Shield tunneling machine cutterhead mud cake cleaning device
The cleaning assembly, driven by a hydraulic cylinder, automatically cleans the mud cake from the tunnel boring machine cutterhead using a top cone and pressure ring. This solves the problems of increased cutterhead torque and poor slag discharge caused by mud cake, achieving efficient cleaning.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA RAILWAY CHINA TUNNEL JOINT HEAVY EQUIP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-28
AI Technical Summary
When the cutterhead of a current tunnel boring machine is excavating in clay strata, it is easy to form hard mud cakes, which leads to increased cutterhead torque, increased thrust of the propulsion system and poor muck removal. Existing cleaning methods are inefficient and dangerous.
The cleaning assembly, driven by a hydraulic cylinder, includes a top cone, a pressure ring, and connecting rods. The top cone is driven to move along the axis of the cutter head by the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder. The pressure ring penetrates into the mud cake, and the top cone guides the slag, causing it to fall off between the connecting rods, thus achieving automatic cleaning.
No personnel need to enter the soil chamber to operate, resulting in high cleaning efficiency. This avoids problems such as increased cutter head torque and poor slag discharge, thus improving cleaning efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN224174085U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel boring machine technology, and in particular to a tunnel boring machine cutterhead mud cake cleaning device. Background Technology
[0002] The cutterhead is a key component of a tunnel boring machine (TBM), housing various types of cutting tools and primarily serving to excavate and support the excavation face. The cutterhead structure mainly consists of the face, torsion legs, and flanges. When the cutterhead is excavating in clay strata, a hard mud cake often forms between the flange and the face. Once formed, this mud cake is difficult to clean. It also rotates synchronously with the cutterhead, leading to increased cutterhead torque, increased thrust in the propulsion system, and poor muck removal, sometimes even preventing normal excavation. Previously, mud cake was typically cleaned using high-pressure water jets pre-installed on the shield body partitions, or manually by entering the soil chamber. High-pressure water jetting is ineffective, while manual entry into the soil chamber is not only dangerous but also inefficient. Utility Model Content
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a shield machine cutterhead mud cake cleaning device that uses a hydraulic cylinder to drive the cleaning component to penetrate into the mud cake and has high cleaning efficiency.
[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a shield tunneling machine cutterhead mud cake cleaning device, including a hydraulic cylinder and a cleaning assembly. The cleaning assembly includes a top cone, a pressure ring, and connecting rods. The hydraulic cylinder is installed in the main drive, and the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to one end of the top cone. The hydraulic cylinder can drive the top cone to move along the axis of the cutterhead. The top cone is arranged along the axis of the cutterhead, and the diameter of the top cone gradually decreases away from the hydraulic cylinder. The other end of the top cone is located in the soil chamber. The pressure ring is coaxially arranged with the top cone, and the end of the top cone away from the hydraulic cylinder is located inside the pressure ring. Multiple connecting rods are provided. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the end of the pressure ring near the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the side of the top cone away from the pressure ring. There is a gap between adjacent connecting rods.
[0005] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the main drive is provided with a partition plate on the side near the cutter head, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the partition plate, and the partition plate is provided with a through hole through which the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder can pass.
[0006] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a mounting seat is provided on the side of the partition away from the cutter head, the through hole is provided on the partition and the mounting seat, and a mounting flange is provided at the end of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder near the top cone. The mounting flange is fitted and connected to the mounting seat and blocks the through hole.
[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a sealing ring is provided between the mounting flange and the mounting base.
[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the mounting base is provided with a fixing hole, the mounting flange is provided with a mounting hole aligned with the fixing hole, a fixing bolt is inserted into the mounting hole, and the fixing bolt is threadedly connected to the fixing hole.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the top cone is provided with a connecting shaft at one end near the hydraulic cylinder, the connecting shaft passes through the through hole, and the connecting shaft is provided with a connecting hole at one end near the hydraulic cylinder, and the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is threadedly connected to the connecting hole.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the inner diameter of the pressure ring is larger than the diameter of the end of the top cone that is away from the pressure ring.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the connecting rod is welded to the pressure ring and the top cone respectively.
[0012] This utility model provides a shield machine cutterhead mud cake cleaning device. Compared with the prior art, its advantages are as follows: When cleaning the mud cake, the hydraulic cylinder is operated to extend the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder, thereby driving the top cone to move along the axial direction of the cutterhead. This causes the pressure ring to gradually penetrate into the mud cake. As the top cone moves, it guides the slag in the mud cake, causing the slag to gradually move outward from between the two adjacent connecting rods. This loosens and dislodges the slag at that location, preventing slag accumulation and achieving the cleaning effect. No personnel need to enter the soil chamber to operate, resulting in high cleaning efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0014] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A;
[0015] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the cleaning component of this utility model;
[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic cylinder of this utility model when the telescopic shaft is extended;
[0017] In the figure, the hydraulic cylinder is 1; the mounting flange is 11; the mounting hole is 111; the fixing bolt is 112; the top cone is 2; the connecting shaft is 21; the connecting hole is 211; the pressure ring is 3; the connecting rod is 4; the cutter head is 5; the main drive is 6; the partition is 61; the through hole is 611; the mounting base is 612; and the fixing hole is 613. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit its scope.
[0019] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0020] like Figure 1-4 As shown in the preferred embodiment of this utility model, a mud cake cleaning device for a tunnel boring machine cutterhead 5 includes a hydraulic cylinder 1 and a cleaning assembly. The cleaning assembly includes a top cone 2, a pressure ring 3, and a connecting rod 4. The hydraulic cylinder 1 is installed inside the main drive 6. It can be understood that the main drive 6 is a structure of the tunnel boring machine, which is responsible for driving the cutterhead 5 to rotate. This is existing technology. The main drive 6 is located on the side of the cutterhead flange away from the soil chamber. The telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is connected to one end of the top cone 2, and the hydraulic cylinder 1 can drive the top cone 2 to move along the axial direction of the cutterhead 5. The telescopic shaft of the pressure cylinder 1 is arranged along the axial direction of the cutter head 5, and the top cone 2 is arranged along the axial direction of the cutter head 5. The diameter of the top cone 2 gradually decreases in the direction away from the hydraulic cylinder 1. The other end of the top cone 2 is located in the soil chamber. The pressure ring 3 is arranged coaxially with the top cone 2. The end of the top cone 2 away from the hydraulic cylinder 1 is located inside the pressure ring 3. Multiple connecting rods 4 are provided. One end of the connecting rod 4 is fixedly connected to the end of the pressure ring 3 near the hydraulic cylinder 1, and the other end of the connecting rod 4 is fixedly connected to the side of the top cone 2 away from the pressure ring 3. There is a gap between two adjacent connecting rods 4.
[0021] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: When a mud cake forms between the cutter head 5 and the cutter head flange, the cutter head 5 is first stopped at the zero-degree position; then, the hydraulic cylinder 1 is operated to extend the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 1, thereby driving the top cone 2 to move along the axial direction of the cutter head 5. At this time, the pressure ring 3 gradually invades (presses) into the mud cake. As the top cone 2 moves, the top cone 2 guides the slag in the mud cake, causing the slag to gradually move outward from between the two adjacent connecting rods 4, so that the slag at this position is loosened and falls off, avoiding slag accumulation, thereby achieving the cleaning effect; then the hydraulic cylinder 1 is operated. The telescopic shaft of cylinder 1 retracts, and after the rotating cutter head 5 drives the mud cake to rotate at a certain angle, the telescopic shaft of hydraulic cylinder 1 is extended again. The above actions are repeated until the cutter head 5 rotates one revolution, so as to completely remove the mud cake between the cutter head 5 and the cutter head flange. It should be noted that the cleaning component has sufficient rigidity and is not easy to bend or deform. When the cutter head 5 drives the mud cake to rotate, the cleaning component will be embedded in the mud cake and will not hinder the rotation of the mud cake. In this embodiment, the top cone 2 is driven to move by hydraulic cylinder 1, which can realize the cleaning of the mud cake without the need for personnel to enter the soil chamber to operate, and the cleaning efficiency is high.
[0022] For example, the main drive 6 is provided with a partition 61 on the side near the cutter head 5. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is mounted on the partition 61. The partition 61 is provided with a through hole 611 through which the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 1 can pass. That is, the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 1 can extend and retract within the through hole 611 to ensure that the hydraulic cylinder 1 can drive the top cone 2 to move normally.
[0023] For example, a mounting base 612 is provided on the side of the partition 61 away from the cutter head 5. A through hole 611 is provided on the partition 61 and the mounting base 612, that is, the through hole 611 penetrates the partition 61 and the mounting base 612. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is provided with a mounting flange 11 at the end near the top cone 2. The mounting flange 11 is fitted and connected to the mounting base 612 and blocks the through hole 611. The hydraulic cylinder 1 is installed and fixed by the fixed connection between the mounting flange 11 and the mounting base 612. The mounting base 612 is provided to facilitate the installation of the hydraulic cylinder 1. The mounting flange 11 blocks the through hole 611 to prevent water, slag and other materials in the soil chamber from entering the main drive 6.
[0024] For example, a sealing ring (not shown in the figure) is provided between the mounting flange 11 and the mounting base 612 to ensure the sealing between the mounting flange 11 and the mounting base 612.
[0025] For example, the mounting base 612 is provided with a fixing hole 613, and the mounting flange 11 is provided with a mounting hole 111 aligned with the fixing hole 613. A fixing bolt 112 passes through the mounting hole 111 and is threadedly connected to the fixing hole 613, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the hydraulic cylinder 1.
[0026] For example, the top cone 2 is provided with a connecting shaft 21 at one end near the hydraulic cylinder 1. The connecting shaft 21 passes through the through hole 611 and the connecting shaft 21 is provided with a connecting hole 211 at one end near the hydraulic cylinder 1. The telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is threadedly connected to the connecting hole 211, which facilitates the installation and connection of the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the connecting shaft 21. The top cone 2 is connected to the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 1 through the connecting shaft 21, which facilitates the top cone 2 to extend into the soil chamber.
[0027] For example, the inner diameter of the pressure ring 3 is larger than the diameter of the end of the top cone 2 away from the pressure ring 3, so that multiple connecting rods converge in the direction away from the pressure ring 3, ensuring the support effect on the pressure ring 3.
[0028] For example, the connecting rod 4 is welded to the pressure ring 3 and the top cone 2 respectively, so that the three are relatively fixed and connected as one, and the structure is stable.
[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A shield tunneling machine cutterhead mud cake cleaning device, characterized in that: The system includes a hydraulic cylinder and a cleaning assembly. The cleaning assembly includes a top cone, a pressure ring, and connecting rods. The hydraulic cylinder is installed in the main drive unit. The telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to one end of the top cone, and the hydraulic cylinder can drive the top cone to move along the axis of the cutter head. The top cone is arranged along the axis of the cutter head, and the diameter of the top cone gradually decreases away from the hydraulic cylinder. The other end of the top cone is located in the soil chamber. The pressure ring is coaxially arranged with the top cone, and the end of the top cone away from the hydraulic cylinder is located inside the pressure ring. Multiple connecting rods are provided. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the end of the pressure ring near the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the side of the top cone away from the pressure ring. There is a gap between adjacent connecting rods.
2. The shield machine cutterhead mud cake cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main drive is provided with a partition plate on the side near the cutter head, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the partition plate, and the partition plate is provided with a through hole through which the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder can pass.
3. The shield machine cutterhead mud cake cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The partition plate is provided with a mounting seat on the side away from the cutter head. The through hole is provided on the partition plate and the mounting seat. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a mounting flange at the end near the top cone. The mounting flange is fitted and connected to the mounting seat and blocks the through hole.
4. The shield machine cutterhead mud cake cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing ring is provided between the mounting flange and the mounting base.
5. The shield machine cutterhead mud cake cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting base is provided with a fixing hole, and the mounting flange is provided with a mounting hole aligned with the fixing hole. A fixing bolt passes through the mounting hole and is threadedly connected to the fixing hole.
6. The shield machine cutterhead mud cake cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top cone has a connecting shaft at one end near the hydraulic cylinder. The connecting shaft passes through the through hole, and the connecting shaft has a connecting hole at one end near the hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is threadedly connected to the connecting hole.
7. The shield machine cutterhead mud cake cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the pressure ring is larger than the diameter of the end of the top cone furthest from the pressure ring.
8. The shield machine cutterhead mud cake cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod is welded to the pressure ring and the top cone, respectively.