Energy storage cabinet

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an energy storage cabinet. The energy storage cabinet comprises a box body, a battery and an air inlet dustproof structure, the box body comprises an air inlet and an air outlet, and the battery is accommodated in an accommodating cavity of the box body; the air inlet dustproof structure comprises a front air inlet bin and a rear air inlet bin, the rear air inlet bin is fixed to the air inlet of the box body, the rear air inlet bin comprises an installation face exposed out of the air inlet, the rear air inlet bin comprises a second inlet and a second outlet, the second inlet is located in the installation face, and the second outlet is located in the box body and communicates with the containing cavity of the box body; the front air inlet bin is detachably mounted on the mounting surface and comprises a first inlet and a first outlet, the first inlet is formed in the surface, facing the bottom surface of the box body, of the front air inlet bin, and the first outlet is communicated with the second inlet; the first inlet is provided with an inlet air filtering structure, and the second outlet is provided with an outlet air filtering structure. According to the energy storage cabinet, the air inlet amount is guaranteed, and meanwhile the good dustproof effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to an energy storage cabinet. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, global climate change has garnered widespread attention worldwide, and reducing carbon emissions and finding new energy sources are currently key priorities in the energy sector. The effective utilization of traditional renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power can improve the effectiveness and sustainability of new energy sources, and energy storage systems are a crucial component of this.

[0003] Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in various energy storage systems due to their advantages such as cleanliness, high cycle life, and lack of memory effect. However, thermal runaway of lithium batteries can generate large amounts of flammable gases, and the accumulation of these gases can easily lead to combustion and explosion risks. Energy storage cabinets housing lithium-ion batteries need to be equipped with exhaust and ventilation channels to reduce the risk of lithium-ion battery runaway. Since containers are generally deployed outdoors, or even in harsh environments such as deserts, the exhaust and ventilation channels must ensure smooth airflow while also providing dust protection. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides an energy storage cabinet that ensures sufficient air intake while also providing good dust prevention.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides an energy storage cabinet, which includes a housing, a battery, and an air inlet and dustproof structure. The housing includes an air inlet and an air outlet, and the battery is housed within a receiving cavity of the housing. The air inlet and dustproof structure includes a front air chamber and a rear air chamber. The rear air chamber is fixed to the air inlet of the housing and includes a mounting surface that exposes the air inlet. The rear air chamber includes a second inlet and a second outlet. The second inlet is located on the mounting surface, and the second outlet is located inside the housing and communicates with the receiving cavity of the housing. The front air chamber is detachably mounted on the mounting surface and includes a first inlet and a first outlet. The first inlet is located on the surface of the front air chamber facing the bottom of the housing, and the first outlet is connected to the second inlet. The first inlet is provided with an air inlet filter structure, and the second outlet is provided with an air outlet filter structure.

[0006] The aforementioned energy storage cabinet features a front and rear air intake chamber in its dust-proof air intake structure, creating an airflow channel for outside air to enter the battery compartment. The front air intake chamber includes an intake filter that filters impurities from the air entering the dust-proof structure, while the rear air intake chamber includes an exhaust filter that filters impurities from the air exiting the dust-proof structure. These two filtration structures achieve a superior dust-proof filtration effect. The front and rear air intake chambers are detachably connected, allowing the other chamber to continue providing dust-proof filtration even if one of its filters fails. This detachable connection also facilitates installation and maintenance.

[0007] In one embodiment, along the airflow direction of the first inlet, the air intake filter structure includes a first air intake honeycomb layer and a second air intake honeycomb layer stacked together, with the pore size of the first air intake honeycomb layer being larger than that of the second air intake honeycomb layer. Each honeycomb layer can disperse the airflow, ensuring flow efficiency, while simultaneously filtering impurities through the pores of the honeycomb layer. The air intake filter structure filters impurities in the air through two honeycomb layers with different pore sizes, reducing the probability of impurities from the outside air entering the forward air chamber and improving dust prevention.

[0008] In one embodiment, the air inlet filter structure includes an air inlet filter cotton disposed on the air outlet side of the second air inlet honeycomb layer. The pore size of the air inlet filter cotton is smaller than that of the second air inlet honeycomb layer. The stiffness of the air inlet filter cotton is less than that of the first and second air inlet honeycomb layers. The air inlet filter cotton can further filter impurities in the air and also has a certain moisture absorption function, reducing air humidity and ensuring smooth airflow. Through the cooperation of the honeycomb layer and the filter cotton, the air entering the air inlet is effectively filtered, improving dust prevention while ensuring airflow.

[0009] In one embodiment, along the airflow direction of the forward air chamber, the thickness of the first air inlet honeycomb layer is greater than the thickness of the second air inlet honeycomb layer, which can reduce the difference in air resistance when air passes through the two air inlet honeycomb layers.

[0010] In one embodiment, the distance between the first inlet and the bottom surface of the housing along the first direction is less than the distance between the first outlet and the bottom surface of the housing, and the distance between the second outlet and the bottom surface of the housing is greater than the distance between the second inlet and the bottom surface of the housing. The air entering the air intake and dustproof structure generally flows from the bottom surface of the housing upwards. Some impurities in the air combine during the flow process, increasing their mass and allowing them to fall off under gravity, thus reducing the amount of impurities entering the housing.

[0011] In one embodiment, the rear air intake chamber includes a guide vane. Along a first direction, the top end of the guide vane is fixed to the inner wall of the air intake chamber, and a gap exists between the bottom end of the guide vane and the inner wall of the air intake chamber. A first channel is formed between the surface of the guide vane facing the front air intake chamber and the inner wall of the rear air intake chamber, the first channel connecting the second inlet of the rear air intake chamber and the gap. A second channel is formed between the surface of the guide vane facing away from the front air intake chamber and the inner wall of the rear air intake chamber, the second channel connecting the second outlet of the rear air intake chamber and the gap. The guide vane can guide the airflow within the rear air intake chamber, making the airflow more regular and smooth, and reducing the airflow resistance within the rear air intake chamber.

[0012] In one embodiment, the surface of the air guide plate facing the forward air chamber includes a guide plane and a guide slope. Along the first direction, the distance between the guide plane and the bottom surface of the housing is greater than the distance between the guide slope and the bottom surface of the housing. The guide slope is inclined relative to the guide plane towards the side away from the forward air chamber. The air entering the rear air chamber is guided by the air guide plate, reducing air resistance at the gaps and achieving a better airflow effect. The guide slope of the air guide plate increases the space of the first channel on the rear air chamber side, allowing for greater airflow space and time at the bottom of the rear air chamber after air enters the first channel. This facilitates the falling of impurities in the air under gravity and also improves the dustproof effect.

[0013] In one embodiment, the exhaust air filtration structure includes an exhaust honeycomb layer and an exhaust filter cotton stacked along the airflow direction of the rear air inlet chamber. The exhaust honeycomb layer is disposed on the air inlet side of the exhaust filter cotton, and the pore size of the exhaust honeycomb layer is larger than that of the exhaust filter cotton, while the stiffness of the exhaust filter cotton is smaller than that of the exhaust honeycomb layer. Through the cooperation of the honeycomb layer and the filter cotton, the air entering the air inlet is effectively filtered, improving dust prevention while ensuring airflow. In one embodiment, the second outlet is located at least one of the top of the rear air inlet chamber away from the bottom surface of the housing and the side wall of the air inlet chamber away from the front air inlet chamber. The second outlet can be configured according to the position and space of the air inlet dust prevention structure relative to the housing to meet the requirements of airflow and spatial layout.

[0014] In one embodiment, at least one of the first outlet and the second inlet is provided with an intermediate filter structure, which covers either the first outlet or the second inlet. The intermediate filter structure, together with the inlet filter structure and the outlet filter structure, forms a three-tiered filtration system, providing excellent dust filtration performance.

[0015] In one embodiment, the distance between the air inlet and the air outlet is greater than the dimensions of the internal space of the housing along the first, second, and third directions, and the first, second, and third directions are perpendicular to each other; along the first direction, the distance between the air inlet and the bottom surface of the housing is less than the distance between the air outlet and the bottom surface of the housing. The path of airflow through the battery compartment is maximized to ensure sufficient air circulation within the battery compartment.

[0016] Secondly, this application provides an energy storage system, which includes any of the energy storage cabinets provided in the first aspect above. The DC power output from the battery in the energy storage cabinet can be converted into AC power and output to the load or the power grid, and the AC power from the power grid can be converted into DC power and transmitted to the energy storage cabinet. The energy storage cabinet has good airflow and excellent dustproof performance, which can improve the efficiency and safety of the energy storage system. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of the energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0018] Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 2c A schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 3a This is a partial structural schematic diagram of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 3b This is a partial structural schematic diagram of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a partial structural cross-sectional schematic diagram of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a partial structural cross-sectional schematic diagram of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 6a This is a partial structural cross-sectional schematic diagram of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 6b This is a partial structural cross-sectional schematic diagram of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 6cThis is a partial structural cross-sectional schematic diagram of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a partial structural cross-sectional schematic diagram of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 8a This is a partial structural schematic diagram of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 8b This is a partial structural cross-sectional schematic diagram of an energy storage cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure label:

[0032] 10 - Energy storage cabinet; 20 - Power conversion equipment; 30 - Load;

[0033] 1-Box body; 11-Exhaust fan; 101a, 101b-First sidewall; 102a, 102b-Second sidewall; 2-Battery; 21-Battery cluster; 3-Inlet dustproof structure; 31-Front air chamber; 3101-Bottom shell; 3102-Door; 311-Inlet filter structure; 3111-First inlet honeycomb layer; 3112-Second inlet honeycomb layer; 3113-Inlet filter cotton; 32-Rear air chamber; 321-Outlet filter structure; 3211-Outlet honeycomb layer; 3212-Outlet filter cotton; 322-Air guide plate; 3221-Air guide plane; 3222-Air guide slope; 323-Inclined part; 4-Liquid cooling module; 5-Intermediate filter structure;

[0034] c1 - First outlet; c2 - Second outlet; r1 - First inlet; r2 - Second inlet; j - Gap; s - Hinge; t1 - First channel; t2 - Second channel; v1 - First connector; v2 - Second connector; C1 - Battery compartment; C2 - Equipment compartment; K1 - Air inlet; K2 - Air outlet; G - Spacing; M - Mounting surface; Q1 - Front air chamber; Q2 - Rear air inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Energy storage systems play a vital role in today's new energy field. Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in various energy storage systems due to their numerous advantages, such as cleanliness, high cycle life, and lack of memory effect. An energy storage cabinet is a standardized container that integrates battery systems, monitoring systems, power conversion systems, and fire protection systems, primarily used for storing and releasing electrical energy.

[0036] Currently, lithium-ion battery accidents are frequent, and accidents in energy storage systems can cause huge losses. Specifically, lithium-ion batteries are prone to thermal runaway under conditions of thermal abuse, mechanical abuse, and electrical abuse. Thermal runaway in lithium batteries first generates a large amount of flammable gas, which can accumulate inside the energy storage cabinet and easily cause a fire or explosion risk. Therefore, energy storage cabinets are usually designed with exhaust and ventilation channels to ensure system safety under extreme conditions. In traditional technology, the exhaust and ventilation devices in energy storage cabinets typically include explosion-proof fans. The working capacity of the explosion-proof fan is related to its own structure's PQ curve (pressure-flow curve). Here, P is the internal pressure of the energy storage cabinet, and Q is the fan airflow. The smaller P is, the larger Q is. The pressure value of the energy storage cabinet mainly depends on the internal structure layout and the inlet and outlet resistance. Therefore, the design of the air inlet and outlet of the energy storage cabinet plays a decisive role in the exhaust and ventilation capacity of the energy storage cabinet. The inlet resistance should not be too high. However, energy storage cabinets are usually operated outdoors in harsh environments such as deserts. After long-term operation, a large amount of dust, sand and other impurities will be adsorbed at the air inlet of the energy storage cabinet, which will greatly increase the air intake resistance and reduce the smoke exhaust effect. Impurities entering the interior of the energy storage cabinet will also affect the operation of the product.

[0037] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage cabinet and an energy storage system that improve the dustproof capability of the energy storage cabinet while ensuring that the air intake meets the ventilation requirements.

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] The terminology used in the following embodiments is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to also include expressions such as “one or more” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0040] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0041] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working scenario structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the energy storage system includes an energy storage cabinet 10 and a power conversion device 20. The power conversion device 20 is used to convert AC power input from an external AC power source into DC power output to the energy storage cabinet 10, and / or, the power conversion device 20 is used to convert the DC power output from the energy storage cabinet 10 into AC power output to the load 30 or the power grid.

[0042] Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage cabinet 10 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the energy storage cabinet 10 provided in an embodiment of this application. The energy storage cabinet 10 can be applied to photovoltaic-energy storage charging stations, industrial power generation areas, schools, shopping malls, and other similar locations.

[0043] Refer to together Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown, the energy storage cabinet 10 includes a housing 1, a battery 2, and an air inlet and dustproof structure 3. The housing 1 is rectangular in shape, and its internal space forms a receiving cavity. For ease of understanding, a three-dimensional coordinate system is established with the shape of the housing 1 as a reference. The first direction Z is the height direction of the housing 1, the second direction Y is the width direction of the housing 1, and the third direction X is the length direction of the housing 1. When the energy storage cabinet 10 is configured and applied, the bottom of the housing 1 is placed on the bottom surface, and the first direction Z is the direction of gravity. The housing 1 includes an air inlet K1 and an air outlet K2. An exhaust fan 11 is installed at the air outlet K2. When the exhaust fan 11 is activated, it can drive the air in the receiving cavity to flow, forming an airflow that is guided from the air inlet K1 to the air outlet K2.

[0044] Please continue to refer to Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown, in one embodiment, the housing 1 includes a battery compartment C1 and an equipment compartment C2, which are isolated from each other. The battery compartment C1 is used to house the battery 2, which includes multiple battery clusters 21 arranged sequentially along a third direction X. Each battery cluster 21 includes multiple battery packs stacked sequentially along a first direction Z. Specifically, the battery packs are lithium-ion batteries.

[0045] In one embodiment, the air inlet K1 and air outlet K2 of the housing 1 are respectively connected to the battery compartment C1. An exhaust fan 11 is installed at the air outlet K2. When the exhaust fan 11 is activated, it drives the gas flow inside the battery compartment C1, forming an airflow that is guided from the air inlet K1 to the air outlet K2. Specifically, air from outside the housing 1 can enter the battery compartment C1 of the housing 1 through the air inlet K1 and be discharged outside the housing 1 through the air outlet K2. The airflow formed between the air inlet K1 and the air outlet K2 can maintain smooth airflow inside the battery compartment C1 and reduce the risk of battery 2 exploding under extreme conditions. An air inlet dustproof structure 3 is installed at the air inlet K1 to filter the gas entering the battery compartment C1 of the housing 1, preventing excessive dust, sand, and other impurities from entering the battery compartment C1.

[0046] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2b As shown, the energy storage cabinet 10 can also be configured with a battery management system, monitoring system, fire protection system, cooling system, etc., as needed. Figure 2b The example shows that the equipment compartment C2 is equipped with a liquid cooling module 4. The liquid cooling module 4 serves as a cooling system to dissipate heat from the battery 2 by liquid cooling, preventing the battery 2 from overheating and causing safety issues.

[0047] In one embodiment, the energy storage cabinet 10 is equipped with a power conversion system (PCS) that can perform AC / DC conversion during the charging and discharging of the battery 2. In this case, the energy storage system including the energy storage cabinet 10 can be omitted. Figure 1 The external power conversion device 20 shown.

[0048] Combination Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown, the airflow formed between the air inlet K1 and the air outlet K2 of the housing 1 passes through the battery compartment C1, maintaining smooth airflow within the battery compartment C1. To ensure sufficient airflow within the battery compartment C1, the air inlet K1 and the air outlet K2 can be positioned on either side of the housing 1 where they can form the maximum distance. Based on the cuboid structure of the housing 1, the maximum distance between two points on the housing 1 is between the two diagonally opposite vertices of the cuboid; therefore, the air inlet K1 and the air outlet K2 can be positioned near the two diagonally opposite corners of the cuboid.

[0049] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2c The energy storage cabinet 10 shown includes a partial structure, comprising a housing 1 and an air intake and dustproof structure 3. (As shown...) Figure 2cAs shown, the box 1 includes four side walls parallel to the first direction Z. These four side walls are a first side wall 101a and a first side wall 101b opposite each other along the second direction Y, and a second side wall 102a and a second side wall 102b opposite each other along the third direction X. The internal space of the box 1 is the space enclosed by the first side wall 101a, the first side wall 101b, the second side wall 102a and the second side wall 102b, the top cover, and the bottom plate of the box 1. The top cover and bottom plate of the box 1 are not shown here; the bottom plate of the box 1 is used for placement on the ground. In the following embodiments, the internal space of the box 1 will be described with reference to the four side walls of the box 1.

[0050] As an example, the internal space of the housing 1 can be divided into a battery compartment C1 and an equipment compartment C2 by a partition 103 inside the housing 1. Figure 2c As shown, the two ends of the partition 103 are connected to the first side wall 101b and the second side wall 102b respectively. The partition 103, the first side wall 101b, and the second side wall 102b enclose the equipment compartment C2. There is a gap G between the partition 103 and the first side wall 101a. The gap G is adjacent to the equipment compartment C2 along the second direction X.

[0051] In one embodiment, the internal space of the housing 1 is divided into two parts by a partition 103, with one side of the partition 103 being the equipment compartment C2 and the other side being the battery compartment C1. When the equipment compartment C2 is... Figure 2c In the structural configuration shown, the space containing gap j is part of the battery compartment C1, which is L-shaped. Most of the space in the battery compartment C1 is aligned with the equipment compartment C2 along a third direction X, while the gap G within the battery compartment C1 is aligned with the equipment compartment C2 along a second direction Y. Considering the layout of the battery compartment C1 and the equipment compartment C2, the air inlet K1 is located on the first side wall 101a and close to the second side wall 102b, and the air outlet K2 is located on the second side wall 102a and close to the first side wall 101b. Along the first direction Z, the air inlet K1 is close to the bottom of the housing 1, and the air outlet K2 is close to the top of the housing 1. In some specific designs, the distance between the air inlet K1 and the air outlet K2 is greater than the dimensions of the internal space of the housing 1 along the second direction Y and the third direction X. This design of the air inlet K1 and the air outlet K2 maximizes the path of airflow through the battery compartment C1, allowing the airflow to fully drive the air circulation within the battery compartment C1.

[0052] Figure 3a and Figure 3b This refers to a portion of the structure of the energy storage cabinet 10, including a part of the housing 1 and the air intake and dustproof structure 3. See also... Figure 3a and Figure 3bAs shown, the air intake and dustproof structure 3 includes a front air chamber 31 and a rear air chamber 32, with the rear air chamber 32 fixed to the air inlet K1 of the housing 1. The rear air chamber 32 connects the battery compartment C1 of the housing 1 with the external space of the housing 1. The rear air chamber 32 includes a mounting surface M that exposes the air inlet K1. The front air chamber 31 is mounted on the mounting surface M of the rear air chamber 32, and the front air chamber 31 and the rear air chamber 32 are connected to form a channel that guides external air from the housing 1 to the battery compartment C1 inside the housing 1.

[0053] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3a As shown, a portion of the rear air intake chamber 32 is located inside the housing 1, and a portion is located outside the housing 1. Along the second direction Y, a portion of the rear air intake chamber 32 protrudes through the air inlet K1 and extends outside the housing 1. The mounting surface M of the rear air intake chamber 32 protrudes from the outer surface of the housing 1 where the air inlet K1 is located, thus exposing the air inlet K1. This air intake dustproof structure 3 occupies less internal space in the housing 1 and also facilitates the installation of the front air intake chamber 31 on the mounting surface M of the rear air intake chamber 32.

[0054] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3b As shown, the rear air intake chamber 32 is located inside the housing 1. Along the second direction Y, the mounting surface M of the rear air intake chamber 32 protrudes from the air intake K1 in a manner that is flush with the outer surface of the housing 1 where the air intake K1 is located. The portion of this air intake dustproof structure 3 that protrudes from the housing 1 along the second direction Y is relatively small, which helps to reduce the size of the energy storage cabinet 10.

[0055] by Figure 3a The air intake and dustproof structure 3 shown is used as a reference. Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the air intake and dustproof structure 3 and the housing 1. (See diagram below.) Figure 4 As shown, the internal space of the forward air chamber 31 forms the forward air cavity Q1, and the internal space of the rear air chamber 32 forms the rear air cavity Q2. The forward air cavity Q1 and the rear air cavity Q2 are connected to form a channel for outside air to pass through.

[0056] The forward air chamber 31 has a first inlet r1 and a first outlet c1 communicating with the forward air cavity Q1. A channel for airflow is formed between the first inlet r1 and the first outlet c1 of the forward air chamber 31. The rear air chamber 32 has a second inlet r2 and a second outlet c2 communicating with the rear air cavity Q2. A channel for airflow is formed between the second inlet r2 and the second outlet c2 of the rear air chamber 32. The rear air chamber 32 is fixed to the air inlet K1 of the housing 1, and its mounting surface M is exposed above the air inlet K1. The forward air chamber 31 is fixed to the mounting surface M of the rear air chamber 32. The second inlet r2 of the rear air chamber 32 is located on the mounting surface M, and the second outlet c2 of the rear air chamber 32 is located inside the housing 1 and communicates with the battery compartment C1. The first outlet c1 of the forward air chamber 31 communicates with the second inlet r2 of the rear air chamber 32 along the second direction Y. Figure 4 It can be seen that the air in the housing 1 can enter the front air chamber 31 through the first inlet r1, pass through the front air chamber 31, and then enter the rear air chamber 32 through the second inlet r2 after passing through the first outlet c1 of the front air chamber 31. Finally, it enters the battery compartment C1 through the second outlet c2 of the rear air chamber 32.

[0057] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first inlet r1 of the forward air chamber 31 is located on the surface of the forward air chamber 31 facing the bottom of the housing 1. When the energy storage cabinet 10 is used, the bottom surface of the housing 1 is placed on the ground, so the first inlet r1 of the forward air chamber 31 can be considered to be facing the ground along the first direction Z. Air outside the housing 1 enters the forward air chamber 31 from one side of the bottom of the housing 1. Some larger impurities carried in the air will not enter the forward air chamber 31 due to gravity. The distance between the first outlet c1 of the forward air chamber 31 and the bottom surface of the housing 1 along the first direction Z is greater than the distance between the first inlet r1 of the forward air chamber 31 and the bottom surface of the housing 1. As the air flows from the first inlet r1 to the first outlet c1 along the first direction Z, some impurities in the air entering the forward air chamber 31 combine together, increase in mass, and can fall off under gravity, thus reducing the amount of impurities flowing to the first outlet c1.

[0058] In one embodiment, the distance between the second outlet c2 of the rear air inlet 32 ​​and the bottom surface of the housing 1 along the first direction Z is greater than the distance between the second inlet r2 of the rear air inlet 32. As air flows from the second inlet r2 towards the second outlet c2 along the first direction Z, some impurities in the air entering the rear air inlet 32 ​​combine and increase in mass, allowing them to fall off under gravity, thus reducing the amount of impurities flowing towards the second outlet c2. The second outlet c2 of the rear air inlet 32 ​​can be located at the top of the rear air inlet 32 ​​away from the bottom surface of the housing 1, or at the side wall of the rear air inlet 32 ​​away from the front air inlet 31. Alternatively, the second outlet c2 can be located at both the top of the rear air inlet 32 ​​away from the bottom surface of the housing 1 and the side wall of the rear air inlet 32 ​​away from the front air inlet 31. In specific implementations, the position of the second outlet c2 can be rationally designed according to the structural layout of the housing 1 and the air inlet dustproof structure 3 to meet the requirements of airflow and spatial layout.

[0059] The air intake dustproof structure 3, which consists of the front air chamber 31 and the rear air chamber 32, flows upward along the first direction Z as air flows from the first inlet r1 to the second outlet c2. The air entering the air intake dustproof structure 3 contains some impurities that combine together, increase in mass, and can fall off under the action of gravity, which can reduce the impurities flowing into the box 1.

[0060] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4As shown, the first inlet r1 of the forward air chamber 31 is equipped with an inlet filter structure 311. Air from outside the housing 1 is filtered by this structure upon entering the forward air chamber 31, reducing impurities. The second outlet c2 of the rear air chamber 32 is equipped with an outlet filter structure 321, which further filters the air entering the housing 1, reducing impurities in the air entering the battery compartment C1. The separate filter structures in the forward and rear air chambers 31 and 32 effectively provide at least two filtration systems for the air intake dustproof structure 3, resulting in better dustproof performance. Since the first inlet r1 of the forward air chamber 31 is located outside the housing 1, if the inlet filter structure 311 of the forward air chamber 31 fails due to environmental factors, the outlet filter structure 321 of the rear air chamber 32 can still filter impurities, ensuring effective dustproofing.

[0061] In one embodiment, the front air chamber 31 and the rear air chamber 32 are detachably connected by means of snap-fit, threaded connection, magnetic attraction, etc. If the filter structure included in one of the front air chambers 31 and the rear air chamber 32 fails, the filter structure included in the other can continue to provide dust filtration. Generally, the front air chamber 31 is located outside the housing 1. When the application environment of the energy storage cabinet 10 is harsh, if the service life of the front air chamber 31 is less than that of the rear air chamber 32, the front air chamber 31 can be replaced in a timely manner, simplifying installation and maintenance. During the replacement of the front air chamber 31, the exhaust filter structure 321 of the rear air chamber 32 can provide impurity filtration, ensuring dust prevention.

[0062] Figure 5 A partial structural cross-sectional diagram of an energy storage cabinet 10 is shown. (See example...) Figure 5As shown, the rear air intake chamber 32 also includes a guide plate 322. Along the first direction Z, the top end of the guide plate 322 is fixed to the inner wall of the rear air intake chamber 32, and a gap j exists between the bottom end of the guide plate 322 and the inner wall of the rear air intake chamber 32 for airflow. The guide plate 322 divides the space of the rear air intake cavity Q2 of the rear air intake chamber 32, guiding the air entering through the second inlet r2 of the rear air intake chamber 32, and finally flowing into the battery compartment C1 of the housing 1 through the second outlet c2. Along the second direction Y, a first channel t1 is formed between the surface of the guide plate 322 facing the front air intake chamber 31 and the inner wall of the rear air intake chamber 32, and a second channel t2 is formed between the surface of the guide plate 322 facing away from the front air intake chamber 31 and the inner wall of the rear air intake chamber 32. The first channel t1 and the second channel t2 are connected by the gap j. The first channel t1 is connected to the second inlet r2 of the rear air intake chamber 32, and the second channel t2 is connected to the second outlet c2 of the rear air intake chamber 32. After air enters the rear air intake chamber 32 through the second inlet r2, it is blocked by the guide plate 322. Following the first direction Z, the guide plate 322 directs the air from the second inlet r2 along the first channel t1 to the gap j at the bottom of the guide plate 322, and then directs the air from the gap j along the second channel t2 to the second outlet c2 of the rear air intake chamber 32. Within the first channel t1, the air moves downwards along the first direction Z; within the first channel t1, the air moves upwards along the first direction Z. At the gap j, the airflow direction changes, and some impurities in the air can combine during this process. The combined impurities have increased mass and remain at the bottom of the rear air intake chamber 32 under the influence of gravity. The guide plate 322 guides the airflow within the rear air intake chamber 32, making the airflow more regular and smooth, and reducing the flow resistance within the rear air intake chamber 32.

[0063] exist Figure 5 In this configuration, the outlet air filter structure 321 is installed within the second channel t2. The outlet air filter structure 321 can be fixed to the inner wall of the rear air inlet chamber 32 via the air guide plate 322, leaving a certain gap between the outlet air filter structure 321 along the first direction Z and the top of the rear air inlet chamber 32. This allows for the installation of the second outlet c2 in the rear air inlet chamber 32. At this time, a gap can exist between the outlet air filter structure 321 and the second outlet c2 of the rear air inlet chamber 32, reserving a portion of unobstructed space to maintain smooth airflow.

[0064] Please continue to refer to Figure 5As shown, the air guide plate 322 is zigzag-shaped along the first direction Z. The surface of the air guide plate 322 facing the forward air chamber 31 includes an air guide plane 3221 and an air guide slope 3222. Along the first direction Z, the distance between the air guide plane 3221 and the bottom surface of the housing 1 is greater than the distance between the air guide slope 3222 and the bottom surface of the housing 1. The air guide plane 3221 and the air guide slope 3222 are used to cooperate with the inner wall of the rear air chamber 32 to form a first channel t1. The air guide plane 3221 faces the second inlet r2 of the rear air chamber 32. The air guide slope 3222 is inclined relative to the air guide plane 3221 towards the side away from the forward air chamber 31, which facilitates the air to turn at the gap j and achieves a better airflow guiding effect. Along the second direction Y, the distance between the air guide plane 3221 and the forward air chamber 31 is less than the distance between the air guide slope 3222 and the forward air chamber 31. The flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel t1 at the air guide plane 3221 is less than the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel t1 at the air guide slope 3222. Air has a larger flow space at the air guide slope 3222 of the first channel t1, and impurities in the air have more time to fall under the action of gravity, which can improve the dust prevention effect.

[0065] The guide vane 322 has an inclined surface 3222 that forms an angle with the first direction Z, with the angle being greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees. The structural design of the energy storage cabinet 10 can be tailored to the airflow and resistance requirements of the incoming air volume.

[0066] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, along the second direction Y, the side wall of the rear air intake 32 away from the front air intake 31 includes an inclined portion 323, which is inclined towards one end of the front air intake 31. The distance h1 between the end of the inclined portion 323 facing the bottom surface of the housing 1 and the front air intake 31 is smaller than the distance h2 between the end of the inclined portion 323 away from the housing 1 and the front air intake 31, thus reducing the space occupied by the side of the rear air intake 32 away from the front air intake 31 within the housing 1. Along the first direction Z, there is a gap between the end of the inclined portion 323 away from the bottom surface of the housing 1 and the air guide plate 322, so that the inclined portion 323 avoids the air guide plate 322, ensuring the unobstructed flow of the first channel t1 to the second channel t2 through the gap j.

[0067] Figure 6a This is a partial structural cross-sectional diagram of an energy storage cabinet 10, specifically the structure at the first inlet r1 of the forward air chamber 31 of the air inlet dustproof structure 3. For example... Figure 6aAs shown, the air inlet filter structure 311 includes a first air inlet honeycomb layer 3111 and a second air inlet honeycomb layer 3112 stacked along the airflow direction of the forward air chamber 31. The first air inlet honeycomb layer 3111 is disposed in the air inlet chamber of the second air inlet honeycomb layer 3112. The airflow direction in the forward air chamber 31 is from the first inlet r1 to the first outlet c1 along the first direction Z. The distance between the first air inlet honeycomb layer 3111 and the bottom surface of the housing 1 along the first direction Z is less than the distance between the second air inlet honeycomb layer 3112 and the bottom surface of the housing 1 along the first direction Z. The first air inlet honeycomb layer 3111 and the second air inlet honeycomb layer 3112 constitute a double filtration structure. The first air intake honeycomb layer 3111 has a larger pore size than the second air intake honeycomb layer 3112. The first air intake honeycomb layer 3111 performs a first-stage filtration of the air entering from the first inlet r1 of the forward air chamber 31, blocking impurities with a particle size larger than the pore size of the first air intake honeycomb layer 3111. Impurities blocked by the first air intake honeycomb layer 3111 cannot pass through and will fall under gravity. The second air intake honeycomb layer 3112 performs a second-stage filtration of the air passing through the first air intake honeycomb layer 3111, blocking impurities with particles smaller than the pore size of the first air intake honeycomb layer 3111 but larger than the pore size of the second air intake honeycomb layer 3112. Impurities blocked by the second air intake honeycomb layer 3112 will pass through the first air intake honeycomb layer 3111 under gravity and fall. As air passes through a first air intake honeycomb layer 3111 and a second air intake honeycomb layer 3112, impurities in the air are filtered through the two honeycomb layers with different pore sizes, which can reduce the probability of impurities in the outside air entering the forward air chamber 31 and improve the dust prevention effect.

[0068] Both the first air-inlet honeycomb layer 3111 and the second air-inlet honeycomb layer 3112 are honeycomb structures made of materials such as metal, paper, ceramic, and plastic. This type of honeycomb structure has high rigidity, and the resulting pores are relatively regular and not easily deformed. Placing the first air-inlet honeycomb layer 3111 and the second air-inlet honeycomb layer 3112 at the first inlet r1 disperses the airflow into multiple pathways, reduces local pressure, ensures smooth airflow, and guarantees the airflow entering the air-inlet dustproof structure 3. The porous design of the two honeycomb layers can also physically block and filter some impurities in the air, achieving a preliminary dustproof effect.

[0069] During the process of air passing through the first air-inlet honeycomb layer 3111 and the second air-inlet honeycomb layer 3112, the air resistance through the honeycomb structure with larger aperture is generally less than that through the honeycomb structure with smaller aperture. In order to ensure that the difference between the air resistance through the first air-inlet honeycomb layer 3111 and the second air-inlet honeycomb layer 3112 is not too large, the thickness of the first air-inlet honeycomb layer 3111 can be set to be greater than the thickness of the second air-inlet honeycomb layer 3112.

[0070] In some embodiments, the first air inlet honeycomb layer 3111 and the second air inlet honeycomb layer 3112 are considered as a set of honeycomb stacks. While ensuring airflow and air resistance, two or more sets of honeycomb stacks can be provided at the first inlet r1 of the forward air chamber 31. Each honeycomb stack includes a first air inlet honeycomb layer 3111 and a second air inlet honeycomb layer 3112 that meet the aforementioned aperture size requirements. Each honeycomb stack may include a first air inlet honeycomb layer 3111 and a second air inlet honeycomb layer 3112 with the same specifications, including one or more of the honeycomb layer thickness, aperture, and material. Alternatively, different air inlet honeycomb stacks may include different first air inlet honeycomb layers 3111 and 3112. Generally, along the airflow direction within the forward air chamber 31, the filtration effect of the downstream air inlet honeycomb stack is stronger than that of the upstream air inlet honeycomb stack.

[0071] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6b As shown, the air inlet filter structure 311 includes an air inlet filter cotton 3113, which is disposed on the air outlet side of the second air inlet honeycomb layer 3112. The pore size of the air inlet filter cotton 3113 is smaller than that of the second air inlet honeycomb layer 3112. When there is only one honeycomb stack at the first inlet r1, the air inlet filter cotton 3113 is disposed on the air outlet side of that honeycomb stack. When there are two or more honeycomb stacks, the air inlet filter cotton 3113 is disposed on the air outlet side of all the honeycomb stacks.

[0072] The air intake filter cotton 3113 is made of synthetic or natural fibers. The pores formed by the air intake filter cotton 3113 can further filter impurities in the air. Furthermore, the pore distribution of the air intake filter cotton 3113 is irregular, and its stiffness is less than that of the first air intake honeycomb layer 3111 and the second air intake honeycomb layer 3112. The channels formed by the interconnected pores are irregularly distributed and possess a certain degree of flexibility. Impurities in the air that collide with the fibers of the air intake filter cotton 3113 during the flow process can be captured and adsorbed by the air intake filter cotton 3113, reducing the amount of impurities in the air and better filtering smaller particles. The air intake filter cotton 3113 can further filter impurities in the air and also has a certain moisture absorption function, reducing air humidity and ensuring smooth airflow. In one specific embodiment, the air intake filter cotton 3113 is made of low-density fire-retardant sponge with a density of less than 18 kg / m³. 3 It is lightweight and easy to assemble.

[0073] Combination Figure 6a and Figure 6bAs shown, the first inlet r1 of the forward air chamber 31 is provided with at least two or at least three layers of filter structure, which can reduce the probability of dust, sand and other impurities in the air entering the forward air chamber 31. The structural design of the first air inlet honeycomb layer 3111, the second air inlet honeycomb layer 3112 and the air inlet filter cotton 3113 improves the dust prevention effect while ensuring airflow.

[0074] Figure 6c This is a partial structural cross-sectional diagram of an energy storage cabinet 10, specifically the structure at the second outlet c2 of the rear air inlet 32 ​​of the air inlet and dustproof structure 3. For example... Figure 6c As shown, the air outlet filtration structure 321 includes at least one set of air outlet honeycomb layers 3211 and air outlet filter cotton 3212. The air outlet honeycomb layers 3211 are disposed on the air inlet side of the air outlet filter cotton 3212. The air outlet filtration structure 321 is disposed in the second channel t2 of the rear air inlet chamber 32, and the airflow direction in the second channel t2 is upward along the first direction Z towards the second outlet c2 of the rear air inlet chamber 32. Each set of air outlet honeycomb layers 3211 and air outlet filter cotton 3212 constitutes a double filtration structure.

[0075] The pore size of the outlet honeycomb layer 3211 is larger than that of the outlet filter cotton 3212. The outlet honeycomb layer 3211 performs a first-stage filtration of the air flowing from the second channel t2 to the second outlet c2 of the rear air inlet chamber 32, blocking impurities with a particle size larger than the pore size of the outlet honeycomb layer 3211. Impurities blocked by the outlet honeycomb layer 3211 cannot pass through and will fall under gravity. The outlet filter cotton 3212 performs a second-stage filtration of the air passing through the outlet honeycomb layer 3211, blocking impurities with particles smaller than the pore size of the outlet honeycomb layer 3211 but larger than the pore size of the outlet filter cotton 3212. Impurities blocked by the outlet filter cotton 3212 will pass through the outlet honeycomb layer 3211 under gravity and fall.

[0076] The air outlet honeycomb layer 3211 is a honeycomb structure made of materials such as metal, paper, ceramic, and plastic. This honeycomb structure has high rigidity, and the formed pores are relatively regular and not easily deformed. Placing the air outlet honeycomb layer 3211 at the second outlet c2 ensures the airflow into the housing 1. The porous design of the air outlet honeycomb layer 3211 can block and filter some impurities in the air through its physical structure, achieving a dustproof effect. The air outlet filter cotton 3212 is made of synthetic or natural fibers. The pores formed by the air outlet filter cotton 3212 can further filter impurities in the air. Furthermore, the pore distribution of the air outlet filter cotton 3212 is irregular, and its rigidity is less than that of the air outlet honeycomb layer 3211. The channels formed by the interconnected pores are irregularly distributed and have a certain degree of flexibility. Impurities in the air that collide with the fibers of the air outlet filter cotton 3212 during the flow process can be captured and adsorbed by the air outlet filter cotton 3212, reducing the amount of impurities in the air and better filtering smaller particles. The exhaust filter cotton 3212 can further filter impurities in the air and also has a certain moisture absorption function, reducing air humidity and ensuring smooth airflow. In one specific embodiment, the exhaust filter cotton 3212 is made of low-density fire-retardant sponge with a density of less than 18 kg / m³. 3 It is lightweight and easy to assemble.

[0077] Combination Figure 6c As shown, at least two layers of filtration structure are provided at the second outlet c2 of the rear air intake chamber 32, which can reduce the probability of dust, sand and other impurities in the air entering the front chamber 1. Among them, the structural design of at least one set of outlet honeycomb layer 3211 and outlet filter cotton 3212 can ensure the air intake volume requirement. Figure 7 This is a partial structural cross-sectional diagram of an energy storage cabinet 10. (See diagram below.) Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, at least one of the first outlet c1 of the forward air chamber 31 and the second inlet r2 of the rear air chamber 32 is provided with an intermediate filter structure 5, which is parallel to the air inlet K1 of the housing 1. As an example, the intermediate filter structure 5 is provided at the first outlet c1 of the forward air chamber 31, covering the first outlet c1, and is located inside the forward air chamber 31.

[0078] Specifically, the intermediate filter structure 5 can perform primary filtration on the air entering the rear air inlet 32 ​​through the front air inlet 31 at the connection between the front air inlet 31 and the rear air inlet 32. When the air inlet filter structure 311 includes air inlet filter cotton 3113, the pore size of the intermediate filter structure 5 can be smaller than the pore size of the air inlet filter cotton 3113, achieving further impurity filtration. Taking the entire air inlet dustproof structure 3 as a reference, the air inlet dustproof structure 3 includes three filtration lines formed by the air inlet filter structure 311, the intermediate filter structure 5, and the air outlet filter structure 321, which have a good dustproof filtration effect.

[0079] In one embodiment, the intermediate filter structure 5 can be made of glass fiber filter paper that achieves an F6 dustproof rating, providing a more efficient dust filtration effect and also having a moisture absorption effect, reducing the moisture content of the air entering the housing 1. Furthermore, this material has good chemical stability and mechanical strength, a long service life, and can adapt to harsh application environments.

[0080] Figure 8a This example illustrates a schematic diagram of the separated front air intake chamber 31 and rear air intake chamber 32 in the air intake dustproof structure 3 of an energy storage cabinet 10. (See attached diagram.) Figure 8a As shown, the forward air chamber 31 is fixed along the second direction Y to the side of the rear air chamber 32 exposed in the housing 1. The first outlet c1 of the forward air chamber 31 is connected to the second inlet r2 of the rear air chamber 32.

[0081] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8a As shown, the forward air chamber 31 includes a bottom shell 3101 and a door 3102. The bottom shell 3101 has an opening on the side facing the rear air chamber 32 along the second direction Y for fixing to the mounting surface M of the rear air chamber 32. The bottom shell 3101 has an opening on the side facing away from the rear air chamber 32 along the second direction Y. The door 3102 covers this opening to form an internal space of the forward air chamber 31 between the door 3102 and the bottom shell 3101. This internal space is the forward air cavity Q1. The air intake filter structure 311 of the forward air chamber 31 is installed at the end of the bottom shell 3101 facing the ground. The bottom shell 3101 has a structure for accommodating and fixing the air intake filter structure 311.

[0082] Specifically, the door 3102 is rotatably mounted on the bottom shell 3101 via a hinge s. When the door 3102 is opened, the internal structure of the forward air chamber 31 can be installed and maintained. Under normal operating conditions, the door 3102 is engaged with the opening on the side of the bottom shell 3101 opposite to the rear air chamber 32 along the second direction Y to ensure the relative sealing of the forward air chamber Q1. The bottom shell 3101 is provided with a first connecting member v1, and the door 3102 is provided with a second connecting member v2. When the door 3102 is engaged with the opening on the side of the bottom shell 3101 opposite to the rear air chamber 32 along the second direction Y, the second connecting member v2 and the first connecting member v1 can be connected and locked together.

[0083] Figure 8b A partial structural cross-sectional diagram of an energy storage cabinet 10 is shown. (See example...) Figure 8b As shown, the side plate of the front air chamber 31 facing the rear air chamber 32 is detachably connected to the side plate of the rear air chamber 32 facing the front air chamber 31 by screws. The side plate of the front air chamber 31 facing the rear air chamber 32 has a through hole for a settling screw to pass through, the through hole avoiding the first outlet c1 of the front air chamber 31. The side plate of the rear air chamber 32 facing the front air chamber 31 has a threaded hole for threaded connection with the screw, the threaded hole avoiding the second inlet r2 of the rear air chamber 32. Multiple screws can be used to strengthen the connection and tightness between the front air chamber 31 and the rear air chamber 32.

[0084] Please continue to refer to Figure 8b As shown, the current structure of the air intake chamber 31 is as follows: Figure 8a When the bottom shell 3101 and the door 3102 are included, the screws can be placed inside the front air chamber 31. The screws are relatively isolated from the external environment, which can extend their service life and improve the connection reliability between the front air chamber 31 and the rear air chamber 32. The screws pass through the side plate of the bottom shell 3101 facing the rear air chamber 32 and are threadedly connected to the rear air chamber 32. The door 3102 can be opened relative to the bottom shell 3101 to facilitate the installation and maintenance of the screws.

[0085] In summary, the energy storage cabinet 10 improved in this application embodiment has an air inlet dustproof structure 3 at the air inlet K1 of its housing 1, which, while meeting the air intake requirements, can achieve a good dustproof filtration effect, reducing the possibility of external dust, sand particles, and other impurities entering the battery compartment C1 inside the housing 1. When the energy storage cabinet 10 is applied to an energy storage system, the efficientness and safety of the energy storage system can be improved due to the smooth airflow and good dustproof effect within the battery compartment C1.

[0086] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage cabinet, characterized in that, The energy storage cabinet includes a housing, batteries, and an air intake and dustproof structure; The housing includes an air inlet and an air outlet, and the battery is housed within the housing's receiving cavity. The air intake dustproof structure includes a front air chamber and a rear air chamber. The rear air chamber is fixed to the air inlet of the housing. The rear air chamber includes a mounting surface that exposes the air inlet. The rear air chamber includes a second inlet and a second outlet. The second inlet is located on the mounting surface, and the second outlet is located inside the housing and communicates with the housing cavity of the housing. The forward air chamber is detachably installed on the mounting surface. The forward air chamber includes a first inlet and a first outlet. The first inlet is located on the surface of the forward air chamber facing the bottom of the housing. The first outlet is connected to the second inlet. The first inlet is equipped with an air inlet filter structure, and the second outlet is equipped with an air outlet filter structure.

2. The energy storage cabinet as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Along the airflow direction of the first inlet, the air intake filter structure includes a first air intake honeycomb layer and a second air intake honeycomb layer arranged in layers, wherein the pore size of the first air intake honeycomb layer is larger than the pore size of the second air intake honeycomb layer.

3. The energy storage cabinet as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The air inlet filter structure also includes air inlet filter cotton, which is disposed on the air outlet side of the second air inlet honeycomb layer, and the pore size of the air inlet filter cotton is smaller than the pore size of the second air inlet honeycomb layer. The stiffness of the air inlet filter cotton is less than the stiffness of the first air inlet honeycomb layer and the stiffness of the second air inlet honeycomb layer.

4. The energy storage cabinet as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the first air inlet honeycomb layer is greater than the thickness of the second air inlet honeycomb layer.

5. The energy storage cabinet as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the distance between the first inlet and the ground is less than the distance between the first outlet and the ground, and the distance between the second outlet and the ground is greater than the distance between the second inlet and the ground. The first direction is the direction of gravity.

6. The energy storage cabinet as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The rear air intake chamber includes an air guide plate. Along the first direction, the top end of the air guide plate is fixed to the inner wall of the rear air intake chamber, and there is a gap between the bottom end of the air guide plate and the inner wall of the rear air intake chamber. The air guide plate forms a first channel between the surface of the forward air chamber and the inner wall of the rear air chamber, and the first channel connects the second inlet of the rear air chamber and the gap. The air guide plate forms a second channel between the surface of the front air chamber away from the rear air chamber and the inner wall of the rear air chamber. The second channel connects the second outlet of the rear air chamber with the gap.

7. The energy storage cabinet as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The surface of the air guide plate facing the forward air chamber includes an air guide plane and an air guide slope. Along the first direction, the distance between the air guide plane and the bottom surface of the box is greater than the distance between the air guide slope and the bottom surface of the box. The guide slope is inclined relative to the guide plane towards the side away from the forward air chamber.

8. The energy storage cabinet as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The second outlet is located at at least one of the top of the rear air inlet chamber away from the bottom surface of the housing and the side wall of the air inlet chamber away from the front air inlet chamber.

9. The energy storage cabinet as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Along the airflow direction of the second outlet, the air outlet filter structure includes an air outlet honeycomb layer and an air outlet filter cotton arranged in layers. The pore size of the air outlet honeycomb layer is larger than the pore size of the air outlet filter cotton, and the stiffness of the air outlet filter cotton is smaller than the stiffness of the air outlet honeycomb layer.

10. The energy storage cabinet as described in claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the first outlet and the second inlet is provided with an intermediate filter structure, the intermediate filter structure covering the first outlet or the second inlet.

11. The energy storage cabinet as described in any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The distance between the air inlet and the air outlet is greater than the dimensions of the internal space of the housing along the first direction, the second direction and the third direction. The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. The first direction is the direction of gravity. Along the first direction, the distance between the air inlet and the bottom surface of the housing is less than the distance between the air outlet and the bottom surface of the housing.

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