Optical module and photocuring 3D printer

Abstract

The utility model provides an optical module and a photocuring 3D printer, and belongs to the technical field of printing equipment. The light-emitting plate is provided with a plurality of light-emitting assemblies, and each light-emitting assembly is configured to be selectively opened or closed; the collimating lens array comprises a plurality of collimating assemblies; and the shading element is arranged between the light emitting plate and the collimating lens array and is provided with a plurality of channels, and a single channel is aligned with a single light emitting assembly and a single collimating assembly. According to the optical module provided by the invention, the shading element is arranged between the light-emitting plate and the collimating lens array, the collimating lens array is supported by means of the shading element, and crosstalk between the light-emitting assemblies is prevented through alignment of the single channel with the single light-emitting assembly and the single collimating assembly, so that the printing quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of printing equipment technology, and more specifically, relates to an optical module and a photopolymer 3D printer. Background Technology

[0002] 3D printers equipped with LED lights and digital micromirror devices (DMDs) activate all LED lights during use and adjust the angle of the mirrors of the DMDs to achieve light intensity tuning in the target area.

[0003] A 3D printer equipped with LED lights and an LCD screen activates all the LED lights during use and adjusts the mask via the LCD screen.

[0004] The aforementioned technologies all turn on all LEDs upon startup, which is not conducive to energy conservation. Furthermore, in actual use, even when the LCD screen is adjusted to prevent light from passing through a predetermined area, limitations such as those imposed by the LCD material mean that some light will still illuminate that area with weaker intensity, potentially causing undesirable curing of the resin in that area.

[0005] Both of the aforementioned printers expose only one pattern at a time to achieve surface exposure. This also poses a challenge to ensuring the uniformity of light intensity across the predetermined area. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide an optical module and a photopolymer 3D printer to solve the technical problem of uneven light intensity of projected light in the existing photopolymer 3D printer.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide an optical module, comprising:

[0008] A light-emitting panel, wherein multiple light-emitting components are mounted on the light-emitting panel, and each light-emitting component is configured to selectively turn on or off;

[0009] Collimating lens array, comprising multiple collimating components;

[0010] A light-shielding element is arranged between the light-emitting plate and the collimating lens array and has multiple channels, wherein a single channel is aligned with a single light-emitting component and a single collimating component.

[0011] Optionally, the cross-section of the channel is any one of a triangle, rectangle, regular hexagon, regular octagon or regular decagon.

[0012] Optionally, the optical module further includes a compound eye lens array, which is disposed on the side of the collimating lens array away from the light-shielding element.

[0013] Optionally, it also includes a heat dissipation device, which is installed on the side of the light-emitting plate away from the collimating lens array.

[0014] Optionally, each light-emitting component includes:

[0015] A single LED; or

[0016] Multiple LEDs, wherein the light emitted by the multiple LEDs is in the same wavelength band.

[0017] Optionally, each light-emitting component includes at least one first LED and at least one second LED, wherein the first LED is used to emit light in a first wavelength band and the second LED is used to emit light in a second wavelength band, the first wavelength band being different from the second wavelength band.

[0018] Optionally, the plurality of light-emitting components may be arranged in an array, staggered, or embedded.

[0019] This application also provides a photopolymerization 3D printer, comprising:

[0020] The printing tray holds the printing material;

[0021] As described above, the light outlet of the optical module is configured to correspond to the material tray in order to cure the printing material.

[0022] Optionally, it also includes an LCD screen disposed between the tray and the optical module.

[0023] Optionally, the light emitted by two adjacent light-emitting components is configured to be collimated and diffused to form two partially overlapping light spots on the LCD screen, wherein the diameter of each light spot or the length along the direction of the arrangement of the two adjacent light-emitting components is D, and the distance between the central axes of the two adjacent light-emitting components is d.

[0024] Where D = 2*d*n, and n is an integer. The beneficial effects of the optical module provided in this application are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the optical module of this application sets a grid between the light-emitting plate and the collimating lens array, supports the collimating lens array with the grid, and prevents crosstalk between the light-emitting components by using multiple channels that correspond one-to-one with multiple light-emitting components, making the light source boundary clearer and making the area of ​​the overlapping region of the light spot passing through the collimating component controllable, which helps to improve the printing quality. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is one of the optical path schematic diagrams of the optical system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 2A-2B This is a schematic diagram of the energy distribution of the light spot formed by the light emitted from the optical component provided in some embodiments of this application after passing through the collimating component;

[0028] Figure 3 The energy distribution curves of light emitted from multiple optical components in the embodiments of this application before and after fusion on the target plane are shown.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of an optical system provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of an optical system provided in some other embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figures 6A-6B This is a light intensity distribution diagram of the light emitted by the optical component provided in this application embodiment before and after passing through the diffuser;

[0032] Figures 7A-7B The light intensity distribution curves of multiple light spots combined are provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figures 8A-8C A schematic diagram of an optical system with a mask provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figures 9A-9D A schematic diagram of an optical system with a mask provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figures 10A-10F This is a schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement of light-emitting components or collimating lenses provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the optical path of an optical system with a light-shielding element provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figures 12A-12E This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light-shielding element provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 14 A photopolymer 3D printing apparatus according to some embodiments is shown;

[0040] Figure 15 A photopolymer 3D printing apparatus according to some embodiments is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0042] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0043] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0044] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0045] Please see Figure 1 The optical system provided in this application includes a light-emitting component 101, a collimating component 102, and a controller. The light-emitting component 101 is configured to emit light. There are multiple light-emitting components 101 and collimating components 102, with each light-emitting component 101 having one collimating component 102. The collimating component 102 is used to collimate the light emitted by the corresponding light-emitting component 101. The controller is electrically connected to each light-emitting component 101 and can individually control the activation or deactivation of each light-emitting component 101, or control the light emission intensity of each light-emitting component 101.

[0046] Light from the light-emitting component 101 passes through the collimating component 102 and illuminates the target plane 104 to form an illumination area. The illumination areas of two adjacent light-emitting components 101 at least partially overlap to form an overlapping area. The light intensity of the overlapping area is 80% to 120% of the light intensity of the non-overlapping area of ​​the illumination area, preferably 85% to 115%, preferably 90% to 110%, preferably 95% to 105%, for example 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, and 105%.

[0047] Each light-emitting component 101 forms a light spot on the target plane 104, which is divided into a central region S201 and an edge region S202. The light intensity of the central region S201 is greater than that of the edge region S202. The light intensity of the central region S201 is basically uniform, while the light intensity of the edge region S202 gradually decreases away from the central region. Taking the formation of a quadrilateral light spot on the target plane 104 by a single light-emitting component 101 as an example, see [reference needed]. Figure 2A The light intensity of the light spot is relatively strong and uniform in the central region S201, and gradually decreases to zero in the edge region S202 along the direction away from the central region. The light intensity distribution is roughly in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid.

[0048] In related designs, the combined light spot formed by multiple light-emitting components 101 is prone to bright or dark spots, resulting in uneven light distribution. (See also...) Figure 2B The light spots formed by two adjacent light-emitting components 101 on the target plane 104 have an overlapping region S210, which is formed, for example, by the overlapping of the edge regions S202 of the two light spots.

[0049] To avoid bright or dark spots, the light intensity of the edge region S202 is enhanced by overlapping, making it essentially the same as the light intensity of the central region S201. In one example, after one light-emitting component 101 emits light, other light-emitting components 101 adjacent to it are controlled to emit light, so that the light intensity of the edge region of the light spot of the light-emitting component 101 on the target plane is increased due to the adjacent light-emitting components 101, thereby making the light intensity of the overlapping region S210 of the light spot essentially the same as the light intensity of the central region S201.

[0050] In one example, a first light-emitting component 101 forms a first illumination area on a target plane 104, and a second light-emitting component 101 adjacent to the first light-emitting component 101 forms a second illumination area on the target plane 104. The first and second illumination areas form an overlapping area on the target plane 104. The light intensity of the overlapping area is the sum of the light intensity of the first light-emitting component illuminating the overlapping area and the light intensity of the second light-emitting component illuminating the overlapping area. The light intensity of the non-overlapping area in the first illumination area is the light intensity of the first light-emitting component illuminating the central area of ​​the first illumination area. The light intensity of the non-overlapping area in the second illumination area is the light intensity of the second light-emitting component illuminating the central area of ​​the second illumination area.

[0051] In one example, the light intensity of the non-overlapping area in the first illumination region is the same as that of the non-overlapping area in the second illumination region. The light intensity of the overlapping area is 80%–120% of the light intensity of the non-overlapping area in the first illumination region and also 80%–120% of the light intensity of the non-overlapping area in the second illumination region. Thus, the first and second illumination regions merge to form a uniform light spot. For example, the light intensity (light power density) of the non-overlapping area in the first illumination region is 30 mW / cm². 2 The luminous intensity in the non-overlapping area of ​​the second lighting region is 30 mW / cm². 2 The luminous intensity of the overlapping area of ​​the first or second illumination area is 28 mW / cm². 2 29mW / cm 2 30mW / cm 2 31mW / cm 2 32mW / cm 2 .

[0052] In one example, the light intensity of the non-overlapping area in the first illumination region is different from that of the non-overlapping area in the second illumination region. The light intensity of the overlapping area is 80%–120% of the light intensity of the non-overlapping area in both the first and second illumination regions. This causes the first and second illumination regions to merge and form a uniform light spot. For example, the light intensity of the non-overlapping area in the first illumination region is 30 mW / cm². 2 The luminous intensity in the non-overlapping area of ​​the second illumination region is 35 mW / cm². 2 The luminous intensity of the overlapping area of ​​the first or second illumination area is 30 mW / cm². 2 31mW / cm 2 32mW / cm 2 33mW / cm 2 35mW / cm 2 .

[0053] The light emitted by the light-emitting component 101 is ultraviolet or visible light of a specific wavelength and energy, which can act on the printing material to achieve a curing effect. In one embodiment, each light-emitting component 101 has only one LED. In another embodiment, the light-emitting component 101 includes two, three, or more LEDs. When the light-emitting component 101 includes multiple LEDs, the light emitted by the multiple LEDs in the same light-emitting component 101 can be of the same or different wavelengths. The structures of the multiple light-emitting components 101 can be the same or different. For example, some of the multiple light-emitting components 101 include only one LED, while some of the multiple light-emitting components 101 include multiple LEDs. Alternatively, each light-emitting component 101 includes multiple LEDs.

[0054] In this article, "LED" includes various types of LEDs, such as Mini LEDs and Micro LEDs. The chip size of the LEDs in this article is, for example, 20μm to 500μm, 40μm to 400μm, or 50μm to 200μm.

[0055] In some embodiments, the target plane 104 is an LCD screen.

[0056] In some embodiments, the target plane 104 is a film containing a tray of printing material.

[0057] In some embodiments, the target plane 104 is a mask.

[0058] In some embodiments, the target plane 104 is the plane between the light-emitting component and the LCD screen.

[0059] In some embodiments, the target plane 104 is the liquid surface of the printing material contained in the tray. For example, the light emitted by the light-emitting component 101 directly or indirectly radiates the liquid surface (upper surface) of the printing material.

[0060] Based on the pattern of the slice layer to be cured of the object, the controller controls at least one of all light-emitting components 101 to emit light. All light-emitting components of the optical system are controlled independently; for example, the controller can control 10, 20, or 50 light-emitting components 101 to emit light simultaneously, rather than having to turn all light-emitting components on or off at the same time.

[0061] In some embodiments, the mounting spacing between two adjacent light-emitting components is designed such that the light intensity of the overlapping region of the light spots of the two adjacent light-emitting components on the target plane is 80% to 120% of the light intensity of the non-overlapping region. For example, the light intensity of the overlapping region is 90%, 100%, or 110% of the light intensity of the non-overlapping region in the first region.

[0062] The optical system provided in this application features multiple light-emitting components 101 independently controlled by a controller. During printing, the controller controls one or more corresponding light-emitting components 101 to emit light, saving energy compared to existing systems where all light-emitting components are either fully on or fully off. Furthermore, in 3D printers with LCD screens, the LCD screen, acting as a mask, may allow unwanted light to pass through (e.g., when the grayscale is set to 0). Although the intensity of the transmitted light is reduced, this is still disadvantageous. In the optical system of this application, some light-emitting components 101 emit light during operation, while the remaining light-emitting components 101 do not emit light, effectively preventing unwanted light from passing through the mask or LCD screen and improving contrast.

[0063] The mounting plate has 100 to 15,000 light-emitting components 101. For example, 1,000 light-emitting components 101 are mounted on the mounting plate. The overlap area of ​​two adjacent light-emitting components 101 on the target plane 104 is related to the mounting dimensions of the two light-emitting components 101.

[0064] For a given model of photopolymer 3D printing equipment, the area available for exposure is limited by the equipment size, thus limiting the area of ​​the mounting plate (on which multiple light-emitting components are mounted). Those skilled in the art will understand that a larger number of light-emitting components 101, such as 2000, or a smaller number, such as 180, can be mounted on the same mounting plate area. Different numbers of light-emitting components 101 are suitable for different mounting dimensions (e.g., mounting spacing) and structural designs. Furthermore, different numbers of light-emitting components 101 are suitable for different types (e.g., different sizes) of LEDs.

[0065] In some embodiments, a plurality of (e.g., 200) light-emitting components 101 are mounted on the mounting plate, and the arrangement of these light-emitting components 101 allows the light spots of two adjacent light-emitting components 101 to have overlapping areas on the target plane 104, for example, overlapping only in the edge area of ​​the light spots.

[0066] In some embodiments, a plurality (e.g., 1000) of light-emitting components 101 are mounted on the mounting plate, and these light-emitting components 101 are compact. Due to this compact arrangement and the propagation distance of the light emitted by the light-emitting components, the optical distance between adjacent light-emitting components 101 is unavoidable. In other words, the light spots of two adjacent light-emitting components 101 on the target plane 104 have overlapping areas, for example, a portion of the central region and the edge region of the light spot overlap, which makes the light intensity of at least a portion of the overlapping region always undesirably greater than the light intensity of the non-overlapping region. To at least avoid this drawback, this application ensures that the area / length of the overlapping region between two adjacent light spots occupies half the area / length of a single light spot (e.g., refer to...). Figure 4 This will be discussed in detail later.

[0067] In some embodiments, the light emitted by each light-emitting component, after passing through the collimating component, forms a light spot with an intensity that is approximately arranged in an isosceles trapezoidal shape. (See reference...) Figure 3 The light intensity of the light spot formed by the fusion of the light emitted by the three light-emitting components on the target plane is higher in the overlapping region than in the non-overlapping region. In some embodiments, the light intensity in the overlapping region may also be lower than that in the non-overlapping region.

[0068] See Figure 4 The optical system includes a light-emitting component 401, a collimating component 402, and a compound eye array (or diffuser) 403. The compound eye array 403 is disposed on the side of the collimating component 402 away from the light-emitting component 401, and is used to diffuse the light passing through the collimating component 402. The light passing through the compound eye array 403 forms multiple light spots on the target plane 404, with adjacent light spots having overlapping areas.

[0069] See Figure 6A The left-side image of the light spot, for example, shows a hexagonal light spot formed by light emitted from a single light-emitting component 401 before entering the compound eye array 403 after passing through the collimating component 402. The light intensity is stronger in the central region of the light spot and weaker in the edge region. (See also...) Figure 6A The right-side light spot image, for example, shows light emitted by a single light-emitting component 401 passing through the collimating component 402 and the compound eye array 403 in sequence, spreading outwards, maintaining the original light intensity, with the area of ​​the central region shrinking, the area of ​​the edge region expanding, and the total area of ​​the light spot expanding.

[0070] Taking the formation of a regular hexagonal light spot on the target plane by the light from each light-emitting component 401 as an example, see [reference]. Figure 6B In the left-side illumination area, the light spot of multiple light-emitting components 401 before entering the compound eye array 403 is composed of multiple regular hexagons. At this time, there is a significant difference in light intensity between the overlapping area (the edge area of ​​the regular hexagon) and the non-overlapping area (the center area of ​​the regular hexagon), resulting in bright spots during printing. (See also...) Figure 6B In the right-side illumination area, the light intensity of most areas (central area) of the combined light spot formed on the target plane 404 by the light emitted by multiple light-emitting components 401 after being adjusted by the compound eye array 403 is basically the same.

[0071] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 6ATherefore, when multiple light-emitting components 401 emit light, the light emitted by each light-emitting component 401, after being adjusted by the collimating component 402 and the compound eye array 403, will diffuse more into the illumination area of ​​adjacent light-emitting components 401. Simultaneously, the light emitted by adjacent light-emitting components 401 will also diffuse more into the illumination area of ​​that light-emitting component 401. This increases the size of the overlapping area, achieving a uniform distribution of light energy through the superposition of light from multiple adjacent light-emitting components 401. The central axis distance between two adjacent light-emitting components 401 is d. The light emitted by each light-emitting component 401 passes through the corresponding collimating component 402 and is diffused by the compound eye array 403, forming a light spot with a diameter of D on the target plane 404. Where D > d.

[0072] In some embodiments, the central axis of the light-emitting component 401 refers to the geometric center of the LED.

[0073] exist Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, three light-emitting components 401 are arranged along a predetermined direction such that the light emitted from the middle light-emitting component 401 approaches or reaches the central axis of the two side light-emitting components 401 after passing through the collimating component 402 and the compound eye array 403. Similarly, the light emitted from each of the two side light-emitting components 401 approaches or reaches the central axis of the middle light-emitting component 401 after passing through the collimating component 402 and the compound eye array 403. Those skilled in the art will understand that, along the predetermined direction of the arrangement of the light-emitting components 401, the length of the overlapping region between the light spot formed by the middle light-emitting component 401 and the light spot formed by the adjacent single light-emitting component 401 is equal to the length of the non-overlapping region. In other words, along the predetermined direction of the arrangement of the light-emitting components 401, the length of the overlapping region between the light spot formed by the middle light-emitting component 401 and the light spot formed by the adjacent single light-emitting component 401 is equal to half the length of the light spot. Figure 4 As shown, D = 2d, and the light intensity of the overlapping area of ​​the light spots is determined by the two light-emitting components 401.

[0074] exist Figure 5In the illustrated embodiment, eight light-emitting components 411 are arranged along a predetermined direction such that the light emitted by the third light-emitting component 411 approaches or reaches the central axis of the first and fifth light-emitting components 411 after passing through the collimating component 412 and the compound eye array 413. Similarly, the light emitted by the fourth light-emitting component 411 approaches or reaches the central axis of the second and sixth light-emitting components 411 after passing through the collimating component 412 and the compound eye array 413. Similarly, the light emitted by the fifth light-emitting component 411 eventually approaches or reaches the central axis of the third and seventh light-emitting components 411. The light emitted by the sixth light-emitting component 411 eventually approaches or reaches the central axis of the fourth and eighth light-emitting components 411. Those skilled in the art will understand that, along the predetermined direction of the arrangement of the light-emitting components, the length of the overlap area between the light spot formed by the middle light-emitting component and the light spots formed by adjacent individual light-emitting components is equal to one-quarter of the length of the light spot. Figure 5 As shown, D = 4d, and the light intensity of the overlapping area of ​​the light spots is determined by the four light-emitting components.

[0075] Similarly, D = 2 * d * n. Where D is the length / diameter of the light spot formed after collimation and diffusion of light emitted by a single light-emitting component; d is the distance between the central axes of two adjacent light-emitting components; and n is an integer, such as 1, 2, 3, 4.

[0076] exist Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, a first light-emitting component and a second light-emitting component adjacent to the first light-emitting component along a predetermined direction are arranged. The illumination areas of the first light-emitting component and the second light-emitting component partially overlap and have an overlapping area.

[0077] exist Figure 4 In the aforementioned predetermined direction, the length of the overlapping area is half the length of the illumination area of ​​the first or second light-emitting component. Due to the presence of a diffuser, when only the first and second light-emitting components are activated, the total light intensity of the overlapping area is 80% to 120% of the light intensity of the non-overlapping area of ​​the illumination area of ​​the first or second light-emitting component.

[0078] exist Figure 5 In the aforementioned predetermined direction, the length of the overlapping area is three-quarters of the length of the illumination area of ​​the first or second light-emitting component. Due to the presence of a diffuser, the light spot size increases, and the uniformity of light intensity of a single light spot decreases. When only the first and second light-emitting components are activated, the total light intensity of the overlapping area is, for example, 180% to 300% of the light intensity of the non-overlapping area of ​​the illumination area of ​​the first or second light-emitting component. When eight adjacent light-emitting components are activated along the predetermined direction, the light intensity of the overlapping area simultaneously affected by four light-emitting components is substantially uniform.

[0079] For example, the luminous intensity of the non-overlapping region of the illumination area of ​​the first light-emitting component is 30 mW / cm². 2 The luminous intensity of the overlapping region of the illumination area of ​​the first light-emitting component (i.e., the overlapping region of the illumination area of ​​the second light-emitting component) is 60 mW / cm². 2 The luminous intensity of the non-overlapping region of the illumination area of ​​the second light-emitting component is 30 mW / cm². 2 .

[0080] It is understood that if three or more adjacent light-emitting components are activated simultaneously along a predetermined direction, the entire illumination area of ​​one or more of these components will partially overlap with the illumination areas of the other components. For example, the illumination area of ​​one component may simultaneously overlap with the illumination areas of two adjacent components (see...). Figure 4 ), or the illumination area of ​​one light-emitting component overlaps with three adjacent illumination areas simultaneously (see Figure 5 ).

[0081] See Figure 7A The light emitted by the light-emitting component 401, after passing through the collimating component 402 and the compound eye array 403, exhibits a parabolic intensity distribution in the resulting light spot (i.e., high intensity in the center and low intensity at the edges). The light emitted by the three light-emitting components 401 sequentially passes through the collimating component 402 and the compound eye array 403 before merging on the target plane 404, resulting in a roughly isosceles trapezoidal light spot. In other words, the light intensity is uniform across most of the area illuminated by the light-emitting components. (See also...) Figure 7B The light emitted by a single light-emitting component 401 has a larger spot size after passing through the collimating component 402 and the compound eye array 403, and the light emitted by the three light-emitting components 401 merges on the target plane 404 after sequentially passing through the collimating component 402 and the compound eye array 403. Figure 7A different, Figure 7B The area illuminated by the light-emitting components is affected by a maximum of three light-emitting components, while Figure 7A The area illuminated by the light-emitting components is affected by a maximum of two light-emitting components.

[0082] Combination Figure 4-5 and Figures 7A-7B Adjusting the distance between the compound eye array 403 and the target plane 404 can control the size and intensity of the light spot formed on the target plane 404.

[0083] For some implementations where installation dimensions are limited. Figure 4-5 The proposed solution is advantageous because it makes full use of the coverage of overlapping areas to achieve uniform light intensity, rather than avoiding overlapping areas.

[0084] In one embodiment of this application, only one of the back and front faces of each cell in the compound eye array 403 is convex. In another embodiment of this application, both the back and front faces of each cell in the compound eye array 403 are convex.

[0085] In one embodiment of this application, the cells of the compound eye array 403 are arranged in a honeycomb pattern. Alternatively, the cells of the compound eye array 403 can also be arranged in a matrix or a spiral pattern, as long as the size of each cell in the compound eye array 403 is smaller than the size of each cell in the collimation component 402.

[0086] In another embodiment of this application, the collimation angle of the collimation component 402 (the angle between the collimated light emitted by the light-emitting component and the central axis of the light-emitting component) is -10° to 10°, preferably -5° to 5°, and more preferably -2° to 2°. For example, 1°, 2°, 3°, 4°, 5°, 6°, 7°, 8°, 9°, and 10°.

[0087] Referring to Figure 8, the optical system is equipped with a first mask 805, which permanently reduces the light intensity of a portion of the light emitted by the light-emitting component 801. Figure 8A The optical system includes a light-emitting component 801, a collimating component 802, a first mask 805, and a controller. The light-emitting component 801 is configured to emit light. There are multiple light-emitting components 801 and collimating components 802, with each light-emitting component 801 having one collimating component 802. The collimating component 802 is used to collimate the light emitted by the corresponding light-emitting component 801. The first mask 805 is located between the collimating component 802 and the target plane 804. The controller is electrically connected to each light-emitting component 801 and can control each light-emitting component 801 individually.

[0088] See Figure 8B The optical system includes a light-emitting component 801, a collimating component 802, a first mask 805, a compound eye array 803, and a controller. The light-emitting component 801 is configured to emit light. There are multiple light-emitting components 801 and collimating components 802, with each light-emitting component 801 having one collimating component 802. The collimating component 802 is used to collimate the light emitted by the corresponding light-emitting component 801. The first mask 805 is located between the collimating component 802 and the compound eye array 803. The compound eye array 803 is disposed on the side of the collimating component 802 away from the light-emitting component 801, and is used to diffuse the light passing through the collimating component 802. The light passing through the compound eye array 803 forms an illumination area on the target plane 804. The controller is electrically connected to each light-emitting component 801 and can control each light-emitting component 801 individually.

[0089] See Figure 8CIn some embodiments, the first mask 805 includes a frosted region 822 and a transparent region 821. The transparent region 821 is configured to correspond to the non-overlapping region of the light-emitting component 801, and the frosted region 822 is configured to correspond to the overlapping region to reduce the light intensity of the overlapping region.

[0090] The first mask 805 is configured to permanently reduce the light intensity emitted by the multiple light-emitting components 801. The frosted area 822 reduces the light intensity while the light passes through, and the transparent area 821 allows the light to pass through smoothly. Specifically, the energy distribution curve of the light emitted by the light-emitting component 801 after passing through the collimating component 802 is an isosceles trapezoid, and the frosted area 822 of the first mask 805 modulates the waist region of the isosceles trapezoid.

[0091] Referring to Figure 9, the optical system includes a second mask 906 configured to selectively reduce the light emitted by a plurality of light-emitting components 901. In one embodiment, referring to... Figure 9A The optical system includes a light-emitting component 901, a collimating component 902, a second mask 906, and a controller. The light-emitting component 901 is configured to emit light. There are multiple light-emitting components 901 and collimating components 902, with each light-emitting component 901 having one collimating component 902. The collimating component 902 is used to collimate the light emitted by the corresponding light-emitting component 901. The light passing through the collimating component 902 illuminates the second mask 906. The second mask 906 is a mask structure positioned in front of a target plane 904; after passing through the second mask 906, the light forms an illumination area on the target plane 904. The controller is electrically connected to each light-emitting component 901 and can control each light-emitting component 901 individually. Alternatively, the second mask 906 can be the target plane 904, with the light directly forming an illumination area on the second mask 906 after passing through the collimating component.

[0092] See Figure 9B The optical system includes a light-emitting component 901, a collimating component 902, a compound eye array 903, a second mask 906, and a controller. The light-emitting component 901 is configured to emit light. There are multiple light-emitting components 901 and collimating components 902, with each light-emitting component 901 having one collimating component 902. The collimating component 902 is used to collimate the light emitted by the corresponding light-emitting component 901. The compound eye array 903 is located on the side of the collimating component 902 away from the light-emitting component 901, and is used to diffuse the light passing through the collimating component 902. The second mask 906 is a mask structure in front of the target plane 904. Light passing through the compound eye array 903 illuminates the second mask 906, thus forming an illumination area on the target plane 904. The controller is electrically connected to each light-emitting component 901 and can control each light-emitting component 901 individually. Alternatively, the second mask 906 can be the target plane 904.

[0093] See Figure 9C The optical system includes a light-emitting component 901, a collimating component 902, a first mask 905, a second mask 906, and a controller. The light-emitting component 901 is configured to emit light. There are multiple light-emitting components 901 and collimating components 902, with each light-emitting component 901 having one collimating component 902. The collimating component 902 is used to collimate the light emitted by the corresponding light-emitting component 901. The second mask 906 is a target plane 904. Light rays passing through the collimating component 902 first pass through the first mask 905, where their intensity is permanently reduced before illuminating the second mask 906. The controller is electrically connected to each light-emitting component 901 and can control each light-emitting component 901 individually.

[0094] See Figure 9D The optical system includes a light-emitting component 901, a collimating component 902, a first mask 905, a compound eye array 903, a second mask 906, and a controller. The light-emitting component 901 is configured to emit light. There are multiple light-emitting components 901 and collimating components 902, with each light-emitting component 901 having one collimating component 902. The collimating component 902 is used to collimate the light emitted by the corresponding light-emitting component 901. The compound eye array 903 is disposed on the side of the collimating component 902 away from the light-emitting component 901, and is used to diffuse the light passing through the collimating component 902. The first mask 905 is disposed between the collimating component 902 and the compound eye array 903. The second mask 906 is disposed on the side of the compound eye array 903 away from the collimating component 902. Optionally, the second mask 906 is a mask structure in front of the target plane 904. Light passing through the compound eye array 903 illuminates the second mask 906, and then, after passing through the second mask 906, illuminates the target plane 904 to form an illumination area. The controller is electrically connected to each light-emitting component 901 and can control each light-emitting component 901 individually. Alternatively, the second mask 906 can also be used directly as the target plane, allowing light passing through the compound eye array 903 to directly form a printed image on the second mask 906.

[0095] The second mask 906 allows light to pass through only specific areas, selectively reducing the intensity of local light to form specific patterns and cure the printing material.

[0096] The following figure 10 illustrates the arrangement of the light-emitting components and the splicing of the collimating lenses in the collimating assembly of this application.

[0097] The arrangement of multiple light-emitting components 1001 can be matrix, honeycomb, spiral, or random. The shape of each collimating lens in the collimating component can be square, circular, hexagonal, or other geometric shapes. The array pattern of each lens in the compound eye array is the same as the array pattern of each collimating lens in the collimating component. (See also...) Figure 10AMultiple light-emitting components 1001 are arranged in a square array, and the collimating lens 1011 is rectangular. The light-emitting center of the light-emitting component 1001 coincides with the center of the collimating lens 1011.

[0098] See Figure 10B Multiple light-emitting components 1001 are arranged in a square array, and the collimating lens 1021 is circular. Multiple circular collimating lenses 1021 are arranged in a square array, and the light-emitting center of the light-emitting component 1001 is located at the center of the circular collimating lens 1021.

[0099] Reference Figure 10C and Figure 10D Multiple light-emitting components 1001 are arranged in a staggered, multi-row, multi-column configuration. (See reference...) Figure 10C The collimating lens includes a square lens 1041 and an octagonal lens 1031, with the square lens 1041 located within the gap formed after the octagonal lenses 1031 are joined together. (See also...) Figure 10D The collimating lens is a circular lens, with larger circular lenses 1051 arranged in a square array, and smaller circular lenses 1061 embedded in the gaps between the circular lenses 1051. (See also...) Figure 10E Multiple hexagonal collimating lenses (1071) are joined together. (See reference...) Figure 10F Multiple circular collimating lenses 1081 are randomly arranged, and the light-emitting center of the light-emitting component 1001 is coaxially set with the center of the collimating lens 1081.

[0100] See Figure 11 The optical system includes a light-emitting component 1101, a light-shielding element 1107, a collimating component 1102, and a compound eye array 1103. The light-shielding element 1107 (e.g., a grid) is arranged between the light-emitting component 1101 and the collimating component 1102. The light-shielding element 1107 includes multiple channels, which are arranged one-to-one with the multiple light-emitting components 1101, such that each channel allows only the light emitted by the corresponding light-emitting component 1101 to pass through. The light passing through the channels sequentially passes through the collimating component 1102 and the compound eye array 1103, illuminating the target plane 1104 to form an illumination area. The light intensity of the overlapping area among the multiple light-emitting components 1101 is 80% to 120% of the light intensity of the non-overlapping area.

[0101] The central axis of the channel is coaxial with the central axis of the light-emitting component 1101. Each light-emitting component 1101 uses a light-shielding element 1107 to ensure the desired light projection shape. For example, the light-shielding element 1107 is provided with multiple regular hexagonal channels, and the light emitted by the light-emitting component 1101 forms a regular hexagonal projection area after passing through the channels. In addition, the channels can also be geometric shapes such as triangles, rectangles, regular octagons, and regular decagons.

[0102] The optical system provided in this application embodiment can reduce the interference between light from a single light-emitting component 1101 and light from adjacent light-emitting components 1101 by providing a light-shielding element 1107 between the light-emitting component 1101 and the collimation interval.

[0103] Each light-emitting component 1101 includes at least one LED. The optical system also includes a defect detection device for detecting whether the LED is damaged. The controller controls each light-emitting component 1101 based on the detection information from the defect detection device. In one embodiment, if the defect detection device detects that an LED is damaged, the controller controls the exposure area on the LCD screen to move, replacing the damaged light-emitting component 1101 by illuminating an undamaged light-emitting component 1101. In another embodiment, if the defect detection device detects that an LED is damaged, the controller controls multiple light-emitting components 1101 to move, so that the light-emitting components 1101 corresponding to the exposure area on the LCD screen are all undamaged light-emitting components 1101. In yet another embodiment, if the defect detection device detects that an LED is damaged, the controller controls the light-emitting components 1101 adjacent to the damaged LED to increase their light intensity.

[0104] In another embodiment of this application, the light-emitting component includes multiple LEDs, and the multiple LEDs in the same light-emitting component emit light of the same wavelength. By setting two, three or more LEDs in each light-emitting component, it is ensured that the light-emitting component can still be used normally when one LED fails, avoiding the situation where the light intensity of the display area corresponding to the light-emitting component is essentially zero after the failure of a single LED.

[0105] In another embodiment of this application, the light-emitting component includes a first LED and a second LED. The first LED is used to emit light in a first wavelength band, and the second LED is used to emit light in a second wavelength band. The first wavelength band and the second wavelength band are different.

[0106] Taking ultraviolet light emitted by a light-emitting component as an example, ultraviolet light includes long-wave ultraviolet (UVA), medium-wave ultraviolet (UVB), and short-wave ultraviolet (UVC). UVA has a wavelength range of 315nm to 400nm, UVB has a wavelength range of 280nm to 315nm, and UVC has a wavelength range of 100nm to 280nm. The first LED and the second LED emit ultraviolet light of different wavelengths. For example, the light emitted by the first LED has a center wavelength of 385nm, which belongs to long-wave ultraviolet light; the light emitted by the second LED has a center wavelength of 205nm, which belongs to short-wave ultraviolet light. Combining the two achieves light mixing, improving printing results.

[0107] The optical system provided in this application includes a first LED and a second LED as light-emitting components. The first LED and the second LED emit light in different wavelengths, which can adapt to the printing needs of multiple wavelengths, resulting in more efficient and accurate printing.

[0108] Referring to Figure 12, an optical module provided in this application is described. This optical module is used to realize the functions of the aforementioned optical system. Referring to Figure 12, it includes a mounting plate 1201, a collimating lens array 1203, a grid or light-shielding element 1202, and a controller. The light-shielding element 1202 is located between the mounting plate 1201 and the collimating lens array 1203. The mounting plate 1201 includes multiple light-emitting components, each capable of emitting light. The light-shielding element 1202 has multiple channels, each channel corresponding to one of the multiple light-emitting components. Multiple collimating components 1102 in the collimating lens array 1203 are arranged corresponding to one of the multiple light-emitting components. The controller is electrically connected to the multiple light-emitting components and can individually control the switching of each light-emitting component.

[0109] The light emitted by the light-emitting component is collimated by the collimating lens array 1203 after passing through the channel. The central axis of the light-emitting component is coaxial with the central axis of the channel. Part of the light emitted by the light-emitting component is projected onto the collimating lens array 1203 through the channel, while the rest of the light is blocked, making the boundary of the light source projected onto the collimating lens array 1203 more distinct. Moreover, by setting the light-blocking element 1202, the area of ​​the light spot projected onto the collimating lens array 1203 can be adjusted, making the area of ​​the overlapping region between two adjacent light spots controllable, which helps to control the light intensity of the overlapping region. Optionally, the cross-section of the channel is rectangular, and the light-emitting center of the light-emitting component is located at the center of the rectangle, so that a rectangular light-emitting surface can be obtained with the help of the channel. Alternatively, see [reference needed]. Figure 13 The light-shielding element 1302 is provided with multiple channels 1301, the cross-section of which is a regular hexagon. The light-emitting center of the light-emitting component is located at the center of the regular hexagon, and a regular hexagonal light-emitting surface can be obtained by means of the channel 1301. In addition, the cross-section of the channel can also be triangular, regular octagonal, etc. The embodiments of this application do not specifically limit this.

[0110] The optical module provided in this embodiment has a light-shielding element 1202 between the mounting plate 1201 and the collimating lens array 1203. The light-shielding element 1202 supports the collimating lens array 1203, and multiple channels corresponding to multiple light-emitting components prevent crosstalk between the light-emitting components, making the light source boundary more distinct and the area of ​​the overlapping region of the light spot passing through the collimating component controllable, which helps to improve the exposure quality.

[0111] See Figure 12A , 12BThe compound eye lens array 1204, consisting of 12C and 12D lenses, is positioned on the side of the collimating lens array 1203 away from the light-shielding element 1202. A heat sink 1205 is positioned on the side of the light-emitting component away from the collimating lens array 1203 to cool the light-emitting component. Specifically, the heat sink 1205 includes a plate and heat dissipation fins on one side of the plate. The side of the plate away from the heat dissipation fins is attached to the mounting plate 1201. Heat dissipation gaps are formed between adjacent heat dissipation fins. By setting the heat dissipation fins, the contact area between the heat sink 1205 and the air is increased, improving heat dissipation efficiency. Optionally, the plate and heat dissipation fins are an integral structure made of a material with good thermal conductivity to accelerate heat dissipation and prevent heat accumulation from affecting the lifespan of the optical components.

[0112] See Figure 12E An adapter plate 1206 is mounted beside the mounting plate 1201. The adapter plate 1206 is electrically connected to the mounting plate 1201 to supply power to each light-emitting component. The adapter plate 1206 has circuitry. (See reference...) Figure 12A , 12B In conjunction with 12C, the adapter plate 1206 is parallel to the stacking direction of the mounting plate 1201, the light-shielding element 1202, the collimating lens array 1203, and the compound eye lens array 1204, and is disposed beside the mounting plate 1201. The adapter plate 1206 is connected to an external power supply to power each light-emitting component. The controller is electrically connected to the adapter plate 1206 and controls each light-emitting component through the circuit settings on the adapter plate 1206.

[0113] Figure 14 A photopolymer 3D printing apparatus according to some embodiments is shown. The photopolymer 3D printing apparatus (or additive manufacturing system) includes a drive assembly 1410 and a forming platform 1420. Solid layers are cured layer by layer on the forming platform 1420 to form a printed object. The drive assembly 1410 is capable of driving the forming platform 1420 in a vertical direction based on instructions from a controller (not shown). The photopolymer 3D printing apparatus also includes a carrier 1430, which is in the form of, for example, a trough, box, container, or plate, capable of holding or carrying photosensitive materials of varying viscosities. When the carrier 1430 is, for example, a container, it includes a resilient and at least partially transparent membrane 1432. As the forming platform 1420 moves close to the membrane and stops at a predetermined position, light is provided to cure the photosensitive material to form a current cured layer, which simultaneously adheres to both the forming platform 1420 and the membrane 1432. To continue forming the next cured layer, the forming platform 1420 and the currently cured layer adhered to it move away from the membrane 1432 to release the adhesion between the current cured layer and the membrane. After the forming platform 1420 (and the current cured layer) is peeled off from the film 1432, the forming platform 1420 moves closer to the film to prepare for the formation of the next cured layer. The photopolymer 3D printing apparatus also includes an optical system for providing uniform optical radiation in a predetermined area of ​​the film. Figure 14 The illustrated optical system includes an LCD screen 1440 and an optical module 1450. The optical module 1450 is, for example, the optical module described above, capable of independently controlling the on / off state of each light-emitting component and adjusting the light intensity of each component (e.g., by adjusting the drive current or PWM). The LCD screen 1440 is configured to selectively allow light to pass through. Alternatively, some photopolymer 3D printing equipment includes a DMD assembly in its optical system.

[0114] Figure 15 A photopolymer 3D printing apparatus according to some other embodiments is shown. The photopolymer 3D printing apparatus (or additive manufacturing system) includes a drive assembly 1510 and a forming platform 1520. Solid layers are cured layer by layer on the forming platform 1520 to form a printed object. The drive assembly 1510 is capable of driving the forming platform 1520 to move vertically based on instructions from a controller (not shown). The photopolymer 3D printing apparatus also includes a carrier 1530, which is in the form of, for example, a tank, box, or container, capable of holding or carrying photosensitive materials of different viscosities. The carrier 1530 contains liquid material, and the forming platform 1520 is immersed in the liquid material. When the forming platform 1520 moves close to the liquid surface 1532 of the liquid material and stops at a predetermined position, light is applied to cure the photosensitive material to form the current cured layer, which adheres to the forming platform 1520. To continue forming the next cured layer, the forming platform 1520 moves away from the liquid surface 1532. Afterward, allow the liquid surface to level naturally or use a scraper (not shown) to smooth the liquid surface 1532, thereby ensuring a flat surface for the next cured layer. The photopolymer 3D printing equipment also includes an optical system for providing uniform optical radiation in a predetermined area of ​​the film. Figure 15 The illustrated optical system includes an LCD screen 1540 and an optical module 1550. The optical module 1550 is, for example, the optical module described above, capable of independently controlling the on / off state of each light-emitting component and adjusting the light intensity of each component (e.g., by adjusting the drive current or PWM). The LCD screen 1540 is configured to selectively allow light to pass through. Alternatively, some photopolymer 3D printing equipment includes a DMD assembly in its optical system.

[0115] This application also provides a photopolymerization 3D printing apparatus, including a material tray and an optical system, wherein the optical system is the optical system described in any of the embodiments above. The material tray is used to hold the printing material. The light emitted by the optical system cures the printing material.

[0116] The printing material is a photosensitive resin. The photopolymer 3D printing equipment includes the optical system, material tray, and forming platform as described above. The optical system may include the optical module as described above. The forming platform is connected to a lifting mechanism, which allows the forming platform to move closer to or further away from the material tray.

[0117] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An optical module, characterized in that: include: A light-emitting panel, wherein multiple light-emitting components are mounted on the light-emitting panel, and each light-emitting component is configured to selectively turn on or off; Collimating lens array, comprising multiple collimating components; A light-shielding element is arranged between the light-emitting plate and the collimating lens array and has multiple channels, wherein a single channel is aligned with a single light-emitting component and a single collimating component.

2. The optical module as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the channel is any one of a triangle, rectangle, regular hexagon, regular octagon, or regular decagon.

3. The optical module as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The optical module also includes a compound eye lens array, which is disposed on the side of the collimating lens array away from the light-shielding element.

4. The optical module as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a heat dissipation device, which is installed on the side of the light-emitting plate away from the collimating lens array.

5. The optical module as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each light-emitting component includes: A single LED; or Multiple LEDs, wherein the light emitted by the multiple LEDs is in the same wavelength band.

6. The optical module as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each light-emitting component includes at least one first LED and at least one second LED, the first LED being used to emit light in a first wavelength band and the second LED being used to emit light in a second wavelength band, the first wavelength band being different from the second wavelength band.

7. The optical module as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple light-emitting components are arranged in an array, staggered, or embedded arrangement.

8. A photopolymerization 3D printer, characterized in that: include: The printing tray holds the printing material. ； The optical module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the light outlet of the optical module is correspondingly disposed with the material tray to cure the printing material.

9. The photopolymerization 3D printer according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes an LCD screen, which is arranged between the tray and the optical module.

10. The photopolymerization 3D printer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The light emitted by two adjacent light-emitting components is configured to form two partially overlapping light spots on the LCD screen after being collimated and diffused, wherein the diameter of each light spot or the length along the direction of the arrangement of the two adjacent light-emitting components is D, and the distance between the central axes of the two adjacent light-emitting components is d; Where D = 2 * d * n, and n is an integer.

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