Detachable and replaceable prefabricated beam column

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of detachable and replaceable prefabricated beam columns, and discloses a detachable and replaceable prefabricated beam column which comprises a stand column arranged at the upper end of a foundation, openings are formed in the four corners of the stand column, first connecting pieces are arranged at the openings, each first connecting piece comprises a first connector, an anchor bolt and a first steel bar, and the first connectors are arranged at the openings; the anchor bolts are arranged in the foundation, the ends, penetrating into the connectors, of the anchor bolts are in threaded connection with first nuts, the first steel bars are arranged in the stand columns and located above the first connectors, the ends, penetrating into the first connectors, of the first steel bars are in threaded connection with second nuts, and concrete is poured into the stand columns. The first connector is arranged in the stand column, then the first steel bar is arranged in the stand column and connected with the first connector, finally concrete is poured into the stand column to form the prefabricated stand column, and detachable replacement can be achieved through detachable connection between the first connector at the lower end of the stand column and an anchor bolt in a foundation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of detachable and replaceable precast beams and columns, specifically to a detachable and replaceable precast beam and column. Background Technology

[0002] Prefabricated reinforced concrete buildings are the core form of industrialized construction, possessing significant advantages such as rapid construction speed, short construction period, improved quality, energy conservation and emission reduction, and cleaner production. However, industrialized construction and the seismic resistance of engineering structures face higher requirements and challenges, necessitating the rapid repair of damaged major load-bearing components while maintaining a comparable load-bearing capacity.

[0003] Traditional methods of connecting prefabricated columns to the foundation, such as insertion connection, tenon connection and grout anchor connection, have problems such as complex process structure, inconvenient construction, high difficulty, high cost, difficult quality control, indirect load transfer, and inability to replace damaged columns. To address these issues, we propose a detachable and replaceable prefabricated beam-column system. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a detachable and replaceable precast beam-column to solve the problem that traditional precast column connection methods cannot be replaced after damage.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a detachable and replaceable precast beam-column, comprising a column set on the upper end of the foundation, with openings at the four corners of the end of the column near the foundation, and a first connector at each opening, the first connector comprising a first connector, an anchor bolt, and a first reinforcing bar, the first connector being located at the opening and capable of sealing the opening, the anchor bolt being located in the foundation, one end of the anchor bolt penetrating into the connector being threadedly connected to a first nut, the first reinforcing bar being located in the column and positioned above the first connector, one end of the first reinforcing bar penetrating into the first connector being threadedly connected to a second nut, and concrete being poured inside the column.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: By placing the first connector inside the column, then placing the first reinforcing bar inside the column and connecting it to the first connector, and finally pouring concrete into the column to form a precast column, and by detachably connecting the first connector at the lower end of the column to the anchor bolts in the foundation, detachable replacement can be achieved. When components are aged, damaged, or have changed functional requirements, they can be easily disassembled and replaced without large-scale demolition and reconstruction, reducing the cost and difficulty of later maintenance and modification. First connectors are provided at the openings at the four corners of the column, connecting the column to the foundation from multiple points. The anchor bolts penetrate deep into the foundation, and by connecting to the first connector... The nuts provide reliable anchoring force, firmly fixing the column to the foundation. The first reinforcing bar passes through the first connector and is fixed by the second nut, further enhancing the integrity and stability of the connection. It can effectively resist external forces and ensure structural safety. The first connector can seal the opening. This construction method is conducive to construction operations. During installation, it can ensure that each component is accurately positioned. At the same time, it can also protect the internal connecting components to a certain extent, reduce the erosion of the connection parts by external factors, and extend the service life of the structure. Construction personnel can use tools such as torque wrenches to ensure that the tightness of the nuts meets the design requirements, ensuring the reliability and consistency of the connection.

[0007] Preferably, as an improvement, the column is provided with a shear key, one end of which extends through the column, and the foundation is provided with an installation groove at the end near the column, and the end of the shear key extending through the column can be embedded into the installation groove.

[0008] The beneficial effects are as follows: after the shear key is embedded in the installation groove, the column and the foundation are tightly connected, which enhances the cooperative working ability between the two, enabling the structure to resist external forces as a whole when under stress, effectively improving the integrity and durability of the building structure.

[0009] Preferably, as an improvement, the shear key is set to an "I" shape.

[0010] The beneficial effects are: the shear key of the "I"-shaped section can effectively resist bending moment with its upper and lower flanges. When subjected to large loads, it can convert bending moment into tensile and compressive stresses in the flanges, thereby preventing structural failure due to bending moment.

[0011] Preferably, as an improvement, the column is provided with a steel mesh, and the steel mesh is connected to the outer wall of the first connector.

[0012] The beneficial effects are as follows: The steel mesh forms a three-dimensional stress system within the column, effectively dispersing various stresses such as tension, compression, and shear. When the column is subjected to external forces, the steel mesh, with its excellent tensile strength, can prevent concrete cracking, enhance the column's resistance to deformation and toughness, reduce the risk of structural failure due to localized stress concentration, and improve the load-bearing capacity and durability of the column and even the entire building structure. The steel mesh is connected to the outer wall of the first connector, effectively transferring the internal forces of the column to the first connector. In this way, the first connector not only relies on its own connection with the anchor bolts and the first steel bar for stress, but also gains additional support and force transmission path with the help of the steel mesh, making the connection between the column and the foundation more solid and reliable. Under extreme loads such as earthquakes and strong winds, the possibility of loosening and failure of the connection is significantly reduced.

[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, it also includes a crossbeam, and the outer walls of the columns are provided with ribs. The crossbeam is located at the end of the ribs away from the foundation, and the four corners of the end of the crossbeam near the column are provided with openings. Each opening is provided with a second connector. The second connector includes a transverse anchor bolt, a second connector, a sleeve, and a second reinforcing bar. The second connector is located at the opening of the crossbeam. The transverse anchor bolt is located inside the column and is parallel to the crossbeam. The outer wall of the end of the transverse anchor bolt near the crossbeam is threaded. The sleeve is located inside the second connector and can pass through the second connector and the column to be threadedly connected to the transverse anchor bolt. The second reinforcing bar is located inside the crossbeam, and the end of the second reinforcing bar that passes through the second connector is threadedly connected to a second nut.

[0014] The beneficial effects are as follows: the beam and column are detachably connected via the second connector. The rib plate supports the beam and increases the contact area and connection stiffness between the column and beam, effectively dispersing stress. To facilitate easier connection between the beam and column, the transverse anchor bolt does not penetrate the column, ensuring the distance between the two columns equals the beam length. The beam is then placed on the upper part of the rib plate, aligning the transverse anchor bolt with the second connector. The sleeve is then threaded through the second connector and column to the transverse anchor bolt, simplifying the beam installation process and creating a strong horizontal anchoring force to resist horizontal loads on the structure. The second reinforcing bar and second nut enhance the connection strength between the beam and the second connector, ensuring a solid overall structure with the column, significantly improving the structure's load-bearing capacity and deformation resistance.

[0015] Preferably, as an improvement, the transverse anchor bolts away from the foundation are bent so that they form a 90° angle.

[0016] The beneficial effects are as follows: the bent transverse anchor bolts form a 90° angle, which increases the interlocking area with the column concrete, effectively restricts the displacement of the anchor bolts within the column, and significantly improves the friction and mechanical interlocking force between the anchor bolts and the column concrete. When the connection between the beam and the column is under load, the bent anchor bolts can provide stronger anchoring force, prevent relative misalignment between the beam and the column, and ensure the stability of the connection.

[0017] Preferably, as an improvement, a blocking plate is provided between the second connector and the column.

[0018] The beneficial effects are as follows: the blocking plate can effectively prevent rainwater, dust, debris and other external objects from entering the connection between the second connector and the column, avoid the corrosion of metal parts such as horizontal anchor bolts, sleeves and second steel bars due to water intrusion, prevent the accumulation of dust and debris from affecting the normal working performance of the connection parts, thereby extending the service life of the connection structure and ensuring the long-term reliability of the connection between the beam and the column.

[0019] Preferably, as an improvement, a gasket is provided between the rib and the crossbeam, and the gasket is made of steel sheet.

[0020] The beneficial effects are: the steel sheet is hard and strong, which can evenly distribute the pressure transmitted from the beam to the rib plate, avoid deformation or damage to the rib plate or beam due to local stress concentration, effectively enhance the stability of the connection between the beam and the rib plate, and improve the overall load-bearing capacity of the structure. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the column and foundation according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first connector in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the column according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the column and beam in an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0026] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: column 1, foundation 2, first connector 3, anchor bolt 4, first reinforcing bar 5, first nut 6, second nut 7, shear key 8, mounting groove 9, reinforcing mesh 10, rib plate 11, transverse anchor bolt 12, second connector 13, sleeve 14, second reinforcing bar 15, blocking plate 16, gasket 17, and crossbeam 18.

[0027] Example

[0028] The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figure 1-4 As shown, Figure 1 The illustrated removable and replaceable precast beam-column includes a column 1 located at the upper end of the foundation 2. The column 1 is a rectangular tube with openings at each of the four corners of its lower end. The cross-section of each opening is rectangular. Each opening is equipped with a first connector, which includes a first connector 3, an anchor bolt 4, and a first reinforcing bar 5. The first connector 3 is fixedly installed at the opening by welding and can seal the opening, thus forming a sealed space inside the column 1. Figure 2 The first connector 3 shown has through holes at both its front and rear ends. Anchor bolts 4 and the first reinforcing bar 5 can both pass through these through holes and extend into the first connector 3. Anchor bolts 4 are pre-embedded in the foundation 2. The upper end of the anchor bolt 4 extends through the through hole into the first connector 3, and a first nut 6 is threaded onto the outer wall of the upper end of the anchor bolt 4. The first reinforcing bar 5 is located inside the column 1, directly above the first connector 3. The lower end of the first reinforcing bar 5 extends through the through hole into the first connector 3, and a second nut 7 is threaded onto the outer wall of the first reinforcing bar 5. Figure 1 A shear key 8 is fixedly installed on the lower wall of the column 1 shown, and the lower end of the shear key 8 extends through the column 1, as shown. Figure 3 The cross-section of the shear key 8 shown is set as "I" shaped. An installation groove 9 is opened in the middle of the upper end of the foundation 2, and one end of the shear key 8 that passes through the column 1 can be embedded in the installation groove 9. A steel mesh 10 is laid inside the column 1, and the lower end of the steel mesh 10 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first connector 3 by welding. Concrete is poured inside the column 1.

[0029] It also includes crossbeam 18, such as Figure 4The column 1 shown has ribs 11 fixedly installed on its outer wall by welding. A crossbeam 18 is located on the upper end of the ribs 11, and each of the four corners of the left end of the crossbeam 18 has an opening. Each opening has a second connector, which includes a transverse anchor bolt 12, a second connector 13, a sleeve 14, and a second reinforcing bar 15. The second connector 13 is fixedly installed at the opening of the crossbeam 18 by welding, and it seals the opening on the outer wall of the crossbeam 18, creating a sealed space inside the crossbeam 18. The transverse anchor bolt 12 is installed transversely inside the column 1, and the upper transverse anchor bolt 12 is bent to form a 90° angle. The outer wall of the right end of the transverse anchor bolt 12 has threads, and the transverse anchor bolt 12 is fixed by pouring concrete into the column 1. The second connector 12... 3. Through holes are provided at both ends of the second connector 13, and the sleeve 14 and the second reinforcing bar 15 can pass through the through holes. The sleeve 14 is slidably installed in the through hole at the right end of the second connector 13, and the sleeve 14 can pass through the through hole at the right end of the second connector 13 and be threaded to the right end of the transverse anchor bolt 12. The second reinforcing bar 15 is transversely arranged in the crossbeam 18, and the left end of the second reinforcing bar 15 passes through the through hole into the second connector 13. The outer wall of the left end of the second reinforcing bar 15 is threaded with a second nut 7. A blocking plate 16 is fixedly installed between the second connector 13 and the column 1. A gasket 17 is fixedly installed between the rib plate 11 and the crossbeam 18. The gasket 17 is made of steel sheet. A reinforcing mesh 10 is provided in the crossbeam 18, and the left and right ends of the reinforcing mesh 10 are fixedly installed between the opposite ends of the second connector 13 by welding.

[0030] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0031] S1. Foundation 2 Construction Preparation:

[0032] Anchor bolts 4 are pre-embedded at the corresponding positions in the foundation 2. The position, depth and verticality of the anchor bolts 4 are precisely controlled to ensure that they can accurately match the first connector 3 on the subsequent column 1. An installation groove 9 matching the shape and size of the shear key 8 is chiseled in the middle of the upper end of the foundation 2 to ensure that the shear key 8 can be smoothly embedded.

[0033] S2. Prefabrication of column 1 component:

[0034] A rectangular tube is selected as the column 1. Ribs 11 are welded to the outer wall of the column 1. The position and angle of the ribs 11 are determined to ensure that the ribs 11 are installed firmly. Shear keys 8 are welded and fixed to the lower wall of the column 1, ensuring that the position of the shear keys 8 is accurate and that their lower ends can smoothly pass through the column 1 and fit with the installation groove 9 on the foundation 2. A steel mesh 10 and four first steel bars 5 are laid inside the column 1. Four transverse anchor bolts 12 are laid at the position where the column 1 connects to the crossbeam 18. Rectangular openings are made at the four corners of the lower end of the column 1. The lower ends of the first steel bars 5 are extended into the first connector 3. Then, the lower ends of the steel mesh 10 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first connector 3 by welding. Finally, the first connector 3 is welded to the opening, ensuring that the first connector 3 can seal the opening, so that a sealed space is formed inside the column 1. The first steel bars 5 are fixed by the second nut 7. Then, concrete is poured into the column 1 to form a stable overall structure with the steel mesh 10, the first steel bars 5 and the rectangular tube.

[0035] S3. Prefabrication of 18 crossbeam components:

[0036] Openings are made at all four corners of both ends of the crossbeam 18, and the steel mesh 10 and the second steel bar 15 are laid inside the crossbeam 18. The second connector 13 is placed at each opening, and the two ends of the second steel bar 15 are passed through the second connector 13. Then, the two ends of the steel mesh 10 are welded to the second connector 13 to enhance the structural strength of the crossbeam 18. The second connector 13 is then welded to the opening of the crossbeam 18 to form a sealed space inside the crossbeam 18. Finally, the two ends of the second steel bar 15 are fixed inside the second connector 13 by the second nut 7.

[0037] S4. Installation of column 1:

[0038] The prefabricated column 1 is hoisted to the top of the foundation 2, and the shear key 8 at the lower end of the column 1 is aligned with the mounting groove 9 on the foundation 2. The column 1 is slowly lowered so that the shear key 8 is embedded in the mounting groove 9, completing the initial positioning. The upper end of the anchor bolt 4 is extended into the first connector 3, and the first nut 6 is tightened on the upper end of the anchor bolt 4. The column 1 is firmly connected to the foundation 2 through the cooperation of the anchor bolt 4 and the first nut 6.

[0039] S5. Crossbeam 18 installation:

[0040] The prefabricated crossbeam 18 is placed on the upper end of the rib plate 11. A steel sheet shim 17 is installed between the rib plate 11 and the crossbeam 18 to distribute force evenly and adjust the height. Each sleeve 14 is passed through the through hole of the second connector 13 and threaded to the transverse anchor bolt 12 in the column 1 to ensure a tight connection and achieve a stable connection between the crossbeam 18 and the column 1.

[0041] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solution of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A detachable and replaceable precast beam-column, characterized in that: The structure includes a column installed on the upper part of the foundation. Each of the four corners of the column near the foundation has an opening. Each opening has a first connector, which includes a first connector, an anchor bolt, and a first reinforcing bar. The first connector is located at the opening and can seal the opening. The anchor bolt is located in the foundation. One end of the anchor bolt, which passes through the connector, is threaded with a first nut. The first reinforcing bar is located in the column and is located above the first connector. One end of the first reinforcing bar, which passes through the first connector, is threaded with a second nut. Concrete is poured into the column.

2. The removable and replaceable precast beam and column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column is equipped with a shear key, one end of which extends through the column. The foundation has an installation groove at the end near the column, and the end of the shear key extending through the column can be embedded into the installation groove.

3. The removable and replaceable precast beam and column according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shear key is set to an "I" shape.

4. A detachable and replaceable precast beam and column according to claim 3, characterized in that: The column is equipped with a steel mesh, which is connected to the outer wall of the first connector.

5. A detachable and replaceable precast beam and column according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a crossbeam and ribs on the outer wall of the column. The crossbeam is located at the end of the rib away from the foundation, and the four corners of the end of the crossbeam near the column are opened. Each opening is equipped with a second connector. The second connector includes a transverse anchor bolt, a second connector, a sleeve, and a second reinforcing bar. The second connector is located at the opening of the crossbeam. The transverse anchor bolt is located inside the column and is parallel to the crossbeam. The outer wall of the end of the transverse anchor bolt near the crossbeam is threaded. The sleeve is located inside the second connector and can pass through the second connector and the column to be threadedly connected to the transverse anchor bolt. The second reinforcing bar is located inside the crossbeam, and the end of the second reinforcing bar that passes through the second connector is threadedly connected to a second nut.

6. A detachable and replaceable precast beam and column according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transverse anchors away from the foundation are bent so that they form a 90° angle.

7. A detachable and replaceable precast beam and column according to claim 6, characterized in that: A blocking plate is installed between the second connector and the column.

8. A detachable and replaceable precast beam and column according to claim 7, characterized in that: A shim is provided between the rib and the crossbeam, and the shim is made of steel sheet.

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