claim 2, characterized in that: A copper waterstop (9) is installed at the location where the downstream of the pressure tunnel (2) connects to the flood discharge tunnel (8).

5. The water inlet structure in a soil stratum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upstream and downstream sides of the aforementioned partition (3) are filled with rammed clay.

6. The water inlet structure in a soil stratum according to claim 5, characterized in that: A retaining wall (6) is provided upstream of the pier (3), and the height of the retaining wall (6) does not exceed 3 meters.

7. The water inlet structure in a soil stratum according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upstream area of ​​the pier (3) is filled with rammed clay and the water-facing side is protected by a slope protection (5). The slope ratio of the clay backfill on the water-facing side is 1:m, where m = 2 to 2.

5.

8. The water inlet structure in a soil stratum according to claim 7, characterized in that: The slope protection (5) is a concrete structure with a thickness of at least 30cm.

9. The water inlet structure in a soil stratum according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the partition (3) is at least 1m.

10. The water inlet structure in a soil stratum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the concrete slab (4) when arranged in a single span shall not exceed 10m.

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