Electronic device

Abstract

The utility model discloses electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of communication. The electronic equipment comprises an antenna layer which is a metal layer of a screen; a formation; two ends of the connecting structure are respectively connected with the antenna layer and the ground layer; two ends of the antenna feed structure are respectively connected with the antenna layer and the ground layer; an interval exists between the antenna layer and the ground layer in the first direction; the distance between the geometric center of the connecting structure and the geometric center of the antenna layer in the second direction is smaller than or equal to K times of the target size of the antenna layer, K is larger than 0 and smaller than 0.2, the distance between the geometric center of the ground layer and the geometric center of the antenna layer in the first direction is smaller than or equal to 0.2 lambda, and lambda is the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency band of the antenna layer; the target size of the connection structure is smaller than the target size of the antenna layer and smaller than the size of the stratum; the first direction is perpendicular to a screen of the electronic equipment, and the second direction is parallel to the screen of the electronic equipment; the target size is a diameter or a diagonal length.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development and iteration of wireless communication technology, the antenna design of smart electronic devices such as smartwatches is also constantly changing, with higher requirements for the directivity and gain of antenna solutions.

[0003] In related technologies, taking smartwatches as an example, common antenna solutions include monopole antennas or inverted-F antennas (IFA). Other solutions include metal frame coupling and cavity antennas. However, these antenna solutions share a common drawback: in limited device space, their antenna directivity is poor. Typically, gain is high in the screen normal or a single direction, while gain drops sharply in other directions. This results in significant communication dead zones in smart electronic devices during networking, leading to poor communication quality. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an electronic device that can solve the problem of poor communication quality caused by the fact that the antenna directivity of existing smart electronic devices has high gain only in a single direction and the gain drops sharply in many other directions.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, comprising:

[0006] Antenna layer, wherein the antenna layer is the metal layer of the screen of the electronic device;

[0007] Strata;

[0008] A connection structure, wherein the two ends of the connection structure are respectively connected to the antenna layer and the ground layer;

[0009] An antenna feeding structure, wherein the two ends of the antenna feeding structure are respectively connected to the antenna layer and the ground layer;

[0010] Wherein, the antenna layer and the ground layer are spaced apart in a first direction; the distance between the geometric center of the connecting structure and the geometric center of the antenna layer in a second direction is less than or equal to K times the target size of the antenna layer, where K is a number greater than 0 and less than 0.2; the distance between the geometric center of the ground layer and the geometric center of the antenna layer in the second direction is less than or equal to 0.2λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the antenna layer; the target size of the connecting structure is smaller than the target size of the antenna layer and smaller than the size of the ground layer;

[0011] The first direction is perpendicular to the screen of the electronic device, and the second direction is parallel to the screen of the electronic device; the target size is the diameter or diagonal length.

[0012] In the embodiments of this application, by designing an under-screen antenna scheme, a connection structure is used to connect the antenna layer and the ground layer to achieve grounding. The antenna layer is fed by an antenna feeding structure, and the geometric centers of the ground layer and the antenna layer are basically aligned. The size of the connection structure is smaller than the size of the antenna layer and the ground layer, and the geometric center of the connection structure is within a certain range of the geometric center of the antenna layer. This enables the electronic device to have good antenna efficiency, ensures that the antenna gain is evenly distributed in all directions in the radiation pattern of the screen horizontal plane, thereby avoiding communication dead zones in the networking of smart electronic devices and improving communication quality.

[0013] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna scheme for an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna scheme for an electronic device with a circular screen according to an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna scheme for an electronic device with a rectangular screen according to an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a two-dimensional distribution diagram of the current mode forming a λ / 2 wavelength by the antenna of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the slotted design structure of the antenna layer of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of an electronic device with an existing mid-frame coupling scheme;

[0021] Figure 7a and Figure 7b These are the antenna radiation patterns of existing mid-frame coupled electronic devices in different planes;

[0022] Figure 8a and Figure 8bThese are the gain diagrams of existing mid-frame coupled electronic devices in various directions in the vertical and horizontal sections.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of existing under-display cavity solutions for electronic devices;

[0024] Figure 10a and Figure 10b These are the antenna patterns of existing under-display cavity-mount electronic devices in different planes;

[0025] Figure 11a and Figure 11b These are the gain diagrams of existing under-display cavity electronic devices in various directions in the vertical and horizontal sections.

[0026] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 13 This is an antenna efficiency diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 14a and Figure 14b These are antenna radiation patterns of an electronic device according to embodiments of this application in different planes;

[0029] Figure 15a and Figure 15b These are gain maps of the electronic device according to embodiments of this application in each direction of the vertical and horizontal cross-sections. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and do not limit the number of objects; for example, a first object can be one or more. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0033] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] The electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0035] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device includes:

[0037] Antenna layer 101, which is the metal layer of the screen of the electronic device;

[0038] Stratum 102;

[0039] The connection structure 103 is connected to the antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102 at its two ends, respectively.

[0040] Antenna feeding structure 104, with its two ends connected to antenna layer 101 and ground layer 102 respectively;

[0041] In this configuration, the antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102 are spaced apart in the first direction; the distance between the geometric center E of the connecting structure 103 and the geometric center F of the antenna layer 101 in the second direction is less than or equal to K times the target size of the antenna layer 101, where K is a number greater than 0 and less than 0.2; the distance between the geometric center G of the ground layer 102 and the geometric center F of the antenna layer 101 in the second direction is less than or equal to 0.2λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the antenna layer 101; and the target size of the connecting structure 103 is smaller than the target size of the antenna layer 101 and smaller than the size of the ground layer 102.

[0042] The first direction is perpendicular to the screen of the electronic device, and the second direction is parallel to the screen of the electronic device; the target size is the diameter or diagonal length.

[0043] The electronic devices in this application embodiment can be wearable electronic devices with small body size and limited antenna layout space, such as smartwatches, smart bracelets, and smart glasses. Of course, they can also be other electronic devices that need to enhance antenna directivity, such as mobile phones and tablets.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the antenna structure of the electronic device in this embodiment includes an antenna layer 101, a ground layer 102, a connection structure 103, and an antenna feeding structure 104. The antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102 can be arranged relatively parallel and spaced apart, that is, there is a certain clearance distance between the antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102. The connection structure 103 is used to connect the antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102 to achieve grounding. The antenna feeding structure 104 is used to feed the antenna layer 101. In order to ensure better antenna efficiency and directivity, the connection structure 103 can be set at a position close to the geometric center of the antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102. The antenna feeding structure 104 can be set at the edge of the antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102. Such a positional design structure can make the product manufacturing process simpler and easier to implement, and can effectively reduce manufacturing costs.

[0045] In this embodiment, the antenna layer 101 is a metal layer of the screen, that is, the antenna layer 101 is disposed on one of the layers of the screen of the electronic device. For example, it can be disposed on the bottom layer of the screen and bonded to other layers of the screen, or the bottom metal layer of the screen can be directly used as the antenna layer 101; the ground layer 102 can be the ground layer on the motherboard of the electronic device, or it can be a separate metal ground layer used as the antenna of the electronic device; the connection structure 103 can be any conductive structure that can realize electrical connection; the two ends of the connection structure 103 are respectively connected to the antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102.

[0046] To address the poor omnidirectionality of existing antenna designs, where gain is typically high only in a single direction and drops sharply in other directions, the embodiments of this application must meet the following conditions to ensure a uniform gain distribution of the antenna pattern across multiple directions:

[0047] 1) The antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102 have a certain distance in the first direction, which is the screen normal, that is, the direction perpendicular to the screen of the electronic device, also called the Z direction. The Z direction distance between the antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102 is the antenna net space distance. When the antenna net space distance is within a suitable range, the antenna efficiency can be guaranteed to be high, and the antenna gain distribution in the XOY plane (the horizontal plane where the screen is located) and the Z direction is relatively uniform, realizing the omnidirectionality of the antenna direction.

[0048] 2) The distance between the geometric center G of the ground layer 102 and the geometric center F of the antenna layer 101 in the second direction (parallel to the screen) is less than or equal to 0.2λ. That is, the geometric center G of the ground layer 102 and the geometric center F of the antenna layer 101 are best aligned in the Z direction, with a maximum deviation not exceeding 1 / 5 of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band. For example, the coordinate values ​​of the geometric center F of the antenna layer 101 in the XOY plane are the same as or differ by no more than 0.2λ from the coordinate values ​​of the geometric center G of the ground layer 102 in the XOY plane; and the geometric center F of the connecting structure 103 is also aligned with the geometric center G of the antenna layer 102 in the XOY plane. The distance between center E and the geometric center F of antenna layer 101 in the second direction (parallel to the screen) is less than or equal to K times the target size of antenna layer 101, where K is a number greater than 0 and less than 0.2. In other words, the projection of the geometric center E of connecting structure 103 onto antenna layer 101 must lie within a circle centered at the geometric center F of antenna layer 101 with a radius of K*R, where R is the target size of antenna layer 101. This ensures that the gain of antenna layer 101 in the XOY plane is uniformly distributed in all directions. If the projection of the geometric center E of connecting structure 103 onto antenna layer 101 exceeds this circle, the gain uniformity of antenna layer 101 in all directions of the XOY plane will deteriorate, gradually losing its omnidirectional property.

[0049] 3) The target size of the connection structure 103 must be smaller than the target size of the antenna layer 101 and smaller than the size of the ground layer 102. In order to ensure better antenna efficiency, the target size of the connection structure 103 can be much smaller than the target size of the antenna layer 101. For example, the diameter of the connection structure 103 is only 0.08 of the diameter of the antenna layer 101.

[0050] The target size mentioned above can be a diameter or a diagonal length. For example, when the screen of an electronic device is circular (such as a round watch), such as... Figure 2 As shown, the antenna layer 101 and ground layer 102 are circular in shape. The target size is then expressed as the diameter. When the screen of an electronic device is rectangular or approximately rectangular (such as a rectangular watch), as shown... Figure 3 As shown, the antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102 are rectangular in shape, and the target size is based on the diagonal length.

[0051] According to some embodiments of this application, the antenna layer 101, the ground layer 102, and the screen of the electronic device have the same shape. For example... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the shapes of the antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102 can be designed to match the shape of the screen of the electronic device, such as being designed as a circle for a circular screen and as a rectangle for a rectangular screen.

[0052] In addition, it should be noted that the relative size relationship between antenna layer 101 and ground layer 102 has little impact on antenna performance. That is, the target size of antenna layer 101 can be slightly larger than the target size of ground layer 102, or the target size of antenna layer 101 can be slightly smaller than the target size of ground layer 102.

[0053] It should also be noted that the antenna feeding structure 104 in the embodiments of this application can be a feeding structure using a direct feeding method, such as including a spring and a feed source, or it can be a feeding structure using a coupled feeding method, such as a coupling plate. In this method, the coupling plate only needs to be placed next to the antenna layer 101 and grounded at one end to the ground layer 102, without needing to have a direct electrical connection with the antenna layer 101.

[0054] In this embodiment, the size of the antenna layer 101 can be designed according to the specific required operating frequency band.

[0055] According to some embodiments of this application, the target size of the antenna layer 101 is between 0.4λ and 0.6λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the antenna layer 101.

[0056] In order to ensure that antenna layer 101 operates in the target frequency band, the target size of antenna layer 101, such as its diameter or diagonal length, can be designed to be close to 1 / 2 of the wavelength λ corresponding to the target frequency band, with an error fluctuation within ±20%. This ensures that the current mode formed between antenna layer 101 and ground layer 102 has a two-dimensional distribution of λ / 2 wavelength, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the center of this current pattern distribution is a high-current region, surrounded by a low-current region. Taking the antenna target operating frequency band as an example, the target size R of antenna layer 101 can be between 38mm and 55mm. In practical applications, the difference between the actual size and the electrical length of the operating frequency band can be compensated by matching tuning.

[0057] It should be noted that λ is the actual electrical length considering the influence of the dielectric environment. That is, in practical applications, the above wavelengths need to take into account the influence of the dielectric environment and refer to the corresponding electrical length under the actual environment.

[0058] According to some embodiments of this application, K is 1 / 3.

[0059] In some embodiments, the distance between the geometric center E of the connection structure 103 and the geometric center F of the antenna layer 101 in the second direction (the direction parallel to the screen) is less than or equal to 1 / 3 of the target size of the antenna layer 101. That is, the projection of the geometric center E of the connection structure 103 onto the antenna layer 101 is located within a circle with the geometric center F of the antenna layer 101 as the center and R / 3 as the diameter, preferably at the center of the circle, where R is the diameter or diagonal length of the antenna layer 101. This ensures that the gain distribution of the radiation pattern of the antenna layer 101 in the XOY plane is more uniform in all directions, resulting in higher antenna efficiency.

[0060] According to a further embodiment of this application, the geometric center E of the connection structure 103 is aligned with the geometric center F of the antenna layer 101 in the first direction.

[0061] When the geometric center E of the connecting structure 103 is aligned with the geometric center F of the antenna layer 101 in the Z direction, that is, when the projection of the geometric center E of the connecting structure 103 onto the antenna layer 101 coincides with the geometric center F of the antenna layer 101, the antenna efficiency is optimal. Therefore, in some embodiments, the connecting structure 103 can be positioned at the exact center of the antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102, with its two ends connected to the geometric center F of the antenna layer 101 and the geometric center G of the ground layer 102, respectively, to obtain the optimal antenna efficiency.

[0062] According to some embodiments of this application, the target size of the connection structure 103 is less than or equal to 1 / 4 of the target size of the antenna layer 101.

[0063] In some embodiments, to ensure high antenna efficiency, the target size of the connection structure 103 can be less than or equal to 1 / 4 of the target size of the antenna layer 101, such as the diameter r of the connection structure 103 being less than or equal to R / 4, where R is the diameter of the antenna layer 101. When the target size of the connection structure 103 exceeds 1 / 4 of the target size of the antenna layer 101, the antenna efficiency will gradually decrease.

[0064] According to some embodiments of this application, the spacing between the antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102 in the first direction is between 0.1 mm and 2 mm.

[0065] The gap in the Z-direction between the lower surface of antenna layer 101 and the upper surface of ground layer 102 constitutes the antenna clearance area, and the Z-direction distance between antenna layer 101 and ground layer 102 is the antenna clearance spacing. Considering the generality of antenna design patterns, to ensure relatively ideal antenna radiation characteristics, the antenna clearance spacing needs to be between 0.1mm and 2mm. Within this range, a larger clearance spacing results in higher antenna efficiency, but simultaneously, the antenna gain in the XOY horizontal plane direction will decrease, while the antenna gain in the screen normal direction (Z-direction) will increase. Therefore, during the antenna design phase, the gain in each direction can be controlled by adjusting the Z-direction distance between antenna layer 101 and ground layer 102. For example, when a high screen normal gain is required, this distance can be increased; when a high horizontal plane gain is required, this distance can be decreased.

[0066] According to a further embodiment of this application, the distance between the antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102 in the first direction is between 0.8 mm and 1.2 mm.

[0067] By simulating the antenna pattern of the electronic device when the Z-axis spacing between antenna layer 101 and ground layer 102 is within different ranges, the following pattern was found:

[0068] When the spacing is between 0.8mm and 1.2mm, the antenna pattern is relatively ideal, and its omnidirectionality is most uniform in the XOY plane and the Z+ direction.

[0069] When this gap is between 0.1 and 0.8 mm, the gain in the XOY plane will be too high, and the gain in the Z+ direction will be reduced.

[0070] When the gap is between 1.2mm and 2.0mm, the gain in the Z+ direction will increase, but the gain in the XOY plane will decrease as the gap increases.

[0071] Therefore, in some embodiments, in order to ensure better antenna directivity in both the XOY plane and the Z+ direction, the Z-direction spacing between the antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102 can be set between 0.8mm and 1.2mm.

[0072] In practical applications, by adjusting this spacing height, the gain of the antenna in various directions can be controlled. When it is necessary to further increase the gain in the Z+ direction, this gap can be increased; when it is necessary to further increase the omnidirectional gain in the XOY plane, this gap can be appropriately decreased. Applying this principle to actual debugging can achieve the controllable directivity feature of the embodiments of this application.

[0073] According to some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 5 and Figure 12 As shown, the antenna layer 101 is provided with a cross groove 110 and / or a beveled groove 120, and when the cross groove 110 and the beveled groove 120 are provided, the center point of the cross groove 110 coincides with the center point of the beveled groove 120.

[0074] The effective current modes formed on antenna layer 101 are a two-dimensional distribution with a wavelength of λ / 2, specifically as follows: Figure 4 As shown, since the feed (i.e., the antenna feed structure 104) is not in the center of the antenna layer 101 but on the side, a strong current pattern appears in the lower left corner. This pattern is unwanted and needs to be weakened or eliminated. Therefore, the antenna layer 101 can be slotted.

[0075] Specifically, in some embodiments, a cross slot 110 can be formed on the antenna layer 101. Specifically, the cross slot 110 can be set at the center of the antenna layer 101. For example, the center point of the cross slot 110 coincides with the geometric center of the antenna layer 101. By setting the cross slot 110 on the antenna layer 101, the center current mode of the antenna layer 101 can be strengthened, and the strong current mode appearing in the lower left corner of the antenna layer 101 can be weakened.

[0076] In other embodiments, a beveled slot 120 may be formed on the antenna layer 101. Specifically, the beveled slot 120 may be formed at the center of the antenna layer 101. For example, if the center point of the beveled slot 120 coincides with the geometric center of the antenna layer 101, the beveled slot 120 on the antenna layer 101 can also strengthen the center current mode of the antenna layer 101 and weaken the strong current mode that appears in the lower left corner of the antenna layer 101.

[0077] In some embodiments, a cross-shaped slot 110 and a beveled slot 120 can be formed on the antenna layer 101. Specifically, the cross-shaped slot 110 and the beveled slot 120 can be respectively set at the center position of the antenna layer 101. For example, the center point of the cross-shaped slot 110 coincides with the center point of the beveled slot 120, and both coincide with the geometric center of the antenna layer 101. In this way, by simultaneously setting the cross-shaped slot 110 and the beveled slot 120 on the antenna layer 101, the center current mode of the antenna layer 101 can be strengthened, and the strong current mode appearing in the lower left corner of the antenna layer 101 can be weakened or even eliminated.

[0078] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, the antenna layer 101 structure incorporates cross-shaped and oblique slots. For example, a cross-shaped slot 110 and an oblique slot 120 can be positioned at the geometric center of the antenna layer 101. This enhances the "two-dimensional current mode distribution pattern of λ / 2 wavelength" and ensures antenna efficiency, resulting in a more stable current mode and achieving better antenna performance consistency in actual production. The current mode distribution in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0079] It should be noted that in some embodiments, it can be as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the two ends of the cross slot 110 can be open to ensure that the center current mode reaches its maximum. However, strengthening the center current mode will reduce the antenna efficiency to a certain extent. Therefore, the two ends of the oblique slot 120 can be further designed to be closed to ensure that the antenna efficiency does not drop too much, so as to achieve the purpose of strengthening the center current mode while taking into account the antenna efficiency.

[0080] According to some embodiments of this application, the target size of the ground layer 102 is larger than the target size of the antenna layer 101.

[0081] In some embodiments, the target size of ground layer 102 may be designed to be slightly larger than the target size of antenna layer 101. Of course, in other possible embodiments, the target size of ground layer 102 may be designed to be equal to or slightly smaller than the target size of antenna layer 101.

[0082] According to some embodiments of this application, antenna layer 101 is the lowest metal ground layer of the screen of the electronic device;

[0083] Alternatively, antenna layer 101 may be the bottom metal shield of the screen of the electronic device;

[0084] Alternatively, the antenna layer 101 may be a flexible printed circuit (FPC) that is attached to the bottom of the screen of the electronic device.

[0085] In some embodiments, the actual form of the antenna layer 101 can be the bottom metal ground (GND) layer of the screen of the electronic device, the bottom metal shield of the screen of the electronic device, or an antenna FPC that is independent of the screen assembly and closely attached to the bottom layer of the screen.

[0086] In other words, when the bottom layer of the screen of the electronic device is a metal ground layer, the metal ground layer can be directly used as the antenna layer 101. When the bottom layer of the screen of the electronic device is a metal shield, the metal shield can be directly used as the antenna layer 101. When the bottom layer of the screen of the electronic device is a non-metallic layer, an FPC that is attached to it can be added to the bottom layer of the screen as the antenna layer 101.

[0087] Of course, the antenna layer 101 can also be other forms of metal structure. That is, this application does not impose any special limitation on the specific structural form of the antenna layer 101, as long as it is a metal structure that can be used as an antenna.

[0088] In this way, by using the bottom layer of the screen to design the antenna structure, no additional device space is required, and costs are saved. Alternatively, by designing a layer of FPC attached to the bottom of the screen as the antenna, not only can the space occupied by the device be reduced, but the antenna structure can also be kept simple and easy to implement.

[0089] According to some embodiments of this application, ground layer 102 is the ground layer of the motherboard of the electronic device;

[0090] Alternatively, stratum 102 may be composed of steel sheets;

[0091] Alternatively, the ground layer 102 may be a conductive cloth that is attached to the surface of the support component of the electronic device.

[0092] In some embodiments, the actual form of ground layer 102 can be the ground layer of the motherboard of the electronic device. The motherboard structure is typically a printed circuit board (PCB), but it can also be a solid metal sheet, or conductive cloth attached to the surface of some support components inside the electronic device. In general, ground layer 102 can be any form of solid metal structure. In this way, the ground layer 102 of the antenna can be implemented using the existing ground layer structure or conductive structure of the electronic device, reducing the space occupied by the device and saving costs. Alternatively, a solid metal structure can be additionally set as the ground layer 102 of the antenna, but it will not occupy too much device space, and the structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0093] It should be noted that, in order to maximize the use of space in the whole device, other metal or non-metal devices such as batteries may be allowed between the antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102. If other devices such as batteries are present, the antenna performance will be reduced to a certain extent, but it will still have better antenna performance than existing technologies.

[0094] According to some embodiments of this application, the connection structure 103 is a conductive foam, a spring, or a metal connector.

[0095] In some embodiments, the connection structure 103 can be made of conductive foam, metal spring, metal connector, etc., so the specific implementation of grounding through the connection structure 103 can be conductive foam grounding, spring grounding, or pogo pin grounding, etc., to ensure a good grounding effect on the antenna layer 101.

[0096] In some other possible embodiments, the connection structure 103 can also be a small inductor or capacitor, that is, the antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102 can adopt various equivalent grounding forms such as small inductor grounding and capacitor grounding. This grounding effect is not as good as the effect of direct grounding through metal parts such as springs, but it can still improve antenna efficiency and control the horizontal cross-sectional gain of the antenna.

[0097] According to some embodiments of this application, the number of connection structures 103 is one or more.

[0098] In some embodiments, the antenna layer 101 can also be made to work in multiple frequency bands by increasing the number of grounding points between the antenna layer 101 and the ground layer 102, for example, by increasing the number to two.

[0099] To verify the antenna pattern effect of the embodiments of this application, taking the antenna design of the Bluetooth antenna band as an example, the performance of the existing mid-frame coupling scheme, the under-display cavity scheme and the under-display controllable pattern antenna scheme of this application in terms of antenna efficiency and gain in each direction are compared.

[0100] The efficiency of existing mid-frame coupling antenna schemes is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the antenna pattern of this scheme in the XOZ plane is as follows. Figure 7a As shown, the antenna pattern in the XOY plane is as follows: Figure 7b As shown, the gain in each direction of the vertical tangent is as follows Figure 8a As shown, the gain in each direction of the horizontal cross-section is as follows Figure 8b As shown.

[0101] The antenna efficiency of existing under-display cavity solutions is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the antenna pattern of this scheme in the XOZ plane is as follows. Figure 10a As shown, the antenna pattern in the XOY plane is as follows: Figure 10b As shown, the gain in each direction of the vertical tangent is as follows Figure 11a As shown, the gain in each direction of the horizontal cross-section is as follows Figure 11b As shown.

[0102] The structure of the under-display controllable pattern antenna scheme in this application embodiment is as follows: Figure 12 As shown, the antenna efficiency of this scheme is as follows: Figure 13 As shown, the antenna pattern in the XOZ plane is as follows. Figure 14a As shown, the antenna pattern in the XOY plane is as follows: Figure 14bAs shown, the gain in each direction of the vertical tangent is as follows Figure 15a As shown, the gain in each direction of the horizontal cross-section is as follows Figure 15b As shown.

[0103] The comparison of the three antenna schemes in terms of antenna efficiency, average gain in the horizontal section, and average gain in the vertical section is shown in Table 1 below.

[0104] Table 1 Comparison of the effects of three antenna schemes

[0105]

[0106] from Figures 6 to 15b As can be seen from the comparison data in Table 1 above, under the same overall system environment, the under-screen antenna scheme with controllable radiation pattern provided in this application embodiment has better antenna efficiency and more omnidirectional gain in the horizontal cross-section.

[0107] The following is a specific application example of this application: a typical under-display controllable directional antenna solution where the battery is located between the screen and the motherboard.

[0108] To meet the requirements of network-free communication and a communication distance of over 300m, the antenna gain needs to reach -12dBi in the 2.45GHz band. Conventional antenna solutions cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of being lightweight, low-cost, having excellent antenna performance, and having strong gain in all directions of the horizontal cross-section; however, the antenna solution provided in this application can simultaneously meet the above requirements.

[0109] In practical applications, an independent FPC with the same area as the screen is used as the antenna layer 101, the motherboard ground is used as the ground layer 102, and conductive foam is used as the connection structure 103. In this way, the antenna FPC and the motherboard ground are grounded through the conductive foam in the middle, thus forming an under-screen antenna design with controllable direction. In order to achieve the maximum utilization of the overall space, the battery is allowed to be placed between the antenna FPC and the motherboard, and grounded by connecting the battery to the motherboard ground to control the stability of the antenna.

[0110] By adjusting the net space distance between the antenna FPC and the upper surface of the battery, the gain of the horizontal section antenna can be controlled. In order to meet the requirements of a screen normal gain of -10dBi or higher and a horizontal antenna gain of -12dBi or higher, this net space distance can be appropriately reduced to ultimately meet the design requirements.

[0111] In summary, this application provides an under-display omnidirectional antenna solution that can be applied to electronic products such as smartwatches, featuring an omnidirectional radiation pattern, controllable directional gain, higher antenna efficiency, and extremely low screen clearance requirements, thus providing a superior antenna solution for smartwatches in local area networking and other application scenarios.

[0112] An electronic device according to an embodiment of this application includes: an antenna layer, which is an under-screen metal layer; a ground layer; a connection structure, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the antenna layer and the ground layer; an antenna feeding structure, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the antenna layer and the ground layer; wherein, the antenna layer and the ground layer are spaced apart in a first direction; the distance between the geometric center of the connection structure and the geometric center of the antenna layer in a second direction is less than or equal to K times the target size of the antenna layer, where K is a number greater than 0 and less than 0.2; the distance between the geometric center of the ground layer and the geometric center of the antenna layer in the second direction is less than or equal to 0.2λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the antenna layer; the target size of the connection structure is smaller than the target size of the antenna layer and smaller than the size of the ground layer; the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the screen of the electronic device, and the second direction is a direction parallel to the screen of the electronic device; the target size is a diameter or a diagonal length. In this way, by designing an under-screen antenna scheme, the antenna layer and the ground layer are connected by a connection structure to achieve grounding, and the antenna layer is fed by an antenna feeding structure. The geometric centers of the ground layer and the antenna layer are basically aligned. The size of the connection structure is smaller than the size of the antenna layer and the ground layer, and the geometric center of the connection structure is within a certain range of the geometric center of the antenna layer. This enables electronic devices to have good antenna efficiency and ensures that the antenna gain is evenly distributed in all directions in the horizontal plane of the screen. This avoids communication dead zones in the networking of smart electronic devices and improves communication quality.

[0113] Other components of the electronic device according to embodiments of this application, such as processors and sensors, as well as its operation, are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0114] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0115] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Antenna layer, wherein the antenna layer is the metal layer of the screen of the electronic device; Strata; A connection structure, wherein the two ends of the connection structure are respectively connected to the antenna layer and the ground layer; An antenna feeding structure, wherein the two ends of the antenna feeding structure are respectively connected to the antenna layer and the ground layer; Wherein, the antenna layer and the ground layer are spaced apart in a first direction; the distance between the geometric center of the connecting structure and the geometric center of the antenna layer in a second direction is less than or equal to K times the target size of the antenna layer, where K is a number greater than 0 and less than 0.2; the distance between the geometric center of the ground layer and the geometric center of the antenna layer in the second direction is less than or equal to 0.2λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the antenna layer; the target size of the connecting structure is smaller than the target size of the antenna layer and smaller than the size of the ground layer; The first direction is perpendicular to the screen of the electronic device, and the second direction is parallel to the screen of the electronic device; the target size is the diameter or diagonal length.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, K is 1 / 3.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The geometric center of the connection structure is aligned with the geometric center of the antenna layer in the first direction.

4. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the antenna layer and the ground layer in the first direction is between 0.1 mm and 2 mm.

5. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target size of the connection structure is less than or equal to 1 / 4 of the target size of the antenna layer.

6. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna layer is provided with a cross-shaped groove and / or a beveled groove.

7. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The target size of the antenna layer is between 0.4λ and 0.6λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the antenna layer.

8. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The antenna layer is the lowest metal ground layer of the screen of the electronic device; Alternatively, the antenna layer may be the bottommost metal shielding cover of the screen of the electronic device; Alternatively, the antenna layer may be a flexible circuit board (FPC) that is attached to the bottom of the screen of the electronic device.

9. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The ground layer is the ground layer of the motherboard of the electronic device; Alternatively, the formation may be made of steel sheets; Alternatively, the ground layer may be a conductive cloth adhered to the surface of a support component of the electronic device.

10. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The connection structure is conductive foam, spring, or metal connector.

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