Reactor for preparing triethyl orthoformate through alcoholysis reaction

Abstract

The utility model discloses a reactor for preparing triethyl orthoformate through alcoholysis reaction. Comprising a bottom plate, a tank body fixedly connected to the upper end of the bottom plate, a feeding unit arranged at the upper end of the tank body, an air inlet unit arranged on the side wall of the tank body, a discharging unit arranged on the lower portion of the side wall of the tank body, a mixing mechanism arranged at the upper end of the bottom plate, a second fixing box arranged on the lower portion of the inner wall of the tank body and a vertical cylinder fixedly connected to the upper end of the second fixing box. The hopper body is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical cylinder, the inner tank is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second fixing box, the second through hole is formed in the lower end of the inner tank in a penetrating mode, the vertical pipes are fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner tank, and the third through holes are formed in the peripheral walls of the vertical pipes in a penetrating mode. The device has the advantages that the gas-liquid mass transfer can be efficiently enhanced, the removal of light components is promoted, the semi-continuous efficient reaction is realized, and the catalyst is convenient to recycle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of chemical equipment technology, specifically a reactor for preparing triethyl orthoformate by alcoholysis reaction. Background Technology

[0002] Triethyl orthoformate is an important organic synthesis intermediate widely used in pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes and other industries. One common preparation method is based on the alcoholysis (ester exchange) reaction of trimethyl orthoformate with ethanol. This reaction usually needs to be carried out in the presence of a catalyst and involves mass transfer and reaction processes between the gas and liquid phases.

[0003] Currently, batch reactor processes are commonly used in industrial production. In this process, ethanol and catalyst are typically added to a reactor and heated, followed by the dropwise addition of trimethyl orthoformate to initiate the reaction. The methanol produced in the reaction needs to be removed promptly to shift the equilibrium to the right. However, existing technologies rely on bulk mixing of the liquid phase, resulting in limited removal efficiency of the gaseous methanol. This leads to incomplete equilibrium shift, and the reaction rate and conversion rate need to be improved. Secondly, separating the homogeneous catalyst (such as sodium alkoxide) from the reaction mixture is a cumbersome process, increasing the cost and energy consumption of subsequent processing. Furthermore, batch operation has low production efficiency, and the limited gas-liquid contact area during the reaction leads to uneven mass and heat transfer, which can easily generate side reactions, affecting product purity and yield.

[0004] Therefore, how to design a reaction device that can enhance gas-liquid contact, promote the removal of light components, achieve efficient continuous or semi-continuous reactions, and facilitate catalyst separation and recovery has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a reactor for the preparation of triethyl orthoformate by alcoholysis reaction, which has the advantages of efficiently enhancing gas-liquid mass transfer, promoting the removal of light components, realizing semi-continuous and efficient reaction and facilitating catalyst recovery, thus solving the problems in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A reactor for preparing triethyl orthoformate by alcoholysis includes a bottom plate, a tank fixed to the upper part of the bottom plate, a feeding unit disposed at the upper part of the tank, an air inlet unit disposed on the side wall of the tank, a discharge unit disposed at the lower part of the side wall of the tank, a mixing mechanism disposed at the upper part of the bottom plate, a second fixed box disposed at the lower part of the inner wall of the tank, a vertical cylinder fixed to the upper part of the second fixed box, a hopper fixed to the upper part of the vertical cylinder, an inner tank fixed to the inner wall of the second fixed box, a second through hole opened through the lower part of the inner tank, a plurality of vertical pipes fixed to the upper part of the inner tank, a plurality of third through holes opened through the outer peripheral wall of each vertical pipe, a hot liquid inlet mechanism disposed on the second fixed box, and a liquid pumping mechanism disposed at the upper part of the bottom plate for pumping liquid in the mixing mechanism into the second fixed box.

[0008] The tank is equipped with a scraping mechanism for scraping off droplets adhering to the outer wall of the vertical cylinder and the outer peripheral wall of multiple risers.

[0009] The air outlet of the air intake unit passes through the tank and extends to the inner wall of the vertical cylinder. A cavity is opened in the wall of the second fixed box, and the hot liquid inlet mechanism is used to inject hot liquid into the cavity.

[0010] Preferably, the feeding unit includes a feed cylinder that is fixedly connected to the upper end of the tank body, a feed can that is fixedly connected to the upper end of the feed cylinder, and a first valve body disposed on the feed cylinder.

[0011] It is worth noting that this structure provides a stable and controllable input path for the raw material (trimethyl orthoformate). The feed tank facilitates batch feeding or connection to a continuous feeding system. The feed cylinder ensures that the material falls vertically into the core reaction zone. The first valve can precisely control the rate and timing of the raw material addition, thereby matching the amount of ethanol vapor generated below. This avoids the instantaneous excess of raw material leading to incomplete reaction or local over-concentration, which helps maintain a suitable gas-liquid molar ratio in the reaction zone and promotes a stable and efficient reaction.

[0012] Preferably, the air intake unit includes an air intake pipe that is fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the tank, a second valve body disposed on the air intake pipe, and a blower fixed to the upper end of the bottom plate. The air outlet of the blower is connected to the air inlet of the air intake pipe through a pipe, and the air outlet of the air intake pipe passes through the outer peripheral wall of the tank and extends to the inner wall of the vertical cylinder.

[0013] It is worth noting that the air intake unit, consisting of the blower, the air intake pipe, and the second valve body, plays a crucial role in providing a continuous, stable, and controllable flow of inert gas (such as nitrogen) or dry air to the reaction zone (bottom of the vertical cylinder). This airflow serves as a power source, forcing the ethanol vapor generated by heating in the second fixed box to be dispersed into fine airflows and sprayed upwards through the third through-hole on the vertical pipe. This greatly increases the gas-liquid contact area and turbulence, enhancing the mass transfer process. Simultaneously, this rising airflow can promptly and forcefully remove the light component product (methanol) vapor generated by the reaction from the reaction zone, significantly reducing its partial pressure within the reaction zone. This continuously and powerfully propels the chemical equilibrium of the alcoholysis reaction toward the formation of triethyl orthoformate, effectively improving the single-pass conversion rate and reaction rate.

[0014] Preferably, the discharge unit includes a drain pipe that is fixed to the lower part of the outer peripheral wall of the tank and a third valve body disposed on the drain pipe.

[0015] It is worth noting that the drain pipe and the third valve body constitute a simple and efficient discharge unit. After the reaction is completed, the generated triethyl orthoformate product, the unreacted material and the catalyst enrichment liquid that may precipitate are mainly located at the bottom of the tank. By opening the third valve body, the reaction mixture can be discharged smoothly for subsequent separation and purification. This design facilitates intermittent unloading or connection with subsequent processes, and the operation is flexible.

[0016] Preferably, a bucket body is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical cylinder, and the lower end of the feed cylinder passes through the upper end of the tank body and is fixedly connected to a first fixed box. An inlet hole is opened through the upper end of the first fixed box, a groove is opened inside the first fixed box, and multiple first through holes are opened through the lower end of the first fixed box.

[0017] It is worth noting that the bucket structure plays a role in converging and buffering the rising airflow and reaction mixture vapor, which helps the unreacted material vapor to flow back. The design of the first fixed box allows the trimethyl orthoformate liquid to flow into its internal tank through the feed cylinder for temporary storage, and then be evenly sprinkled in droplets or fine streams through multiple evenly distributed first through holes at the bottom. This multi-point distribution feeding method allows the liquid raw material to be dispersed into more and finer droplets when entering the vertical cylinder reaction zone, thereby forming a more sufficient and uniform countercurrent contact and collision with the high-speed rising airflow rich in ethanol vapor below in the vertical cylinder space, maximizing the contact interface between the gas and liquid phases, and significantly improving mass transfer and reaction efficiency.

[0018] Preferably, the mixing mechanism includes a water tank fixed to the upper end of the base plate, a first motor fixed to the upper end of the water tank, a first rotating rod fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the first motor, and a plurality of stirring blocks fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the first rotating rod. The first rotating rod and the stirring blocks are all located inside the water tank.

[0019] It is worth noting that the independent mixing mechanism enables the pre-mixing and thorough dissolution of ethanol and solid catalysts (such as metallic sodium or sodium ethoxide). The first motor drives the rotor and stirring block to rotate at high speed, which can generate strong eddies and shearing effects in the water tank, ensuring that the catalyst is quickly and uniformly dispersed and dissolved in ethanol to form a homogeneous catalytic alcohol solution. This process is decoupled from the reaction process in the main reactor, avoiding problems such as excessively high local concentration, uneven mixing, and instantaneous violent reactions that may occur when the catalyst is directly added to the main reactor. It lays the foundation for providing the reaction system with a feed liquid of constant composition and consistent activity in a continuous and stable manner.

[0020] Preferably, the pumping mechanism is a water pump fixed to the upper part of the base plate, the pumping end of the water pump is connected to the outlet end of the water tank through a pipe, and the outlet end of the water pump is connected to the innermost wall of the second fixed box through a pipe.

[0021] It is worth noting that the water pump can continuously pump the pre-prepared homogeneous solution of ethanol and catalyst in the mixing mechanism into the inner tank of the second fixed box at a stable and adjustable flow rate. This allows the reactant (ethanol) to be replenished in real time according to the reaction consumption rate, thereby establishing a dynamic equilibrium in the main reactor, which greatly improves production efficiency. Moreover, by maintaining the relative stability of the reactant concentration in the reaction zone, it is beneficial to control the reaction rate and the stable release of heat, making the entire reaction process easier to control and optimize.

[0022] Preferably, the scraping mechanism includes a lower ring fixed to the lower part of the inner wall of the tank, an upper ring fixed to the upper part of the inner wall of the tank, a second motor fixed to the upper end of the upper ring, a screw fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the second motor, a threaded sleeve block threaded to the outer peripheral wall of the screw, an outer lifting ring sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the vertical cylinder, a second magnetic ring fixed to the inner wall of the outer lifting ring, an inner lifting ring sleeved on the outer peripheral walls of multiple vertical pipes, and a first magnetic ring fixed to the inner wall of the inner lifting ring. The outer peripheral wall of the outer lifting ring and the side wall of the threaded sleeve block are fixed to each other. A guide block is fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the outer lifting ring. A guide rod is fixed to one end of the lower ring and the upper ring that are close to each other. The outer peripheral wall of the guide rod and the inner wall of the guide block are in contact. The first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring are at the same height and magnetically attracted to each other. A fixed cylinder is fixed to the inner wall of the inner lifting ring. A second rotating rod is rotatably mounted on the fixed cylinder. Multiple fan blades are fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the second rotating rod.

[0023] It is worth noting that the second motor drives the threaded sleeve block and the outer lifting ring connected to it to rise and fall smoothly and periodically along the guide rod through the screw. Through the magnetic coupling between the first and second magnetic rings, the movement of the outer lifting ring can synchronously drive the inner lifting ring to make the same regular rising and falling movement on the riser. During this process, the inner edges of the inner and outer lifting rings effectively scrape off the condensate droplets adhering to the outer wall of the riser and the outer wall of the riser, respectively, so that they flow back to the lower high-temperature zone to be reheated and vaporized, and participate in the reaction, thereby significantly improving the material utilization rate. The fan blades fixed on the inner scraper ring will be passively rotated due to the relative airflow when moving with the lifting ring, stirring the airflow inside the riser, further enhancing gas disturbance, and promoting gas-liquid mixing and uniform heat distribution.

[0024] Preferably, the hot liquid inlet mechanism includes a hot oil injection pipe, a hot oil outlet pipe, and a hot water injection pipe that are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the tank. A spiral coil is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the second fixed box. The outlet end of the hot oil injection pipe penetrates the outer peripheral wall of the tank and the outer peripheral wall of the second fixed box and is connected to the spiral coil. The inlet end of the hot oil outlet pipe penetrates the outer peripheral wall of the tank and the outer peripheral wall of the second fixed box and is connected to the spiral coil. The outlet end of the hot water injection pipe penetrates the outer peripheral wall of the tank and the outer peripheral wall of the second fixed box and extends to the inner wall of the second fixed box.

[0025] It is worth noting that the hydrothermal inlet mechanism provides two flexible and efficient heating and temperature control methods. The first method connects the hot oil injection pipe and the output pipe to the spiral coil at the bottom of the second fixed box. High-temperature heat transfer oil circulates within the coil, indirectly and uniformly heating the ethanol-catalyst solution in the inner tank through the pipe wall. This method offers high heating temperature, high thermal efficiency, and precise temperature control, making it suitable for the main heating stage required by the reaction. The second method involves directly introducing hot water into the cavity of the second fixed box wall or directly contacting the material through the hot water injection pipe. This is suitable for situations requiring gentle heating, heat preservation, or system cleaning. This dual-mode design greatly enhances the reactor's operational flexibility and adaptability, meeting the different temperature requirements of different reaction stages. At the same time, the indirect heating spiral coil design avoids direct contact between the high-temperature heat source and organic matter, improving safety.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0027] 1. This utility model constructs a highly efficient gas-liquid countercurrent reaction environment by setting up a blower, a second fixed box, a vertical cylinder, and a riser with multiple third through holes. During operation, the blower continuously introduces carrier gas into the bottom of the vertical cylinder. This airflow not only forces the heated and vaporized ethanol vapor in the second fixed box to disperse through the third through holes on the riser to form a fine, high-speed upward airflow, but also allows it to fully contact and collide with the trimethyl orthoformate droplets evenly distributed through the first fixed box in the vertical cylinder space. This process greatly increases the mass transfer area and mass transfer coefficient of the gas and liquid phases, thereby significantly accelerating the reaction rate. At the same time, the continuously flowing carrier gas can effectively remove the light component (methanol) vapor generated by the reaction from the reaction zone in a timely manner, rapidly reducing its local partial pressure and continuously pushing the chemical equilibrium towards the direction of generating the target product. This solves the conversion bottleneck problem caused by incomplete methanol removal in traditional processes.

[0028] 2. This utility model achieves modular and semi-continuous operation from raw material pretreatment to reactant supply by setting up independent mixing mechanism, liquid pumping mechanism (water pump) and hot liquid entry mechanism. The mixing mechanism can pre-mix the catalyst and ethanol evenly, and then the water pump continuously pumps it into the inner tank of the second fixed box as needed to be heated. This design enables the reactant (ethanol vapor) to be supplied stably and controllably, replacing the traditional intermittent batch feeding, which greatly improves production efficiency and operation continuity. At the same time, the mixture and catalyst after the reaction are mainly concentrated at the bottom of the tank and the area of ​​the second fixed box, which is convenient for centralized processing and recycling, simplifies the post-processing process, and reduces energy consumption and cost.

[0029] 3. This utility model effectively solves the problems of material loss and reduced heat and mass transfer efficiency caused by the condensation and adhesion of steam on the cold wall surface of the vertical cylinder and riser during the reaction process through the scraping mechanism. The second motor drives the screw to rotate, which drives the outer lifting ring to rise and fall smoothly along the guide rod. It also drives the inner lifting ring to move synchronously through magnetic coupling, thereby periodically scraping off the liquid droplets on the condensed wall surface and letting them fall back to the high-temperature zone to participate in the reaction again. This not only improves the utilization rate of raw materials, but also ensures the cleanliness of the inner wall of the reactor and the heat transfer efficiency. At the same time, the fan blades on the inner lifting ring are passively rotated during the lifting process, which further disturbs the airflow in the vertical cylinder, promotes the uniform distribution of temperature and concentration in the reaction zone, and strengthens the reaction process. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the mixing mechanism and the liquid extraction mechanism of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the feeding unit of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the first fixing box of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the vertical tube of this utility model.

[0035] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the scraping mechanism of this utility model.

[0036] Figure 7 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the second fixing box of this utility model.

[0037] Reference numerals: 1. Base plate; 2. Tank body; 3. Feeding unit; 301. Feeding cylinder; 302. Feeding tank; 303. First valve body; 4. Air inlet pipe; 5. Second valve body; 6. Drain pipe; 7. Third valve body; 8. Blower; 9. Water tank; 10. Water pump; 11. First motor; 12. First rotating rod; 13. Stirring block; 14. Hot oil injection pipe; 15. Hot oil output pipe; 16. Hot water injection pipe; 17. First fixing box; 18. Inlet hole; 19. Tank body; 20. First 21. Through hole; 22. Second fixed box; 23. Vertical cylinder; 24. Bucket body; 25. Spiral coil; 26. Inner tank; 27. Second through hole; 28. Vertical pipe; 29. ​​Third through hole; 20. Lower ring body; 21. Upper ring body; 22. Second motor; 33. Screw; 34. Threaded sleeve block; 35. Inner lifting ring; 36. First magnet ring; 37. Fixed cylinder; 38. Second rotating rod; 39. Fan blade; 30. Outer lifting ring; 31. Second magnet ring; 32. Guide block; 33. Guide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0039] To address the problems in existing technologies, such as low mass transfer efficiency due to limited gas-liquid contact area during the reaction process, incomplete removal of light component methanol affecting reaction equilibrium, low production efficiency of batch operation, and difficulties in separating and recovering homogeneous catalysts, the following technical solution is proposed. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-7 ;

[0040] A reactor for preparing triethyl orthoformate by alcoholysis includes a bottom plate 1, a tank 2 fixed to the upper end of the bottom plate 1, a feeding unit 3 disposed at the upper end of the tank 2, an air inlet unit disposed on the side wall of the tank 2, a discharge unit disposed at the lower part of the side wall of the tank 2, a mixing mechanism disposed at the upper end of the bottom plate 1, a second fixed box 21 disposed at the lower part of the inner wall of the tank 2, a vertical cylinder 211 fixed to the upper end of the second fixed box 21, a bucket 212 fixed to the upper end of the vertical cylinder 211, an inner tank 22 fixed to the inner wall of the second fixed box 21, a second through hole 23 penetrating the lower end of the inner tank 22, a plurality of vertical pipes 24 fixed to the upper end of the inner tank 22, a plurality of third through holes 25 penetrating the outer peripheral wall of each vertical pipe 24, a hot liquid inlet mechanism disposed on the second fixed box 21, and a liquid extraction mechanism disposed at the upper end of the bottom plate 1 for drawing liquid from the mixing mechanism into the second fixed box 21.

[0041] The tank body 2 is equipped with a scraping mechanism for scraping off droplets adhering to the outer wall of the vertical cylinder 211 and the outer peripheral wall of multiple vertical pipes 24.

[0042] The air outlet of the air intake unit passes through the tank 2 and extends to the inner wall of the vertical cylinder 211. A cavity is opened in the wall of the second fixed box 21, and the hot liquid inlet mechanism is used to inject hot liquid into the cavity.

[0043] In use, air is introduced into the vertical cylinder 211 through the air intake unit. The liquid extraction mechanism and the mixing mechanism are turned on, and the ethanol and catalyst mixed by the mixing mechanism are drawn into the second fixed box 21. External hot liquid is introduced into the cavity of the second fixed box 21 to heat the mixture of ethanol and catalyst mixed by the mixing mechanism. Trimethyl orthoformate is placed into the feeding unit 3 and the feeding unit 3 is turned on so that it falls into the vertical cylinder 211 by gravity. The ethanol-rich vapor rising from the bottom will emerge through the riser 24 and the third through hole 25 and react with the trimethyl orthoformate in the vertical cylinder 211. Then the gas introduced will blow the mixture mist upward and finally collect it in the tank 2.

[0044] In this embodiment, specifically: the feeding unit 3 includes a feeding cylinder 301 that is fixedly connected to the upper end of the tank body 2, a feeding tank 302 that is fixedly connected to the upper end of the feeding cylinder 301, and a first valve body 303 disposed on the feeding cylinder 301.

[0045] In this embodiment, specifically: the air intake unit includes an air intake pipe 4 that is fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the tank body 2, a second valve body 5 disposed on the air intake pipe 4, and a blower 8 fixed to the upper end of the bottom plate 1. The air outlet end of the blower 8 is connected to the air intake end of the air intake pipe 4 through a pipe. The air outlet end of the air intake pipe 4 passes through the outer peripheral wall of the tank body 2 and extends to the inner wall of the vertical cylinder 211.

[0046] In this embodiment, specifically: the discharge unit includes a drain pipe 6 that is fixed to the lower part of the outer peripheral wall of the tank 2 and a third valve body 7 disposed on the drain pipe 6.

[0047] In this embodiment, specifically: the upper end of the vertical cylinder 211 is fixedly connected to the bucket body 212, the lower end of the feed cylinder 301 passes through the upper end of the tank body 2 and is fixedly connected to the first fixed box 17, the upper end of the first fixed box 17 is provided with an inlet hole 18, the first fixed box 17 is provided with a groove 19, and the lower end of the first fixed box 17 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 20.

[0048] In this embodiment, specifically: the mixing mechanism includes a water tank 9 fixed to the upper end of the base plate 1, a first motor 11 fixed to the upper end of the water tank 9, a first rotating rod 12 fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the first motor 11, and a plurality of stirring blocks 13 fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the first rotating rod 12. The first rotating rod 12 and the stirring blocks 13 are both located inside the water tank 9.

[0049] In this embodiment, specifically: the liquid extraction mechanism is a water pump 10 fixed to the upper end of the base plate 1. The liquid extraction end of the water pump 10 is connected to the liquid outlet end of the water tank 9 through a pipe, and the liquid outlet end of the water pump 10 is connected to the innermost wall of the second fixed box 21 through a pipe.

[0050] In this embodiment, specifically: the scraping mechanism includes a lower ring 26 fixed to the lower part of the inner wall of the tank 2, an upper ring 27 fixed to the upper part of the inner wall of the tank 2, a second motor 28 fixed to the upper end of the upper ring 27, a screw 29 fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the second motor 28, a threaded sleeve 30 threadedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the screw 29, an outer lifting ring 36 sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the vertical cylinder 211, a second magnetic ring 37 fixed to the inner wall of the outer lifting ring 36, an inner lifting ring 31 sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of multiple vertical pipes 24, and a first magnetic ring 37 fixed to the inner wall of the inner lifting ring 31. The outer peripheral wall of the magnetic ring 32 and the outer lifting ring 36 and the side wall of the threaded sleeve block 30 are fixed to each other. The outer peripheral wall of the outer lifting ring 36 is fixed to a guide block 38. The lower ring body 26 and the upper ring body 27 are fixed to a guide rod 39 at their close ends. The outer peripheral wall of the guide rod 39 and the inner wall of the guide block 38 are in contact. The first magnetic ring 32 and the second magnetic ring 37 are at the same height and are magnetically attracted to each other. The inner wall of the inner lifting ring 31 is fixed to a fixed cylinder 33. A second rotating rod 34 is rotatably mounted on the fixed cylinder 33. Multiple fan blades 35 are fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the second rotating rod 34.

[0051] In this embodiment, specifically: the hot liquid inlet mechanism includes a hot oil injection pipe 14, a hot oil outlet pipe 15, and a hot water injection pipe 16 that are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the tank 2. A spiral coil 213 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the second fixed box 21. The outlet end of the hot oil injection pipe 14 penetrates the outer peripheral wall of the tank 2 and the outer peripheral wall of the second fixed box 21 and is connected to the spiral coil 213. The inlet end of the hot oil outlet pipe 15 penetrates the outer peripheral wall of the tank 2 and the outer peripheral wall of the second fixed box 21 and is connected to the spiral coil 213. The outlet end of the hot water injection pipe 16 penetrates the outer peripheral wall of the tank 2 and the outer peripheral wall of the second fixed box 21 and extends to the inner wall of the second fixed box 21.

[0052] Working principle: During operation, trimethyl orthoformate is first added through the feed tank 302 of the feed unit 3, and the first valve body 303 is controlled to temporarily store it in the feed cylinder 301;

[0053] Then, ethanol and solid catalyst are added to the water tank 9 of the mixing mechanism, and the first motor 11 is started to drive the first rotating rod 12 and the stirring block 13 to rotate for thorough mixing to form a uniform catalytic alcohol solution; then the water pump 10 of the liquid extraction mechanism is started to continuously pump the mixture in the water tank 9 into the inner tank 22 of the second fixed box 21.

[0054] At the same time, circulating high-temperature heat transfer oil is introduced into the spiral coil 213 through the hot oil injection pipe 14 of the hot liquid entry mechanism, or hot water is introduced into the cavity of the second fixed box 21 through the hot water injection pipe 16 to heat the mixture in the inner tank 22 and cause the ethanol in it to vaporize rapidly.

[0055] At this time, the blower 8 of the air intake unit is started, the second valve body 5 is opened, and inert carrier gas is continuously introduced into the bottom of the vertical cylinder 211. This carrier gas forces the ethanol vapor generated in the inner tank 22 to be ejected upward in the form of a fine airflow through the third through holes 25 on the multiple vertical pipes 24.

[0056] At this time, the first valve body 303 is opened, so that trimethyl orthoformate flows into the tank 19 of the first fixed box 17 through the feed cylinder 301, and is evenly sprinkled in droplets through the multiple first through holes 20 evenly distributed at the bottom of the tank.

[0057] The falling trimethyl orthoformate droplets and the rapidly rising carrier gas rich in ethanol vapor undergo a full countercurrent contact and reaction in the vertical cylinder 211 space to generate triethyl orthoformate and methanol.

[0058] During the reaction, the carrier gas continuously carries the generated methanol vapor away from the reaction zone, pushing the chemical equilibrium to the positive direction. The mixed vapor and liquid mist generated by the reaction rise to the bucket 212, condense and collect in the upper space of the tank 2, and finally fall to the bottom of the tank 2.

[0059] During the reaction, the second motor 28 of the scraping mechanism can be started periodically to drive the screw 29 to rotate, thereby causing the threaded sleeve 30 and the outer lifting ring 36 fixed thereto to rise and fall along the guide rod 39.

[0060] Through the magnetic coupling of the first magnetic ring 32 and the second magnetic ring 37, the movement of the outer lifting ring 36 synchronously drives the inner lifting ring 31 to make the same movement on multiple risers 24, thereby scraping off the condensate droplets adhering to the outer wall of the riser 211 and the outer wall of the riser 24, and allowing them to flow back.

[0061] Meanwhile, the fan blades 35 installed on the inner lifting ring 31 are passively rotated during the movement, further disturbing the airflow inside the vertical cylinder 211. After the reaction is completed, each power unit is shut off, and the product mixture collected at the bottom of the tank 2 is discharged through the discharge pipe 6 of the discharge unit and the third valve body 7 for subsequent separation.

[0062] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0063] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reactor for preparing triethyl orthoformate by alcoholysis, characterized in that: It includes a base plate (1), a tank body (2) fixed to the upper end of the base plate (1), a feeding unit (3) set at the upper end of the tank body (2), an air intake unit set on the side wall of the tank body (2), a discharge unit set at the lower part of the side wall of the tank body (2), a mixing mechanism set at the upper end of the base plate (1), a second fixed box (21) set at the lower part of the inner wall of the tank body (2), a vertical cylinder (211) fixed to the upper end of the second fixed box (21), and a bucket body (21) fixed to the upper end of the vertical cylinder (211). 2) An inner tank (22) fixed to the inner wall of the second fixed box (21), a second through hole (23) opened through the lower end of the inner tank (22), multiple risers (24) fixed to the upper end of the inner tank (22), multiple third through holes (25) opened through the outer peripheral wall of each riser (24), a hot liquid inlet mechanism set on the second fixed box (21), and a liquid extraction mechanism set on the upper end of the bottom plate (1) for drawing liquid from the mixing mechanism into the second fixed box (21); The tank (2) is equipped with a scraping mechanism for scraping off droplets adhering to the outer wall of the vertical cylinder (211) and the outer peripheral wall of multiple vertical pipes (24); The air outlet of the air inlet unit passes through the tank (2) and extends to the inner wall of the vertical cylinder (211). A cavity is provided in the wall of the second fixed box (21), and the hot liquid inlet mechanism is used to inject hot liquid into the cavity.

2. The reactor for preparing triethyl orthoformate by alcoholysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding unit (3) includes a feeding cylinder (301) that is fixed to the upper end of the tank body (2), a feeding tank (302) that is fixed to the upper end of the feeding cylinder (301), and a first valve body (303) that is disposed on the feeding cylinder (301).

3. The reactor for preparing triethyl orthoformate by alcoholysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake unit includes an air intake pipe (4) that is fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the tank (2), a second valve body (5) installed on the air intake pipe (4), and a blower (8) fixed to the upper end of the bottom plate (1). The air outlet of the blower (8) is connected to the air inlet of the air intake pipe (4) through a pipe. The air outlet of the air intake pipe (4) passes through the outer peripheral wall of the tank (2) and extends to the inner wall of the vertical cylinder (211).

4. The reactor for preparing triethyl orthoformate by alcoholysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge unit includes a drain pipe (6) that is fixed to the lower part of the outer peripheral wall of the tank (2) and a third valve body (7) installed on the drain pipe (6).

5. The reactor for preparing triethyl orthoformate by alcoholysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the vertical cylinder (211) is fixedly connected to the bucket body (212), the lower end of the feed cylinder (301) passes through the upper end of the tank body (2) and is fixedly connected to the first fixed box (17), the upper end of the first fixed box (17) is provided with an inlet hole (18), the first fixed box (17) is provided with a groove (19), and the lower end of the first fixed box (17) is provided with multiple first through holes (20).

6. The reactor for preparing triethyl orthoformate by alcoholysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing mechanism includes a water tank (9) fixed to the upper end of the base plate (1), a first motor (11) fixed to the upper end of the water tank (9), a first rotating rod (12) fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the first motor (11), and multiple stirring blocks (13) fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the first rotating rod (12). The first rotating rod (12) and the stirring blocks (13) are both located inside the water tank (9).

7. The reactor for preparing triethyl orthoformate by alcoholysis according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pumping mechanism is a water pump (10) fixed to the upper end of the base plate (1). The pumping end of the water pump (10) is connected to the outlet end of the water tank (9) through a pipe. The outlet end of the water pump (10) is connected to the innermost wall of the second fixed box (21) through a pipe.

8. The reactor for preparing triethyl orthoformate by alcoholysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraping mechanism includes a lower ring (26) fixed to the lower part of the inner wall of the tank (2), an upper ring (27) fixed to the upper part of the inner wall of the tank (2), a second motor (28) fixed to the upper end of the upper ring (27), a screw (29) fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the second motor (28), a threaded sleeve (30) threaded to the outer peripheral wall of the screw (29), an outer lifting ring (36) sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the vertical cylinder (211), a second magnetic ring (37) fixed to the inner wall of the outer lifting ring (36), an inner lifting ring (31) sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of multiple vertical pipes (24), and a first magnetic ring (32) fixed to the inner wall of the inner lifting ring (31). The outer peripheral wall of the outer lifting ring (36) and the side wall of the threaded sleeve (30) are fixed to each other. The outer peripheral wall of the outer lifting ring (36) is fixed to a guide block (38). The lower ring body (26) and the upper ring body (27) are fixed to a guide rod (39) at their close ends. The outer peripheral wall of the guide rod (39) and the inner wall of the guide block (38) are in contact. The first magnet ring (32) and the second magnet ring (37) are at the same height and attract each other magnetically. The inner wall of the inner lifting ring (31) is fixed to a fixed cylinder (33). The second rotating rod (34) is rotatably installed on the fixed cylinder (33). The outer peripheral wall of the second rotating rod (34) is fixed to multiple fan blades (35).

9. A reactor for preparing triethyl orthoformate by alcoholysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot liquid inlet mechanism includes a hot oil injection pipe (14), a hot oil outlet pipe (15), and a hot water injection pipe (16) that are fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the tank (2). A spiral coil (213) is fixed to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the second fixed box (21). The outlet end of the hot oil injection pipe (14) penetrates the outer peripheral wall of the tank (2) and the outer peripheral wall of the second fixed box (21) and is connected to the spiral coil (213). The inlet end of the hot oil outlet pipe (15) penetrates the outer peripheral wall of the tank (2) and the outer peripheral wall of the second fixed box (21) and is connected to the spiral coil (213). The outlet end of the hot water injection pipe (16) penetrates the outer peripheral wall of the tank (2) and the outer peripheral wall of the second fixed box (21) and extends to the inner wall of the second fixed box (21).

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