Bridge anti-collision guardrail construction anti-falling system

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-falling system for bridge anti-collision guardrail construction. The anti-falling system is composed of a protective support, a safety female rope and a safety belt. The protective support comprises an inclined supporting rod and a supporting stand column, a closed buckle is arranged at the end of the inclined supporting rod, and the bottom of the inclined supporting rod can be welded to the steel formwork or sleeved on the opposite-pull screw rod so as to enhance stability and facilitate installation and disassembly. The safety female rope is composed of a rope and a fixing part, the fixing part comprises a limiting nut matched with a steel formwork split bolt, a vertical hanging ring and a transverse hanging ring welded to the bottom of an embedded bar steel bar, an adjustable hook is installed at one end of the rope, and multi-point stable limiting and tension adjusting are achieved through the fixing part. During construction, a safety belt worn by a constructor is hung and buckled on the safety female rope through the safety rope and can move freely within a limited range. The system has the advantages of being stable in supporting, flexible in installation, capable of guaranteeing safety of constructors, improving operation efficiency, remarkably improving construction efficiency and the like, can effectively reduce safety risks of high-altitude edge operation, reduces construction cost, and is convenient to apply and popularize.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of safety facilities in bridge construction, specifically a bridge anti-fall system for construction of anti-collision guardrails. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge crash barriers, a common structure in bridge engineering, play a crucial role in ensuring bridge traffic safety. Among various structural forms, reinforced concrete barriers are the most widely used due to their excellent stability and durability. Crash barriers are typically installed at the edges of the bridge deck. However, the complex and varied terrain of bridges results in inconsistent heights of the crash barriers, with some special sections reaching heights of up to 100 meters.

[0003] Standardized steel formwork is commonly used for bridge crash barriers. This type of formwork offers advantages such as high strength, precise dimensions, and reusability, effectively ensuring the appearance quality and dimensional accuracy of the crash barriers. The construction of crash barriers involves a series of key procedures. First, the reinforcement installation requires strict adherence to design requirements for processing, binding, and welding of the reinforcement bars to ensure the stability and accuracy of the reinforcement framework. Next, the formwork installation ensures tight joints and secure installation, providing a reliable mold cavity for subsequent concrete pouring. Then, the concrete pouring operation takes place, during which vibratory equipment is used to thoroughly compact the concrete to ensure its density and prevent quality defects such as honeycombing and pitting. Finally, the poured concrete requires careful curing to ensure normal strength development. However, the entire construction process involves numerous safety risks, with the risks of working near heights and falls from heights being particularly prominent.

[0004] Based on current common construction techniques and the "Special Construction Plan for Bridge Crash Barriers," the common safety measure adopted by construction workers when constructing crash barriers is to attach safety belts to the steel formwork of the crash barrier as close as possible. Furthermore, to ensure safety, the effective length of the safety belt is usually limited to no more than 2 meters. However, this method has significant drawbacks. Due to the limited length of the safety belt, the range of movement of construction workers is severely restricted, making it difficult to flexibly carry out various construction tasks. For example, when tying rebar, construction workers find it difficult to freely reach positions requiring precise operation, and have to repeatedly adjust the position of the safety belt, consuming a significant amount of time and energy. This not only leads to extremely low efficiency in working near heights and edges, but also exposes construction workers to considerable safety risks during frequent safety belt adjustments. Improper operation could result in falls from heights. These inconveniences and safety hazards exacerbate the problems of low work efficiency and significant safety risks for construction workers.

[0005] The solutions described in patent numbers 202221463924.1 and 202021102211.3 involve erecting guardrails above the formwork. This approach requires a significant amount of time and manpower to assemble and install the guardrail components, which also affects the convenience of construction and necessitates frequent disassembly and assembly, making it time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings and defects of the existing technology, the inventors have developed an improved design, providing a safe, easy-to-construct, and conveniently installable and disassembled guardrail construction fall prevention system. Specifically, this invention is implemented as follows:

[0007] A fall prevention system for bridge crash barrier construction includes a protective bracket and a safety main cable. The protective bracket includes an upwardly and outwardly extending inclined support rod and a supporting column located below the inclined support rod. The end of the inclined support rod is equipped with a closed buckle. The bottom ends of the inclined support rod and the supporting column are fixedly installed on the steel formwork. There are at least two protective brackets, which are installed at both ends of the construction area to install and guide the rope of the safety main cable, so that the rope passes through the closed buckle and is arranged laterally along the outside of the steel formwork. The safety main cable includes a rope and several fixing components. The fixing components are used for fixed installation with the inside of the steel formwork and for fixed installation with the pre-embedded railing reinforcement. The two ends and the middle of the rope are connected and fixed to the fixing components. At least one end of the rope is equipped with an adjustable hook. The rope is kept taut by adjusting the length of the adjustable hook. The diameter of the fixing component is smaller than the thickness of the adjustable hook. A safety belt is worn by the construction worker and connected by a safety rope. One end of the safety rope is connected and fixed to the safety belt, and the other end is hooked to the safety main cable between the protective brackets.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixing component includes a limiting nut and a tie bolt to the bottom of the steel template. The rope end of the safety cable is a hook that can be hooked onto the tie bolt and locked by screwing the inner and outer limiting nuts onto the tie bolt.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixing component also includes a vertical hanging ring, the lower ring of which is fitted onto the tie bolt, and is tightened on both the inner and outer sides by two limiting nuts. The vertical hanging ring extends upward, and the rope passes through the vertical hanging ring. The diameter of the hole in the vertical hanging ring is smaller than the width of the hook. There are several vertical hanging rings, which are installed on the inner ends of multiple tie bolts.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixing component also includes transverse hanging rings, which are pre-welded in a series of intermittent transverse hanging rings to the bottom of the pre-embedded reinforcing bars. The transverse hanging rings extend laterally inward for the rope to pass through.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjustable hook includes: a sleeve, the inner walls of both ends of the sleeve having internal threads, and a front screw and a rear screw at both ends of the sleeve adapted to the internal threads. The front screw is connected to the tail of the hook, and the rear screw is connected to the rope. The tail end of the rear screw has a protruding section, the thickness of which is greater than the diameter of the hole of the fixing component. By turning the front screw or the rear screw, the distance between the rope and the hook head can be adjusted within the length range of the sleeve to achieve the effect of tightening the rope.

[0012] Furthermore, a steering guide wheel is installed laterally in the middle of the steel formwork and the pre-embedded reinforcing bars on the side close to the protective support, and the rope passes through the steering guide wheel.

[0013] Furthermore, the inclined support rod and the supporting column are designed as a single unit, with the bottom of each rod fitted and tightened onto the two ends of the tie rod on the upper part of the steel template.

[0014] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: This utility model utilizes a protective support frame as its basic support structure. The protective support frame consists of diagonal braces and supporting columns. The upward-sloping design of the diagonal braces not only forms a triangular structure with the supporting columns to enhance stability but also extends the top support end outward. This ensures that after the safety cable is pulled between the two protective support frames, its position is slightly outside the space directly above the steel formwork, thus not obstructing the normal construction operations of workers above the steel formwork. Closed-end buckles are installed to guide the direction of the safety cable, ensuring it is arranged laterally along the outer side of the steel formwork, providing guidance for the installation and positioning of the safety cable. The bottom of the protective support can be directly welded to the steel formwork to form a fixed structure that is integrated with the steel formwork, eliminating the hassle of additional installation. It can also be directly installed in the corresponding position when the next section of the bridge railing needs to be poured after the steel formwork is removed, which is convenient and easy. Alternatively, the protective support can be fitted and tightened to both ends of the tie rods on the upper part of the steel formwork to achieve a firm connection with the steel formwork. This method allows for flexible disassembly and installation from the steel formwork, and facilitates transportation and storage after disassembly.

[0015] The safety main cable, as the core protective component, consists of a rope and multiple fixing parts. A tie bolt on one side of the template, in conjunction with a limiting nut, locks the hook at the end of the rope, thus securing the rope end. A fixing component on the other side of the template is fixed to the ends of multiple tie bolts at the bottom of the steel template. The rope passes through these fixing components sequentially, achieving multi-point stabilization and limiting until it reaches the protective support, where it is obliquely guided to the top of the support. Several fixing components on the other side are directly welded to the bottom of the pre-embedded reinforcing bars. For example, horizontal hanging rings are pre-welded to the bottom of the pre-embedded reinforcing bars. The rope passes through these intermittently arranged horizontal hanging rings, achieving limiting. The hook at the other end of the rope, after being pulled to its maximum position, is directly hooked onto the bottom of the corresponding pre-embedded reinforcing bar. An adjustable hook allows for adjusting and tightening the rope tension. By turning the front or rear screw, the distance between the rope and the hook head can be changed within the sleeve length range, thereby adjusting the rope tension to ensure it remains taut. This satisfies the need to tighten the safety cable before each construction phase and to loosen and disassemble it after construction. Preferably, because the protective support extends outwards, the rope's turn from the inside to the outside may come into contact with the formwork or reinforcing bars, easily causing wear. To avoid wear, a turning guide wheel is installed laterally at the turning point, such as in the middle of the steel formwork and embedded reinforcing bars near the protective support. The rope passes through the turning guide wheel. This design changes the rope's direction, reduces friction during deployment and use, ensures the rope's service life, and optimizes the layout of the safety main cable, making it better suited to the construction environment.

[0016] During construction, the safety belts worn by workers are connected to a safety main cable via safety ropes. One end of the safety rope is fixed to the safety belt, and the other end is hooked onto the safety main cable between the protective supports. This provides reliable fall protection for workers operating at heights near edges, while allowing them relative freedom of movement within the cable's defined area. This solves the problem of limited workspace caused by restricted safety belt length in traditional construction, ensuring worker safety while improving the efficiency of high-altitude edge work. Furthermore, after completing the pouring of guardrails in one section, installation can easily continue to the next section. The entire process involves minimal disassembly and installation, with simple and reliable procedures, making it convenient and easy to operate.

[0017] The beneficial technical effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0018] (1) Stable support and flexible installation: The protective bracket adopts a triangular structure composed of diagonal braces and supporting columns, which enhances the overall stability. Its bottom can be installed in various ways. It can be directly welded to the steel formwork to form an integrated fixed structure, which is convenient for quick installation in the next construction position after the steel formwork is removed; or it can be connected by fitting and tightening the two ends of the tie rods on the upper part of the steel formwork, which is convenient for flexible disassembly, transportation and storage, greatly improving the installation convenience and reuse rate of the protective bracket.

[0019] (2) Ensuring the safety of construction workers and improving work efficiency: Construction workers attach their safety belts to the safety main rope through safety ropes. The safety main rope provides reliable fall protection, and construction workers can move relatively freely within a limited range. The part of the safety main rope located between the two protective supports is in a taut and straight state, which makes it easy for the safety belt to move freely with the position of the construction workers. This not only ensures the safety of construction workers, but also improves the efficiency of high-altitude edge operations and reduces the waste of work time and safety risks caused by restricted movement.

[0020] (3) Significantly improve construction efficiency: After completing the construction of a section of guardrail, the system can be easily installed and used in the next section without excessive disassembly and complicated installation procedures. The installation and disassembly are simple and reliable, easy to operate, greatly improving the continuity and efficiency of construction and reducing construction costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural view of a bridge anti-collision guardrail construction fall prevention system according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of a bridge crash barrier construction fall prevention system;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a magnified 3D schematic diagram of the adjustable hook structure.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a magnified three-dimensional schematic diagram of the vertical hanging ring section;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a magnified three-dimensional schematic diagram of the steering guide wheel section;

[0026] Figure 6 An enlarged three-dimensional schematic diagram of the tie bolt mounting and fixing components;

[0027] Figure 7 This is an enlarged three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the tie bolt mounting hook;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the usage status of a bridge crash barrier construction anti-fall system according to this utility model.

[0029] Among them: 11—diagonal support rod, 12—support column, 13—closed buckle, 20—steel formwork, 31—rope, 32—fixed component, 33—embedded railing reinforcement, 34—adjustable hook, 41—safety rope, 321—pull bolt, 322—limit nut, 323—hook, 324—vertical hanging ring, 325—lower ring body, 326—horizontal hanging ring, 341—sleeve, 342—front screw, 343—rear screw, 344—protruding section, 50—steering guide wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0031] Example 1: A fall prevention system for bridge crash barrier construction. In actual use: After installing steel formwork 20 on both sides of the construction area, the protective support is installed. The diagonal support rods 11 of the protective support extend upwards and outwards, forming a stable structure with the supporting columns 12 below. The bottom ends of the diagonal support rods 11 and the supporting columns 12 are firmly fixed to the steel formwork 20. The fixing method can be welding or by fitting and tightening the two ends of the tie rods on the upper part of the steel formwork 20. After the protective support is installed, the safety main cable is arranged. The rope 31 of the safety main cable passes through the closed buckle 13 at the end of the diagonal support rod 11. The closed buckle 13 guides the rope 31 to be arranged laterally along the upper outer direction of the steel formwork 20. Next, at the bottom of the steel formwork 20, hook 323 at the end of rope 31 is hooked onto tie bolt 321 to secure the end. Using fixing component 32, rope 31 is threaded and positioned onto the fixing component 32 on the tie rod of the steel formwork 20. On the side where the embedded rebar is located, hook 323 at the other end of rope 31 is pulled tight, ensuring the rope 31 remains taut and stable. Then, rope 31 is passed through transverse hanging ring 326 for positioning, and hook 323 is fixed at the corresponding embedded rebar location, securing the other end of rope 31. Through these fixing components 32, both ends and the middle of rope 31 are securely and tautly maintained. After the safety cable is secured, the tension of rope 31 needs to be adjusted. The adjustable hook 32334 installed at at least one end of rope 31 comes into play. By turning the front screw 342 or rear screw 343 on the adjustable hook 32334, the distance between rope 31 and the hook 323 head is changed, thus keeping rope 31 taut. Ensure the tension of rope 31 is appropriate to provide reliable protection for construction workers. Workers wear safety harnesses, connect and secure one end of safety rope 41 to the safety harness, and hook the other end to the safety main cable between the protective supports. During construction processes such as rebar installation, formwork installation, and concrete pouring, workers move within the area defined by the safety main cable. For example, during rebar tying, workers can move relatively freely to positions requiring precise operation, without having to repeatedly adjust their position due to the limited length of the safety harness as in traditional methods. This greatly improves construction efficiency and also provides protection; the taut safety main cable also acts as a guardrail and provides psychological reassurance.

[0032] Construction details: At the bottom of the steel formwork 20, there are tie bolts 321 for fixing the formwork. This fixing component 32 plays a crucial role. The end of the safety main cable 31 is designed as a hook 323. The construction workers precisely hook this hook 323 onto the tie bolt 321 at the bottom of the steel formwork 20. Then, using the inner and outer limit nuts 322, it is screwed into the tie bolt. In this way, the hook 323 is firmly locked, ensuring that the end of the rope 31 will not shift during the entire construction process, laying the foundation for the stability of the safety main cable. For example, at regular intervals at the bottom of a standard length of steel formwork 20, there are tie bolts 321. The construction workers sequentially hook the end of the rope 31 onto the hook 323 and tighten the nuts to ensure the stability of the starting end of the safety main cable. The vertical hanging ring 324 is also an important fixing component 32. The lower ring 325 of the vertical hanging ring 324 needs to be fitted onto the tie bolts 321 at the bottom of the steel template 20. To ensure its stability, two limit nuts 322 are tightened on both the inner and outer sides of the hanging ring. After the vertical hanging ring 324 is installed, it extends upwards, at which point the rope 31 of the safety main cable passes through the vertical hanging ring 324. It is worth noting that the diameter of the hole in the vertical hanging ring 324 is intentionally designed to be smaller than the width of the hook 323. This design can effectively prevent the hook 323 from accidentally coming off. Furthermore, to further enhance the stability of the safety main cable, the vertical hanging ring 324 is not installed singly, but rather several vertical hanging rings 324 are installed on the inner ends of multiple tie bolts 321. In this way, the rope 31 is fixed at multiple points in the middle position through multiple vertical hanging rings 324, greatly improving the stability of the safety main cable.

[0033] The transverse hanging rings 326, serving as fixing components 32, are pre-welded intermittently to the bottom of the embedded reinforcing bars 33 during the early stages of construction. These transverse hanging rings 326 extend laterally inward, primarily serving to allow the safety main cable 31 to pass through. When installing the safety main cable, workers sequentially pass the rope 31 through these transverse hanging rings 326, thus connecting and fixing the safety main cable to the embedded reinforcing bars 33. For example, after the embedded reinforcing bars 33 are installed, transverse hanging rings 326 are present at intervals, and workers guide the rope 31 through them in sequence, ensuring effective fixation of the safety main cable near the embedded reinforcing bars 33.

[0034] The adjustable hook 32334 consists of a sleeve 341, a front screw 342, and a rear screw 343. The sleeve 341 has internal threads on its inner walls at both ends. The front screw 342 connects to the tail of the hook 323, and the rear screw 343 connects to the rope 31. Notably, the tail of the rear screw 343 has a protruding section 344, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the hole in the fixing component 32. This design prevents the hook 323 from detaching from the fixing component 32. During installation, the adjustable hook 32334 is installed at one end of the rope 31 of the safety sling. When it is necessary to adjust the tension of the rope 31, the operator can change the distance between the rope 31 and the head of the hook 323 within the length range of the sleeve 341 by turning the front screw 342 or the rear screw 343. For example, if rope 31 is found to be slack before construction, the construction workers can tighten the screw to tighten rope 31, thus ensuring that the safety cable maintains appropriate tension during construction and providing reliable protection for the construction workers.

[0035] Preferably, a lateral guide wheel 50 needs to be installed in the middle of the steel formwork 20 and the embedded reinforcing bars 33 near the protective support. After installation, the safety main rope 31 is threaded through the guide wheel 50. Since the protective support extends outwards, the rope 31 may come into contact with the formwork or reinforcing bars during its outward turning process, which can easily cause wear on the rope 31. The function of the guide wheel 50 is to change the direction of the rope 31 and reduce friction during its arrangement and use. For example, when the rope 31 extends from the inside of the steel formwork 20 towards the protective support, the guide wheel 50 helps the rope 31 smoothly bypass obstacles, which is beneficial to the service life of the rope 31.

[0036] The bridge crash barrier construction fall protection system boasts excellent portability and convenience. After completing the pouring of a section of the barrier, the system eliminates the need for large-scale component dismantling and complex reinstallation. For example, the connection between the protective support and the steel formwork 20, whether welded or tightened using tie rods, allows for easy transfer from the completed section to the next section for reinstallation. The fixing components 32 of the safety cable, such as tie bolts 321, vertical hanging rings 324, and horizontal hanging rings 326, do not require disassembly. Simply remove the hooks 323 and disconnect the ropes 31 from the vertical and horizontal hanging rings 324 and 326. The ropes 31 can then be directly transferred to the next section for reinstallation using tie rods and corresponding hanging rings, without the need for special tools or complex techniques. The entire system's installation and dismantling process is rationally designed, allowing construction personnel to easily operate it, significantly saving construction time and labor costs, improving construction efficiency, and ensuring the continuity and high efficiency of construction.

[0037] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A bridge crash barrier construction fall prevention system, comprising a protective bracket and a safety cable, characterized in that: The protective support includes an inclined support rod (11) extending upward and outward at an angle and a support column (12) located below the inclined support rod. The end of the inclined support rod (11) is equipped with a closed buckle (13). The bottom ends of the inclined support rod (11) and the support column (12) are fixedly installed on the steel formwork (20). The protective support consists of at least two parts, which are installed at both ends of the construction area respectively. The rope (31) is used to install and guide the safety main rope, so that the rope (31) passes through the closed buckle (13) and is arranged laterally along the outside of the steel formwork (20). The safety cable includes a rope (31) and several fixing components (32). The fixing components (32) are used for fixed installation with the inside of the steel template (20) and for fixed installation with the pre-embedded reinforcing bars (33). The two ends and the middle of the rope (31) are connected and fixed to the fixing components (32). At least one end of the rope (31) is equipped with an adjustable hook (323) (34). The rope (31) is kept taut by adjusting the length of the adjustable hook (323) (34). The hole diameter of the fixing component (32) is smaller than the thickness of the adjustable hook (323) (34). The safety belt is worn by the construction worker and connected by a safety rope (41). One end of the safety rope (41) is connected and fixed to the safety belt, and the other end is hooked onto the safety main rope between the protective supports.

2. The bridge crash barrier construction fall prevention system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing component (32) includes a limiting nut (322) and a tie bolt (321) at the bottom of the steel template (20). Both ends of the safety cable (31) are hooks (323). The hooks (323) can be hung on the tie bolt (321) and locked by screwing the inner and outer limiting nuts (322) into the tie rod.

3. The bridge crash barrier construction fall prevention system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing component (32) also includes a vertical hanging ring (324). The lower ring body (325) of the vertical hanging ring (324) is sleeved on the tie bolt (321). The inner and outer sides are tightened by two limiting nuts (322). The vertical hanging ring (324) extends upward. The rope (31) passes through the vertical hanging ring (324). The diameter of the hole of the vertical hanging ring (324) is smaller than the width of the hook (323). There are several vertical hanging rings (324), which are installed on the inner ends of multiple tie bolts (321).

4. The bridge crash barrier construction fall prevention system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing component (32) also includes a transverse hanging ring (326), which is a number of intermittent transverse hanging rings (326) pre-welded to the bottom of the pre-embedded railing steel (33). The transverse hanging rings (326) extend laterally inward for the rope (31) to pass through.

5. The bridge crash barrier construction fall prevention system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable hook (323) (34) includes: a sleeve (341), the inner walls of both ends of the sleeve (341) have internal threads, and at both ends of the sleeve (341) there are a front screw (342) and a rear screw (343) adapted to the internal threads. The front screw (342) is connected to the tail of the hook, and the rear screw (343) is connected to the rope (31). The tail end of the rear screw (343) has a protruding section (344), the thickness of which is greater than the diameter of the hole of the fixing component (32). By turning the front screw (342) or the rear screw (343), the distance between the rope (31) and the head of the hook (323) can be adjusted within the length range of the sleeve (341) to achieve the effect of tightening the rope (31).

6. The bridge crash barrier construction fall prevention system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A steering guide wheel (50) is installed laterally in the middle of the steel formwork (20) and the pre-embedded railing reinforcement (33) near the side of the protective support, and a rope (31) is looped around the steering guide wheel (50).

7. The bridge crash barrier construction fall prevention system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inclined support rod (11) and the support column (12) are designed as a whole, and the bottom of each is fitted and tightened to the two ends of the tie rod on the upper part of the steel template (20).

Images