Perovskite crystalline silicon four-terminal laminated assembly
By setting up parallel perovskite cell units and series crystalline silicon cell units in a perovskite-silicon four-terminal stacked module, the open-circuit voltage difference is balanced, solving the compatibility problem between perovskite and crystalline silicon modules and improving the stability and photoelectric conversion efficiency of perovskite cells.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- RENSHUO SOLAR ENERGY (SUZHOU) CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-21
AI Technical Summary
Differences in electrical performance parameters between perovskite modules and crystalline silicon modules result in significant differences in open-circuit voltage, increasing the risk of breakdown in perovskite cells.
A perovskite-silicon four-terminal stacked module is designed. By setting multiple perovskite cell units connected in parallel in the perovskite module and multiple crystalline silicon cell units connected in series in the crystalline silicon module, the perovskite module and the crystalline silicon module are ensured to have the same area and the open-circuit voltage difference is within a preset range. Insulation or electrical connection is achieved by using a spacer layer.
It improves the efficiency, stability, and reliability of perovskite solar cells, avoids the risk of breakdown, and enhances photoelectric conversion efficiency and stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN224154591U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic cell technology, and in particular to a perovskite crystalline silicon four-terminal stacked module. Background Technology
[0002] Photovoltaic power generation, as a technology that converts solar energy into electrical energy, has advantages such as safety, zero pollution, and renewability, and is widely considered one of the most promising renewable energy utilization methods. Among many new solar cell technologies, perovskite solar cells have attracted much attention due to their high efficiency, solution-based fabrication, and low cost. Perovskite cells utilize perovskite materials as the photoelectric conversion layer, which can efficiently convert solar energy into electrical energy, and have good development potential.
[0003] In perovskite solar cells, a four-terminal stacked structure is a common design, combining perovskite and crystalline silicon modules to improve efficiency and performance. However, differences in electrical performance parameters between perovskite and crystalline silicon modules can lead to compatibility issues. The difference in open-circuit voltage between the two modules can be too large, increasing the risk of perovskite cell breakdown. Therefore, it is urgent to address the technical challenge of addressing the significant difference in open-circuit voltage between perovskite and crystalline silicon modules in four-terminal stacked perovskite-crystalline silicon solar cells. Utility Model Content
[0004] This invention provides a perovskite-silicon four-terminal stacked module to balance the open-circuit voltage of the perovskite module and the crystalline silicon module, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the perovskite cell.
[0005] The first aspect of this utility model provides a perovskite-silicon four-terminal stacked module, which includes: a perovskite module, a crystalline silicon module, and a spacer layer; the perovskite module is located on the side of the spacer layer opposite to the crystalline silicon module;
[0006] The perovskite module includes multiple perovskite cell units; each perovskite cell unit is connected in parallel.
[0007] The crystalline silicon module includes multiple crystalline silicon cell units; each of the crystalline silicon cell units is connected in series.
[0008] The area of the perovskite module is the same as that of the crystalline silicon module, and the difference between the open-circuit voltage of the perovskite module and the open-circuit voltage of the crystalline silicon module is within a preset difference range.
[0009] Optionally, the perovskite solar cell units are arranged at intervals between each other;
[0010] The perovskite assembly further includes a first conductive gate line and a second conductive gate line;
[0011] The perovskite solar cell includes a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and a perovskite layer located between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer.
[0012] The first electrode layer of each perovskite solar cell is electrically connected through the first conductive grid line, and the second electrode layer of each perovskite solar cell is electrically connected through the second conductive grid line.
[0013] Optionally, the perovskite module includes a perovskite solar cell;
[0014] The perovskite solar cell includes multiple perovskite solar cell regions; each perovskite solar cell region is a perovskite solar cell unit.
[0015] The perovskite solar cell includes a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, a perovskite layer located between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, a first conductive grid line located on the side of the first electrode layer away from the perovskite layer, and a second conductive grid line located on the side of the second electrode layer away from the perovskite layer.
[0016] The first conductive grid line is in contact with the first electrode layer of each of the perovskite battery regions, and the second conductive grid line is in contact with the second electrode layer of each of the perovskite battery regions.
[0017] Optionally, each of the perovskite solar cell units is arranged sequentially along a first direction.
[0018] Optionally, the first conductive grid line includes a first main grid line extending along the first direction and a plurality of first branch grid lines extending along the second direction; the first main grid line is electrically connected to each of the first branch grid lines; each of the first branch grid lines is electrically connected to the first electrode layer of each of the perovskite solar cell units.
[0019] The second conductive grid line includes a second main grid line extending along the first direction and a plurality of second branch grid lines extending along the second direction; the second main grid line is electrically connected to each of the second branch grid lines; each of the second branch grid lines is electrically connected to the second electrode layer of each of the perovskite solar cell units.
[0020] The first direction intersects with the second direction.
[0021] Optionally, the crystalline silicon cell units are arranged at intervals between each other;
[0022] Each of the crystalline silicon cell units includes multiple cell strings; the cell strings in the same crystalline silicon cell unit are connected in series via a third conductive grid line.
[0023] The battery strings of any two adjacent crystalline silicon battery cells are connected in series through a fourth conductive grid line.
[0024] Optionally, each of the battery strings in each of the crystalline silicon units is arranged sequentially along a first direction.
[0025] Optionally, the crystalline silicon module further includes a first lead-out electrode and a second lead-out electrode;
[0026] The first lead electrode is electrically connected to the first pole of the battery string located at the beginning of the arrangement, and the second lead electrode is electrically connected to the second pole of the battery string located at the end of the arrangement.
[0027] The first lead-out electrode and the second lead-out electrode are located on the same side of each of the battery strings.
[0028] Optionally, the crystalline silicon module includes a crystalline silicon solar cell;
[0029] The crystalline silicon solar cell includes multiple battery strings; each battery string is a crystalline silicon solar cell unit.
[0030] Any two adjacent battery strings are connected in series through a third conductive grid line.
[0031] Optionally, the battery strings are arranged sequentially along the second direction;
[0032] The crystalline silicon module further includes a first lead-out electrode and a second lead-out electrode;
[0033] The first lead electrode is electrically connected to the first electrode of the battery string located at the beginning of the arrangement, and the second lead electrode is electrically connected to the second electrode of the battery string located at the end of the arrangement.
[0034] The first lead-out electrode and the second lead-out electrode are located on the same side of each of the battery strings.
[0035] The technical solution of this utility model, by setting a perovskite module, a crystalline silicon module, and a spacer layer in a perovskite four-terminal stacked module, and positioning the perovskite module on the side of the spacer layer away from the crystalline silicon module, allows the perovskite-crystalline silicon four-terminal stacked module to fully utilize the advantages of both materials, improving the efficiency, stability, and reliability of the perovskite cell, thereby better meeting the needs under different operating conditions. Simultaneously, by setting multiple perovskite cell units connected in parallel in the perovskite module and multiple crystalline silicon cell units connected in series in the crystalline silicon module, and by setting the area of the perovskite module to be the same as that of the crystalline silicon module, the difference between the open-circuit voltage of the perovskite module and the open-circuit voltage of the crystalline silicon module is kept within a preset range. This balances the open-circuit voltage of the perovskite module and the crystalline silicon module while improving light utilization, avoiding the risk of perovskite cell breakdown, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the perovskite-crystalline silicon cell and ensuring high stability and reliability.
[0036] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this utility model, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Other features of this utility model will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description
[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a perovskite-silicon four-terminal stacked component provided in this embodiment of the present invention;
[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a perovskite component provided in an embodiment of this utility model;
[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a crystalline silicon module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a perovskite battery cell provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another perovskite component provided in this embodiment of the present invention;
[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a perovskite solar cell provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another crystalline silicon module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0045] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0046] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the utility model described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.
[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a perovskite-silicon four-terminal stacked module provided in an embodiment of this utility model, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the perovskite four-terminal stacked module includes a perovskite module 1, a crystalline silicon module 2, and a spacer layer 3. The perovskite module 1 is located on the side of the spacer layer 3 facing away from the crystalline silicon module 2. The perovskite module 1 includes multiple perovskite cell units connected in parallel; the crystalline silicon module 2 includes multiple crystalline silicon cell units connected in series; wherein, the area of the perovskite module 1 is the same as the area of the crystalline silicon module 2, and the difference between the open-circuit voltage of the perovskite module 1 and the open-circuit voltage of the crystalline silicon module 2 is within a preset difference range.
[0048] The perovskite module 1 is composed of multiple perovskite cell units connected in parallel. The perovskite module 1 includes a perovskite layer that efficiently absorbs sunlight and converts it into electrical energy, resulting in a high photoelectric conversion efficiency. The crystalline silicon module 2 is composed of multiple crystalline silicon cell units connected in series. The crystalline silicon module 2 may include doped monocrystalline silicon and / or polycrystalline silicon layers. The crystalline silicon module 2 complements the spectral response range of the perovskite module 1, enabling more effective utilization of light energy at different wavelengths. This allows the perovskite four-terminal stacked module composed of the perovskite module 1 and the crystalline silicon module 2 to achieve a high photoelectric conversion efficiency. The spacer layer 3 can insulate or electrically connect the conductive layers in the perovskite module 1 and the crystalline silicon module 2. For example, the spacer layer 3 may include a conductive portion and an insulating portion. The conductive portion is made of a conductive material, and the conductive layers in the perovskite module 1 and the crystalline silicon module 2 can be electrically connected through the conductive portion. The insulating portion is made of an insulating material, and it can support and isolate the perovskite module 1 and the crystalline silicon module 2 from each other, preventing them from interfering with each other. By providing the spacer layer 3, the perovskite module 1 and the crystalline silicon module 2 can be connected in parallel. In an exemplary embodiment, the spacer layer 3 may include a locally conductive adhesive film. The substrate of the locally conductive adhesive film may include a transparent adhesive film material, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and the conductive material of the locally conductive adhesive film may include a transparent conductive material, such as carbon nitride, fullerene, or titanium nitride.
[0049] This embodiment sets the perovskite-silicon four-terminal stacked module as a stacked structure of perovskite module 1 and crystalline silicon module 2, so that the perovskite-silicon four-terminal stacked module can make full use of the advantages of the two materials, improve the efficiency, stability and reliability of perovskite cells, and thus better meet the needs under different working conditions.
[0050] It is understood that the perovskite module 1 includes multiple perovskite cell units, that is, the number of perovskite cell units in the perovskite module 1 can be two or more, and the specific design can be made according to actual needs. This embodiment of the invention does not specifically limit this. For example, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, the perovskite module 1 may include four perovskite battery units, namely a first perovskite battery unit 101, a second perovskite battery unit 102, a third perovskite battery unit 103, and a fourth perovskite battery unit 104, wherein the first perovskite battery unit 101, the second perovskite battery unit 102, the third perovskite battery unit 103, and the fourth perovskite battery unit 104 are connected in parallel.
[0051] It is also understood that the crystalline silicon module 2 includes multiple crystalline silicon cell units, that is, the number of crystalline silicon cell units in the crystalline silicon module 2 can be two or more, and the specific design can be made according to actual needs. This embodiment of the invention does not specifically limit this. For example, as... Figure 3 As shown, the crystalline silicon module 2 may include four crystalline silicon cell units, namely a first crystalline silicon cell unit 201, a second crystalline silicon cell unit 202, a third crystalline silicon cell unit 203, and a fourth crystalline silicon cell unit 204, wherein the first crystalline silicon cell unit 201, the second crystalline silicon cell unit 202, the third crystalline silicon cell unit 203, and the fourth crystalline silicon cell unit 204 are connected in series.
[0052] Reference Figures 1 to 3 The area of the perovskite module 1 is the same as the area of the crystalline silicon module 2. However, the areas of each perovskite cell in the perovskite module 1 may be the same or different, the areas of each crystalline silicon cell in the crystalline silicon module 2 may be the same or different, and the areas of the perovskite cell and the crystalline silicon cell may be the same or different. In an exemplary embodiment, refer to... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the perovskite cell units in perovskite module 1 have the same area, and the crystalline silicon cell units in crystalline silicon module 2 have the same area. Furthermore, the perovskite cell units and crystalline silicon cell units have the same area. Therefore, the number of perovskite cell units in perovskite module 1 is the same as the number of crystalline silicon cell units in crystalline silicon module 2, ensuring that the area of perovskite module 1 is the same as that of crystalline silicon module 2. Simultaneously, the dimensions of perovskite module 1 and crystalline silicon module 2 are identical in the first and second intersecting directions, ensuring the effectiveness of the perovskite-crystalline silicon four-terminal stacked module formed by stacking perovskite module 1 and crystalline silicon module 2.
[0053] Furthermore, due to differences in materials and processes between perovskite module 1 and crystalline silicon module 2, the open-circuit voltage of perovskite cell units is typically greater than that of crystalline silicon cell units of the same area. In this case, the number of perovskite cell units to be connected in parallel and the number of crystalline silicon cell units to be connected in series can be determined based on the ratio between the open-circuit voltages of individual perovskite cell units and individual crystalline silicon cell units. This ensures that the perovskite module composed of perovskite cell units and the crystalline silicon module composed of crystalline silicon cell units have the same or similar open-circuit voltages, allowing perovskite module 1 and crystalline silicon module 2 to have the same light-receiving area.
[0054] For example, a perovskite solar cell with dimensions of 1.2m * 0.6m can have an open-circuit voltage of 100V, while a crystalline silicon solar cell with dimensions of 1.2m * 0.6m has an open-circuit voltage of 25V. In this case, by connecting four perovskite solar cells in parallel to form a perovskite module 1, and connecting four crystalline silicon solar cells in series to form a crystalline silicon module 2, the open-circuit voltage of both perovskite module 1 and crystalline silicon module 2 is achieved while ensuring that their areas are the same. This means that the difference between the open-circuit voltages of perovskite module 1 and crystalline silicon module 2 is within a preset range. Specifically, the preset range can be understood as the difference between the open-circuit voltages of perovskite module 1 and crystalline silicon module 2 being less than 10V.
[0055] In this embodiment, by assembling a perovskite module, a crystalline silicon module, and a spacer layer in a perovskite four-terminal stacked module, and positioning the perovskite module on the side of the spacer layer facing away from the crystalline silicon module, the perovskite-crystalline silicon four-terminal stacked module can fully utilize the advantages of both materials, improving the efficiency, stability, and reliability of the perovskite solar cell, thereby better meeting the needs under different operating conditions. Simultaneously, by assembling multiple perovskite cell units connected in parallel in the perovskite module and multiple crystalline silicon cell units connected in series in the crystalline silicon module, and by assembling the perovskite module with the same area as the crystalline silicon module, the difference between the open-circuit voltage of the perovskite module and the open-circuit voltage of the crystalline silicon module is kept within a preset range. This balances the open-circuit voltages of the perovskite and crystalline silicon modules while improving light utilization, avoiding the breakdown risk of the perovskite cell, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the perovskite-crystalline silicon solar cell and ensuring its high stability and reliability.
[0056] Optional, refer to the reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 The perovskite solar cell units are arranged at intervals; the perovskite module 1 also includes a first conductive grid line 11 and a second conductive grid line 12; the perovskite solar cell unit includes a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and a perovskite layer located between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer; the first electrode layers of each perovskite solar cell unit are electrically connected through the first conductive grid line 11, and the second electrode layers of each perovskite solar cell unit are electrically connected through the second conductive grid line 12.
[0057] Specifically, the perovskite layer 03 can be understood as the light-absorbing layer in the perovskite solar cell, used to absorb light energy and generate electron-hole pairs under the excitation of light energy. The perovskite layer 03 is composed of perovskite materials, such as methylamine lead iodide perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3). The first electrode layer 01 and the second electrode layer 02 are used to transport different types of charge carriers, thereby forming a current between the first electrode layer 01 and the second electrode layer 02. For example, electrons can flow to the second electrode layer 02, while positive holes flow to the first electrode layer 01. At this time, the first electrode layer 01 can be the positive electrode of the perovskite solar cell, and the first electrode layer 01 can include conductive metal materials, such as aluminum or silver. The second electrode layer 02 can be the negative electrode of the perovskite solar cell, and the second electrode layer 02 can be a transparent conductive layer, which can include conductive oxide materials, such as tin oxide or indium tin oxide. The first conductive grid line 11 and the second conductive grid line 12 can be understood as grid line structures that lead out and electrically connect the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of each perovskite cell. The first conductive grid line 11 and the second conductive grid line 12 can be formed by depositing a metal or conductive oxide thin film in a defined area using photolithography and sputtering deposition techniques. The first conductive grid line 11 and the second conductive grid line 12 can be made of materials such as aluminum, silver or indium tin oxide.
[0058] Based on the above embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 4 The perovskite solar cell may further include a hole transport layer 04 and an electron transport layer 05. The hole transport layer 04 is located between the first electrode layer 01 and the perovskite layer 03. The hole transport layer 04 is used to transport positive holes generated by the perovskite layer 03 to the first electrode layer 01. The electron transport layer 05 is located between the second electrode layer 02 and the perovskite layer 03. The electron transport layer 05 is used to transport electrons generated by the perovskite layer 03 to the second electrode layer 02, thereby generating photogenerated carriers between the first electrode layer 01 and the second electrode layer 02.
[0059] In one exemplary embodiment, with Figure 2For example, the first conductive grid line 11 can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 01 of the first perovskite battery unit 101, the second perovskite battery unit 102, the third perovskite battery unit 103, and the fourth perovskite battery unit 104, respectively. That is, the first conductive grid line 11 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of each perovskite battery unit 10. The second conductive grid line 12 can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 02 of the first perovskite battery unit 101, the second perovskite battery unit 102, the third perovskite battery unit 103, and the fourth perovskite battery unit 104, respectively. That is, the second conductive grid line 12 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of each perovskite battery unit 10. This allows the first perovskite battery unit 101, the second perovskite battery unit 102, the third perovskite battery unit 103, and the fourth perovskite battery unit 104 in the perovskite module 1 to be connected in parallel, so that the overall open-circuit voltage of the perovskite module 1 is equal to the open-circuit voltage of a single perovskite battery unit 10. For example, when the open-circuit voltage of each perovskite cell is 100V, the open-circuit voltage of perovskite module 1 is also 100V.
[0060] Furthermore, the perovskite solar cell units 10 are spaced apart, meaning that each perovskite module 1 can be composed of one or more perovskite solar cells. For example, when the perovskite module 1 includes a first perovskite solar cell unit 101, a second perovskite solar cell unit 102, a third perovskite solar cell unit 103, and a fourth perovskite solar cell unit 104, the perovskite module 1 is composed of four perovskite solar cells, and there is a certain spacing between any two adjacent perovskite solar cells, so that the perovskite solar cell units 10 are arranged at intervals.
[0061] It is understood that the arrangement of each perovskite solar cell 10 can be designed according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present invention do not impose specific limitations on this. In an optional embodiment, in order to facilitate the parallel connection of each perovskite solar cell 10, each perovskite solar cell 10 can be arranged sequentially at intervals along the first direction X.
[0062] Optional, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another perovskite component provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the perovskite module 1 includes a perovskite solar cell 10; the perovskite solar cell 10 includes multiple perovskite cell regions; each perovskite cell region is a perovskite cell unit; the perovskite solar cell 10 includes a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, a perovskite layer located between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, a first conductive grid line located on the side of the first electrode layer away from the perovskite layer, and a second conductive grid line located on the side of the second electrode layer away from the perovskite layer; the first conductive grid line is in contact with the first electrode layer of each perovskite cell region, and the second conductive grid line is in contact with the second electrode layer of each perovskite cell region.
[0063] Specifically, when the perovskite module 1 includes a perovskite cell 10, the perovskite cell 10 can be divided into multiple perovskite cell regions, that is, the perovskite cell 10 can be divided into two or more perovskite cell regions. The specific design can be tailored to actual needs, and this embodiment of the invention does not impose specific limitations on this. When the dimensions of each perovskite cell region are the same, the open-circuit voltage of each cell in each perovskite cell region can be the same. Taking the perovskite cell 10 divided into N perovskite cell regions as an example, when the open-circuit voltage of the perovskite cell 10 is 100V, the open-circuit voltage of each cell in each perovskite cell region can be (100 / N)V.
[0064] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, the perovskite solar cell 10 may include a first perovskite solar cell region 1001, a second perovskite solar cell region 1002, a third perovskite solar cell region 1003, and a fourth perovskite solar cell region 1004, wherein each perovskite solar cell region is a perovskite solar cell unit. In this case, the first perovskite solar cell region 1001, the second perovskite solar cell region 1002, the third perovskite solar cell region 1003, and the fourth perovskite solar cell region 1004 are connected in parallel. If the open-circuit voltage of the perovskite solar cell 10 is 100V, the open-circuit voltage of each perovskite solar cell region can be 25V. After connecting the four perovskite solar cells in parallel, the open-circuit voltage of the perovskite module 1 can be 25V.
[0065] like Figure 6As shown, the perovskite solar cell 10 further includes a first electrode layer 01, a second electrode layer 02, a perovskite layer 03 located between the first electrode layer 01 and the second electrode layer 02, a first conductive grid line 11 located on the side of the first electrode layer 01 facing away from the perovskite layer 03, and a second conductive grid line 12 located on the side of the second electrode layer 02 facing away from the perovskite layer 03. Specifically, the perovskite layer 03 can be understood as a light-absorbing layer in the perovskite solar cell 01, used to absorb light energy and generate electron-hole pairs under the excitation of light energy. The perovskite layer 03 is composed of perovskite materials, such as methylamine lead iodide perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3), etc. The first electrode layer 01 and the second electrode layer 02 are used to transport different types of charge carriers, thereby forming a current between the first electrode layer 01 and the second electrode layer 02. For example, electrons can flow to the second electrode layer 02, while positive holes can flow to the first electrode layer 01. At this time, the first electrode layer 01 can be the positive electrode of the perovskite cell, and the first electrode layer 01 can include conductive metal materials, such as aluminum or silver. The second electrode layer 02 can be the negative electrode of the perovskite cell, and the second electrode layer 02 can be a transparent conductive layer, which can include conductive oxide materials, such as tin oxide or indium tin oxide. The first conductive grid line 11 and the second conductive grid line 12 can be understood as a grid line structure that leads out and electrically connects the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of each perovskite cell region in the perovskite cell 10. The first conductive grid line 11 and the second conductive grid line 12 can be formed by depositing metal or conductive oxide thin films in the defined area using photolithography and sputtering deposition techniques. The first conductive grid line 11 and the second conductive grid line 12 can be made of materials such as aluminum, silver, or indium tin oxide.
[0066] Based on the above embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 4 The perovskite solar cell 10 may further include a hole transport layer 04 and an electron transport layer 05. The hole transport layer 04 is located between the first electrode layer 01 and the perovskite layer 03. The hole transport layer 04 is used to transport positive holes generated by the perovskite layer 03 to the first electrode layer 01. The electron transport layer 05 is located between the second electrode layer 02 and the perovskite layer 03. The electron transport layer 05 is used to transport electrons generated by the perovskite layer 03 to the second electrode layer 02, thereby generating photogenerated carriers between the first electrode layer 01 and the second electrode layer 02.
[0067] In one exemplary embodiment, with Figure 5For example, the first conductive grid line 11 located on the side of the first electrode layer 01 facing away from the perovskite layer 03 can contact the first electrode layer of each perovskite cell region, i.e., the first conductive grid line 11 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of each perovskite cell region. The second conductive grid line 12 located on the side of the second electrode layer 02 facing away from the perovskite layer 03 can contact the second electrode layer of each perovskite cell region, i.e., the second conductive grid line 12 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of each perovskite cell region. This allows the first perovskite cell region 1001, the second perovskite cell region 1002, the third perovskite cell region 1003, and the fourth perovskite cell region 1004 in the perovskite cell 10 to be connected in parallel, so that the overall open-circuit voltage of the perovskite module 1 is equal to the open-circuit voltage of a single perovskite cell region. For example, when the open-circuit voltage of each perovskite cell region is 25V, the open-circuit voltage of the perovskite module 1 is also 25V.
[0068] It is understood that the arrangement of the perovskite battery regions can be designed according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present invention do not impose specific limitations on this. In an optional embodiment, to facilitate the parallel connection of the perovskite battery regions, the perovskite battery regions can be arranged sequentially at intervals along the first direction X.
[0069] Optional, see reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 When the perovskite solar cell cells are arranged sequentially along the first direction X, the first conductive grid line 11 may include a first main grid line 111 extending along the first direction X and a plurality of first branch grid lines extending along the second direction Y; the first main grid line 111 is electrically connected to each of the first branch grid lines; each of the first branch grid lines is electrically connected to the first electrode layer 01 of each perovskite solar cell; the second conductive grid line 12 includes a second main grid line 121 extending along the first direction and a plurality of second branch grid lines extending along the second direction; the second main grid line 121 is electrically connected to each of the second branch grid lines; each of the second branch grid lines is electrically connected to the second electrode layer 02 of each perovskite solar cell; wherein the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect.
[0070] The number of first and second branch grid lines can be the same as the number of perovskite solar cell units. Each first branch grid line is electrically connected to the first electrode layer of each perovskite solar cell unit, and each second branch grid line is electrically connected to the second electrode layer of each perovskite solar cell unit. First main grid lines are electrically connected to each first branch grid line, and second main grid lines are electrically connected to each second branch grid line.
[0071] For example, when the perovskite module 1 includes a first perovskite cell 101, a second perovskite cell 102, a third perovskite cell 103, and a fourth perovskite cell 104, the first branch grid line may include a first first branch grid line 1121, a second first branch grid line 1122, a third first branch grid line 1123, and a fourth first branch grid line 1124, and the second branch grid line may include a first second branch grid line 1221, a second second branch grid line 1222, a third second branch grid line 1223, and a fourth second branch grid line 1224. Specifically, the first branch grid line 1121 is electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the first perovskite solar cell 101, the second branch grid line 1122 is electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the second perovskite solar cell 102, the third branch grid line 1123 is electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the third perovskite solar cell 103, and the fourth branch grid line 1124 is electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the fourth perovskite solar cell 104; the first second branch grid line 1221 is electrically connected to the second electrode layer of the first perovskite solar cell 101, and the second branch grid line 1222 is electrically connected to the second electrode layer of the second perovskite solar cell 102. The third second branch grid line 1223 is electrically connected to the second electrode layer of the third perovskite cell 103, and the fourth second branch grid line 1224 is electrically connected to the second electrode layer of the fourth perovskite cell 104; the first main grid line 111 is electrically connected to the first first branch grid line 1121, the second first branch grid line 1122, the third first branch grid line 1123, and the fourth first branch grid line 1124, respectively; the second main grid line 121 is electrically connected to the first second branch grid line 1221, the second second branch grid line 1222, the third second branch grid line 1223, and the fourth second branch grid line 1224, respectively.Thus, by setting a first main gate line and multiple first branch gate lines in the first conductive gate line, and setting a second main gate line and multiple second branch gate lines in the second conductive gate line, the charge carriers generated by the first perovskite cell 101 can be transferred to the first main gate line 111 and the second main gate line 121 respectively through the first first branch gate line 1121 and the first second branch gate line 1221, and the charge carriers generated by the second perovskite cell 102 can be transferred to the first main gate line 111 and the second main gate line 121 respectively through the second first branch gate line 1122 and the second second branch gate line 1222. 1. The charge carriers generated by the third perovskite cell 103 can be transmitted to the first main grid line 111 and the second main grid line 121 through the third first branch grid line 1123 and the third second branch grid line 1223, respectively. The charge carriers generated by the fourth perovskite cell 104 can be transmitted to the first main grid line 111 and the second main grid line 121 through the fourth first branch grid line 1124 and the fourth second branch grid line 1224, respectively. This enables the first main grid line 111 and the second main grid line 121 to collect the charge carriers generated by each perovskite cell in the perovskite module 1 and transmit them to external devices.
[0072] The first main grid line 111 and the second main grid line 121 can be distributed on opposite sides of the perovskite module 1, and the first branch grid line 112 and the second branch grid line 122 can be distributed on opposite sides of each perovskite cell corresponding to the first branch grid line 112 and the second branch grid line 122.
[0073] It is also understood that one end of the first main grid line can serve as the first electrode terminal of the perovskite module, and one end of the second main grid line can serve as the second electrode terminal of the perovskite module. The first electrode terminal and the second electrode terminal can be located on the same side of each perovskite cell to ensure that the perovskite module is electrically connected to external devices on the same side.
[0074] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 3 Each crystalline silicon cell is arranged at intervals; each crystalline silicon cell includes multiple cell strings; the cell strings in the same crystalline silicon cell are connected in series through the third conductive grid line 13; the cell strings of any two adjacent crystalline silicon cell cells are connected in series through the fourth conductive grid line 14.
[0075] Specifically, a battery string can be understood as a battery string formed by connecting multiple silicon wafers in series. Each silicon wafer is an independent battery unit. By connecting multiple silicon wafers in series to form a battery string, it helps to improve the output power and performance of crystalline silicon battery units, thereby adapting to the needs of different applications.
[0076] It is understood that each crystalline silicon cell unit includes multiple cell strings, meaning the number of cell strings in a crystalline silicon cell unit can be two or more, and the specific design can be tailored to actual needs. This embodiment of the invention does not impose a specific limitation on this. The cell strings within the same crystalline silicon cell unit are connected in series via a third conductive grid line 13, and the cell strings of any two adjacent crystalline silicon cell units are connected end-to-end via a fourth conductive grid line 14, thus achieving series connection of cell strings between any two adjacent crystalline silicon cell units. In this case, the open-circuit voltage of the crystalline silicon cell unit is equal to the sum of the open-circuit voltages of the cell strings within the crystalline silicon cell unit, and the open-circuit voltage of the crystalline silicon module is equal to the sum of the open-circuit voltages of the individual crystalline silicon cell units. For example, when the open-circuit voltage of a single cell string is k, the open-circuit voltage of a crystalline silicon cell unit comprising n cell strings is n*k, and the open-circuit voltage of a crystalline silicon module comprising m crystalline silicon cell units is m*n*k.
[0077] In one exemplary embodiment, with Figure 3For example, the first crystalline silicon cell unit 201 includes a first first cell string 2011, a second first cell string 2012, and a third first cell string 2013; the second crystalline silicon cell unit 202 includes a first second cell string 2021, a second second cell string 2022, and a third second cell string 2023; the third crystalline silicon cell unit 203 includes a first third cell string 2031, a second third cell string 2032, and a third third cell string 2033; and the fourth crystalline silicon cell unit 204 includes a first fourth cell string 2041, a second fourth cell string 2042, and a third fourth cell string 2043. Specifically, the first battery string 2011, the second battery string 2012, and the third battery string 2013 are connected in series via a third conductive grid line 13; the first and second battery strings 2021, the second and second battery strings 2022, and the third and second battery strings 2023 are connected in series via a third conductive grid line 13; the first and third battery strings 2031, the second and third battery strings 2032, and the third and third battery strings 2033 are connected in series via a third conductive grid line 13; and the first and fourth battery strings 2041, the second and fourth battery strings 2042, and the third and fourth battery strings 2043 are connected in series via a third conductive grid line 13. Furthermore, the third first battery string 2013 and the first and second battery strings 2021 are connected in series via a fourth conductive grid line 14; the third second battery string 2023 and the first and third battery strings 2031 are connected in series via a fourth conductive grid line 14; and the third third battery string 2033 and the first and fourth battery strings 2041 are connected in series via a fourth conductive grid line 14. The third and fourth conductive grid lines enable the series connection of each cell string in each crystalline silicon cell unit, and the series connection of each crystalline silicon cell unit in crystalline silicon module 2, so that the overall open-circuit voltage of crystalline silicon module 2 is equal to the sum of the open-circuit voltages of each crystalline silicon cell unit. For example, when the open-circuit voltage of each crystalline silicon cell unit is 25V, the open-circuit voltage of crystalline silicon module 2 is 100V.
[0078] In addition, the crystalline silicon cell units are spaced apart, that is, each crystalline silicon module 2 can be composed of one or more crystalline silicon cells. For example, when the crystalline silicon module 2 includes a first crystalline silicon cell unit 201, a second crystalline silicon cell unit 202, a third crystalline silicon cell unit 203 and a fourth crystalline silicon cell unit 204, the crystalline silicon module 2 is composed of four crystalline silicon cells, and there is a certain gap between any two adjacent crystalline silicon cells, so that the crystalline silicon cell units are arranged alternately.
[0079] It is understood that the arrangement of each crystalline silicon cell can be designed according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present invention do not impose specific limitations on this. In an optional embodiment, to facilitate the series connection of each crystalline silicon cell, the crystalline silicon cell can be arranged sequentially at intervals along the first direction X. Simultaneously, to facilitate the series connection of each cell string within each crystalline silicon cell, the cell strings within each crystalline silicon cell can also be arranged sequentially at intervals along the first direction X. Figure 3 For example, in the first crystalline silicon cell unit 201, the first battery string 2011, the second battery string 2012, and the third battery string 2013 are arranged sequentially along the X direction; in the second crystalline silicon cell unit 202, the first battery string 2021, the second battery string 2022, and the third battery string 2023 are arranged alternately along the X direction; in the third crystalline silicon cell unit 203, the first battery string 2031, the second battery string 2032, and the third battery string 2033 are arranged alternately along the X direction; and in the fourth crystalline silicon cell unit 204, the first battery string 2041, the second battery string 2042, and the third battery string 2043 are arranged alternately along the X direction.
[0080] Optional, see reference Figure 3 and Figure 7 The crystalline silicon module 2 also includes a first lead electrode 205 and a second lead electrode 206; the first lead electrode 205 is electrically connected to the first electrode of the battery string at the first end of the arrangement, and the second lead electrode 206 is electrically connected to the second electrode of the battery string at the last end of the arrangement; wherein the first lead electrode 205 and the second lead electrode 206 are located on the same side of each battery string.
[0081] For example, with Figure 3 For example, the first lead electrode 205 of the crystalline silicon module 2 is electrically connected to the first pole 20111 of the first battery string 2011, and the second lead electrode 206 of the crystalline silicon module 2 is electrically connected to the second pole 20432 of the third and fourth battery strings 2043. The first pole 20111 of the first battery string 2011 can be the positive pole of the first battery string 2011, and the second pole 20432 of the third and fourth battery strings 2043 can be the negative pole of the third and fourth battery strings 2043, so that the first lead electrode 205 can be used as the positive pole of the crystalline silicon module 2, and the second lead electrode 206 can be used as the negative pole of the crystalline silicon module 2. Thus, the current of each battery string connected in series in each crystalline silicon battery module can be effectively transmitted through the first lead electrode 205 and the second lead electrode 206. Moreover, the first lead electrode and the second lead electrode can be located on the same side of each battery string to ensure that the crystalline silicon module is electrically connected to the external device on the same side.
[0082] Optional, Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of another crystalline silicon module provided in this embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, the crystalline silicon module 2 includes a crystalline silicon cell 20; the crystalline silicon cell 20 includes multiple cell strings; each cell string is a crystalline silicon cell unit; any two adjacent cell strings are connected in series through a third conductive grid line 13.
[0083] It is understood that when the crystalline silicon module 2 includes a single crystalline silicon cell 20, the crystalline silicon cell 20 includes multiple cell strings, that is, the number of cell strings in the crystalline silicon cell 20 can be two or more, and can be designed according to actual needs. This embodiment of the invention does not impose a specific limitation on this. Any two adjacent cell strings are connected end to end in sequence through the third conductive grid line 13 to achieve series connection of any two adjacent cell strings through the third conductive grid line 13. At this time, the open-circuit voltage of the crystalline silicon cell 20 can be equal to the sum of the open-circuit voltages of each cell string connected in series in the crystalline silicon cell 20, and the overall open-circuit voltage of the crystalline silicon module 2 can be equal to the open-circuit voltage of the crystalline silicon cell 20.
[0084] In one exemplary embodiment, with Figure 7 For example, the crystalline silicon solar cell 20 includes a first battery string 2001, a second battery string 2002, and a third battery string 2003. Each battery string is a crystalline silicon solar cell unit. The first battery string 2001 and the second battery string 2002 are connected in series through a third conductive grid line 13, and the second battery string 2002 and the third battery string 2003 are connected in series through the third conductive grid line 13. This allows the first battery string 2001, the second battery string 2002, and the third battery string 2003 in the crystalline silicon module 2 to be connected in series. At this time, the open-circuit voltage of the crystalline silicon solar cell 20 can be equal to the sum of the open-circuit voltages of each battery string connected in series in the crystalline silicon solar cell 20. For example, when the open-circuit voltage of each battery string is 25 / 3V, the open-circuit voltage of the crystalline silicon solar cell 20 is 25V.
[0085] Furthermore, the arrangement of the battery strings can be designed according to actual needs, and this embodiment of the invention does not impose specific limitations on this. In an optional embodiment, to facilitate the series connection of the battery strings, the silicon strings can be arranged sequentially at intervals along the second direction Y. Figure 7 For example, the first battery string 2001, the second battery string 2002, and the third battery string 2003 in the crystalline silicon solar cell 20 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the Y direction.
[0086] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 7The crystalline silicon module 2 also includes a first lead electrode 205 and a second lead electrode 206; the first lead electrode 205 is electrically connected to the first electrode of the battery string at the first end of the arrangement, and the second lead electrode 206 is electrically connected to the second electrode of the battery string at the last end of the arrangement; wherein the first lead electrode 205 and the second lead electrode 206 are located on the same side of each battery string.
[0087] For example, with Figure 7 For example, the first lead electrode 205 of the crystalline silicon module 2 is electrically connected to the first pole 20011 of the first battery string 2001, and the second lead electrode 206 is electrically connected to the second pole 20032 of the third battery string 2003. The first pole 20011 of the first battery string 2001 can be the positive pole of the first battery string 2001, and the second pole 20032 of the third battery string 2003 can be the negative pole of the third battery string 2003. This allows the first lead electrode 205 to serve as the positive pole of the crystalline silicon module 2, and the second lead electrode 206 to serve as the negative pole of the crystalline silicon module 2. This enables the effective transmission of current through the first lead electrode 205 and the second lead electrode 206 of each battery string connected in series in the crystalline silicon module. Furthermore, the first lead electrode and the second lead electrode can be located on the same side of each battery string to ensure that the crystalline silicon module is electrically connected to external devices on the same side.
[0088] It is understandable that when the perovskite module includes a first electrode terminal and a second electrode terminal, and the crystalline silicon module includes a first lead electrode and a second lead electrode, the first electrode terminal, the second electrode terminal, the first lead electrode, and the second lead electrode are all located on the same side, so as to ensure that the perovskite module and the crystalline silicon module are electrically connected to the external device on the same side.
[0089] In this embodiment, by setting multiple perovskite cell units connected in parallel in the perovskite module and multiple crystalline silicon cell units connected in series in the crystalline silicon module, and by setting the area of the perovskite module to be the same as that of the crystalline silicon module, the difference between the open-circuit voltage of the perovskite module and the open-circuit voltage of the crystalline silicon module is kept within a preset range. This balances the open-circuit voltage of the perovskite module and the crystalline silicon module while improving light utilization, avoiding the risk of perovskite cell breakdown, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the perovskite-crystalline silicon cell and ensuring that the perovskite-crystalline silicon cell has high stability and reliability.
[0090] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. A perovskite crystalline silicon four-terminal tandem assembly, characterized in that, include: A perovskite module, a crystalline silicon module, and a spacer layer; the perovskite module is located on the side of the spacer layer opposite to the crystalline silicon module; The perovskite module includes multiple perovskite cell units; each perovskite cell unit is connected in parallel. The crystalline silicon module includes multiple crystalline silicon cell units; each of the crystalline silicon cell units is connected in series. The number of perovskite cell units connected in parallel in the perovskite module and the number of crystalline silicon cell units connected in series in the crystalline silicon module are determined based on the ratio between the open-circuit voltage of a single perovskite cell unit and a single crystalline silicon cell unit, so that the area of the perovskite module is the same as the area of the crystalline silicon module, and the difference between the open-circuit voltage of the perovskite module and the open-circuit voltage of the crystalline silicon module is within a preset difference range.
2. The perovskite crystalline silicon four-terminal stack assembly of claim 1, wherein, Each of the perovskite solar cell units is arranged at intervals between them; The perovskite assembly further includes a first conductive gate line and a second conductive gate line; The perovskite solar cell includes a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and a perovskite layer located between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. The first electrode layer of each perovskite solar cell is electrically connected through the first conductive grid line, and the second electrode layer of each perovskite solar cell is electrically connected through the second conductive grid line.
3. The perovskite crystalline silicon four-terminal stack assembly of claim 1, wherein, The perovskite module includes a perovskite solar cell. The perovskite solar cell includes multiple perovskite solar cell regions; each perovskite solar cell region is a perovskite solar cell unit. The perovskite solar cell includes a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, a perovskite layer located between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, a first conductive grid line located on the side of the first electrode layer away from the perovskite layer, and a second conductive grid line located on the side of the second electrode layer away from the perovskite layer. The first conductive grid line is in contact with the first electrode layer of each of the perovskite battery regions, and the second conductive grid line is in contact with the second electrode layer of each of the perovskite battery regions.
4. The perovskite crystalline silicon four-terminal stack assembly of claim 2 or 3, wherein, Each of the perovskite solar cell units is arranged sequentially along the first direction.
5. The perovskite silicon four-terminal stacked module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first conductive grid line includes a first main grid line extending along the first direction and a plurality of first branch grid lines extending along the second direction; the first main grid line is electrically connected to each of the first branch grid lines; each of the first branch grid lines is electrically connected to the first electrode layer of each of the perovskite solar cell units. The second conductive grid line includes a second main grid line extending along the first direction and a plurality of second branch grid lines extending along the second direction; the second main grid line is electrically connected to each of the second branch grid lines; each of the second branch grid lines is electrically connected to the second electrode layer of each of the perovskite solar cell units. The first direction intersects with the second direction.
6. The perovskite crystalline silicon four-terminal stack assembly of claim 1, wherein, The crystalline silicon cell units are arranged at intervals between each other; Each of the crystalline silicon cell units includes multiple cell strings; the cell strings in the same crystalline silicon cell unit are connected in series via a third conductive grid line. The battery strings of any two adjacent crystalline silicon battery cells are connected in series through a fourth conductive grid line.
7. The perovskite crystalline silicon four-terminal stack assembly of claim 6, wherein, Each of the battery strings in each of the crystalline silicon units is arranged sequentially along a first direction.
8. The perovskite crystalline silicon four-terminal stack assembly of claim 7, wherein, The crystalline silicon module further includes a first lead-out electrode and a second lead-out electrode; The first lead electrode is electrically connected to the first electrode of the battery string located at the beginning of the arrangement, and the second lead electrode is electrically connected to the second electrode of the battery string located at the end of the arrangement. The first lead-out electrode and the second lead-out electrode are located on the same side of each of the battery strings.
9. The perovskite crystalline silicon four-terminal stack assembly of claim 1, wherein, The crystalline silicon module includes a crystalline silicon solar cell; The crystalline silicon solar cell includes multiple battery strings; each battery string is a crystalline silicon solar cell unit. Any two adjacent battery strings are connected in series through a third conductive grid line.
10. The perovskite crystalline silicon four-terminal stack assembly of claim 9, wherein, The battery strings are arranged sequentially along the second direction; The crystalline silicon module further includes a first lead-out electrode and a second lead-out electrode; The first lead electrode is electrically connected to the first electrode of the battery string located at the beginning of the arrangement, and the second lead electrode is electrically connected to the second electrode of the battery string located at the end of the arrangement. The first lead-out electrode and the second lead-out electrode are located on the same side of each of the battery strings.