Rock mass sample in-situ preparation device

Abstract

The rock mass sample in-situ preparation device comprises a high-pressure water pump, a controller and a cutting device, the cutting device comprises a rock mass drilling rod, a mixing chamber, a grinding material pipe, a pneumatic valve, a flow deflector, a collimator and a nozzle, and the top of the rock mass drilling rod is connected with the high-pressure water pump; the mixing chamber is located at the bottom of the rock drilling rod; the grinding material pipe is located on one side of the rock mass drilling rod, and the bottom of the grinding material pipe communicates with the mixing chamber; the pneumatic valve is arranged at the joint of the bottom of the grinding pipe and the mixing chamber; the flow deflectors are mounted in the mixing chamber, and the diameters of the flow deflectors are gradually reduced from top to bottom; the top of the collimator tube is communicated with a bottom outlet of the mixing chamber; the nozzle is located at the bottom of the collimator tube, and a four-stage acceleration channel is arranged in the nozzle. According to the rock mass sample in-situ preparation device, the working mode can be automatically adjusted under different rock stratum conditions, representative samples can be rapidly and accurately obtained from rock masses, and the rock mass sample in-situ preparation device is suitable for different types of rock masses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of rock mass engineering technology, specifically relating to an in-situ preparation device for rock mass samples. Background Technology

[0002] Rock sample preparation is a crucial task in geotechnical engineering investigation, typically involving in-situ sampling through drilling and cutting. However, traditional rock sample preparation methods face significant challenges in hard rock or complex geological conditions, especially when the rock strata are hard and have low porosity. Traditional cutting methods are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but can also damage the sample or fail to provide complete in-situ rock mass information. Existing in-situ rock sample preparation devices mostly employ mechanical cutting methods, which consume substantial human and mechanical resources and are not suitable for all rock mass types. For hard or brittle rock masses, mechanical cutting easily damages the sample, failing to effectively preserve its original structure and characteristics. Therefore, how to efficiently and safely collect rock samples under different geological conditions has become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of geotechnical engineering.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of high-pressure water jet technology and abrasive jetting technology, these novel methods have gradually been applied in geotechnical engineering. High-pressure water jetting can generate concentrated energy on the surface of rock masses, thereby achieving the purpose of rock fragmentation, and is suitable for rock masses of varying hardness. Abrasive jetting technology, on the other hand, effectively fragments rock masses and forms samples through high-speed jetting of abrasive particles. By combining high-pressure water jetting with abrasive jetting technology, not only can the efficiency of rock sample preparation be improved, but also the damage to rock samples can be reduced, and good adaptability can be demonstrated under complex geological conditions.

[0004] However, existing high-pressure water jet and abrasive spraying devices often lack adaptability to different geological conditions, and a highly efficient sample preparation system capable of automatic adjustment and precise control has not yet been developed. Furthermore, most existing devices are prone to abrasive and liquid leakage during operation, affecting the stability and safety of the device. Therefore, designing a device that can adjust its operating mode according to different rock strata conditions, reduce energy consumption, and improve the efficiency of rock mass sample preparation has become an important direction for technological development in the field of geotechnical engineering. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes an in-situ preparation device for rock mass samples.

[0006] This utility model discloses an in-situ rock mass sample preparation device, comprising a high-pressure water pump, a controller, and a cutting device. The cutting device includes: a rock mass drilling rod, the top of which is connected to the high-pressure water pump; a mixing chamber located at the bottom of the rock mass drilling rod and connected to it; an abrasive tube inclinedly disposed on one side of the rock mass drilling rod, with an abrasive inlet at its top and a connection between its bottom and the mixing chamber; a pneumatic valve located at the bottom of the abrasive tube connected to the mixing chamber; a guide vane rotatably mounted in the mixing chamber, with its diameter decreasing from top to bottom; a collimating tube located below the mixing chamber, its top connected to the bottom outlet of the mixing chamber; a nozzle located at the bottom of the collimating tube, with four-stage acceleration channels inside; and a controller connected to both the high-pressure water pump and the pneumatic valve.

[0007] The rock drilling rod is a hollow, adjustable-length rock drilling rod, which is composed of multiple rod sections connected by threads or flanges, and the outer surface of the multiple rod sections is marked with length scales.

[0008] The pneumatic valve is a solenoid-controlled pneumatic valve. The opening and closing of the air passage is controlled by energizing or de-energizing the solenoid coil, thereby driving the pneumatic valve to control the connection between the abrasive tube and the mixing chamber.

[0009] The guide vane is a rotatable spiral guide vane, including a rotating shaft and spiral blades with diameters decreasing from top to bottom. The spiral blades are located outside the rotating shaft, and the surface of the spiral blades is coated with a diamond-like carbon coating or a tungsten carbide coating.

[0010] The mixing chamber is also equipped with a high-pressure water nozzle, which is located at the top of the mixing chamber and connected to the bottom of the rock drilling rod.

[0011] The mixing chamber is equipped with a transverse support that runs through the side wall of the mixing chamber. The inside of the transverse support is a cavity. A gear track is installed in the cavity along the length of the transverse support. One end of the gear track is engaged with the top of the rotating shaft inside the mixing chamber, and the other end is engaged with the rotating linkage shaft outside the mixing chamber. The bottom end of the rotating linkage shaft is connected to a rotating motor.

[0012] The axis of the abrasive tube forms a 45° angle with the vertical axis of the mixing chamber.

[0013] The inner diameter of the collimator gradually decreases along the jet direction.

[0014] The four-stage acceleration channel inside the nozzle includes an inlet section, a transition section, a throat section, and an outlet section connected sequentially from top to bottom. The inlet section is connected to the collimator. Both the inlet section and the transition section are frustum-shaped, the throat section is cylindrical, and the outlet section is conical.

[0015] The length of the inlet section is 20mm, the inner diameter decreases from 8mm to 6mm from top to bottom, and the cone angle is 12°. The length of the transition section is 15mm, the inner diameter decreases from 6mm to 3mm from top to bottom, and the cone angle is 8°.

[0016] The inner wall of the transition section is provided with a spiral groove along the circumference, and the two ends of the spiral groove are respectively connected to the inlet section and the throat section.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are that the in-situ rock mass sample preparation device of this utility model uses high-pressure water jet technology and abrasive spraying technology to automatically adjust the working mode under different rock strata conditions, so as to quickly and accurately obtain representative samples from the rock mass, while ensuring the integrity of the samples. It is applicable to different types of rock masses, reduces energy consumption, ensures the integrity of rock samples, and avoids leakage of liquids and abrasives. It has the characteristics of high efficiency, safety and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the in-situ rock mass sample preparation device of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mixing chamber of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the nozzle of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the present invention and a high-pressure pump.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft and horizontal support of the guide vane of this utility model.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] 1. High-pressure liquid inlet; 2. Rock drilling rod; 3. Abrasive inlet; 4. Nozzle; 5. Mixing chamber; 6. Pneumatic valve; 7. Collimation tube; 8. High-speed abrasive jet; 9. High-pressure water nozzle; 10. Abrasive tube; 11. Rotating shaft; 12. Rotating blade; 13. Inlet section; 14. Transition section; 15. Throat section; 16. Outlet section; 17. Spiral groove; 18. Vertical support; 19. Rotating motor; 20. Horizontal support; 21. Gear; 22. Gear track; 23. Rotary linkage shaft; A. High-pressure water pump; B. Cutting device; C. Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0026] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the in-situ rock sample preparation device of this invention includes a high-pressure water pump A, a controller C, and a cutting device B connected to each other. The high-pressure water pump A provides a high-pressure water flow to apply a crushing force to the surface of the rock mass. The cutting device B crushes and cuts the rock mass by spraying abrasive. The controller C automatically adjusts the water flow pressure and abrasive spraying rate according to different geological conditions, controls the operating status of the device, and monitors the water flow pressure, abrasive spraying volume, and device operating status in real time to ensure the stability and safety of the equipment.

[0027] The cutting device B includes a rock drilling rod 1, a mixing chamber 5, an abrasive tube 10, a pneumatic valve 6, a guide vane, a collimating tube 7, and a nozzle 4. The top of the rock drilling rod 1 is connected to a high-pressure water pump A. The rock drilling rod 1 is a hollow, adjustable-length rod, composed of multiple sections connected by threads or flanges. The outer surface of each section is marked with length graduations. The length of the rock drilling rod 1 can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0028] The top of the rock drilling rod 1 is the high-pressure liquid inlet 1, which is connected to an external high-pressure water pump A. The liquid pressure range is 200-400MPa, and the liquid medium is water or other fluids suitable for rock breaking.

[0029] The mixing chamber 5 is located at the bottom of the rock drilling rod 1 and is connected to the rock drilling rod 1. The mixing chamber 5 is also equipped with a high-pressure water nozzle 9, made of sapphire or tungsten carbide. The high-pressure water nozzle 9 is located at the top of the mixing chamber 5 and is connected to the bottom of the rock drilling rod 1. The high-pressure liquid from the high-pressure water pump A passes through the rock drilling rod 1 and is sprayed into the mixing chamber 5 from the high-pressure water nozzle 9.

[0030] The abrasive tube 10 is inclinedly disposed on one side of the rock drilling rod 1, with its axis forming a 45° angle with the vertical axis of the mixing chamber 5. The top of the abrasive tube 10 has an abrasive inlet 3, and its bottom is connected to the mixing chamber 5. The abrasive inlet 3 is connected to an abrasive supply device, and the abrasive is at least one of quartz sand, corundum, steel shot, or other suitable abrasives for rock breaking. The abrasive enters the abrasive tube 10 through the abrasive inlet 3 and then passes through the pneumatic valve 6 into the mixing chamber 5. After entering the mixing chamber 5, the abrasive mixes with the high-pressure liquid ejected from the high-pressure water nozzle 9.

[0031] A pneumatic valve 6 is located at the bottom of the abrasive tube 10, connecting to the mixing chamber 5. This pneumatic valve 6 is a solenoid-controlled valve, a prior art technology. Its control end is connected to an external air source. The opening and closing of the air path is controlled by energizing or de-energizing the solenoid coil, thereby driving the pneumatic valve to control the connection between the abrasive tube 10 and the mixing chamber 5. The pneumatic valve 6 is connected to a controller, which controls the opening state of the valve, thus controlling the abrasive ratio. This allows for adjustment of abrasive usage based on geological conditions: in hard rock or complex geological conditions, the pneumatic valve 6 is open, allowing abrasive to be mixed with high-pressure liquid to form a high-speed abrasive jet 8; in soft rock areas, the pneumatic valve 6 can be closed, forming a high-pressure liquid jet.

[0032] The guide vanes are rotatably installed in the mixing chamber 5, and the diameter of the guide vanes decreases from top to bottom.

[0033] The guide vane is a rotatable helical guide vane located at the lower part of the mixing chamber 5. It includes a rotating shaft 11 and helical blades 12 with a diameter decreasing from top to bottom. The helical blades 12 themselves can be made of diamond-like carbon and have a certain thickness. The diameter of the guide vane decreases linearly from the inlet end to the outlet end, forming a gradually narrowing flow channel. The helical blades 12 are fixedly welded to the outside of the rotating shaft 11, and the surface of the helical blades 12 is coated with a diamond-like carbon coating or a tungsten carbide coating. The purpose is to reduce abrasive wear. The coating thickness is 10μm, the coefficient of friction is <0.1, and the hardness is ≥85HRA.

[0034] The mixing chamber 5 is provided with a horizontal support 20 that runs through the side wall of the mixing chamber 5. The horizontal support 20 is hollow inside. A gear track 22 is installed in the cavity along the length of the horizontal support. One end of the gear track 22 is engaged with the top of the rotating shaft 11 inside the mixing chamber 5, and the other end is engaged with the rotating linkage shaft 23 outside the mixing chamber 5. A vertical support 18 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 23. The bottom end of the rotating linkage shaft 23 is connected to a rotating motor 19.

[0035] Both ends of the horizontal support 20 are provided with longitudinal through holes at the positions where they connect to the rotating shaft 11 and the rotating linkage shaft 23. The upper ends of the rotating shaft 11 and the rotating linkage shaft 23 are provided with recesses that cooperate with the through holes. A gear 21 that meshes with the gear track 22 is fitted in the middle of the recess, so that the rotating shaft 11 can drive the spiral blade 12 to rotate. A sealing ring is also fitted in the recess.

[0036] When the rotating motor 19 starts, it can drive the rotating linkage shaft 23 to rotate. The rotating linkage shaft 23 drives the rotating shaft 11 to rotate through the gear track 22, thereby driving the rotating blade 12 to rotate.

[0037] High-pressure water and abrasive particles form a shear flow within the cavity of mixing chamber 5. The mixing chamber 5, through the synergistic effect of the shear flow and rotatable spiral guide vanes, forms a dynamically shrinking flow channel. (See...) Figure 2 Specifically, this includes: high-pressure water and abrasive are tangentially injected into the cavity above the mixing chamber 5 through high-pressure liquid inlet 1 and abrasive inlet 3, respectively, forming a shear flow generation section and creating a velocity gradient shear layer within the cavity. The shear force breaks the abrasive clusters into a single-particle dispersion (improving particle size uniformity by 40%). As the guide vanes rotate, a dynamic shrinkage channel is formed, and by controlling the rotational speed of the guide vanes, it covers all working conditions from hard rock to soft rock.

[0038] The collimator 7 is located below the mixing chamber 5, and its top is connected to the bottom outlet of the mixing chamber 5; the inner diameter of the collimator 7 gradually decreases along the jet direction. The collimator 7 is made of wear-resistant material, preferably hard alloy or ceramic composite material.

[0039] Nozzle 4 is located at the bottom of collimator 7 and is made of sapphire or tungsten carbide. Nozzle 4 has a four-stage acceleration channel inside.

[0040] The four-stage acceleration channel within nozzle 4 comprises, from top to bottom, an inlet section 13, a transition section 14, a throat section 15, and an outlet section 16. These sections work synergistically to achieve a high-speed, wear-resistant, and high-energy jet. Inlet section 13 connects to collimator 7. Both inlet section 13 and transition section 14 are frustum-shaped, but the diameter contraction of transition section 14 is significantly greater than that of inlet section 13; that is, the inlet-outlet diameter ratio of transition section 14 is greater than that of inlet section 13. Throat section 15 is cylindrical, and outlet section 16 is conical. The high-pressure water abrasive jet is smoothly introduced from inlet section 13, avoiding initial turbulence. The contraction of transition section 14 increases the flow velocity to the pre-acceleration stage, and the conical outlet section 16 forms the high-speed abrasive jet 8.

[0041] The inlet section 13 is 20 mm long, with an inner diameter decreasing from 8 mm to 6 mm from top to bottom, and a cone angle of 12°. The transition section 14 is 15 mm long, with an inner diameter decreasing from 6 mm to 3 mm from top to bottom, and a cone angle of 8°. The throat section 15 is a cylindrical straight pipe with a diameter of 3 mm and a length of 10 mm. The outlet section 16 has a diameter decreasing from 3 mm to 1.5 mm, a cone angle of 5°, and a length of 15 mm. The outlet diameter of the outlet section can also range from 0.5 to 2.0 mm.

[0042] The inner wall of the transition section 14 is provided with a spiral groove 17 along the circumference to induce a swirling effect, which makes the abrasive particles centrifugally distributed, reduces collision with the wall surface, and further increases the flow rate. The two ends of the spiral groove 17 are connected to the inlet section 13 and the throat section 15, respectively.

[0043] The controller C also needs to be connected to the sensor to monitor geological information such as rock hardness and porosity. The controller C automatically adjusts the high-pressure water flow pressure and abrasive injection rate based on the sensor signals.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] When the pneumatic valve 6 is closed, the high-pressure water pump A sends water to the rock drilling rod 1 through the water pipe. The water flows through the mixing chamber 5 and the collimating pipe 7 and enters the nozzle 1. The nozzle 1 sprays the water into the rock surface in a high-pressure form, generating a crushing force.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] When the pneumatic valve 6 is opened, the high-pressure water pump A sends water to the rock drilling rod 1 through the water pipe. The water flows through the high-pressure water nozzle 9 and enters the mixing chamber 5. The abrasive enters the mixing chamber through the abrasive pipe 10. After the high-pressure water and abrasive are mixed in the mixing chamber, they pass through the collimating pipe 7 and enter the nozzle 4. The high-speed abrasive jet 8 is sprayed from the nozzle 4 onto the surface of the rock mass.

[0048] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0049] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0051] In this utility model, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this utility model. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0052] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Any changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rock mass sample in-situ preparation device comprising a high pressure water pump, a controller and a cutting device, characterized in that, The cutting device includes: A rock drilling rod, the top of which is connected to a high-pressure water pump; A mixing chamber located at the bottom of the rock drilling rod and connected to the rock drilling rod; The abrasive tube is inclinedly disposed on one side of the rock drilling rod, with an abrasive inlet at the top and the bottom of the abrasive tube communicating with the mixing chamber. A pneumatic valve is located at the bottom of the abrasive tube where it connects to the mixing chamber. A flow guide vane is rotatably mounted in the mixing chamber, and the diameter of the flow guide vane decreases from top to bottom; A collimating tube is located below the mixing chamber, and the top of the collimating tube is connected to the bottom outlet of the mixing chamber; The nozzle is located at the bottom of the collimator and has four-stage acceleration channels inside. The controller is connected to the high-pressure water pump and the pneumatic valve respectively.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The rock drilling rod is a hollow, adjustable-length rock drilling rod, which is composed of multiple rod sections connected by threads or flanges, and the outer surface of the multiple rod sections is marked with length scales.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The pneumatic valve is a solenoid-controlled pneumatic valve. The opening and closing of the air passage is controlled by energizing or de-energizing the solenoid coil, thereby driving the pneumatic valve to control the connection between the abrasive tube and the mixing chamber.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The guide vane is a rotatable spiral guide vane, including a rotating shaft and spiral blades with diameters decreasing from top to bottom. The spiral blades are located outside the rotating shaft, and the surface of the spiral blades is coated with a diamond-like carbon coating or a tungsten carbide coating.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The mixing chamber is also equipped with a high-pressure water nozzle, which is located at the top of the mixing chamber and connected to the bottom of the rock drilling rod.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the apparatus is configured to: The mixing chamber is equipped with a horizontal support that runs through the side wall of the mixing chamber. The inside of the horizontal support is a cavity. A gear track is installed in the cavity along the length of the horizontal support. One end of the gear track is engaged with the top of the rotating shaft inside the mixing chamber, and the other end is engaged with the rotating linkage shaft outside the mixing chamber. A vertical support is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft, and the bottom end of the rotating linkage shaft is connected to a rotating motor.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The axis of the abrasive tube forms a 45° angle with the vertical axis of the mixing chamber, and the inner diameter of the collimating tube gradually decreases along the jet direction.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The four-stage acceleration channel inside the nozzle includes an inlet section, a transition section, a throat section, and an outlet section connected sequentially from top to bottom. The inlet section is connected to the collimator. Both the inlet section and the transition section are frustum-shaped, the throat section is cylindrical, and the outlet section is conical.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein: The length of the inlet section is 20mm, the inner diameter decreases from 8mm to 6mm from top to bottom, and the cone angle is 12°. The length of the transition section is 15mm, the inner diameter decreases from 6mm to 3mm from top to bottom, and the cone angle is 8°.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein: The inner wall of the transition section is provided with a spiral groove along the circumference, and the two ends of the spiral groove are respectively connected to the inlet section and the throat section.

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