Liquid flow shock wave generator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a liquid flow shock wave generator, which relates to the technical field of shock wave generators and comprises a shock wave generator main body and a shock wave generator body so as to form a high-pressure air chamber and a blasting cavity which are communicated in series; the interior of the blasting cavity is divided into a gas cavity and a liquid cavity through a diaphragm; the shock wave generator body and the shock wave generator body are arranged between the air cavity and the liquid cavity in a split mode so that the diaphragm can be conveniently installed. The diaphragm can be conveniently mounted on the large circular end surface of the air cavity hemisphere; the high-pressure air chamber is internally provided with a first fluid channel for receiving external inflating and deflating air, and is also provided with a throat pipe of a first Laval nozzle which is communicated with the air cavity and is firstly converged and then expanded; the liquid cavity is provided with a second fluid channel for receiving external high-pressure fluid and a conical nozzle facing the valve element, the high-pressure fluid of the conical nozzle is suddenly decompressed to trigger a throat pipe of the first Laval spray pipe to spray airflow shock waves, and the airflow shock waves protrude outwards through the diaphragm to form liquid flow shock waves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of shock wave generator technology, specifically relating to a liquid flow shock wave generator. Background Technology

[0002] A shock tube, typically a cylindrical tube closed at both ends, is divided into two sections by a diaphragm. One section is filled with a high-pressure driving gas, and the other with a low-pressure driven gas, to meet the simulation requirements. When the diaphragm ruptures, the high-pressure gas expands, generating a shock wave that propagates rapidly into the low-pressure gas at the right end and an expansion wave that propagates to the left end. The compression effect of the shock wave causes corresponding changes in the parameters of the experimental gas, such as a significant increase in pressure and temperature, thus obtaining the working conditions required for the simulation. Because the shock wave moves extremely rapidly, the parameters of the experimental gas after shock wave compression remain constant for only a short time, typically on the order of milliseconds to microseconds. The corresponding flow also remains steady for only a short period. The gas shock wave flow obtained using a shock tube can only be used once, and the object being driven can only be gas.

[0003] To accelerate the gas flow from subsonic to supersonic speeds, rocket engine nozzles employ the Laval nozzle, a converging-diverging cross-section composed of a converging section, a throat, and a diverging section. In the flow field of a Laval nozzle, disturbances propagate layer by layer from the disturbance source to the surrounding fluid. Their propagation speed is finite. Sound waves, as weak or low-amplitude disturbances, are small-pressure disturbances that propagate in wave form, causing minimal pressure changes, approaching zero, resulting in slight variations in flow parameters before and after the disturbance. In supersonic flow, these weak disturbances are confined within the Mach cone, their propagation range limited, unable to spread throughout the entire flow field, especially not exceeding the Mach cone upstream (a shock wave front). Shock waves, on the other hand, are strong disturbances. While the pressure changes they cause are finite, they are sufficient to significantly alter flow parameters ahead of the shock wave front, such as increasing pressure and velocity. In real gas flow, strong disturbance waves can only be compression waves. Therefore, the shock wave existing in the expansion section of the Laval nozzle is a supersonic flow and also a high-density compression wave.

[0004] There are two conditions for transforming subsonic flow into supersonic flow: the first is a geometrically necessary condition: having a Laval nozzle that converges before expanding; the second is a mechanically sufficient condition: the ambient pressure, i.e., the back pressure, must be less than a certain value. Even if these two conditions are met, to control the shock wave's occurrence in the expanding section of the Laval nozzle, it is also necessary to control the expansion ratio formed by the nozzle's exit area and its throat area.

[0005] Most of the studies above focus on airflow shock waves. Apart from the Galilean water hammer pump, there are few other positive applications for liquid flow shock waves such as water hammer. In order to realize a long-distance discrete transmission of hydraulic pulsating flow, or to measure the sound velocity of pulsating flow, there is an urgent need for a shock wave emitting device that can generate shock waves for liquids, especially viscous liquids, and provide a stable and reliable flow fluctuation or pressure fluctuation generator for measuring the sound velocity in pipeline oil.

[0006] Because shock waves are discontinuous waves, their emission necessitates the concentration of energy into discrete moving parts. However, long-life dynamic seals between moving parts in conventional high-pressure hydraulic systems have always been a major challenge in the industry. Even the technology of integrating the motor and pump into a motor-pump still suffers from problems such as excessive size and non-discrete shock waves. Therefore, it is urgent to overcome the problem of long-life sealing between moving parts and reduce the size to achieve innovation in shock wave emission devices for liquids. Utility Model Content

[0007] This application provides a liquid flow shock wave generator to solve the aforementioned technical problems of how to achieve a stable and reliable flow fluctuation or pressure fluctuation generator for measuring the sound velocity in pipeline oil through long-distance discrete transmission of hydraulic pulsating flow, and how to overcome the long-life sealing problem between moving parts and reduce the size to achieve a stable and reliable shock wave emission device for liquids. This provides a stable and reliable basic equipment for further realizing the measurement of the sound velocity of pulsating flow and the shock wave emission of viscous liquids.

[0008] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:

[0009] A fluid shock wave generator, comprising:

[0010] The shock wave generator includes a shock wave generator body and a shock wave generator core to form a high-pressure gas chamber and a burst chamber connected in series. The burst chamber is divided into a gas chamber and a liquid chamber by a diaphragm. The shock wave generator body and the shock wave generator core are separately disposed between the gas chamber and the liquid chamber to facilitate the installation of the diaphragm. The high-pressure gas chamber has a first fluid channel for receiving external charging and discharging gas, and a throat of a first Laval nozzle that first converges and then expands leading to the gas chamber. The liquid chamber has a second fluid channel for receiving external high-pressure fluid and a conical nozzle facing the valve core.

[0011] The valve core is located inside the shock generator body. The valve core has a rotating shaft, and there are multiple injection channels in a ring array around the rotating shaft that can correspond to the conical nozzle.

[0012] The linear motor includes a drive ring formed by the stator of the rotary motor annularly disposed within the shock generator body, and an annular magnetic strip formed by the rotor of the rotary motor disposed outside the valve core; the annular magnetic strip can drive the valve core to rotate or oscillate under the drive of the drive ring.

[0013] The cover plate is sealed to the shock generator body; the cover plate has a shock channel corresponding to the conical nozzle through the injection channel; the conical nozzle, the injection channel and the shock channel form a second Laval nozzle;

[0014] When the high-pressure fluid in the conical nozzle suddenly depressurizes, the gas on the other side of the diaphragm expands rapidly, causing the gas in the high-pressure chamber to be ejected from the throat of the first Laval nozzle as a gas flow shock wave. This gas flow shock wave pushes the high-pressure fluid in the liquid chamber through the diaphragm to expand outward through the second Laval nozzle as a liquid flow shock wave.

[0015] The maximum circular area of ​​the shock wave channel outlet and the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​multiple injection channels form a second Laval nozzle with the same or different expansion ratios, which is used to control the liquid flow shock wave to occur in the third expansion cone under different back pressure conditions.

[0016] The high-pressure air chamber is a rotating body with a hemispherical cavity at one end; the filling and discharging port of the high-pressure air chamber is directly connected to the hemispherical cavity.

[0017] The first Laval nozzle, which converges and then expands towards the gas chamber, includes a first conical surface within the high-pressure gas chamber, a second conical surface, a throat connecting the high-pressure gas chamber and the gas chamber of the burst chamber, and a first expanding conical surface formed by the tangential connection between the throat and the spherical surface of the hemispherical cavity of the gas chamber. The diameter of rotation of the high-pressure gas chamber gradually decreases from the hemispherical cavity cross-section through the first conical surface to the second conical surface, in order to reduce excessive wall viscous resistance and the viscous effect of the boundary layer thickening with the flow length during gas flow. The second conical surface is connected to the throat. The diameter of rotation of the first expanding conical surface gradually increases from the throat to the gas chamber, thus forming the expanding section of the first Laval nozzle that converges and then expands.

[0018] The volume of the cavity of the hemispherical structure of the high-pressure gas chamber is equal to the volume of the cavity enclosed by the first conical surface to the second conical surface. Therefore, the volume of the entire high-pressure gas chamber is equal to twice the volume of the cavity of the hemispherical structure of the high-pressure gas chamber. The volume of the cavity of the hemispherical structure of the gas chamber is not greater than the volume of the cavity of the hemispherical structure of the high-pressure gas chamber, so that at least 2 / 3 of the expansion gas comes from the high-pressure gas chamber.

[0019] After the high-pressure gas chamber is filled with a preset high-pressure gas, the filling and releasing ports are closed. The liquid chamber of the explosion chamber is filled with high-pressure liquid, causing the diaphragm to expand towards the gas chamber. When the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber is higher than the outlet pressure of the shock wave channel, the valve core is driven to rotate or swing by the drive mechanism, so that the injection channel is connected to the conical nozzle and the shock wave channel. The hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber is ejected first, causing the pressure at the diaphragm to drop suddenly. This causes the high-pressure gas in the gas chamber and the high-pressure gas chamber to expand and do work. The working airflow in at least half of the hemispherical volume is compressed inside the first conical surface and the second conical surface before rushing towards the throat, forming a continuously accelerating compressed airflow. After passing through the throat and the first expansion cone, it is expanded and accelerated again, thus forming an impact airflow shock wave on the diaphragm in the gas chamber. This impact airflow shock wave passes through the diaphragm and impacts the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber, causing the outflowing hydraulic oil to be compressed and accelerated through the contraction section. The accelerated hydraulic oil passes through the second Laval nozzle to form a liquid flow shock wave.

[0020] The gas chamber of the explosion chamber has a hemispherical surface on one side, and the liquid chamber of the explosion chamber has a rotary structure. Along the rotation axis, from the section where the diaphragm is located to the side away from the hemispherical surface, there are a third conical surface and a fourth conical surface with gradually decreasing rotation diameter connected in sequence. This helps to reduce the excessive adhesion resistance and the viscous effect of the boundary layer thickening with the flow length during oil flow. The injection channel has a Laval small throat structure formed by the connection of a small chamfered throat and a second expansion conical surface. By rotating the valve core, the fourth conical surface can be connected to the small chamfered throat in the injection channel, and the second expansion conical surface in the injection channel can be connected to the third expansion conical surface in the shock wave channel. This forms a second Laval nozzle composed of a contraction section with gradually decreasing inner diameter formed by the third and fourth conical surfaces, the small chamfered throat in the injection channel, and an expansion section with gradually increasing inner diameter formed by the second and third expansion conical surfaces.

[0021] The shock generator body has a mounting groove on the side facing the cover plate, forming a cavity between the cover plate and the shock generator that can accommodate the valve core and the linear motor. The shock generator body also has a first support groove, and the cover plate has a second support groove corresponding to the first support groove. One end of the valve core rotation shaft is supported in the first support groove by a bearing, and the other end of the rotation shaft is supported in the second support groove by a bearing. Thrust bearings are respectively provided between the end face of the valve core and the end face of the shock generator body, and between the end face of the valve core and the end face of the cover plate.

[0022] The drive ring of the linear motor is annularly mounted on the inner wall of the mounting groove and is coaxial with the valve core rotation shaft. There is a preset gap between the drive ring and the outer circumferential surface of the annular magnetic strip set on the outer circumference of the valve core. The measurement and control harness of the drive ring can extend into the mounting groove through the shock generator body and connect with the drive ring. By controlling the drive ring to drive the annular magnetic strip, the valve core can be rotated or oscillated.

[0023] The shock generator body and the shock generator main body are connected by a first bolt group, and a first static sealing component is provided between the shock generator body and the shock generator main body to ensure reliable sealing between them; the shock generator main body and the cover plate are connected by a second bolt group, and a second static sealing component is provided between the end faces of the shock generator body and the cover plate to ensure reliable sealing between them.

[0024] The first fluid channel is located inside the shock generator body and is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the high-pressure gas chamber. The charging and discharging port of the high-pressure gas chamber is located along the rotation axis of the high-pressure gas chamber, and the charging and discharging port can connect the first fluid channel with the high-pressure gas chamber. The first fluid channel has a high-pressure charging and discharging control port on the shock generator body. A first control valve is provided at the high-pressure charging and discharging control port. The first control valve has a first working state of cutting off the exhaust gas from the high-pressure gas chamber and a second working state of connecting with an external gas source to input gas into the high-pressure gas chamber through the charging port and the first fluid channel.

[0025] The second fluid channel is located inside the shock generator body and is connected to the liquid chamber of the explosion chamber. The second fluid channel has a fluid inlet on the shock generator body for connecting to an external high-pressure oil source, so that high-pressure hydraulic oil enters the liquid chamber through the fluid inlet and the second fluid channel.

[0026] A second control valve or a first check valve is provided at the fluid inlet of the second fluid channel. The second control valve or the first check valve has a first working state of cutting off the backflow of hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber to the external hydraulic oil source, and a second working state of connecting to the external high-pressure oil source to input the oil through the fluid inlet and the second fluid channel into the liquid chamber of the explosion chamber.

[0027] or,

[0028] A second one-way valve is installed in the second fluid channel, so that the external high-pressure oil source can enter the liquid chamber of the explosion chamber through the second one-way valve, while the oil in the liquid chamber cannot flow back to the external high-pressure oil source through the second one-way valve.

[0029] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by this application are as follows:

[0030] 1. This application relates to a liquid flow shock wave generator, comprising a shock wave generator body and a shock wave generator core, which are connected in series and sealed to form a high-pressure gas chamber and a burst chamber connected in series inside the shock wave generator body; the burst chamber is divided into a gas chamber and a liquid chamber by a diaphragm; the cover plate has a shock wave channel corresponding to a conical nozzle through a jet channel; the throat areas of the multiple jet channels are different, such that the annular area corresponding to the outlet of the third expanding cone surface of the shock wave channel and the corresponding throat area with small chamfers form a second Laval nozzle with a different expansion ratio;

[0031] When the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber is higher than the outlet pressure of the shock wave channel, the valve core is driven to rotate or swing by the drive mechanism to connect the injection channel with the conical nozzle and the shock wave channel. The hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber is ejected first, the pressure at the diaphragm decreases, the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber expands and flows, and after being accelerated by the first Laval nozzle, it impacts the diaphragm. Under the action of the impacting gas, the diaphragm further impacts the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber, so that the outflowing hydraulic oil is compressed and accelerated through the contraction section. The accelerated hydraulic oil forms a liquid flow shock wave through the second Laval nozzle.

[0032] Through the above design, a device that can generate a fluid shock wave without a shock tube can be realized, bringing a new type of hydraulic noise generator to the measurement of sound velocity in hydraulic fluids. This is a hydraulic component that generates flow fluctuations in the circuit, thereby causing pressure fluctuations, or generates pressure fluctuations in the circuit, thereby causing flow fluctuations. Thus, it provides a stable and reliable flow fluctuation or pressure fluctuation generator for the measurement of sound velocity in pipeline oil.

[0033] 2. This application uses a linear motor to control the position of the second Laval nozzle, which is beneficial to integrate the rotating parts into the enclosed housing. This allows the dynamic seal between the moving parts to be replaced by a static seal bolt connection structure between the enclosed housing that is resistant to high pressure and has a long service life. This overcomes the problem of the dynamic seal between the rotating parts being difficult to withstand high pressure and having a short service life.

[0034] A linear motor is a transmission device that directly converts electrical energy into linear motion mechanical energy without any intermediate conversion mechanism. It can be viewed as a rotary motor cut radially and unfolded into a plane; the part corresponding to the stator of the rotary motor is called the primary, and the part corresponding to the rotor is called the secondary. A multi-phase alternating current flowing through the primary winding generates a translational alternating magnetic field called a traveling wave magnetic field. Under the action of the traveling wave magnetic field and the secondary permanent magnet, a driving force is generated, thereby realizing the linear fixed-step motion of the moving parts. If the permanent magnet is narrowed and the ring is fitted with a narrow linear segment of the permanent magnet, a ring linear motor can be made. Through a feedback system, a relatively stable rotational step or angle can be achieved, which brings convenience to the positioning and adjustment of the injection channel, i.e., the auxiliary impact adjustment of the liquid flow.

[0035] 3. The annular arrangement of multiple injection channels is advantageous for using linear motors that are easy to enclose. Through simple rotation or oscillation, the energy of the shock wave can be concentrated and discretized. Furthermore, by controlling the position of injection channels with different throat areas of the second Laval nozzle, the expansion ratio formed by the outlet area and throat area of ​​the second Laval nozzle can be controlled. Thus, the position of the shock wave can be controlled according to different external pressures, resulting in an adjustable and controllable fluid shock wave generator.

[0036] 4. In a preferred embodiment, the inflation / deflation port of the high-pressure gas chamber is vertically connected to a first fluid channel; one end of the channel has a hemispherical cavity; the inflation / deflation port of the high-pressure gas chamber is directly connected to the hemispherical cavity.

[0037] The first Laval nozzle has the structure and capability to generate supersonic shock waves: when the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure chamber expands and does work, the charging and discharging ports are closed. The expanding gas flow inside the rotating body cannot flow through the charging and discharging ports inside the arc transition surface, but can only rely on the supporting reaction force of the internal cavity wall of the hemispherical structure. Therefore, the shock wave generator body where the high-pressure chamber is located should be firmly fixed to prevent the impact formed by the reaction force.

[0038] On the other hand, the volume of the cavity of the hemispherical structure of the high-pressure gas chamber is equal to the volume of the cavity enclosed by the first conical surface to the second conical surface. Therefore, the volume of the entire high-pressure gas chamber is equal to twice the volume of the cavity of the hemispherical structure of the high-pressure gas chamber. The volume of the cavity of the hemispherical structure of the gas chamber is not greater than the volume of the cavity of the hemispherical structure of the high-pressure gas chamber, so that at least 2 / 3 of the expansion gas comes from the high-pressure gas chamber. In order to ensure that at least 2 / 3 of the expansion gas comes from the high-pressure gas chamber, the explosion chamber is first filled with low-pressure oil or a small amount of oil at a pressure of P0 until the air is exhausted, so that P0≈1bar=0.1MPA, that is, after the pressure in the explosion chamber is equal to the atmosphere, the filling port is closed, and then the high-pressure gas chamber is filled with gas at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure P0, so that the diaphragm expands slightly into the oil in the liquid chamber. To ensure a slight increase in oil pressure within the liquid chamber of the detonation chamber, the pressure should be such that the pressure rises slightly below atmospheric pressure P0. A pressure sensor can be connected to the liquid chamber within the detonation chamber. Let the volume of the hemispherical gas in the gas chamber be V' = V1 / 2, the volume of the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber be 2V', and V1 be the total volume of the high-pressure gas chamber. Then, 2V' = V1, and the total gas volume V0 = 3V'. When the diaphragm compresses into the gas chamber, ensuring the air volume is approximately 1 / 3V', the total gas volume V0 becomes V1'. Therefore, V1' = 1 / 3V' + 2V' = 7 / 3V' = 7 / 6V1 = 7 / 9V0. To ensure the diaphragm compresses into the gas chamber, maintaining the air volume at approximately 1 / 3V', the liquid chamber within the detonation chamber is then connected to the hydraulic lines outside the launcher. The oil pressure P1 in the hydraulic lines is adjusted to: P1 = P0 × V0 / (7 / 9 × V0) = 9 / 7P0.

[0039] Make the diaphragm bulge into the air chamber, and ensure that the volume of air in the air chamber is about 1 / 3V' to prevent the diaphragm from touching the wall of the hemisphere and being damaged. Then, fill the air chamber with gas of not less than P1=9 / 7P0, and make the diaphragm slightly expand into the oil in the liquid chamber again, so that the oil pressure under the pressure P1 in the liquid chamber of the bursting chamber rises slightly. The liquid chamber in the bursting chamber can be connected to pressure sensors, etc. Adjust the oil pressure P2 in the hydraulic pipeline as: P2=P1×V0 / (7 / 9×V0)=9 / 7P1=(9 / 7)^2×P0.

[0040] Make the diaphragm bulge into the air chamber, and ensure that the volume of air in the air chamber is about 1 / 3V' to prevent the diaphragm from touching the wall of the hemisphere and being damaged. Then, fill the air chamber with gas at a pressure of not less than (9 / 7)^2×P0, and make the diaphragm slightly expand into the oil in the liquid chamber again, so that the oil pressure under the pressure P2 in the liquid chamber of the burst chamber rises slightly. The liquid chamber in the burst chamber can be connected to a pressure sensor, etc. Adjust the oil pressure P3 in the hydraulic pipeline as: P3=P2×V0 / (7 / 9×V0)=9 / 7P2=(9 / 7)^3×P0.

[0041] This process is repeated, causing the diaphragm to compress into the air chamber while maintaining the air volume within the chamber at approximately 1 / 3V' (to prevent the diaphragm from contacting the wall of the hemisphere and causing damage). The pressure inside the air chamber equals the pressure P in the hydraulic lines outside the transmitter. n For: P n =20MPA=(9 / 7)^n×P0=(9 / 7)^n×(0.1MPA);

[0042] We can obtain n = ln(200) / ln(9 / 7) = 21 times; then fill the air chamber with air higher than P. n The high-pressure gas has a pressure of P', where P' is: P' = 9 / 7 × 20 MPa ≈ 25.7 MPa; the diaphragm then slightly expands towards the oil in the liquid chamber to ensure the pressure P in the liquid chamber within the bursting chamber. n The oil pressure should rise slightly. The liquid chamber inside the burst chamber can be connected to a pressure sensor, etc. The charging and discharging ports are closed. Then disconnect the oil in the liquid chamber inside the burst chamber from the hydraulic line outside the launcher. Then fill the high-pressure liquid with oil at a pressure higher than P' through the filling port, so that the diaphragm is in a state of expansion towards the gas chamber. Let the volume of the hemispherical gas in the gas chamber be V', and the volume of the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber be 2V'. Then the total volume of the gas is V0 = 3V'. The volume of the air in the gas chamber is kept at about 1 / 3V'. The oil pressure P of the filling liquid is: P = 9 / 7 × P' = 9 / 7 × 25.7 MPa ≈ 33 MPa. When the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber is higher than the outlet pressure of the shock wave channel, the valve core is rotated or oscillated by the drive mechanism to connect the injection channel with the conical nozzle and the shock wave channel. The hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber is then ejected first, causing a sudden drop in pressure at the diaphragm. This results in the high-pressure gas in the gas chamber and high-pressure gas chamber expanding and doing work on the outside, at least (3 / 2V') / (7 / 3V') = 9 / 14 > 2 / 3 of the volume. Because the volume of the hemispherical cavity of the gas chamber is not greater than the volume of the hemispherical cavity of the high-pressure gas chamber, the high pressure... The working airflow, comprising two-thirds of the hemispherical volume of the air chamber, is compressed within the first and second conical surfaces before impacting the throat, forming a continuously accelerating compressed airflow. After passing through the throat and the first expanding conical surface, it is further expanded and accelerated, creating an impact shock wave against the diaphragm in the air chamber. This shock wave passes through the diaphragm and impacts the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber, causing the outflowing hydraulic oil to be compressed and accelerated through the contraction section. The accelerated hydraulic oil then passes through the second Laval nozzle, forming a liquid flow shock wave. The mass of the shock wave is m ≈ 3 / 2V' × ρ 液 .

[0043] The liquid chamber has a second fluid channel for receiving high-pressure fluid from the outside and a conical nozzle facing the valve core. Utilizing the incompressibility of the high-pressure oil, when the high-pressure fluid in the conical nozzle is suddenly depressurized, a rapid pressure transmission occurs, causing the gas on the other side of the diaphragm to expand rapidly, thus igniting the expansion flow of the compressed gas. Utilizing the compressibility of the gas and the spatial volume structure, the geometric conditions for forming an airflow shock wave are created, along with the inherent power source of the airflow within the first Laval tube. This causes the gas in the high-pressure chamber to be ejected from the throat of the first Laval nozzle as an airflow shock wave, obtaining the first shock wave power source, the airflow shock wave. Furthermore, utilizing the relatively rigid pushing of the oil by the diaphragm and the relative compressibility of the liquid flow, and utilizing the geometric structure of the second Laval tube, the airflow shock wave pushes the high-pressure fluid in the liquid chamber through the diaphragm to expand outward through the second Laval nozzle, forming a high-density jet of liquid flow shock wave.

[0044] 5. In a preferred embodiment, the diaphragm is disposed on the cross-section of the hemispherical surface inside the explosion chamber.

[0045] The diaphragm bulging in the air chamber resembles the vocal organ of a frog, which produces sound by rapidly expanding and causing the surrounding air to vibrate. It can be formed by the impact airflow expanding in the high-pressure air chamber, creating a structure with the smallest surface area and the largest gas volume. This allows the expanding compressed gas to do work on the diaphragm within the explosion chamber, expanding spherically in equal amounts, thereby propelling more oil through the second Laval nozzle, which first converges and then expands, to form a high-speed shock wave. The diaphragm can be installed after the shock wave generator body is separated at the diaphragm section. After installation, a first static sealing assembly is installed between the separate shock wave generator bodies to ensure reliable high-pressure sealing between them.

[0046] 6. In a preferred embodiment, the side of the gas chamber of the explosive chamber has a hemispherical surface, and the injection channel has a Laval small throat structure consisting of a small chamfered throat and a second expansion cone surface connected in sequence.

[0047] When the drive mechanism drives the valve core to rotate or swing, connecting the injection channel with the conical nozzle and shock wave channel of the liquid chamber, the small chamfered throat in the structure of the Laval throat in the injection channel not only helps to reduce the hydraulic resistance of the high-pressure fluid flow in the burst chamber before the throat rotates or swings to the correct position, but also helps to drive the small chamfered throat smoothly. Moreover, the pressurized oil in the third expansion cone has an automatic centering auxiliary effect on the second expansion cone. Since the third expansion cone is larger than the cone surface of the small chamfered throat, it also helps to eliminate or reduce the hydraulic resistance of the fluid flow to the rotation of the valve core by relying on the difference in pressure difference and area ratio at both ends of the throat. This makes it more conducive to the small chamfered throat of the injection channel being in the center of the second Laval nozzle when the hydraulic oil is compressed and accelerated out of the contraction section, thus forming a normal shock wave instead of an oblique shock wave and reducing the energy loss of the shock wave.

[0048] 7. As a preferred embodiment, the high-pressure gas chamber is a rotating body, with a cavity in the shape of a hemisphere with a radius of R at one end; the gas inlet / outlet of the high-pressure gas chamber is directly connected to the cavity of the hemispherical structure; the first Laval nozzle includes a first conical surface and a second conical surface inside the high-pressure gas chamber, a throat connecting the gas chamber of the high-pressure gas chamber and the gas chamber of the explosion chamber, and a first expansion conical surface formed by the tangential connection of the throat and the spherical surface of the hemispherical cavity of the explosion chamber; where the radius r of the throat is much smaller than R. The rotational diameter dimension of the high-pressure gas chamber gradually decreases from the cross-section of the cavity of the hemispherical structure through the first conical surface to the second conical surface; the second conical surface is connected to the throat, and the volume V of the cavity of the hemispherical structure of the high-pressure gas chamber 11 is equal to the volume V of the cavity surrounded by the first conical surface to the second conical surface 12 , where, V 11 = 2 / 3πR 3 , V 12 =(πR 2 - πr 2 )2 / 3R. The length from the first conical surface to the second conical surface is about 2 / 3R; then the volume V1 of the entire high-pressure gas chamber is approximately V 11 + V 12 ≈ 2 / 3πR 3 + 2 / 3πR 3 = 4 / 3πR 3 , that is, the volume V1 of the entire high-pressure gas chamber is equivalent to the volume of a global sphere with a radius of R. Let the volume of the hemispherical gas in the gas chamber be V', and the volume of the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber be 2V' = V1, then the total volume V0 of the gas when the diaphragm is not compressed is 3V'.

[0049] Through the above settings, it is possible to easily calculate and control the amplitude and planned number of stepwise pressure adjustments in the aforementioned manner, which is convenient for control without damaging the diaphragm. In addition, after filling the high-pressure gas chamber with the preset high-pressure gas, the gas inlet / outlet is in a closed state, and the liquid chamber of the explosion chamber is filled with high-pressure liquid, so that the diaphragm is in a bulging state towards the gas chamber; when the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber is higher than the outlet pressure of the shock wave channel, when the spool is driven by a driving mechanism to rotate or swing to connect the injection channel with the conical nozzle and the shock wave channel, the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber sprays out first, resulting in a sudden decrease in the pressure at the diaphragm. Let the volume of the hemispherical gas in the gas chamber be V' = V1 / 2, the volume of the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber be V1 = 2V', and the total volume of the gas when the diaphragm is not compressed be V0 = 3V'. Then V1' is the volume when the diaphragm is recessed into the gas chamber so that the volume of the gas chamber is 1 / 3V', that is, V1' = 1 / 3V' + 2V' = 7 / 3V' = 7 / 6V1 = 7 / 9V0 is the initial volume of expansion; for example, it decreases from P1' = 33 MPa to P2' = 20 MPa; then it can be obtained that

[0050] V2=P1'V1' / P2'=33 / 20×V1'=33 / 20×7 / 6V1=V1+1 / 6V1+0.758V1≈V1+1 / 6V1+3 / 4V1

[0051] And 0.758V1≈3 / 4V1≈(3 / 4)×(4 / 3)πR 3 =πR 3 =πR 2 ×R is exactly the volume of the cylinder formed by the hemisphere radius R that expands forward from the diaphragm area of ​​the gas chamber; causing the high-pressure gas in the gas chamber and high-pressure chamber to expand and do work. Due to the compression effect of the hydraulic force of the oil in the external liquid chamber, the expansion volume 0.758V1 may only reach (3 / 4)×(4 / 3)πR. 3 This is exactly 3 / 2 of the hemispherical volume of the air chamber. Most of the working airflow in the high-pressure chamber is compressed inside the first and second conical surfaces before reaching the throat, forming a continuously accelerating compressed airflow. After passing through the throat and the first expanding conical surface, it is further expanded and accelerated, thus forming an impact shock wave on the diaphragm in the air chamber. Because air also has viscosity and a boundary layer, the transition through two different conical surfaces helps reduce the viscous drag and the influence of the boundary layer. Since the air chamber is a hemispherical cavity, the surface area to volume ratio of a sphere is the smallest, and the diaphragm must be optimally spherically bulging. Therefore, the airflow shock wave is also a spherically bulging shock wave, continuously oscillating between the high-pressure chamber and the air chamber and impacting the diaphragm. This bulging shock wave can be represented as… The wave equation for a positive amplitude exponentially decaying oscillation, where P1' is the initial pressure of expansion, preferably 33 MPa. k The decay coefficient over time, t Oscillation duration, oscillation frequency ω=2πf, e This is the base of the natural logarithm. The bulging shock wave impacts the hydraulic oil in the fluid chamber through the diaphragm, causing the outflowing hydraulic oil to be compressed and accelerated through the contraction section. The accelerated hydraulic oil then forms a fluid shock wave through the second Laval nozzle. Due to the isothermal process, pV = nRT is constant, and due to the incompressibility of the oil, the volume of the gas oscillating between the high-pressure chamber and the fluid chamber is related to the shock wave pressure. Inversely proportional, with a phase angle difference of π / 2, since the volume V of the liquid shock wave expanding outward through the diaphragm is equal to the volume of the gas shock wave expanding outward, the volume V of the liquid shock wave can also be obtained by integrating the oscillating wave equation with an exponentially increasing positive amplitude of the agitated gas volume over the duration Δt:

[0052] The volume of the fluid shock wave V=

[0053] In the formula, V1 is the initial volume of the gas expanding between the high-pressure chamber and the gas cavity. kThe decay coefficient is t, the duration of oscillation is t, and the oscillation frequency is ω = 2πf. Δt is a natural constant, and Δt is the time it takes for the diaphragm to expand from the concavity inside the air cavity to its maximum volume surface.

[0054] The liquid flow shock wave can propagate forward along the oil in the output pipeline, while the airflow shock wave in the gas chamber, under the reaction of the liquid chamber diaphragm, is reflected back to the high-pressure gas chamber through the first Laval tube to form an oscillating shock wave. The sound velocity of the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber is c, so the oscillation frequency f≈(2 / 3R×2) / c. Therefore, during the time when the drive mechanism drives the valve core to rotate or swing, connecting the injection channel with the conical nozzle and shock wave channel, due to the high oscillation frequency f, the diaphragm is subjected to multiple oscillating impacts from the airflow shock wave during the process of the diaphragm going from being concave in the gas chamber to fully expanding into a spherical surface. This also causes the diaphragm to impact the outflowing liquid flow shock wave multiple times. This is beneficial for the accumulation of the thickness δ of the liquid flow shock wave skin, increasing the intensity of the shock wave, so that the liquid flow shock wave carries more liquid density and momentum, and causing significant changes in the flow parameters before the shock wave front, such as pressure increase and flow velocity acceleration. This is beneficial for the rapid discrete transmission of the liquid flow in the delivery pipeline with a diameter d. The amount of oil transmitted by each shock wave skin is:

[0055] V = πd × d / 4 × δ = V1'

[0056] In the formula, V is the amount of oil transmitted by a single shock wave liner; d is the maximum circular area of ​​the shock wave channel outlet = the hydraulic diameter of the interface pipe; δ is the thickness of a single liquid flow shock wave liner. k The decay coefficient over time, t Oscillation duration, where R is the radius of the sphere in the high-pressure gas chamber; e is the base of the natural logarithm;

[0057] During the time it takes for the drive mechanism to rotate or swing the valve core, connecting the injection channel with the conical nozzle and shock wave channel, and during the total time Δt taken for the diaphragm to expand from the gas chamber to a spherical surface, individual liquid flow shock waves continuously accumulate, forming an accumulation of volume resembling a hemispherical onion inverted from the outside to the inside. =V3, expands within the shock wave channel into a forward-convex spherical shock wave, like half an onion with a thin outer layer and a thick inner layer. Ahead of the shock wave is the pressure P2 within the pipeline, such as P2 = 20 MPa. Behind the shock wave is the initial pressure P1 within the explosion chamber, such as P1 = 33 MPa. P1 is also the initial pressure of the gas within the explosion chamber. Due to the overflow of oil within the explosion chamber, the pressure decreases to a level where the pressure in the gas chamber balances with the pipeline pressure. Therefore:

[0058] P1 ≤P1 e -kΔt =P2≈20MPa

[0059] Therefore, we can calculate:

[0060] t=t2-t0=Δt=(1 / (-k))ln(P2 / P1)

[0061] At the initial time t0=0, according to the conservation of matter, let the volume of the convex hemispherical cup-shaped body compressed by the shock wave be V3, and the density increase be ρ3=(3 / 4V1) / V3×ρ 液 The velocity is the maximum average value of the molecular cluster motion within the liquid flow, which is equal to the speed of sound c. The inertial force F = (3 / 4V1 × ρ) 液 )×c=ρ3×c×((3 / 4V1) / Δt)_, we can get ρ3=ρ 液 / Δt, combined with the aforementioned ρ3, we can obtain: V3 = (3 / 4V1) / Δt = (- k ) × (3 / 4V1) / (ln(P2 / P1)), where the negative sign indicates that the shock wave is compressed, indicating that the volume V3 of the convex hemispherical cup is compressed, and the volume compression ratio (V3 / (3 / 4V1)) is related to the pressure ratio and the attenuation coefficient k; since the shock wave itself is a compression wave, under the action of the inertial force F, the positive shock wave formed in the straight flow channel moves forward, and the front of it is also a strong disturbance compression wave. The change in fluid pressure Δp caused by the disturbance is finite. From the perspective of energy conservation, it will not exceed P1-P2, but it is enough to drive the flow parameters in front of the shock wave front to change significantly, such as pressure increase and flow velocity increase. Therefore, the shock wave drives the liquid flow in front to accelerate and roll forward along the pipe wall; since the rear of the shock wave is an expansion wave, the liquid flow behind the shock wave will be affected. There is also a small pressure disturbance that propagates in the form of a wave. Its propagation speed is equal to the speed of sound c minus the forward velocity v of the shock wave. The change in fluid pressure caused by this disturbance is very small, that is, the change in fluid pressure Δp approaches 0. This causes slight changes in the flow parameters before and after the disturbance, but it is enough to reduce the friction of the pipe wall on the flow direction of the liquid flow behind it. Moreover, the expansion of the oil behind the shock wave or the suction effect after the inertial movement of the shock wave will accelerate the attraction of the liquid flow to the next shock wave. In the liquid flow in front of the shock wave, the fluid oil crushed by the shock wave front has viscous rotational inertia attached to the wall and is swirled into the rear of the shock wave to form a vortex. It is then pushed by the next shock wave and accelerated to roll, thereby reducing the friction of the pipe wall for the subsequent shock wave, allowing the liquid flow to propagate forward at a high speed close to the speed of sound c.

[0062] 8. The first and second conical surfaces do not use a uniform angle to reduce excessive wall adhesion resistance and the viscous effect of boundary layer thickening with the flow length during gas flow. Since air has viscosity and a wall-attached boundary layer, the contraction transition through two different conical surfaces in the high-pressure chamber helps reduce the effects of gas wall adhesion resistance and the viscous effect of boundary layer thickening with the flow length. The third and fourth conical surfaces do not use a uniform angle to reduce excessive wall adhesion resistance and the viscous effect of boundary layer thickening with the flow length during oil flow. Since oil has viscosity and a wall-attached boundary layer, the contraction transition through multiple different conical surfaces in the bursting chamber helps reduce the effects of liquid wall adhesion resistance and the viscous effect of boundary layer thickening with the flow length. Attached Figure Description

[0063] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0064] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid flow shock wave generator according to one embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0066] In the picture,

[0067] 1. Shock generator body; 2. Shock generator main body; 3. First fluid channel; 4. Second fluid channel; 5. High-pressure gas chamber; 6. Explosion chamber; 61. Gas chamber; 62. Liquid chamber; 7. Charge / discharge port; 8. First conical surface; 9. Second conical surface; 10. Throat; 11. First expansion conical surface; 12. First Laval nozzle; 13. Diaphragm; 14. Fluid inlet; 15. Third conical surface; 16. Fourth conical surface; 18. Throat with small chamfer. ; 19. Second expansion cone; 20. Third expansion cone; 21. Second Laval nozzle; 22. Laval throat; 23. Shock channel; 24. Thrust bearing; 25. Drive ring; 26. Annular magnetic strip; 27. Cover plate; 28. First static seal assembly; 29. ​​Second static seal assembly; 30. First connecting bolt group; 31. Second connecting bolt group; 32. Measurement and control wiring harness; 33. Valve core; 34. First control valve; 35. Second control valve. Detailed Implementation

[0068] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of this application, a detailed explanation is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0069] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0070] Furthermore, it should be understood in the description of this application that the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0071] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0072] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the "above" or "below" of the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "implementation," "example," "a particular embodiment," "example," or "specific example," etc., indicate that the specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0073] This application relates to a liquid flow shock wave generator, such as Figure 1-2As shown, the device includes a shock wave generator, comprising a shock wave generator body 1 and a shock wave generator body 2 arranged in series and sealed to form a high-pressure gas chamber 5 and a burst chamber 6 connected in series inside the shock wave generator. The burst chamber 6 is divided into a gas chamber 61 and a liquid chamber 62 by a diaphragm. The shock wave generator body 2 and the shock wave generator body 1 are separately arranged between the gas chamber 61 and the liquid chamber 62 so that the diaphragm 13 can be installed on the cross-section of the hemispherical surface inside the burst chamber 6. The high-pressure gas chamber 5 has a first fluid channel 3 for receiving external charging and discharging gas, and also has a throat 10 of a first Laval nozzle 12 that converges and then expands to the gas chamber 61. The liquid chamber 62 has a conical nozzle facing the valve core 33 and a second fluid channel 4 for receiving external high-pressure fluid.

[0074] Valve core 33 is placed inside the shock wave generator body 2. Valve core 33 has multiple injection channels that correspond to the conical nozzle in a circular array with the axis as the center.

[0075] The linear motor includes a drive ring 25 formed by the stator of the rotary motor being annularly disposed within a slot in the shock generator body 2, and an annular magnetic strip 26 formed by the rotor of the rotary motor disposed on the outer side of the circumference of the valve core 33. A preset gap exists between the annular magnetic strip 26 and the inner circumferential surface of the drive ring 25, so that the annular magnetic strip 26 drives the valve 33 to rotate or oscillate relative to the drive ring 25 after the drive ring 25 is energized. Under the drive of the drive ring 25, the annular magnetic strip 26 can drive the valve core 33 to rotate or oscillate.

[0076] The cover plate 27 is sealed to the shock generator body 2; the cover plate 27 has a shock channel 23 corresponding to the conical nozzle through the injection channel; the conical nozzle, the injection channel and the shock channel form a second Laval nozzle;

[0077] When the high-pressure fluid in the liquid chamber is suddenly depressurized, the gas in the gas chamber expands rapidly, which in turn causes the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber to be ejected from the throat of the first Laval nozzle as a high-speed airflow shock wave. This airflow shock wave pushes the high-pressure fluid in the liquid chamber through the diaphragm to expand outward through the second Laval nozzle as a liquid flow shock wave.

[0078] The maximum circular area of ​​the shock wave channel outlet is different from the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​multiple injection channels, forming a second Laval nozzle with the same or different expansion ratios, which is used to control the liquid flow shock wave to occur in the third expansion cone under different back pressure conditions.

[0079] When the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber 62 is more than 1.5 times higher than the outlet pressure of the shock channel 23, the valve core 33 is driven to rotate or swing by the drive mechanism to connect the injection channel with the conical nozzle and the shock channel 23. The hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber 62 is ejected first, causing the liquid pressure in the liquid chamber to drop suddenly. The pressure at the diaphragm 13, which is in a state of expansion towards the gas chamber, decreases. The gas in the high-pressure gas chamber 5 expands and flows. After being accelerated by the first Laval nozzle 12, it impacts the diaphragm 13. Under the action of the impacting gas, the diaphragm 13 further impacts the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber 62, causing the outflowing hydraulic oil to be compressed and accelerated through the contraction section. The accelerated hydraulic oil forms a positive shock wave through the second Laval nozzle 21.

[0080] like Figure 1 As shown, the shock generator body 1 and the shock generator body 2 are connected in series, and the shock generator body 1 and the shock generator body 2 are tightly connected by the first connecting bolt group 30; the cover plate 27 is connected to the other side of the shock generator body 2, and the shock generator body 2 and the cover plate 27 are tightly connected by the second connecting bolt group 31.

[0081] Specifically, the injection channel is a Laval small throat 22 structure composed of 17, a small chamfered throat 18, and a second expanding conical surface 19. Different injection channels result in different areas of the small chamfered throat 18, the area of ​​which varies depending on the diameter of the small chamfered throat 18. Specifically, the annular diameter of the interface 17 corresponding to the conical nozzle of the valve core 33 is the same and equal to the diameter of the conical nozzle of the valve core 33.

[0082] The small chamfered throat 18 can be round or rectangular, preferably round.

[0083] Specifically, the stator part of the rotating motor is called the primary stage, which is arranged in a ring inside the groove of the shock generator body 2 to form a drive ring 25. The drive ring 25 is coaxially connected to the shock generator body 2 outside the valve core 33 and is also connected in a ring to the inner wall of the mounting groove. The external measurement and control harness 32 can extend into the mounting groove and connect to the drive ring 25. The part corresponding to the rotor of the rotating motor is called the secondary stage, which is composed of multiple permanent magnets and is arranged on the outer side of the circumference of the valve core 33 to form an annular magnetic strip 26, which is fixedly connected to the valve core.

[0084] Specifically, the shock channel 23 has a third expanding cone surface 20, the small diameter of which corresponds to and is connected to the large diameter of the second expanding cone surface 19 of the injection channel, and they are the same diameter. Depending on the different outlet pressures of the shock channel 23, Laval nozzles with different throat area expansion ratios are selected to ensure that the ejected oil forms a positive shock wave within the shock channel 23, which is beneficial for controlling the impact disturbance of the shock wave on the outlet pressure of the shock channel 23. Under the initial impact of the liquid flow, the injection channel 17 has an automatic centering function, which facilitates the drive mechanism to drive the valve core 33 to rotate or swing, connecting the injection channel with the conical nozzle of the liquid chamber 62 and the shock channel 23. When the hydraulic oil is compressed and accelerated through the contraction section, a positive shock wave is formed instead of an oblique shock wave because the small chamfered throat 18 of the injection channel is located in the center of the second Laval nozzle 21, reducing energy loss.

[0085] This application employs a linear motor to control the position of the second Laval nozzle 21, which facilitates the integration of rotating components within a sealed housing. This allows for the replacement of dynamic seals between moving parts with static seal bolt connections between the housings, utilizing high-pressure resistant and long-life seals. This overcomes the problem of rotating components struggling to withstand high pressures and having short lifespans in their dynamic seals. Furthermore, this application uses a linear motor to control the exit area of ​​the second Laval nozzle 21 to control the occurrence of shock waves in the expansion section of the second Laval nozzle 21. Two conditions are required to transform subsonic flow into supersonic flow: the first is a geometrically necessary condition—having a first Laval nozzle 12 that converges before expanding; the second is a mechanically sufficient condition—the ambient pressure, i.e., the back pressure, is less than a certain value. Even when these two conditions are met, to control the occurrence of shock waves in the expansion section of the second Laval nozzle 21, it is also necessary to control the expansion ratio formed by the exit area and throat area of ​​the second Laval nozzle 21. The exit area of ​​the second Laval nozzle 21 is limited by factors such as the exit diameter. The most advantageous approach is to change the throat area of ​​the second Laval nozzle 21. In controlling the throat area of ​​the second Laval nozzle 21, besides a servo motor, a linear motor can also be used. A linear motor is a transmission device that directly converts electrical energy into linear motion mechanical energy without any intermediate conversion mechanism. It can be viewed as a rotary motor cut radially and unfolded into a plane. The part corresponding to the stator of the rotary motor is called the primary, and the part corresponding to the rotor is called the secondary. A multiphase alternating current is passed through the primary winding to generate a translational alternating magnetic field called a traveling wave magnetic field. Under the action of the traveling wave magnetic field and the secondary permanent magnet, a driving force is generated, thereby realizing the linear fixed-step movement of the moving parts. If the permanent magnet is narrowed and the ring is fitted with a narrow linear segment of the permanent magnet, a ring linear motor can be made. Through a feedback system, a relatively stable rotational step or angle can be achieved, which facilitates the positioning and adjustment of the injection channel (auxiliary impact adjustment of the liquid flow). The annular arrangement of multiple injection channels is advantageous for using linear motors that are easy to enclose. Through simple rotation or oscillation, energy concentration and discrete control of the shock wave can be achieved. Furthermore, by controlling the position of injection channels with different throat areas of the second Laval nozzle 21, the expansion ratio formed by the outlet area and throat area of ​​the second Laval nozzle 21 can be controlled, thereby controlling the location of shock wave generation according to different external pressures.

[0086] The gas chamber 61 can be structured by a diaphragm 13 that bulges out on the surface of a hemispherical structure within the explosion chamber 6 and is filled with high-pressure gas, resulting in a structure with the smallest surface area and the largest gas volume. This allows for more compressed gas within the explosion chamber 6 and facilitates the equal expansion of the spherical surface to perform work, thereby driving more oil to be ejected through the second Laval nozzle 21, which first converges and then expands, forming a high-speed shock wave. The bulging diaphragm 13 in the gas chamber 61 is similar to the vocal organs of a frog, which produce sound by rapidly expanding and causing the surrounding air to vibrate. It can be formed by the impact airflow expanding in the high-pressure gas chamber 5. The bulge forms a structure with the smallest surface area and the largest gas volume, so that the expanding compressed gas does work on the diaphragm in the explosion chamber 6 by expanding in an equal amount on a spherical surface, thereby pushing more oil out through the second Laval nozzle 21, which first converges and then expands, to form a high-speed shock wave; the diaphragm 13 can be set after the shock wave generator body is separated at the diaphragm section. After setting, a first static sealing component 28 is set between the separate shock wave generator body 2 and the shock wave generator main body 1 to ensure reliable high-pressure sealing between the separate shock wave generator main body 1 and the shock wave generator body 2.

[0087] Since the surface area of ​​a sphere is proportional to the square of its radius, and its volume is proportional to the cube of its radius, the surface area and volume of a sphere will increase at different rates as the radius increases. Specifically, when the radius of the sphere doubles, the surface area will increase fourfold, while the volume will increase eightfold; when it is doubled, the surface area will double, while the volume will increase 64 times. Therefore, the different rates of increase in the surface area and volume of a sphere result in different proportional relationships between them.

[0088] In a preferred embodiment, the high-pressure air chamber 5 is a rotating body with a hemispherical cavity at one end; the filling / discharging port 7 of the high-pressure air chamber 5 is directly connected to the hemispherical cavity; the first Laval nozzle 12 leading to the air chamber, which first converges and then expands, includes a first conical surface 8, a second conical surface 9 within the high-pressure air chamber, a throat 10 connecting the high-pressure air chamber 5 and the air chamber 61 of the burst chamber 6, and a first expanding conical surface 11 formed by the throat 10 tangentially connecting to the spherical surface of the hemispherical cavity of the air chamber; The diameter of rotation of the cavity cross-section of the compressor chamber 5, from the first conical surface 8 to the second conical surface 9, gradually decreases to reduce excessive wall viscous resistance and the viscous effect of boundary layer thickening with the flow length during gas flow. The second conical surface 9 is connected to the throat 10. The diameter of rotation of the first expanding conical surface 11 gradually increases from the throat 10 to the air chamber 61, thus forming the expansion section of the first Laval nozzle 12, which first converges and then expands. The cavity volume V of the high-pressure chamber hemispherical structure is... 11 =2 / 3πR 3 The volume V of the cavity enclosed by the first conical surface and the second conical surface. 12 =(πR 2 -πr2 )2 / 3R, where the cavity volume V of the hemispherical structure of the high-pressure air chamber is... 11 The volume V of the cavity enclosed by the first conical surface and the second conical surface 12 If they are equal, then the length from the first conical surface to the second conical surface is 2 / 3R; the total volume of the high-pressure chamber is V1≈V. 11 +V 12 ≈2 / 3πR 3 +2 / 3πR 3 =4 / 3πR 3 That is, the volume of a global sphere with radius R. Let the volume of the hemispherical gas inside the gas chamber be V', and the volume of the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber be 2V'=V1, then the total volume of the gas when the diaphragm is not compressed is V0=3V'.

[0089] The volume of the entire high-pressure chamber is equal to twice the volume of the cavity of the high-pressure chamber's hemisphere. The volume of the cavity of the hemisphere is no greater than the volume of the cavity of the high-pressure chamber's hemisphere structure, to ensure that at least two-thirds of the expanding gas originates from the high-pressure chamber. The length from the first conical surface to the second conical surface is equal to twice the radius of the high-pressure chamber's hemisphere, with an error not exceeding 10%. Where R is the radius of the high-pressure chamber's hemisphere, and r is the radius of the throat, r < <R;V 11 V is the volume of the high-pressure gas chamber hemisphere. 12 The volume is the internal volume of the high-pressure gas chamber from the first conical surface to the second conical surface.

[0090] After the high-pressure gas chamber 5 is filled with a preset high-pressure gas, the filling and releasing port is closed. The liquid chamber 62 of the explosion chamber 6 is filled with high-pressure liquid, so that the diaphragm 13 is in a bulging state towards the gas chamber 61. When the liquid pressure in the liquid chamber 62 suddenly drops, the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas chamber 5 expands and does work. The working airflow in the hemispherical volume, which accounts for at least 1 / 2 of the volume, is compressed inside the first conical surface 8 and the second conical surface 9 before rushing towards the throat 10, forming a continuously accelerating compressed airflow. After passing through the throat 10 and the first expansion conical surface 11, it is expanded and accelerated again, thereby forming an impact shock wave that impacts the diaphragm 13.

[0091] Furthermore, after the high-pressure gas chamber 5 is filled with a preset high-pressure gas, the filling and releasing port 7 is closed, and the liquid chamber of the explosion chamber is filled with high-pressure liquid, causing the diaphragm 13 to be in a bulging state towards the gas chamber 61. When the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber 62 is higher than the outlet pressure of the shock channel, the valve core 33 is driven to rotate or swing by the drive mechanism, so that the injection channel is connected to the conical nozzle and the shock channel. The hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber is ejected first, causing the pressure at the diaphragm to suddenly drop, causing the high-pressure gas in the gas chamber 61 and the high-pressure gas chamber 5 to expand and do work. Let the volume of the hemispherical gas in the gas chamber be V'=V1 / 2, the volume of the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber be V1=2V', and the total volume of the gas when the diaphragm is not compressed be V0=3V'. Then V1' is when the diaphragm is recessed into the gas chamber so that the volume of the gas chamber is 1 / 3V', that is, V1'=1 / 3V'+2V'=7 / 3V'=7 / 6V1=7 / 9V0 is the initial volume of expansion. For example, if P1' = 33 MPa is decreased to P2' = 20 MPa, then we can obtain: V2 = P1'V1' / P2' = 33 / 20 × V1' = 33 / 20 × 7 / 6V1 = V1 + 1 / 6V1 + 0.758V1 ≈ V1 + 1 / 6V1 + 3 / 4V1; and 0.758V1 ≈ 3 / 4V1 ≈ 3 / 4 × 4 / 3πR 3 =πR 3 =πR 2 ×R is exactly the volume of the cylinder formed by the hemisphere radius R that expands forward from the diaphragm area of ​​the gas chamber. This causes the high-pressure gas in the gas chamber and the high-pressure gas chamber to expand and do work. Due to the compression effect of the hydraulic force of the oil in the external liquid chamber, the expansion volume 0.758V1 may only reach (3 / 4)×(4 / 3)πR. 3 It is exactly 3 / 2 of the volume of the hemispherical air cavity.

[0092] Most of the working airflow is compressed inside the first conical surface 8 and the second conical surface 9 before reaching the throat, forming a continuously accelerating compressed airflow. After passing through the throat and the first expanding conical surface, it is further expanded and accelerated, thus forming an impact airflow shock wave on the diaphragm 13 in the air cavity 61. Since the air cavity 61 is a hemispherical cavity, and a sphere has the smallest specific surface area (smallest surface area to volume ratio), the diaphragm 13 must be optimally spherically bulging. Therefore, the airflow shock wave is also a spherically bulging shock wave. This bulging shock wave passes through the diaphragm, and this bulging shock wave can be represented as... The wave equation for a positive amplitude exponentially decaying oscillation, where P1 is the initial pressure of expansion. k The decay coefficient over time is Δt, the oscillation time is Δt, and the circumferential frequency is Δt. =2πf; Through the diaphragm, the hydraulic oil in the impact chamber is compressed and accelerated through the contraction section. The accelerated hydraulic oil forms a liquid flow shock wave through the second Laval nozzle 21. Due to the isothermal process, pV=nRT is constant. And due to the incompressibility of the oil, the volume of the gas oscillating between the high-pressure gas chamber and the gas cavity is equal to the shock wave pressure. Inversely proportional, with a phase angle difference of π / 2, since the volume V of the liquid shock wave expanding outward through the diaphragm is equal to the volume of the gas shock wave expanding outward, the volume V of the liquid shock wave can also be obtained by integrating the oscillating wave equation with an exponentially increasing positive amplitude of the agitated gas volume over the duration Δt:

[0093] The volume of the fluid shock wave V=

[0094] In the formula, V1 is the initial volume of the gas expanding between the high-pressure chamber and the gas cavity. k The decay coefficient is t, the duration of oscillation is t, and the oscillation frequency is ω = 2πf. Δt is a natural constant, and Δt is the time it takes for the diaphragm to expand from the concavity inside the air cavity to its maximum volume surface.

[0095] The liquid flow shock wave can propagate forward along the oil in the output pipeline, while the airflow shock wave in the gas chamber, under the reaction of the liquid chamber diaphragm, is reflected back to the high-pressure gas chamber through the first Laval tube 12 to form an oscillating shock wave. The oscillation frequency f is approximately (2 / 3R×2) / c (sound speed 340m / s). Therefore, during the time when the drive mechanism drives the valve core 33 to rotate or swing, connecting the injection channel with the conical nozzle and shock wave channel, due to the high oscillation frequency f, the diaphragm 13 is subjected to multiple oscillating impacts from the airflow shock wave during the process of diaphragm 13 bulging from the gas chamber into a spherical surface. Consequently, the diaphragm 13 also impacts the outflowing liquid flow shock wave multiple times. This is beneficial for the accumulation of the thickness δ of the liquid flow shock wave skin, increasing the intensity of the shock wave, so that the liquid flow shock wave carries more liquid density and momentum, and causing significant changes in the flow parameters before the shock wave front, such as pressure increase and flow velocity acceleration. This facilitates the rapid discrete transmission of the liquid flow in the delivery pipeline with diameter d. The amount of oil transmitted by each shock wave skin is:

[0096] V = πd × d / 4 × δ = V1'

[0097] In the formula, V is the amount of oil transmitted by a single shock wave liner; d is the maximum circular area of ​​the shock wave channel outlet = the hydraulic diameter of the interface pipe; δ is the thickness of a single liquid flow shock wave liner. k The decay coefficient over time, t Oscillation duration, where R is the radius of the sphere in the high-pressure gas chamber; e is the base of the natural logarithm;

[0098] The volume of the hemispherical gas in the gas chamber is V' = V1 / 2, the volume of the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber is V1 = 2V', and the total volume of the gas when the diaphragm is not compressed is V0 = 3V'. Then V1' is the volume of the gas chamber when the diaphragm is recessed into the gas chamber so that the volume of the gas chamber is 1 / 3V', that is, V1' = 1 / 3V' + 2V' = 7 / 3V' = 7 / 6V1 = 7 / 9V0 is the initial volume of expansion.

[0099] During the time it takes for the drive mechanism to rotate or swing the valve core, connecting the injection channel with the conical nozzle and shock wave channel, and during the total time Δt taken for the diaphragm to expand from the gas chamber to a spherical surface, individual liquid flow shock waves continuously accumulate, forming an accumulation of volume resembling a hemispherical onion inverted from the outside to the inside. Subsequently, within the shock wave channel, it expands into layers resembling half an onion, with a thin outer layer and a thick inner layer, superimposed to form a forward-convex spherical shock wave. In front of the shock wave is the pressure P2 within the pipeline, such as P2 = 20 MPa. Behind the shock wave is the initial pressure P1 within the explosion chamber, such as P1 = 33 MPa. P1 is also the initial pressure of the gas within the explosion chamber. Due to the overflow of oil within the explosion chamber, the pressure decreases to a level where the pressure in the gas chamber balances with that in the pipeline. Therefore:

[0100] P1 ≤P1 e -kΔt =P2≈20MPa

[0101] Therefore, we can calculate:

[0102] t=t2-t0=Δt=(1 / (-k))ln(P2 / P1)

[0103] Let the volume of the hemispherical gas in the gas chamber be V' = V1 / 2, the volume of the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber be V1 = 2V', and the total volume of the gas when the diaphragm is not compressed be V0 = 3V'. Then V1' is the volume of the gas chamber when the diaphragm is recessed into the gas chamber, making the gas chamber volume 1 / 3V' = 1 / 6V1, i.e., V1' = 1 / 3V' + 2V' = 7 / 3V' = 7 / 6V1 = 7 / 9V0.

[0104] This represents the initial volume of the expansion.

[0105] For example, if P1' = 33 MPa is decreased to P2' = 20 MPa, according to P1'V1' = P2'V2, we get:

[0106] V2=P1'V1' / P2'=33 / 20×V1'=33 / 20×7 / 6V1=V1+1 / 6V1+0.758V1≈V1+1 / 6V1+3 / 4V1;

[0107] And 0.758V1≈3 / 4V1=3 / 4*4 / 3πR 3 =πR 3 =πR2 *R is exactly the volume of the cylinder formed by the forward expansion of the diaphragm area of ​​the air cavity and the radius R of the hemisphere;

[0108] At the initial time t0=0, according to the conservation of matter, let the volume of the convex hemispherical cup-shaped body compressed by the shock wave be V3, and the density increase be ρ3=(3 / 4V1) / V3×ρ 液 The velocity is the maximum average value of the molecular cluster motion within the liquid flow, which is equal to the speed of sound c. The inertial force F = (3 / 4V1 × ρ) 液 )×c=ρ3×c×((3 / 4V1) / Δt)_, we can get ρ3=ρ 液 / Δt, combined with the aforementioned ρ3, we can obtain: V3=(3 / 4V1) / Δt=(-k)×(3 / 4V1) / (ln(P2 / P1)), where the negative sign indicates that the volume V3 of the convex hemispherical cup-shaped body compressed by the shock wave is compressed; the volume compressibility (V3 / (3 / 4V1)) is the ratio of pressure and the attenuation coefficient. k Related; because the shock wave itself is a compression wave, under the action of the inertial force F, the normal shock wave formed in the straight flow channel moves forward. Ahead of it is also a strong disturbance compression wave. The pressure change Δp caused by this disturbance is finite; from the perspective of energy conservation, it will not exceed P1-P2, but it is sufficient to cause significant changes in the flow parameters ahead of the shock wave front, such as pressure increase and velocity acceleration. Therefore, the shock wave propels the liquid flow ahead to accelerate and roll forward along the pipe wall. Furthermore, because the shock wave is followed by an expansion wave, a small pressure disturbance also exists in the liquid flow behind the shock wave, propagating in the form of a wave. The propagation speed is equal to the speed of sound c minus the forward velocity v of the shock wave, which causes... The change in fluid pressure is very small, i.e., the change in fluid pressure Δp approaches 0, causing slight changes in flow parameters before and after the disturbance. However, this is sufficient to reduce the friction between the pipe wall and the flow direction of the subsequent liquid flow. Moreover, the expansion of the oil behind the shock wave, or the suction effect caused by the inertial movement of the shock wave, will accelerate the attraction of the liquid flow to the next shock wave. In the liquid flow in front of the shock wave, the fluid oil crushed by the shock wave front has viscous rotational inertia attached to the wall and is swirled into the rear of the shock wave to form vortices. It is then pushed and accelerated by the next shock wave, thus reducing the friction between the pipe wall and the subsequent shock wave, allowing the liquid flow to propagate forward at a speed close to the speed of sound c. Because , ×abs(cosωt)≤1, therefore, V3≤V1×(k×Δt+C)=4 / 3πR 3 ×(k×Δt+C), where C is The integral coefficient is C=0 because the amount of oil transmitted by each shock wave is also 0 at Δt=0.

[0109] From Δt = (1 / (-k))ln(P2 / P1), we can obtain:

[0110] Shock volume V3≤V1×(k×Δt)=4 / 3πR 3 ×(-ln(P2 / P1);

[0111] That is, V3≤4 / 3πR 3 ×(-ln(P2 / P1)) That is to say, the larger the radius R of the sphere of the high-pressure gas chamber, when P2 / P1=20 / 33, (-ln(P2 / P1))≈0.5, and the volume of the liquid flow shock wave is approximately 2 / 3πR. 3 =V1 is the volume of a hemisphere; when the liquid flow shock wave reaches the diameter d of the delivery pipeline from the second expansion surface, the thickness δ of the liquid flow shock wave skin is just formed. At this time, the molecular clusters inside the shock wave have their own sound speed and move uniformly towards the shock wave front. The conical circular cross-section of the opening of the second expansion surface is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the delivery pipeline. Then, the pressure difference before and after the molecular clusters inside the shock wave is 0, that is, the pressure before the molecular clusters inside the shock wave skin is equal to the pressure after the shock wave skin and equal to the pressure inside the delivery pipeline, which is 20MPa; then, when P2 / P1=20 / 33, when (-ln(P2 / P1))≈0.5, the shock wave skin density ρ is:

[0112] ρ=(ρ 液 ×3 / 4V1) / V3≥(ρ 液 ×πR 3 ) / (4 / 3πR 3 ×(-ln(P2 / P1)))=3 / 4ρ 液 / (-ln(P2 / P1))≈3 / 2ρ 液

[0113] In the formula, ρ 液 Let ρ be the density of the liquid, ρ be the shock wave density, and R be the radius of the sphere in the high-pressure gas chamber.

[0114] Furthermore, because the molecular clusters within the shock wave membrane move at the highest sound speed of molecules within the oil fluid, the thickness of the shock wave membrane...

[0115] Although the degree δ is small, the compressible density is relatively large, that is, ρ≥3 / 2ρ. 液 ,but:

[0116] (ρ×V3)×c≥(V3×3 / 4ρ 液 / (-ln(P2 / P1))≈3 / 2ρ 液 ×V3×c

[0117] The large momentum and impact force cause the pressure in front of the shock wave to be greater than the liquid flow pressure in the pipeline. Consequently, the shock wave can drive the oil flowing in front of the shock wave in the pipeline to accelerate forward.

[0118] Specifically, the first Laval nozzle 12 has the structure and capability to generate supersonic shock waves: when the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure chamber 5 expands and does work, the charging and discharging port 7 is in a closed state. The expanding airflow in the rotating body cannot flow through the charging and discharging port 7 inside the arc transition surface, but can only rely on the supporting reaction of the inner cavity wall of the arc transition surface. Therefore, the shock wave generator body 2 where the high-pressure chamber 5 is located should be firmly fixed to prevent the impact formed by the reaction force. After being compressed step by step inside the first conical surface 8 and the second conical surface 9, the accelerated airflow is expanded and accelerated by the throat 10 through the first expansion conical surface 11, forming a shock wave that impacts the diaphragm 13.

[0119] In a preferred embodiment, a mounting groove is provided on the side of the shock generator body 2 facing the cover plate 27, so that a cavity is formed between the cover plate 27 and the shock generator that can accommodate the valve core 33; thrust bearings 24 are respectively provided between the end face of the valve core 33 and the end face of the shock generator body 2, and between the end face of the valve core 33 and the end face of the cover plate 27.

[0120] Specifically, the mounting groove allows the valve core 33 to be installed inside the shock generator body 2, thereby ensuring a sealed connection between the end of the shock generator body 2 and the cover plate 27, preventing interference between the valve core 33 and the cover plate 27. The thrust bearing 24 ensures the valve core 33 is stably connected within the shock generator body 2, preventing axial misalignment during rotation.

[0121] In a preferred embodiment, the drive ring 25 of the linear motor is coaxially connected to the shock generator body 2 outside the valve core 33 and is annularly connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove. The external measurement and control harness 32 can extend into the mounting groove and connect to the drive ring 25. The annular magnetic strip is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the valve core 33. There is a preset gap between the outer circumferential surface of the annular magnetic strip and the inner circumferential surface of the drive ring 25 so that the annular magnetic strip drives the valve core 33 to rotate or swing relative to the drive ring 25 after the drive ring 25 is energized.

[0122] A linear motor is a transmission device that directly converts electrical energy into linear motion mechanical energy without any intermediate conversion mechanism. It can be viewed as a rotary motor cut radially and unfolded into a plane; the part corresponding to the stator of the rotary motor is called the primary, and the part corresponding to the rotor is called the secondary. A multi-phase alternating current flowing through the primary winding generates a shifting alternating magnetic field called a traveling wave magnetic field. Under the action of the traveling wave magnetic field and the secondary permanent magnet, a driving force is generated, thereby realizing the linear motion of the moving parts.

[0123] In a preferred embodiment, the shock generator body 2 is provided with a first support groove, and the cover plate 27 is provided with a second support groove corresponding to the first support groove; the valve core 33 has a rotating shaft, one end of which is supported in the first support groove by a bearing, and the other end of which is supported in the second support groove by a bearing.

[0124] One end of the rotating shaft of the valve core 33 is connected to the shock generator body 2, and the other end can extend into the cover plate 27. A first support groove is opened in the shock generator body 2, and a bearing for connecting the rotating shaft is installed in the first support groove. A second support groove is opened in the cover plate 27 at the position corresponding to the first support groove, and a bearing for connecting the rotating shaft is installed in the second support groove, thereby realizing the rotatable connection of the rotating shaft of the valve core 33 to the shock generator body 2.

[0125] Furthermore, the bearing can be an angular contact bearing or a deep groove ball bearing; a high-speed deep groove ball bearing is preferred.

[0126] In a preferred embodiment, the gas chamber 61 of the explosion chamber 6 has a hemispherical surface on one side, and the liquid chamber 62 of the explosion chamber 6 has a rotary structure. Along the rotation axis, from the cross-section where the diaphragm 13 is located to the side away from the hemispherical surface, a third conical surface 15 and a fourth conical surface 16 with gradually decreasing rotation diameter are connected in sequence. This helps to reduce the excessive adhesion resistance and the viscous effect of the boundary layer thickening with the flow length during gas flow. The side where the liquid chamber 62 of the explosion chamber 6 is located has a third conical surface 15 and a fourth conical surface 16 connected in sequence along the axial direction. The third conical surface 15 is connected to the hemispherical surface of the gas chamber 61. The fourth conical surface 16 makes the liquid chamber 62 form a conical nozzle. The diaphragm 13 is disposed between the shock generator body 2 and the shock generator main body 1 to ensure that the diaphragm 13 is located on the cross-section of the hemispherical surface inside the explosion chamber 6.

[0127] The injection channel includes a Laval throat 22 structure formed by connecting a small chamfered throat 18 and a second expanding conical surface 19. By rotating the valve core 33, the fourth conical surface 16 can be connected to the small chamfered throat in the injection channel, and the second expanding conical surface 19 in the shock wave generator can be connected to the third expanding conical surface 20 in the shock wave channel. One side of the small chamfered throat in the injection channel has a third conical surface 15 and a fourth conical surface 16 with gradually decreasing inner diameters, and the other side of the small chamfered throat in the injection channel has a size... The second and third expanding cones gradually increase in size; the third cone 15, the fourth cone 16, the small chamfered throat of the injection channel, and the second and third expanding cones form the second Laval nozzle; the second expanding cone 19 is connected to the third expanding cone 20; the inner diameter of the third cone 15 and the fourth cone 16 gradually decreases, forming the contraction section of the second Laval nozzle 21; the inner diameter of the second expanding cone 19 to the third expanding cone 20 gradually increases, forming the expansion section of the second Laval nozzle 21.

[0128] Specifically, the chamfered throat 18 of the second Laval nozzle 21 is served by the chamfered throat 18 of the injection channel. The area of ​​the chamfered throat 18 of the second Laval nozzle 21 can be adjusted according to the area of ​​the chamfered throat 18 of the Laval small throat 10 in different injection channels within the rotary valve core 33. The size of the chamfered throat 18 of the Laval small throat 10 in the injection channel can be different or the same.

[0129] Specifically, the large-mouth end of the second expansion cone 19 of the jet channel and the small-mouth end of the third expansion cone 20 of the shock channel 23 have the same port diameter, so that the expansion section of the second Laval nozzle 21 is composed of the second expansion cone 19 of the jet channel and the third expansion cone 20 of the shock channel 23.

[0130] When the drive mechanism drives the valve core 33 to rotate or swing, so that the injection channel is connected to the conical nozzle and shock wave channel of the liquid chamber, the structure of the Laval throat in the injection channel has an automatic centering auxiliary function under the impact of the initial liquid flow. This is to facilitate the formation of a normal shock wave rather than an oblique shock wave when the hydraulic oil is compressed and accelerated out of the contraction section, so that the small chamfered throat of the injection channel is located in the center of the second Laval nozzle 21, thus reducing the energy loss of the shock wave.

[0131] In a preferred embodiment, the shock generator body 1 and the shock generator body 2 are connected by a first bolt group, and a first static sealing component 29 is connected between the shock generator body 1 and the shock generator body 2 to ensure reliable high-pressure sealing between the shock generator body 2 and the shock generator body 1; the shock generator body 1 and the cover plate are connected by a second bolt group, and a second static sealing component 28 is connected between the shock generator body 2 and the end face of the cover plate 27 to ensure reliable high-pressure sealing between the shock generator body 2 and the cover plate.

[0132] It should be noted that the first static sealing component 28 and the second static sealing component 29 can adopt an annular structure or a rectangular structure, with an annular structure being preferred. The first static sealing component 28 or the second static sealing component 29 can use an O-ring, a gasket, or other structures capable of achieving a static seal; no specific limitations are imposed.

[0133] In a preferred embodiment, the first fluid channel 3 is formed inside the shock generator body 1 and perpendicular to the rotation axis of the high-pressure gas chamber 5. The charging / discharging port 7 of the high-pressure gas chamber 5 is arranged along the rotation axis of the high-pressure gas chamber 5, and the charging / discharging port 7 can connect the first fluid channel 3 and the high-pressure gas chamber 5. The first fluid channel 3 has a high-pressure charging / discharging control port on the shock generator body 1, and a first control valve 34 is provided at the high-pressure charging / discharging control port. The first control valve has a first working state of cutting off the exhaust of the high-pressure gas chamber 5, and a second working state of connecting to an external gas source to input gas into the high-pressure gas chamber 5 through the charging port and the first fluid channel 3. It should be noted that the charging / discharging port 7 is tangent to the outer surface of the hemispherical outer surface of the high-pressure gas chamber 5, so that the distance from the first fluid channel to the high-pressure gas chamber is minimized.

[0134] Two working states can be achieved by setting the first control valve. The first working state is to allow high-pressure gas from the outside to be input into the high-pressure gas chamber 5 through the first fluid channel 3, so that the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber 5 expands and the pressure increases, which can impact the diaphragm 13. The second state is to prevent the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber 5 from flowing back to the outside gas source through the first fluid channel 3, thus preventing gas leakage.

[0135] Similarly, the second fluid channel 4 is opened inside the shock generator body 2 and communicates with the liquid chamber 62 of the explosion chamber 6; the second fluid channel 4 has a fluid inlet on the shock generator body 2 for connecting with an external high-pressure oil source, so that high-pressure hydraulic oil enters the liquid chamber through the fluid inlet and the second fluid channel 4.

[0136] The shock generator body 2 has a second fluid channel 4, which has a fluid inlet connected to the outside of the shock generator body 2. The fluid inlet 14 is connected to an external hydraulic oil source, allowing high-pressure hydraulic oil to enter the liquid chamber 62 through the fluid inlet and the second fluid channel 4. A second control valve 35 or a first check valve is installed at the fluid inlet 14 of the second fluid channel 4. The second control valve 35 or the first check valve has a first working state that cuts off the backflow of hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber 62 to the external hydraulic oil source, and a second working state that connects to the external high-pressure oil source to input oil through the fluid inlet and the second fluid channel 4 into the liquid chamber 62 of the shock chamber 6.

[0137] Two working states can be achieved by setting a second control valve or a first check valve. The first working state is that the high-pressure hydraulic oil from the outside is input into the liquid chamber 62 through the second fluid channel 4. This allows the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber 5 to expand and increase in pressure, which can impact the diaphragm 13. Under the action of the impacting gas, the diaphragm 13 further impacts the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber 62, causing the outflowing hydraulic oil to be compressed and accelerated through the contraction section. The accelerated hydraulic oil forms a positive shock wave through the second Laval nozzle 21. The second state is to prevent the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber 62 from returning to the outside through the second fluid channel 4.

[0138] To prevent the hydraulic oil entering the liquid chamber 62 from flowing back into the external high-pressure oil source, another implementation method can be adopted. A second check valve is installed in the second fluid channel 4, so that the external high-pressure oil source can enter the liquid chamber 62 of the explosion chamber 6 through the second check valve. The hydraulic oil can only flow from the high-pressure oil source to the second fluid channel 4 and cannot flow back into the external high-pressure oil source through the second check valve.

[0139] Furthermore, the first control valve can be a two-position two-way valve to realize the inflation and deflation of the high-pressure gas chamber 5; or, the second control valve can be a two-position two-way valve to realize the oil inlet and outlet of the liquid chamber 62.

[0140] For any parts not mentioned in this application, existing technologies may be used or referenced.

[0141] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0142] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A fluid shock wave generator, characterized in that, include: The shock wave generator includes a shock wave generator body and a shock wave generator core, so as to form a high-pressure gas chamber and a burst chamber connected in series; The explosion chamber is divided into a gas chamber and a liquid chamber by a diaphragm; the shock generator body and the shock generator main body are separately arranged between the gas chamber and the liquid chamber to facilitate the installation of the diaphragm; the high-pressure gas chamber has a first fluid channel for receiving external charging and discharging gas, and a throat of a first Laval nozzle that first converges and then expands leading to the gas chamber; the liquid chamber has a second fluid channel for receiving external high-pressure fluid and a conical nozzle facing the valve core; The valve core is located inside the shock generator body. The valve core has a rotating shaft, and there are multiple injection channels in a ring array around the rotating shaft that can correspond to the conical nozzle. The linear motor includes a drive ring formed by the stator of the rotary motor annularly disposed within the shock generator body, and an annular magnetic strip formed by the rotor of the rotary motor disposed outside the valve core; the annular magnetic strip can drive the valve core to rotate or oscillate under the drive of the drive ring. The cover plate is sealed to the shock generator body; the cover plate has a shock channel corresponding to the conical nozzle through the injection channel; the conical nozzle, the injection channel and the shock channel form a second Laval nozzle; The sudden depressurization of the high-pressure fluid in the conical nozzle triggers a gas flow shock wave ejected from the throat of the first Laval nozzle. This gas flow shock wave expands outward through the diaphragm to form a liquid flow shock wave. The maximum circular area of ​​the shock wave outlet and the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​multiple injection channels form a second Laval nozzle with the same or different expansion ratios, which is used to control the liquid flow shock wave to occur within the third expansion cone under different back pressure conditions.

2. A liquid flow shock generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein The high-pressure air chamber is a rotating body with a hemispherical cavity at one end; the filling and discharging port of the high-pressure air chamber is directly connected to the hemispherical cavity. The first Laval nozzle leading to the air chamber, which converges and then expands, includes a first conical surface inside the high-pressure air chamber, a second conical surface, a throat connecting the high-pressure air chamber and the air chamber of the burst chamber, and a first expanding conical surface formed by the throat tangentially connected to the spherical surface of the hemispherical cavity of the air chamber; the diameter of rotation of the high-pressure air chamber gradually decreases from the hemispherical cavity cross-section through the first conical surface to the second conical surface; the second conical surface is connected to the throat; and the diameter of rotation of the first expanding conical surface gradually increases from the throat to the air chamber.

3. A liquid flow shock generator as claimed in claim 2, wherein The cavity volume of the hemispherical structure of the high-pressure gas chamber is equal to the cavity volume enclosed by the first conical surface to the second conical surface; the volume of the hemispherical cavity of the gas chamber is not greater than the cavity volume of the hemispherical structure of the high-pressure gas chamber, and the working airflow within at least 1 / 2 of the hemispherical volume forms an impact airflow shock wave on the diaphragm in the gas chamber, which forms a liquid flow shock wave through the diaphragm.

4. A liquid flow shock generator as claimed in claim 2, wherein The gas chamber of the explosive chamber has a hemispherical surface on one side, and the liquid chamber of the explosive chamber has a rotating structure. Along the rotation axis, from the section where the diaphragm is located to the side away from the hemispherical surface, there are a third conical surface and a fourth conical surface with gradually decreasing rotation diameter connected in sequence. The injection channel has a Laval small throat structure formed by the connection of a small chamfered throat and a second expanding cone surface. By rotating the valve core, the fourth cone surface can be connected to the small chamfered throat in the injection channel, and the second expanding cone surface in the injection channel can be connected to the third expanding cone surface in the shock channel. This forms a second Laval nozzle composed of a contraction section with a gradually decreasing inner diameter formed by the third and fourth cone surfaces, the small chamfered throat in the injection channel, and an expansion section with a gradually increasing inner diameter formed by the second and third expanding cone surfaces.

5. A liquid flow shock generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein The shock generator body has a mounting groove on the side facing the cover plate, forming a cavity between the cover plate and the shock generator that can accommodate the valve core and the linear motor. The shock generator body also has a first support groove, and the cover plate has a second support groove corresponding to the first support groove. One end of the valve core rotation shaft is supported in the first support groove by a bearing, and the other end of the rotation shaft is supported in the second support groove by a bearing. Thrust bearings are respectively provided between the end face of the valve core and the end face of the shock generator body, and between the end face of the valve core and the end face of the cover plate.

6. A liquid flow shock generator as claimed in claim 5, wherein The drive ring of the linear motor is annularly mounted on the inner wall of the mounting groove and is coaxial with the valve core rotation shaft. There is a preset gap between the drive ring and the outer circumferential surface of the annular magnetic strip set on the outer circumference of the valve core. The measurement and control harness of the drive ring can extend into the mounting groove through the shock generator body and connect with the drive ring. By controlling the drive ring to drive the annular magnetic strip, the valve core can be rotated or oscillated.

7. A liquid flow shock generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein The shock generator body and the shock generator body are connected by a first bolt group, and a first static sealing component is provided between the shock generator body and the shock generator body; the shock generator body and the cover plate are connected by a second bolt group, and a second static sealing component is provided between the shock generator body and the end face of the cover plate.

8. A fluid shock wave generator as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first fluid channel is located inside the shock generator body and is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the high-pressure gas chamber. The charging and discharging port of the high-pressure gas chamber is located along the rotation axis of the high-pressure gas chamber, and the charging and discharging port can connect the first fluid channel with the high-pressure gas chamber. The first fluid channel has a high-pressure charging and discharging control port on the shock generator body. A first control valve is provided at the high-pressure charging and discharging control port. The first control valve has a first working state of cutting off the exhaust gas from the high-pressure gas chamber and a second working state of connecting with an external gas source to input gas into the high-pressure gas chamber through the charging port and the first fluid channel.

9. A liquid flow shock generator as claimed in claim 8, wherein The second fluid channel is located inside the shock generator body and is connected to the liquid chamber of the explosion chamber. The second fluid channel has a fluid inlet on the shock generator body for connecting to an external high-pressure oil source, so that high-pressure hydraulic oil enters the liquid chamber through the fluid inlet and the second fluid channel.

10. A fluid shock wave generator as described in claim 9, characterized in that, A second control valve or a first check valve is provided at the fluid inlet of the second fluid channel. The second control valve or the first check valve has a first working state of cutting off the backflow of hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber to the external hydraulic oil source, and a second working state of connecting to the external high-pressure oil source to input the oil through the fluid inlet and the second fluid channel into the liquid chamber of the explosion chamber. or, A second one-way valve is installed in the second fluid channel, so that the external high-pressure oil source can enter the liquid chamber of the explosion chamber through the second one-way valve, while the oil in the liquid chamber cannot flow back to the external high-pressure oil source through the second one-way valve.

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