Axle with limited slip differential

Abstract

The utility model discloses an axle with a limited slip differential, which comprises an axle housing, a driven bevel gear, a first half shaft bevel gear and a second half shaft bevel gear are mounted in the axle housing, a plurality of double-sided friction plates or synchronous steel plates are mounted on the driven bevel gear, and a plurality of synchronous steel plates or double-sided friction plates are correspondingly mounted on the first half shaft bevel gear. The plurality of double-sided friction plates and the plurality of synchronous steel sheets are alternately arranged, and the pressing device is used for pressing the plurality of double-sided friction plates and the plurality of synchronous steel sheets together. The axle is particularly useful in muddy or uneven terrain and farmland operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle axle technology, specifically to a vehicle axle with a limited-slip differential. Background Technology

[0002] Existing axles, such as Chinese patent CN2640782Y, disclose an integral front drive axle for tractors, mainly composed of a central drive, differential, housing, constant velocity universal joint, and end drive. The central drive includes a pair of bevel gears, the differential includes left and right half-shaft gears and two planetary gears, and the end drive consists of a single-stage planetary mechanism. Power is transmitted from the bevel gears of the central drive to the front axle, then through the differential and universal joint drive shaft to the sun gear of the end drive, and finally through the planetary mechanism to the wheel hub, thus achieving power transmission. The power transmission route is simple and the transmission efficiency is high.

[0003] The above-mentioned technical solutions have the following drawbacks: insufficient passability and stability in complex terrain. To address the problem of insufficient passability and stability of ordinary front axles in complex terrain, front axles with limited-slip differentials have been developed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an axle with a limited-slip differential and its usage method to address the above problems, thereby limiting the speed difference between the two wheels and improving the stability and driving force distribution of the tractor when turning or when one wheel slips.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model discloses an axle with a limited-slip differential, including an axle housing. A driven bevel gear, a first half-shaft bevel gear, and a second half-shaft bevel gear are installed inside the axle housing. The first half-shaft bevel gear is connected to a first half-shaft, and the second half-shaft bevel gear is connected to a second half-shaft. A plurality of double-sided friction plates or synchronizing steel plates are installed on the driven bevel gear, and a plurality of synchronizing steel plates or double-sided friction plates are correspondingly installed on the first half-shaft bevel gear. The plurality of double-sided friction plates and the plurality of synchronizing steel plates are alternately arranged. The axle also includes a clamping device for pressing the plurality of double-sided friction plates and the plurality of synchronizing steel plates together.

[0006] Under normal driving conditions, several double-sided friction plates and several synchronized steel plates are in a separated state, and the differential allows the left and right wheels to freely differentiate speeds to meet turning requirements. If a wheel slips or the vehicle is understeer, the clamping device presses the double-sided friction plates and synchronized steel plates together. When one wheel slips, the double-sided friction plates and synchronized steel plates are pressed together, and the driven bevel gear, the first half-shaft bevel gear, and the second half-shaft bevel gear engage as a whole. The limited-slip differential can quickly transfer driving force to the other wheel, distributing the entire power to both wheels, thereby improving the vehicle's ability to get out of trouble and its driving stability. This type of axle is particularly useful in muddy or uneven terrain and in agricultural operations.

[0007] Preferably, the clamping device includes a piston and a drive structure for driving the piston.

[0008] Under normal driving conditions, the piston is away from the double-sided friction plates and synchronizer plates, and the differential allows the left and right wheels to freely differential, meeting cornering requirements. If the wheels slip or the vehicle is understeer, the piston presses several double-sided friction plates and several synchronizer plates together. This structure is simple and easy to use.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a differential housing, with the driven bevel gear fixedly connected to the outside of the differential housing, and the first half-shaft bevel gear rotatably connected to the inside of the differential housing. Several double-sided friction plates or synchronous steel plates are located on the inner wall of the differential housing. The drive structure includes a first oil port located on the side of the piston away from the double-sided friction plates or synchronous steel plates. Hydraulic oil enters the differential housing through the first oil port and hydraulically drives the piston to move.

[0010] Under normal driving conditions, no hydraulic oil enters the differential housing through the first oil port. The piston is away from the double-sided friction plates and the synchronization steel plates, and the double-sided friction plates and synchronization steel plates are separated. The differential allows the left and right wheels to freely differential, meeting the needs of cornering. If the wheels are slipping or the vehicle is understeering, hydraulic oil enters the differential housing through the first oil port, hydraulically pushing the piston to move and pressing several double-sided friction plates and several synchronization steel plates together. This structure is simple and easy to use.

[0011] Alternatively, the drive structure includes an electromagnet located on the side of the piston away from the double-sided friction plates or synchronizing steel plates, with a permanent magnet mounted on the piston. When the electromagnet is energized, it drives the piston to move through magnetic force.

[0012] Under normal driving conditions, the electromagnet is not activated, the piston is away from the double-sided friction plates and the synchronizing steel plates, and the double-sided friction plates and the synchronizing steel plates are separated. The differential allows the left and right wheels to freely differential, meeting the needs of cornering. If the wheels are slipping or the vehicle is understeer, the electromagnet is activated, and the piston is driven by magnetic force to move, pressing several double-sided friction plates and several synchronizing steel plates together. This structure is simple and easy to use.

[0013] Preferably, the differential housing has a toothed back sleeve that can be fitted onto the first half-shaft. The first oil port is located at the connection between the toothed back sleeve and the differential housing at the end where it extends into the differential housing. A second oil port is provided on the side of the toothed back sleeve that extends out of the differential housing. A first oil passage is provided on the toothed back sleeve that connects the first oil port and the second oil port. A sealing sleeve is placed between the axle housing and the toothed back sleeve. A second oil passage is provided on the sealing sleeve that corresponds to the second oil port. Two sealing rings are placed between the sealing sleeve and the toothed back sleeve. The two sealing rings are located on both sides of the second oil port. A third oil passage is provided on the axle housing that corresponds to the second oil passage.

[0014] During use, the hydraulic oil passes through the third oil passage, the second oil passage, the second oil port, the first oil passage, and the first oil port in sequence before entering the differential housing, making it convenient to use.

[0015] Preferably, the first oil port is positioned facing the piston.

[0016] When in use, it facilitates the movement of the piston by hydraulic oil.

[0017] Preferably, the differential housing includes a back differential housing and a surface differential housing. A surface flange is connected to the surface differential housing. The connecting bolts pass through the back differential housing and the surface flange in sequence and are then threadedly connected to the driven bevel gear.

[0018] This structure facilitates the installation of the tooth back difference housing, tooth surface difference housing, and driven bevel gear.

[0019] Preferably, a planetary gear shaft is mounted on the tooth surface housing, and a planetary gear is mounted on the planetary gear shaft. Both the first half-shaft bevel gear and the second half-shaft bevel gear mesh with the planetary gear.

[0020] Under normal driving conditions, the piston is away from the double-sided friction plates and the synchronization steel plates. With the double-sided friction plates and the synchronization steel plates separated, the differential allows the left and right wheels to freely differential, meeting the turning requirements.

[0021] Preferably, the tooth surface housing is connected to a tooth surface sleeve that can be fitted onto the second half-shaft.

[0022] This structure facilitates the installation between the differential housing and the bridge housing.

[0023] A method of using an axle with a limited-slip differential as described above includes the following steps:

[0024] Step S1: The processing unit receives the signal from the acquisition unit and determines whether the wheels are slipping or the vehicle is understeering.

[0025] In step S2, if the wheels are slipping or the vehicle is understeering, the processing unit controls the pressing device to press several double-sided friction plates and several synchronous steel plates together.

[0026] When one wheel slips, several double-sided friction plates and several synchronous steel plates are pressed together, and the driven bevel gear, the first half-shaft bevel gear and the second half-shaft bevel gear are combined into a whole. The limited-slip differential can quickly transfer the driving force to the other wheel, so that the entire power is distributed to the two wheels, thereby improving the vehicle's ability to get out of trouble and driving stability. This type of axle is especially useful in muddy or uneven terrain and in farmland operations.

[0027] Preferably, in step S1, when a certain wheel speed... With reference speed When the difference between the values ​​is greater than or equal to a preset value, the wheel is considered to be slipping; when the vehicle's angular velocity... With reference angular velocity When the difference between the values ​​is greater than or equal to the preset value, the vehicle is considered to be in an understeering state.

[0028] In step S2, the frictional force between the plurality of double-sided friction plates and the plurality of synchronous steel plates The calculation formula is:

[0029] ;

[0030] or,

[0031] ;

[0032] in, This represents the frictional force after several double-sided friction plates and several synchronous steel plates are fully pressed together.

[0033] The processing unit continuously adjusts the hydraulic pressure based on real-time road conditions, achieving stepless adjustment from fully open to highly locked. This increases the friction between the friction plates, limiting the speed difference within the differential. Higher pressure results in a greater lock-up ratio, and torque distribution is biased towards the wheel with higher traction.

[0034] In summary, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an axle with a limited-slip differential according to this utility model.

[0036] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle.

[0037] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of part B in the middle.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a differential in a vehicle axle with a limited-slip differential according to this utility model.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. First half-shaft; 2. Second half-shaft; 3. Drive shaft; 4. First half-shaft bevel gear; 5. Second half-shaft bevel gear; 6. Drive bevel gear; 7. Tooth back difference housing; 8. Tooth back sleeve; 9. Tooth back bearing; 10. Connecting bolt; 11. Tooth surface difference housing; 12. Tooth surface flange; 13. Driven bevel gear; 14. Planetary gear; 15. Planetary gear shaft; 16. Planetary gear support; 17. Locating pin; 18. Tooth surface sleeve; 19. Tooth surface bearing; 20. Second oil port; 21. First oil passage; 22. First oil port; 23. Piston; 24. Double-sided friction plate; 25. Synchronizing steel plate; 26. Second oil passage; 27. Third oil passage; 28. Sealing sleeve; 29. ​​Sealing ring; 30. Tooth back lock nut; 31. Tooth back bearing seat; 32. Tooth surface bearing seat; 33. Tooth surface lock nut; 34. Bridge housing. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit its scope.

[0041] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0042] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0043] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0044] Example 1, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, an axle with a limited-slip differential includes an axle housing 34. A driven bevel gear 13, a first half-shaft bevel gear 4, and a second half-shaft bevel gear 5 are installed within the axle housing 34. The first half-shaft bevel gear 4 is connected to a first half-shaft 1, and the second half-shaft bevel gear 5 is connected to a second half-shaft 2. A driving bevel gear 6 meshes with the driven bevel gear 13 and is connected to a driving shaft 3. A plurality of double-sided friction plates 24 or synchronous steel plates 25 are mounted on the driven bevel gear 13, and a plurality of synchronous steel plates 25 or double-sided friction plates 24 are correspondingly mounted on the first half-shaft bevel gear 4. The double-sided friction plates 24 and synchronous steel plates 25 are alternately arranged. The axle also includes a clamping device for pressing the double-sided friction plates 24 and synchronous steel plates 25 together. Under normal driving conditions, the double-sided friction plates 24 and synchronous steel plates 25 are in a separated state, and the differential allows the left and right wheels to freely differential, meeting cornering requirements. If a wheel is slipping or the vehicle is understeer, the clamping device presses several double-sided friction plates 24 and several synchronous steel plates 25 together. When one wheel slips, the double-sided friction plates 24 and several synchronous steel plates 25 are pressed together, and the driven bevel gear 13, the first half-shaft bevel gear 4, and the second half-shaft bevel gear 5 are combined into a whole. The limited-slip differential can quickly transfer the driving force to the other wheel, so that the entire power is distributed to both wheels, thereby improving the vehicle's ability to get out of trouble and driving stability. This type of axle is especially useful in muddy or uneven terrain and in farmland operations.

[0045] Specifically, the clamping device includes a piston 23 and a drive structure for driving the piston 23. Under normal driving conditions, the piston 23 is away from the double-sided friction plates 24 and the synchronous steel plates 25, and the double-sided friction plates 24 and the synchronous steel plates 25 are separated. The differential allows the left and right wheels to freely differential, meeting turning requirements. If the wheels are slipping or the vehicle is understeer, the piston 23 presses several double-sided friction plates 24 and several synchronous steel plates 25 together. This structure is simple and easy to use. It also includes a differential housing, with the driven bevel gear 13 fixedly connected to the outside of the differential housing, and the first half-shaft bevel gear 4 rotatably connected to the inside of the differential housing. Several double-sided friction plates 24 or synchronous steel plates 25 are located on the inner wall of the differential housing. The drive structure includes a first oil port 22 located on the side of the piston 23 away from the double-sided friction plates 24 or synchronous steel plates 25. Hydraulic oil enters the differential housing through the first oil port 22, hydraulically driving the piston 23 to move. Under normal driving conditions, no hydraulic oil enters the differential housing through the first oil port 22. The piston 23 is away from the double-sided friction plates 24 and the synchronizer plates 25, and the double-sided friction plates 24 and the synchronizer plates 25 are separated. The differential allows the left and right wheels to freely differential, meeting the turning requirements. If the wheels are slipping or the vehicle is understeering, hydraulic oil enters the differential housing through the first oil port 22, hydraulically pushing the piston 23 to move, pressing several double-sided friction plates 24 and several synchronizer plates 25 together. This structure is simple and easy to use. In another embodiment, the drive structure includes an electromagnet located on the side of the piston 23 away from the double-sided friction plates 24 or synchronizer plates 25. A permanent magnet is installed on the piston 23. When the electromagnet is energized, it pushes the piston 23 to move through magnetic force. Under normal driving conditions, the electromagnet is not activated, the piston 23 is away from the double-sided friction plates 24 and the synchronizer plates 25, and the double-sided friction plates 24 and the synchronizer plates 25 are separated. The differential allows the left and right wheels to freely differential, meeting the turning requirements. If the wheels are slipping or the vehicle is understeering, the electromagnet activates, using magnetic force to move the piston 23, pressing several double-sided friction plates 24 and several synchronous steel plates 25 together. This structure is simple and easy to use.

[0046] Specifically, the differential housing has a toothed back sleeve 8 that can be fitted onto the first half-shaft 1. A first oil port 22 is located at the connection point between the toothed back sleeve 8 extending into the differential housing and the differential housing itself. A second oil port 20 is provided on the side of the toothed back sleeve 8 extending out of the differential housing. A first oil passage 21 connecting the first oil port 22 and the second oil port 20 is provided on the toothed back sleeve 8. A sealing sleeve 28 is placed between the bridge housing 34 and the toothed back sleeve 8. A second oil passage 26 corresponding to the second oil port 20 is provided on the sealing sleeve 28. Two sealing rings 29 are placed between the sealing sleeve 28 and the toothed back sleeve 8, located on either side of the second oil port 20. A third oil passage 27 corresponding to the second oil passage 26 is provided on the bridge housing 34. In use, hydraulic oil enters the differential housing sequentially through the third oil passage 27, the second oil passage 26, the second oil port 20, the first oil passage 21, and the first oil port 22, facilitating operation. The first oil port 22 faces the piston 23. When in use, it facilitates the movement of piston 23 by hydraulic oil.

[0047] Specifically, the differential housing includes a back-tooth differential housing 7 and a front-tooth differential housing 11. A front-tooth flange 12 is connected to the front-tooth differential housing 11. Connecting bolts 10 pass through the back-tooth differential housing 7 and the front-tooth flange 12 in sequence and are threadedly connected to the driven bevel gear 13. This structure facilitates the installation of the back-tooth differential housing 7, the front-tooth differential housing 11, and the driven bevel gear 13. A planetary gear shaft 15 is mounted on the front-tooth differential housing 11, and a planetary gear 14 is mounted on the planetary gear shaft 15. The first half-shaft bevel gear 4 and the second half-shaft bevel gear 5 both mesh with the planetary gear 14. Specifically, a planetary gear bracket 16 is connected to the front-tooth differential housing 11, and a locating pin 17 for fixing the planetary gear shaft 15 is mounted on the planetary gear bracket 16. Under normal driving conditions, the piston 23 is away from the double-sided friction plate 24 and the synchronizing steel plate 25. With the double-sided friction plate 24 and the synchronizing steel plate 25 separated, the differential allows the left and right wheels to freely differential, meeting the turning requirements. A tooth surface sleeve 18, which can be fitted onto the second half-shaft 2, is connected to the tooth surface differential housing 11. A tooth back bearing seat 31 is installed inside the back differential housing 7, and a tooth back bearing 9 is installed between the tooth back sleeve 8 and the tooth back bearing seat 31. A tooth surface bearing seat 32 is installed inside the tooth surface differential housing 11, and a tooth surface bearing 19 is installed between the tooth surface sleeve 18 and the tooth surface bearing seat 32. A tooth back locking nut 30 is connected to the end of the back differential housing 7, and a tooth surface locking nut 33 is connected to the end of the tooth surface differential housing 11. This structure facilitates the installation between the differential housing and the bridge housing 34.

[0048] A method of using an axle with a limited-slip differential as described in Example 1 includes the following steps:

[0049] Step S1: The processing unit receives the signal from the acquisition unit and determines whether the wheels are slipping or the vehicle is understeering.

[0050] In step S2, if the wheels are slipping or the vehicle is understeering, the processing unit controls the pressing device to press several double-sided friction plates 24 and several synchronous steel plates 25 together.

[0051] When one wheel slips, several double-sided friction plates 24 and several synchronous steel plates 25 are pressed together, and the driven bevel gear 13, the first half-shaft bevel gear 4 and the second half-shaft bevel gear 5 are combined into a whole. The limited-slip differential can quickly transfer the driving force to the other wheel, so that the entire power is distributed to both wheels, thereby improving the vehicle's ability to get out of trouble and driving stability. This type of axle is especially useful in muddy or uneven terrain and in farmland operations.

[0052] Specifically, in step S1, when a certain wheel rotates at a certain speed... With reference speed When the difference between the values ​​is greater than or equal to a preset value, the wheel is considered to be slipping; when the vehicle's angular velocity... With reference angular velocity When the difference between the values ​​is greater than or equal to the preset value, the vehicle is considered to be in an understeering state.

[0053] In step S2, the frictional force between the plurality of double-sided friction plates 24 and the plurality of synchronous steel plates 25 The calculation formula is:

[0054] ;

[0055] or,

[0056] ;

[0057] in, The value of the friction force after several double-sided friction plates 24 and several synchronous steel plates 25 are fully pressed together.

[0058] The processing unit continuously adjusts the hydraulic pressure based on real-time road conditions, achieving stepless adjustment from fully open to highly locked. This increases the friction between the friction plates, limiting the speed difference within the differential. Higher pressure results in a greater lock-up ratio, and torque distribution is biased towards the wheel with higher traction.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An axle with a limited-slip differential, comprising an axle housing (34), wherein a driven bevel gear (13), a first half-shaft bevel gear (4), and a second half-shaft bevel gear (5) are installed within the axle housing (34), the first half-shaft bevel gear (4) is connected to a first half-shaft (1), and the second half-shaft bevel gear (5) is connected to a second half-shaft (2), characterized in that, A number of double-sided friction plates (24) or synchronous steel plates (25) are installed on the driven bevel gear (13), and a number of synchronous steel plates (25) or double-sided friction plates (24) are correspondingly installed on the first half-shaft bevel gear (4). The number of double-sided friction plates (24) and the number of synchronous steel plates (25) are alternately arranged, and a pressing device is also included for pressing the number of double-sided friction plates (24) and the number of synchronous steel plates (25) together.

2. The limited slip axle of claim 1, wherein, The clamping device includes a piston (23) and a drive structure for driving the piston (23).

3. The limited slip axle of claim 2, wherein, It also includes a differential housing, a driven bevel gear (13) is fixedly connected to the outside of the differential housing, a first half-shaft bevel gear (4) is rotatably connected to the inside of the differential housing, and several double-sided friction plates (24) or synchronous steel plates (25) are located on the inner side wall of the differential housing; the drive structure includes a first oil port (22) located on the side of the piston (23) away from the double-sided friction plates (24) or synchronous steel plates (25), hydraulic oil enters the differential housing through the first oil port (22), and the piston (23) is driven to move by hydraulic pressure; or, the drive structure includes an electromagnet located on the side of the piston (23) away from the double-sided friction plates (24) or synchronous steel plates (25), a permanent magnet is installed on the piston (23), the electromagnet is energized, and the piston (23) is driven to move by magnetic force.

4. The limited slip axle of claim 3 wherein, The differential housing has a toothed back sleeve (8) that can be fitted onto the first half-shaft (1). The first oil port (22) is located at the connection between the toothed back sleeve (8) extending into the differential housing and the differential housing. The toothed back sleeve (8) extending out of the differential housing has a second oil port (20). The toothed back sleeve (8) has a first oil passage (21) connecting the first oil port (22) and the second oil port (20). A sealing sleeve (28) is placed between the bridge housing (34) and the tooth back sleeve (8). A second oil passage (26) corresponding to the second oil port (20) is opened on the sealing sleeve (28). Two sealing rings (29) are placed between the sealing sleeve (28) and the tooth back sleeve (8). The two sealing rings (29) are located on both sides of the second oil port (20). A third oil passage (27) corresponding to the second oil passage (26) is opened on the bridge housing (34).

5. The limited slip axle of claim 4 wherein, The first oil port (22) is positioned facing the piston (23).

6. The limited slip axle of claim 3 wherein, The differential housing includes a back differential housing (7) and a surface differential housing (11). A surface flange (12) is connected to the surface differential housing (11). The connecting bolt (10) passes through the back differential housing (7) and the surface flange (12) in sequence and is threaded to the driven bevel gear (13).

7. The limited slip axle of claim 6 wherein, A planetary gear shaft (15) is mounted on the tooth surface housing (11), and a planetary gear (14) is mounted on the planetary gear shaft (15). The first half-shaft bevel gear (4) and the second half-shaft bevel gear (5) mesh with the planetary gear (14).

8. The limited slip axle of claim 6 wherein, A tooth surface sleeve (18) that can be fitted onto the second half-shaft (2) is connected to the tooth surface housing (11).

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