Battery module, battery pack and electric equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery module, a battery pack and electric equipment, and belongs to the technical field of power batteries, the battery module comprises a battery module main body, a first sampling assembly and a second sampling assembly, the battery module main body comprises a plurality of acquisition groups, each acquisition group comprises a first single battery and a second single battery, the anode of the first single battery is connected in series with the cathode of the second single battery; the first sampling assembly comprises a first acquisition plate and a plurality of first acquisition units, the first acquisition plate is arranged on one side of the battery module main body, and the negative electrode of the first single battery in each acquisition group faces the first acquisition plate; the first acquisition unit is connected with the first acquisition board; the second sampling assembly and the first acquisition board are arranged on the two sides of the battery module main body, and the second sampling assembly transmits a voltage signal at the series connection position of the first single battery and the second single battery to the first acquisition unit; the collection of the two single batteries is realized through one first collection unit, so that the usage amount of the first collection unit is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of power battery technology, specifically relating to a battery module, battery pack and electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Current conventional battery pack sampling schemes typically employ a centralized AFE (Analog Front End) board + wiring harness + FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) configuration. This approach is complex, requires significant space for wiring harness placement, and only provides voltage, temperature, and equalization signals, lacking features such as cell impedance measurement. Given the evolving trend in power battery systems towards simplified and reduced structural and electrical components, and increasingly stringent requirements for overall pack size, assembly efficiency, and capacity, sufficient space within the battery pack can no longer be reserved for wiring harness placement. The trend towards wiring harness decoupling is becoming increasingly apparent, and greater emphasis is being placed on battery pack safety.

[0003] The acquisition scheme based on a single integrated chip for a battery cell has begun to be mentioned. A single acquisition chip can collect the cell voltage and temperature (the chip integrates a temperature sensor), and has impedance measurement and equalization functions. The impedance monitoring function can detect early thermal faults inside the cell, and the alarm is minutes faster than that of NTC or pressure sensors. Since impedance can reflect the actual temperature inside the cell, while NTC measures the temperature of the cell casing to reflect the cell temperature, which has hysteresis, the sampling scheme with impedance measurement function can use a higher maximum allowable current during charging than the NTC scheme, thereby shortening the charging time. Based on these advantages, this scheme has gradually attracted the attention and application of various manufacturers.

[0004] Currently, some manufacturers have mass-produced automotive-grade single-cell data acquisition chips. However, since each chip manages one cell, the overall cost is comparable to that of existing conventional data acquisition solutions, offering no cost reduction advantage. Consequently, practical application and promotion are quite difficult. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a battery module designed to overcome the high cost of managing a single battery cell with a single chip. Another objective of this application is to provide a battery pack. Yet another objective of this application is to provide an electrical device.

[0006] Embodiments of this application provide a battery module, including:

[0007] The battery module body includes multiple acquisition groups arranged sequentially along a first direction. Each acquisition group includes a first single cell and a second single cell with alternating positive and negative electrodes. The positive electrode of the first single cell and the negative electrode of the second single cell are connected in series.

[0008] The first sampling assembly includes a first acquisition board and multiple first acquisition units. The first acquisition board is disposed on one side of the battery module body, and the negative terminal of the first single cell in each acquisition group faces the first acquisition board. The first acquisition unit is disposed on the side of the first acquisition board away from the battery module body and is connected to the first acquisition board.

[0009] The second sampling assembly is disposed on both sides of the battery module body opposite to the first acquisition board along the second direction. The second sampling assembly is configured to transmit the voltage signal at the connection point of the first single cell and the second single cell in each acquisition group to the corresponding first acquisition unit. The second direction intersects with the first direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, the voltage signal received by the first acquisition unit at the connection point between the first single cell and the second single cell is V. 总 The voltage of the first single cell acquired by the first acquisition unit is V1, and the voltage of the second single cell is V2, satisfying V2 = V 总 -V1.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first sampling assembly further includes:

[0012] A first isolation plate is disposed between the first acquisition plate and the battery module body, and is connected to the battery module body; the device is mounted on the first isolation plate.

[0013] Multiple units are spaced apart on the first isolation plate along the first direction. The first unit is connected to the first single cell or the second single cell. The first unit connected to the first single cell is also connected to the first acquisition unit.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first sampling assembly further includes:

[0015] The first negative electrode sampling nickel sheet is connected to the first acquisition board, and the first bar plate connected to the first single cell is connected to the first negative electrode sampling nickel sheet.

[0016] The first positive electrode sampling nickel plate is connected to the first acquisition board, and the first electrode plate connected to the second single cell is connected to the first positive electrode sampling nickel plate.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first sampling assembly further includes a plurality of adapter nickel plates, one end of which is connected to the casing of the first single battery cell, and the other end of which is connected to a first sampling unit via the first sampling board.

[0018] In some embodiments, the second sampling assembly includes:

[0019] The second acquisition board is disposed on both sides of the battery module body opposite to the first acquisition board along the second direction;

[0020] The second isolation plate is located between the second acquisition plate and the battery module body, and is connected to the battery module body. The second acquisition plate is mounted on the second isolation plate.

[0021] Multiple second pads are spaced apart on the second separator plate along the first direction. The second pads are connected to the first single cell or the second single cell. The second pads connected to the first single cell are also connected to the casing of the first single cell.

[0022] The second positive sampling nickel plate is connected at one end to the second acquisition board and at the other end to the second electrode plate;

[0023] An equipotential nickel sheet is connected at one end to the second acquisition board and at the other end to the casing of the first single cell.

[0024] In some embodiments, the battery module body further includes a third single cell battery, the third single cell battery and the plurality of acquisition groups are all arranged along the first direction, and the plurality of acquisition groups are all located on one side of the third single cell battery;

[0025] The first sampling assembly further includes a second acquisition unit and a first adapter. The second acquisition unit is disposed on the side of the first acquisition board away from the battery module body and is connected to the first acquisition board. The first adapter is disposed on the first acquisition board and is connected to the first acquisition board.

[0026] The second sampling assembly also includes a second adapter, which is disposed on the second acquisition board and connected to the first adapter via a wire.

[0027] In some embodiments, two communication interfaces are further included, both of which are disposed on the first acquisition board.

[0028] This application also discloses a battery pack, including the single battery cells as described in the above embodiments.

[0029] This application also discloses an electrical device, including a single battery as described in the above embodiments, or including a battery pack as described in the above embodiments.

[0030] Several embodiments of this application have one of the following beneficial effects:

[0031] A battery module according to an embodiment of this application includes a battery module body, a first sampling assembly, and a second sampling assembly. The battery module body includes multiple acquisition groups arranged sequentially along a first direction. Each acquisition group includes a first single cell and a second single cell with alternating positive and negative electrodes, and the positive electrode of the first single cell and the negative electrode of the second single cell are connected in series. The first sampling assembly includes a first acquisition board and multiple first acquisition units. The first acquisition board is disposed on one side of the battery module body, and the negative electrode of the first single cell in each acquisition group faces the first acquisition board. The first acquisition units are disposed on the side of the first acquisition board away from the battery module body and are connected to the first acquisition board. The second sampling assembly is disposed opposite to the first acquisition board along a second direction on both sides of the battery module body. The second sampling assembly is configured to transmit the voltage signal at the point where the first single cell and the second single cell are connected in series in each acquisition group to the corresponding first acquisition unit. That is, the acquisition of two single cells is achieved through one acquisition unit, thereby reducing the number of acquisition units used and achieving the purpose of cost reduction. Moreover, this battery module achieves multiple effects such as reducing the number of wiring harnesses, improving signal acquisition efficiency, and optimizing safety performance. The combination of distributed signal processing units and dual-sided sampling structures significantly improves the internal space utilization of the battery module, aligning with the development trend of power batteries towards wiring harness elimination and high integration. Real-time impedance monitoring provides minute-level early warning of thermal faults, supports dynamic adjustment of charging current to optimize fast charging efficiency, and reduces assembly complexity and failure probability by simplifying connection layers.

[0032] The battery pack of this application embodiment includes the single battery cell as described in the above embodiments. Therefore, it can have all the technical features and effects of the single battery cell described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0033] The electrical equipment in this application includes a single battery or a battery pack as described in the above embodiments. Therefore, it can possess all the technical features and effects of the aforementioned single battery or battery pack, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a battery module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of another battery module provided in an embodiment of this application from one angle;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first acquisition assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cover plate structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of another battery module provided in an embodiment of this application from another angle;

[0042] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of a section at point C;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the thermal pad provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0044] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0045] X - First direction; Y - Second direction;

[0046] 100 - Battery module body; 110 - Data acquisition group; 111 - First single cell; 112 - Second single cell; 120 - Third single cell;

[0047] 200-First sampling assembly; 210-First acquisition board; 220-First acquisition unit; 230-First isolation plate; 240-First electrode plate; 250-First negative electrode sampling nickel plate; 260-First positive electrode sampling nickel plate; 270-Adapter nickel plate; 280-Second acquisition unit; 290-First adapter component;

[0048] 300 - Second sampling assembly; 310 - Second acquisition board; 320 - Second isolation plate; 330 - Second electrode plate; 340 - Second positive electrode sampling nickel plate; 350 - Equipotential nickel plate; 360 - Second adapter; 370 - Patch fuse; 380 - Cover;

[0049] 400 - Communication Interface;

[0050] 500-Wire;

[0051] 600- resistor;

[0052] 700 - Peripheral electronic components;

[0053] 800-thermal conductive pad. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0055] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist; for example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0056] Those skilled in the art will understand that the accompanying drawings are merely schematic diagrams of exemplary embodiments and may not be to scale. The modules or processes shown in the drawings are not necessarily essential for implementing this application and therefore should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0057] In the accompanying drawings of this application's embodiments, arrows labeled X represent the first direction X, and arrows labeled Y represent the second direction Y. The description of this application introduces the first direction X and the second direction Y to more clearly illustrate the structure and relative positional relationships of the battery module. In practical applications, the first direction X and the second direction Y can point to any direction in space. For ease of understanding, this application uses the first direction X as the length direction of the battery module, which is also the arrangement direction of the individual battery cells in the battery module, and the second direction Y as the height direction of the battery module as an example for explanation. In practical applications, the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other.

[0058] As a preamble to the embodiments of this application, conventional sampling schemes for existing battery packs typically employ a centralized AFE slave board + wiring harness + FPC configuration. This scheme requires complex wiring harnesses and FPCs to acquire and equalize cell voltage and temperature signals, but it has significant limitations: the wiring harness arrangement occupies a large amount of space, conflicting with the development trend of simplifying the structural and electrical components of power battery systems and improving the efficiency of volume packing; moreover, it has limited functionality, only supporting voltage and temperature acquisition and passive equalization, and cannot achieve internal impedance measurement of the cell, resulting in the inability to provide early warning of safety hazards such as thermal runaway. In addition, traditional schemes rely on NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) thermistors to monitor the casing temperature, which has hysteresis and affects the optimization of charging strategies.

[0059] To address the aforementioned issues, a data acquisition solution integrating a single battery cell chip has been proposed. This solution integrates a single acquisition chip directly into the battery cell, enabling independent management of each cell. It can simultaneously acquire voltage, temperature (with a built-in temperature sensor), and internal impedance of the cell, and supports active balancing and thermal fault early warning. Its advantages include: real-time monitoring of early thermal faults within the cell through impedance changes, with alarm speeds minutes faster than NTC or pressure sensors, significantly improving safety; dynamic adjustment of charging current using impedance data, allowing for higher charging rates and shorter charging times; and elimination of wiring harnesses and FPCs, reducing connection layers and aligning with the trend towards lightweight and highly integrated battery packs.

[0060] Despite its technological advantages, the solution faces challenges in practical application: the single-chip management of a single cell results in a total system cost comparable to traditional centralized solutions, making it less cost-competitive; the impedance measurement algorithm needs further optimization to adapt to complex operating conditions and ensure data accuracy; and issues related to multi-cell collaborative management and communication protocol standardization also need to be addressed.

[0061] In view of this, this application provides a battery module that aims to overcome the current technical problem of high cost of managing a single battery cell with a single chip.

[0062] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2A battery module according to an embodiment of this application includes a battery module body 100, a first sampling assembly 200, and a second sampling assembly 300. The battery module body 100 includes multiple sampling groups 110 arranged sequentially along a first direction X. Each sampling group 110 includes a first single-cell battery 111 and a second single-cell battery 112 with alternating positive and negative electrodes. The positive electrode of the first single-cell battery 111 is connected in series with the negative electrode of the second single-cell battery 112. The first sampling assembly 200 includes a first sampling board 210 and multiple first sampling units 220. The first sampling board 210 is disposed on one side of the battery module body 100, and the negative electrode of the first single-cell battery 111 in each sampling group 110 faces the first sampling board 210. The first sampling units 220 are disposed on the side of the first sampling board 210 away from the battery module body 100 and are connected to the first sampling board 210. The second sampling assembly 300 and the first acquisition board 210 are disposed opposite each other on both sides of the battery module body 100 along the second direction Y. The second sampling assembly 300 is configured to transmit the voltage signal at the connection point of the first single cell 111 and the second single cell 112 in each acquisition group 110 to the corresponding first acquisition unit 220.

[0063] It should be noted that the battery module body 100 adopts a modular design, arranging multiple acquisition groups 110 along the first direction X. Each group contains a first single cell 111 and a second single cell 112 connected in series with alternating positive and negative electrodes. This structure shortens the physical distance between cells, improves the volume utilization of the battery module, and provides a basis for a dual-side sampling layout. The first sampling assembly 200 and the second sampling assembly 300 are respectively arranged on both sides of the battery module, forming a symmetrical signal acquisition network, avoiding the complex structure of traditional cross-region wiring harnesses.

[0064] Understandably, the first acquisition unit 220 integrated in the first acquisition board 210 can calculate the voltage value of the second single cell 112 by directly acquiring the negative electrode potential of the first single cell 111 and combining it with the series node voltage transmitted by the second sampling assembly 300. This dual-sided synchronous sampling mechanism not only reduces the signal transmission path length but also reduces the risk of electromagnetic interference and improves data acquisition accuracy. In addition, the acquisition unit has built-in temperature sensing and impedance measurement functions, which can monitor the internal state changes of the cell in real time, breaking through the hysteresis limitation of traditional NTC sensors in monitoring the casing temperature.

[0065] It's important to note that the data acquisition unit uses a data acquisition chip as its core component. In terms of signal acquisition, it can quickly and accurately acquire cell voltage, whether it's the voltage of a single cell or the voltage of cells connected in series. Simultaneously, the acquisition chip integrates a temperature sensor, enabling real-time monitoring of cell temperature and avoiding the hysteresis problem of traditional NTC sensors. The chip's impedance monitoring function can continuously track the internal impedance of the cell, keenly detecting early signs of thermal failure within the cell, significantly improving the safety of the battery system. In the cell management phase, the chip also has a balancing function, actively balancing voltage differences between cells. With these key functions—data acquisition, early warning, and balancing—the acquisition chip, as the core, allows the acquisition unit to comprehensively ensure the safe and stable operation of the battery module.

[0066] Through the above technical solutions, this battery module achieves multiple benefits, including reduced wiring harness quantity, improved signal acquisition efficiency, and optimized safety performance. The combination of a distributed signal processing unit and a dual-sided sampling structure significantly improves the internal space utilization of the battery module, aligning with the development trend of wiring harness elimination and high integration in power batteries. Real-time impedance monitoring provides minute-level early warning of thermal faults, supports dynamic adjustment of charging current to optimize fast charging efficiency, and simplifies assembly complexity and reduces the probability of failure by simplifying connection layers.

[0067] In some embodiments, the first acquisition unit 220 achieves collaborative calculation of the voltage of the two cells through a dual-side sampling structure. Specifically, the voltage signal received by the first acquisition unit 220 at the series connection point of the first single cell 111 and the second single cell 112 is V. 总 The voltage of the first single cell 111 collected by the first acquisition unit 220 is V1, and the voltage of the second single cell 112 is V2, satisfying V2 = V 总 -V1.

[0068] Understandably, this embodiment omits the direct sampling circuit for the second individual battery cell 112. The second sampling assembly 300 only needs to transmit the total voltage signal of the series nodes to the first acquisition chip on the opposite side, and the first acquisition chip can indirectly obtain the voltage data of the second individual battery cell 112 through its built-in algorithm. This indirect measurement method reduces the number of individual cell voltage acquisition lines, significantly simplifies the wiring harness layout inside the battery module, and maintains the accuracy of voltage measurement.

[0069] Through the above technical solution, the voltage calculation mechanism achieves a balance between hardware cost and functionality. Without adding additional acquisition units, a single first acquisition unit 220 can simultaneously manage the first and second individual battery cells 111 and 112 in the acquisition group 110, reducing system complexity. Simultaneously, through differential voltage calculation using dual-side sampling, common-mode interference can be effectively suppressed, improving signal acquisition accuracy. This design provides technical support for the high integration and wiring harness elimination of battery modules.

[0070] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first sampling assembly 200 also includes a first isolation plate 230 and multiple first plates 240, further optimizing system performance and safety. The first isolation plate 230 is disposed between the first acquisition plate 210 and the battery module body 100, and is connected to the battery module body 100. The first acquisition plate 210 is mounted on the first isolation plate 230. This provides electrical isolation between the two, preventing short circuits and other faults caused by electrical conduction between the battery module and the first acquisition plate 210, thus improving system safety. It also provides a stable mounting platform for the first acquisition plate 210, ensuring its secure installation. Multiple first plates 240 are spaced apart along the first direction X on the first isolation plate 230, and each first plate 240 is connected to either the first single cell 111 or the second single cell 112. The first plate 240 connected to the first single cell 111 is also connected to the first acquisition unit 220. This establishes a signal transmission bridge between the first single cell 111 and the first acquisition unit 220, ensuring accurate and efficient transmission of the cell voltage signal. The first sensor plate 240 allows the first acquisition unit 220 to establish a connection with the first single battery cell 111 via the first sensor plate 240, reducing the use of complex wiring harnesses, simplifying the wiring structure, reducing wiring costs, and reducing the risk of failure caused by complex wiring. The insulation of the first isolation plate 230 effectively prevents electrical interference between the battery module and the first acquisition plate 210, ensuring the stability and accuracy of signal acquisition and improving the reliability of the entire battery module.

[0071] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the first sampling assembly 200, in addition to the components mentioned above, also includes a first negative electrode sampling nickel sheet 250 and a first positive electrode sampling nickel sheet 260. The first negative electrode sampling nickel sheet 250 is connected to the first acquisition board 210, and the first electrode plate 240, which is connected to the first single cell 111, is connected to the first negative electrode sampling nickel sheet 250. The first positive electrode sampling nickel sheet 260 is connected to the first acquisition board 210, and the first electrode plate 240, which is connected to the second single cell 112, is connected to the first positive electrode sampling nickel sheet 260. This connection method constructs a more complete signal transmission path system, enabling the first acquisition board 210 to more accurately acquire the relevant electrical signal information of the first single cell 111 and the second single cell 112, providing a foundation for subsequent signal processing and cell status monitoring.

[0072] Understandably, the placement of the first negative electrode sampling nickel plate 250 and the first positive electrode sampling nickel plate 260 further improves the connection between the first single cell 111, the second single cell 112, and the first acquisition board 210. The first negative electrode sampling nickel plate 250 and the first positive electrode sampling nickel plate 260 act as key nodes in a bridge, tightly connecting the first electrode plate 240 to the first acquisition board 210. This connection method not only ensures stable and efficient transmission of electrical signals but also makes the layout of the signal acquisition section more reasonable and compact in the overall battery module structure design. It avoids problems such as unstable signal transmission caused by poor connections and lays a structural foundation for improving the overall performance of the battery module. At the same time, this design also conforms to the development trend of high integration in battery modules, reducing unnecessary connecting components and complex wiring layouts.

[0073] It should be noted that both the first negative sampling nickel plate 250 and the first positive sampling nickel plate 260 can be configured in duplicate, forming a redundant design. This dual-backup physical connection ensures the continuity of signal transmission. If one of the first negative sampling nickel plates 250 or the first positive sampling nickel plate 260 experiences breakage, oxidation, or poor contact, the other can immediately take over the signal transmission task, avoiding data acquisition failure due to a single point of failure.

[0074] Through the aforementioned technical solution, the arrangement of the first negative electrode sampling nickel sheet 250 and the first positive electrode sampling nickel sheet 260 in the first sampling assembly 200 optimizes the signal acquisition of individual cells in the battery module. On the one hand, it improves the signal transmission path, enhances the accuracy and stability of signal acquisition, and provides reliable data support for the safe and stable operation of the battery module. On the other hand, it simplifies the connection structure, reduces the use of complex wiring harnesses, and lowers wiring costs and the risk of failure caused by complex wiring. This design achieves a good balance between hardware cost, signal acquisition accuracy, and reliability in the battery module, further promoting the development of battery modules towards high integration and wiring harness elimination, which aligns with the development trend of power battery systems.

[0075] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first sampling assembly 200 also includes multiple adapter nickel plates 270. One end of the adapter nickel plate 270 is tightly connected to the casing of the first single cell battery 111, and the other end is connected to a first acquisition unit 220 via the first acquisition board 210.

[0076] Understandably, the adapter nickel strip 270 significantly optimizes the signal transmission path between the first single-cell battery 111 and the first acquisition unit 220. From a physical perspective, it shortens the distance between the first single-cell battery 111 and the first acquisition unit 220, effectively reducing the signal transmission distance. From a signal transmission perspective, this design reduces signal loss during transmission, weakens the impact of interference signals, and thus significantly improves the accuracy and stability of signal acquisition. Furthermore, this direct connection method allows the first acquisition unit 220 to obtain the status information of the first single-cell battery 111 more promptly and comprehensively, providing strong support for the refined management of the battery module.

[0077] By adding a transition nickel strip 270 to the first sampling assembly 200 through the above technical solution, the signal acquisition system of the battery module is optimized. On the one hand, the signal transmission path is optimized, improving the accuracy and stability of signal acquisition and laying a solid data foundation for the safe and stable operation of the battery module; on the other hand, the overall connection structure is simplified, reducing the complexity of wiring and minimizing potential faults caused by complex wiring. This technical solution aligns with the development trend of battery modules towards wire harness elimination and high integration, not only helping to improve the overall performance of the battery module but also reducing production costs.

[0078] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the second sampling assembly 300 includes a second acquisition board 310, a second isolation plate 320, multiple second sampling plates 330, a second positive electrode sampling nickel plate 340, and an equipotential nickel plate 350. These components each perform their respective functions and work together. The second acquisition board 310 is distributed opposite to the first acquisition board 210 in the second direction Y, located on both sides of the battery module body 100, establishing the basic architecture for dual-sided sampling. The second isolation plate 320 is installed between the second acquisition board 310 and the battery module body 100, connected to the battery module body 100, and provides a stable mounting base for the second acquisition board 310. Multiple second sampling plates 330 are spaced apart along the first direction X on the second isolation plate 320, connected to the first single cell 111 or the second single cell 112. Some of the second sampling plates 330 connected to the first single cell 111 are also connected to the casing of the first single cell 111. The second positive sampling nickel plate 340 is connected at one end to the second acquisition board 310 and at the other end to the second electrode plate 330 to conduct signals. The equipotential nickel plate 350 is connected at one end to the second acquisition board 310 and at the other end to the casing of the first single cell 111 to optimize the potential of the entire sampling system.

[0079] Understandably, this layout and component connection method of the second sampling assembly 300 greatly improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of sampling. The dual-side sampling architecture enables multi-dimensional collection of battery module signals, effectively avoiding blind spots in signal acquisition. The second isolation plate 320 not only provides a stable installation environment for the second acquisition board 310, but also serves as electrical isolation, preventing electrical continuity between the battery module and the second acquisition board 310, reducing the risk of short circuits, and ensuring system safety. The connection between the second electrode plate 330 and the individual battery cells and their casings broadens the sources of signal acquisition, making the collected information richer. The second positive electrode sampling nickel plate 340 and the equipotential nickel plate 350 further optimize the signal transmission path, ensuring that the signal can be accurately and stably transmitted to the second acquisition board 310, reducing signal loss and interference during transmission.

[0080] Through the above technical solution, the second sampling assembly 300 achieves a dual improvement in battery module signal acquisition performance and system safety. On the one hand, comprehensive and accurate signal acquisition provides reliable data support for the management and control of the battery module, helping to promptly detect problems during battery module operation, provide early warnings of potential risks, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the battery module. On the other hand, through electrical isolation and optimized signal transmission paths, the probability of system failure is reduced, and the system reliability is improved. Furthermore, this solution aligns with the development trend of high integration and wiring harness elimination in battery modules, reducing the use of complex wiring harnesses and lowering system complexity and cost.

[0081] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the battery module body 100 also includes a third single-cell battery 120. The third single-cell battery 120 and multiple acquisition groups 110 are all arranged along the first direction X, and the multiple acquisition groups 110 are concentrated on the same side of the third single-cell battery 120. Meanwhile, the first sampling assembly 200 also includes a second acquisition unit 280 and a first adapter 290. The second acquisition unit 280 is installed on the side of the first acquisition board 210 opposite to the battery module body 100 and is connected to the first acquisition board 210. The first adapter 290 is disposed on the first acquisition board 210 and is also connected to the first acquisition board 210. A second adapter 360 is provided in the second sampling assembly 300, installed on the second acquisition board 310, and connected to the first adapter 290 via a wire 500. It is worth emphasizing that the conventional sampling scheme mentioned above is applicable when the number of single-cell batteries in the battery module body 100 is even. When the number of single-cell batteries is odd, the sampling method described in this embodiment must be used.

[0082] Understandably, the introduction of the third single-cell battery 120 alters the layout of the battery module body 100. The additional components in the first sampling assembly 200 and the second sampling assembly 300 are designed to accommodate this change and the sampling requirements of an odd number of single-cell batteries. The first adapter 290 and the second adapter 360 are connected by a wire 500, establishing a new signal transmission channel between the two sampling assemblies. The inclusion of the second acquisition unit 280 further enhances the sampling capability of the first sampling assembly 200, ensuring that even with an odd number of single-cell batteries, the relevant signals of the battery module can still be comprehensively and accurately acquired. This design effectively compensates for the shortcomings of conventional even-number single-cell battery sampling schemes when dealing with odd-number single-cell batteries, demonstrating greater adaptability and flexibility.

[0083] Through the above technical solution, when the number of individual cells in the battery module body 100 is odd, the sampling method of this embodiment achieves effective acquisition of battery module signals. On the one hand, by adding a third individual cell 120 and optimizing the sampling assembly components, the integrity and accuracy of signal acquisition are ensured, providing reliable data support for the stable operation and precise management of the battery module. On the other hand, this solution expands the applicability of battery module sampling design, achieving efficient sampling regardless of whether the number of individual cells is odd or even, which aligns with the development trend of diversified battery module designs. This not only improves the performance of the battery module and reduces the risk of failure caused by improper sampling, but also lays a solid technical foundation for the promotion and use of battery modules in different application scenarios.

[0084] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6As shown, the battery module also includes two communication interfaces 400, both of which are located on the first acquisition board 210. The communication interfaces 400 serve as the hub for interaction between the battery module and external devices or systems, undertaking the tasks of data transmission and command exchange. Through the communication interfaces 400, key data such as cell voltage, temperature, and impedance collected by the battery module can be successfully transmitted to the battery management system or other host computers, providing data support for analysis and decision-making by these devices. Simultaneously, control commands sent by external devices can also be accurately transmitted to the battery module through the communication interfaces 400, thereby achieving precise control of the battery module.

[0085] Understandably, placing the two communication interfaces 400 on the first acquisition board 210 significantly optimizes the data transmission architecture of the battery module. This not only shortens the data transmission path, reduces signal loss and interference during transmission, and improves data transmission efficiency and accuracy, but also enhances the integration of the entire battery module, making the system structure more compact. Furthermore, the dual communication interface 400 design features redundancy backup; when one communication interface 400 fails, the other can still ensure normal data transmission, guaranteeing uninterrupted communication between the battery module and external systems, thus enhancing system reliability and stability.

[0086] By employing the aforementioned technical solution, two communication interfaces 400 are installed on the first acquisition board 210, significantly improving the communication performance and system reliability of the battery module. On one hand, efficient and stable data transmission provides strong support for the intelligent management of the battery module, enabling it to better integrate into complex battery management systems and meet the needs of different application scenarios. On the other hand, the redundant design of the dual communication interfaces 400 reduces the risk of system anomalies caused by communication failures, improving the stability of the battery module's operation. This design aligns with the development trend of high integration and high reliability in battery modules, further enhancing the overall competitiveness of the battery module and laying a solid technical foundation for its widespread application in the new energy field.

[0087] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the first sampling assembly 200 is equipped with a cover 380, which covers the side of the first isolation plate 230 opposite to the battery module body 100 and is connected to the first isolation plate 230. The cover 380 serves as physical protection and structural support. The cover 380 and the first isolation plate 230 together form a closed protective space, which can protect electronic components such as the first acquisition board 210 and the first acquisition unit 220. It can be understood that the cover 380 enhances the environmental adaptability and reliability of the first sampling assembly 200 without increasing the system complexity, meeting the design requirements of high protection level for power battery modules.

[0088] Similarly, the second sampling assembly 300 is also equipped with a cover 380 (not shown in the figure). This cover 380 covers the side of the second isolation plate 320 opposite to the battery module body 100 and is connected to the second isolation plate 320. The cover 380 serves as physical protection and structural support. The cover 380 and the second isolation plate 320 work together to form a closed protective space, which can protect electronic components such as the second acquisition board 310. It can be understood that the cover 380 enhances the environmental adaptability and reliability of the second acquisition assembly without increasing the system complexity, meeting the design requirements of high protection level for power battery modules.

[0089] In the data acquisition logic disclosed in this application embodiment, the data acquisition module includes a first data acquisition unit 220, a first switch assembly, and a second switch assembly. Both the first and second switch assemblies are connected to the first data acquisition unit 220, and the data acquisition group 110 is connected to both switch assemblies. When the first switch assembly is turned on, the first data acquisition unit 220 acquires the total voltage of the first single-cell battery 111 and the second single-cell battery 112 in the data acquisition group 110; when the second switch assembly is turned on, the first data acquisition unit 220 specifically acquires the voltage of the first single-cell battery 111. Furthermore, the number of switches in the first and second switch assemblies is not limited; the first and second switch assemblies may contain one or more switches, and there may be situations where these two switch assemblies share a switch.

[0090] In some examples, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first acquisition board 210 is also equipped with a resistor 600 and peripheral electronic components 700, while the second acquisition board 310 is equipped with a resistor 600. A single acquisition chip manages the first single-cell battery 111 and the second single-cell battery 112. The voltage signals of the first single-cell battery 111 and the second single-cell battery 112 are selected via the chip K1-GPIO. When the first switch assembly is turned on, the acquired voltage is the total voltage of the first single-cell battery 111 and the second single-cell battery 112 connected in series. This voltage needs to be divided by the resistor 600 to obtain the voltage of the second single-cell battery 112. When the second switch assembly is turned on, the voltage of the first single-cell battery 111 is measured without voltage division or conversion. The temperature of the first single cell 111 is measured by the temperature sensor integrated inside the chip. The internal temperature (impedance reflects the actual internal temperature of the cell) and health status of the second single cell 112 are monitored by the impedance measurement function of the chip. This achieves full coverage of voltage and temperature measurement for all cells. When lithium plating or internal short-term events occur inside the cell, the impedance reacts quickly to internal changes without hysteresis, which advances the detection and warning time of thermal runaway by more than 10 minutes. This not only achieves full coverage of temperature measurement for all cells and greatly advances the detection time of thermal runaway of the battery pack, improving the safety of the battery pack, but also reduces sampling costs by 40%-50%.

[0091] In some examples, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, when the number of individual cells is even, for temperature acquisition, the internal temperature sensor of the chip is responsible for acquiring the temperature of the first individual cell 111 in each acquisition group 110. The temperature of the first electrode plate 240 is transferred to the acquisition chip through the heat conduction of the first negative electrode sampling nickel plate 250 (the cell temperature is characterized by the temperature of the first electrode plate 240). For voltage acquisition, each acquisition chip detects the voltage of the acquisition group 110, and performs voltage conversion detection through the midpoint acquisition (the series connection point of the first individual cell 111 and the second individual cell 112). For the balancing function, each acquisition chip manages the first individual cell 111 and the second individual cell 112, and performs balancing on the first individual cell 111 and the second individual cell 112 respectively; since balancing requires the use of resistor 600, resistor 600 will heat up when balancing is turned on, therefore, the first isolation plate 230 and the corresponding positions of the balancing resistor 600 and other resistor-type peripheral electronic components 700 are hollowed out and thermal pads 800 are attached (e.g., Figure 9 As shown), the heat from the resistor 600 is then conducted to the casing of the first single cell 111, which has a lower temperature. Regarding impedance functionality, impedance measurement is performed on the second single cell 112 to monitor its temperature and health status. Since an excitation signal is required for impedance measurement, the excitation source is generated / provided by the first single cell 111 and the second single cell 112 connected in series. The CCS (Cell Contact System) layout starts from the negative terminal. The first acquisition unit 220 has a built-in temperature detection function. The temperature of the first single cell 111 is conducted to the temperature sensing area at the bottom of the first acquisition unit 220 through the first negative electrode sampling nickel plate 250, thus achieving temperature acquisition. The voltage at the series connection point of the first single cell 111 and the second single cell 112 is positively charged on the casing of the first single cell 111 through the patch fuse 370 and the equipotential nickel plate 350, and then the voltage signal is transmitted through the adapter nickel plate 270. The first acquisition chip is provided; the sampling + impedance acquisition adopts a four-wire method, so four nickel plates are required, namely the first negative sampling nickel plate 250, the first positive sampling nickel plate 260, the adapter nickel plate 270, and the equipotential nickel plate 350. The first negative sampling nickel plate 250, the first positive sampling nickel plate 260, and the adapter nickel plate 270 are soldered to the first acquisition board 210, and the equipotential nickel plate 350 is soldered to the second acquisition board 310. The adapter nickel plate 270 and the equipotential nickel plate 350 are laser welded to the first single cell 111.

[0092] Specifically, both the first acquisition board 210 and the second acquisition board 310 are PCBs (Printed Circuit Boards). A PCB is an integrated circuit board that forms conductive lines by etching copper foil and supports electronic components using an insulating substrate. In the battery module, the application of PCBs provides a stable physical platform for signal acquisition and processing. Specifically, the first acquisition board 210 and the second acquisition board 310 serve as the core carriers of the dual-side sampling architecture, integrating key components such as the first acquisition unit 220, the second acquisition unit 280, and the communication interface 400. Electrical connections between these components are achieved through copper foil traces on the PCBs.

[0093] It is understood that the aforementioned battery cell can be a first single cell 111, a second single cell 112, or a third single cell 120. The cell series connection point refers to the point where the first single cell 111 and the second single cell 112 are connected in series in each sampling group 110. The cell temperature refers to the temperature of the first single cell 111, the second single cell 112, or the third single cell 120. A dual-cell configuration refers to the first single cell 111 and the second single cell 112 in the sampling group 110.

[0094] This application also discloses a battery pack, including the single battery cells as described in the above embodiments. Therefore, it can possess all the technical features and effects of the aforementioned single battery cells, which will not be repeated here.

[0095] This application also discloses an electrical device, including a single battery as described in the above embodiments, or a battery pack as described in the above embodiments. Therefore, it can possess all the technical features and effects of the aforementioned single battery or battery pack, which will not be repeated here.

[0096] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0097] The battery module provided in the embodiments of this application has been described in detail above, and specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the technical solutions and core ideas of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized in that, include: The battery module body (100) includes a plurality of acquisition groups (110) arranged sequentially along a first direction (X). The acquisition group (110) includes a first single cell (111) and a second single cell (112) with alternating positive and negative electrodes. The positive electrode of the first single cell (111) is connected in series with the negative electrode of the second single cell (112). The first sampling assembly (200) includes a first acquisition board (210) and a plurality of first acquisition units (220). The first acquisition board (210) is disposed on one side of the battery module body (100), and the negative terminal of the first single cell (111) in each acquisition group (110) faces the first acquisition board (210). The first acquisition unit (220) is disposed on the side of the first acquisition board (210) away from the battery module body (100) and is connected to the first acquisition board (210). The second sampling assembly (300) is disposed on both sides of the battery module body (100) opposite to the first acquisition board (210) along the second direction (Y). The second sampling assembly (300) is configured to transmit the voltage signal at the point where the first single cell (111) and the second single cell (112) in each acquisition group (110) are connected in series to the corresponding first acquisition unit (220). The second direction (Y) intersects with the first direction (X).

2. The battery module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage signal received by the first acquisition unit (220) at the connection point between the first single cell (111) and the second single cell (112) is V. 总 The voltage of the first single cell (111) collected by the first acquisition unit (220) is V1, and the voltage of the second single cell (112) is V2, satisfying V2 = V 总 -V1.

3. The battery module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first sampling assembly (200) further includes: A first isolation plate (230) is disposed between the first acquisition plate (210) and the battery module body (100) and is connected to the battery module body (100). The first acquisition plate (210) is mounted on the first isolation plate (230). Multiple first pads (240) are arranged at intervals along the first direction (X) on the first isolation plate (230). The first pads (240) are connected to the first single cell (111) or the second single cell (112). The first pads (240) connected to the first single cell (111) are also connected to the first acquisition unit (220).

4. The battery module as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first sampling assembly (200) further includes: The first negative electrode sampling nickel sheet (250) is connected to the first acquisition board (210), and the first electrode plate (240) connected to the first single cell (111) is connected to the first negative electrode sampling nickel sheet (250). The first positive electrode sampling nickel plate (260) is connected to the first acquisition board (210), and the first electrode plate (240) connected to the second single cell (112) is connected to the first positive electrode sampling nickel plate (260).

5. The battery module as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first sampling assembly (200) also includes a plurality of adapter nickel plates (270), one end of which is connected to the housing of the first single cell (111), and the other end is connected to a first sampling unit (220) through the first sampling board (210).

6. The battery module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second sampling assembly (300) includes: The second acquisition board (310) is disposed on both sides of the battery module body (100) opposite to the first acquisition board (210) along the second direction (Y); The second isolation plate (320) is located between the second acquisition plate (310) and the battery module body (100) and is connected to the battery module body (100). The second acquisition plate (310) is installed on the second isolation plate (320). Multiple second plates (330) are spaced apart on the second separator plate (320) along the first direction (X). The second plates (330) are connected to the first single cell (111) or the second single cell (112). The second plates (330) connected to the first single cell (111) are also connected to the casing of the first single cell (111). The second positive sampling nickel plate (340) is connected at one end to the second acquisition plate (310) and at the other end to the second electrode plate (330); An equipotential nickel plate (350) is connected at one end to the second acquisition board (310) and at the other end to the casing of the first single cell (111).

7. The battery module as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The battery module body (100) also includes a third single cell battery (120), the third single cell battery (120) and the plurality of acquisition groups (110) are all arranged along the first direction (X), and the plurality of acquisition groups (110) are all located on one side of the third single cell battery (120); The first sampling assembly (200) further includes a second acquisition unit (280) and a first adapter (290). The second acquisition unit (280) is disposed on the side of the first acquisition board (210) away from the battery module body (100) and is connected to the first acquisition board (210). The first adapter (290) is disposed on the first acquisition board (210) and is connected to the first acquisition board (210). The second sampling assembly (300) further includes a second adapter (360), which is disposed on the second acquisition board (310) and connected to the first adapter (290) via a wire (500).

8. The battery module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes two communication interfaces (400), both of which are located on the first acquisition board (210).

9. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes a single cell battery as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 above.

10. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, It includes a single cell battery as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, or a battery pack as described in claim 9.

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