Steel rail fastener preassembly equipment

Abstract

The utility model particularly relates to steel rail fastener pre-assembling equipment which comprises a base and further comprises three vibrating sieves arranged on the base, the discharging ends of the vibrating sieves are arranged above a material placing plate, a lifting mechanism is arranged on the base in the direction away from the vibrating sieves, and a lifting claw matched with the material placing plate in a profiling mode is arranged at the bottom of the lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism comprises a platform body fixedly connected with the base, a lead screw is arranged below the platform body in the axial direction, and a servo motor is arranged at one end of the platform body and is in transmission connection with the lead screw. The lifting mechanism further comprises a bearing platform arranged below the platform body, the upper surface of the bearing platform is provided with a connecting lug in threaded fit with the lead screw in the axial direction, and the lower surface of the bearing platform is vertically provided with a hydraulic rod connected with the lifting claw. The device has the advantages that the fastener elastic strips, the nuts and the gaskets can be directly stacked and output according to a mode required by operation, and subsequent mechanical steel rail fastener fastening equipment can be equipped for operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rail engineering technology, specifically a rail fastener pre-assembly equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Significant technical bottlenecks exist in the assembly and disassembly of rail fastener systems during the construction of new urban rail transit lines and the maintenance of existing lines. Taking the typical WJ series rail fasteners as an example, the assembly process requires sequential steps such as elastic clip insertion, shim positioning, nut pre-tightening, and final tightening.

[0003] The current operating mode has the following main technical defects:

[0004] Low component pre-installation efficiency: Due to the W-shaped asymmetrical structure of the fastener spring strip and the three-dimensional limitation of the trackside working space, the construction party needs to pre-lay loose parts such as fastener spring strip, insulating gasket and fastening nut along the track, which increases the material management cost.

[0005] Poor process coordination: The existing process requires the operator to manually connect and position the spring clip and bolt in the first process, supplemented by manual placement of shims and pre-tightening of nuts. The final process requires a special electric wrench to achieve the final torque tightening. The coordination of multiple trades makes it difficult to control the construction rhythm.

[0006] High human resource consumption: Single-point operations require at least two professional technicians to work together, and material transfer requires additional auxiliary personnel, which does not conform to the development trend of mechanized construction in modern rail engineering.

[0007] While the pre-assembly devices for fasteners disclosed in the existing technical solutions can achieve the combined assembly of some components, they have not yet solved key technical problems such as automatic orientation of irregularly shaped elastic clips and accurate supply of multi-specification accessories.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an intelligent fastener assembly equipment with automatic component classification and directional assembly functions to break through the efficiency bottleneck of existing processes. Utility Model Content

[0009] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a rail fastener pre-assembly equipment to improve the assembly efficiency of rail fasteners and enhance the automation level of track engineering construction operations.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, a rail fastener pre-assembly device is designed, including a base and three vibrating screens mounted on the base. Each of the three vibrating screens houses a spring clip, a washer, and a nut, respectively. The discharge end of each vibrating screen is positioned above a material placement plate. A lifting mechanism is located on the base away from the vibrating screens, and the bottom of the lifting mechanism has a lifting claw that conforms to the material placement plate. The lifting mechanism includes a platform body fixedly connected to the base. A lead screw is axially mounted below the platform body, with both ends of the lead screw rotatably engaging with the platform body. A servo motor is mounted at one end of the platform body and connected to the lead screw via a drive mechanism. The lifting mechanism also includes a support platform located below the platform body. The upper surface of the support platform has a connecting lug threadedly engaging with the lead screw along its axial direction. A hydraulic rod is vertically mounted on the lower surface of the support platform, with its lower end connected to the lifting claw.

[0011] Preferably, the present invention further includes: two slide rails symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower surface of the platform body along the axial direction; and two sliders symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper surface of the bearing platform along the axial direction, wherein the sliders slide in cooperation with the slide rails.

[0012] Preferably, the present invention further includes: the material placement plate is a mountain-shaped structure, the material placement plate has two recessed structures with the same opening orientation, and a protruding structure between the recessed structures; the lifting claw is a U-shaped structure, the middle of the lifting claw has a recessed structure that conforms to the protruding structure of the material placement plate, and the two sides of the recessed structure of the lifting claw have protruding structures that conform to the two recessed structures of the material placement plate.

[0013] Preferably, the present invention further includes: the three vibrating screens include: a first vibrating screen for transporting spring clips, a second vibrating screen for transporting nuts, and a third vibrating screen for transporting gaskets.

[0014] Preferably, the present invention further includes: the vibrating screen includes: a disc feeder, the inner wall of which is provided with a spiral ramp; a feeding track, one end of which is provided on the periphery of the disc feeder and the other end of which is provided above the material placement plate; a vibrating feeder, which is provided at the bottom of the feeding track and has a straight vibrator inside; and a laser sensor, which is provided at the top of the feeding track and located between the vibrating feeder and the disc feeder.

[0015] Preferably, the present invention further includes: the feeding track is inclined, with the end of the feeding track near the disc feeder being higher than the end near the material placement plate.

[0016] Preferably, the present invention further includes: a direct vibration motor is provided inside the vibrating feeder for generating direct vibration force to be transmitted to the feeding track.

[0017] Preferably, the present invention further includes: the slide rail is provided with a countersunk hole, and the slide rail and the platform body are connected by screws provided in the countersunk hole.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0019] 1. The traditional method of manually sorting and arranging rail fasteners has been modified to manually pouring materials into the vibrating screen, reducing the time required for the material placement process.

[0020] 2. This equipment can directly stack and output fasteners, nuts, and washers according to the required operation method, and can be equipped with mechanized rail fastener fastening equipment for subsequent operation.

[0021] 3. The overall equipment is relatively small in size and can be placed on a flatbed vehicle to move and work synchronously with the operators, or it can be set up at the track laying base for the operators to install the track panels on site. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 1. Overall isometric view of this utility model

[0023] Figure 2 Top view of vibrating screen

[0024] Figure 3 Front view of material vibrating screen

[0025] Figure 4 , Lifting mechanism bottom view

[0026] Figure 5 Front view of the issuing institution

[0027] Figure 6 Left view of the lifting mechanism

[0028] Figure 7 Left view of the support platform

[0029] Figure 8 Top view of material placement board

[0030] In the diagram: 1-1 spring bar vibrating screen, 1-2 nut vibrating screen, 1-3 gasket vibrating screen, 1-4 lifting mechanism, 1-5 material placement plate, 2-1 disc feeder, 2-2 vibrating feeder, 2-3 laser sensor, 3-1 platform body, 3-2 lead screw, 3-3 servo motor, 3-4 slide rail, 3-5 slider, 3-6 bearing platform, 3-7 hydraulic rod, 3-8 lifting claw, 3-9 connecting lug. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the purpose, principle and structure of this utility model clearer, the following description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Example 1: This example provides a rail fastener pre-assembly equipment.

[0033] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the equipment includes a base (not shown in the figure) and several components mounted on the base. The base can be installed inside a rail flatbed vehicle or a track laying base. Material placement plates 1-5 are provided on the base.

[0034] The base is equipped with three independent vibrating screens: a spring bar vibrating screen 1-1 responsible for feeding and loading the spring bar, a nut vibrating screen 1-2 responsible for feeding and loading the nut, and a gasket vibrating screen 1-3 responsible for feeding and loading the gasket.

[0035] Each vibrating screen includes: a disc feeder 2-1, with a disc at the top and a spiral ramp inside the disc, the axis of rotation of the spiral ramp being at an angle to the horizontal plane. An electromagnetic vibration drive is located at the bottom. The electromagnetic vibration drive applies an upward-sloping vibration frequency to the disc, causing parts to directionally climb along the spiral track under the action of the vibration frequency, automatically correcting the posture of irregularly shaped parts using a geometric screening structure.

[0036] The disc feeder 2-1 achieves material orientation and posture correction through the synergistic effect of electromagnetic vibration and geometric screening structure. Its core principle is as follows: The core components of the disc feeder 2-1 include a disc, a spiral ramp, and an electromagnetic vibration drive system. The disc has a spiral ramp inside, with its axis of rotation at a certain angle to the horizontal plane, forming an upward spiral track. The electromagnetic vibration drive system at the bottom generates high-frequency vibration through pulsed current, applying a periodic upward excitation force to the disc. When the electromagnet and armature of the electromagnetic vibration drive system interact, they generate a momentarily changing magnetic force, causing the disc to vibrate slightly in the vertical direction. Due to the rebound effect of the spring plates inside the disc feeder 2-1, the disc simultaneously performs a torsional motion around its axis, forming a composite vibration trajectory (vertical vibration + horizontal torsion) on the spiral track. Under the action of vibration, the parts overcome gravity and friction, directionally climbing along the spiral ramp. The movement speed can be controlled by adjusting the voltage or vibration frequency. The spiral ramp design incorporates geometric screening structures, such as baffles, limiting grooves, or irregularly shaped tracks. If irregularly shaped parts deviate from the preset orientation during vibration lifting, such as becoming inverted or tilted, they may fall into the return hopper due to a shift in their center of gravity and a mismatch with the track shape. Parts meeting the requirements are automatically adjusted to a uniform orientation via guide structures on the track, such as V-grooves and raised limits, for example, screw heads facing upwards and shafts arranged horizontally. The multi-layer track design can progressively filter parts of different sizes or shapes, allowing only materials that meet the specifications to enter the outlet.

[0037] Specific procedures:

[0038] Taking nut feeding as an example, after the nuts fall randomly into the disc, they climb up the spiral ramp under vibration. Through the limiting grooves on the track, only horizontally placed nuts are allowed to pass; other nuts, due to unstable center of gravity or being blocked by the limiting grooves, fall back onto the disc. Finally, the corrected nuts enter the feeding track with a uniform direction and posture and are transported to the assembly station.

[0039] Correspondingly, the center of gravity or structural features of the spring can be used to design a limiting structure that causes a change in the center of gravity for screening or a structural blocking limit for screening, thereby achieving attitude control of the nut, spring, and washer.

[0040] The feeding track is set at an angle or horizontally. One end of the feeding track is connected to the disc feeder 2-1, and the other end is set above the material placement plate 1-5.

[0041] Vibrating feeder 2-2, with built-in linear vibrator. The linear vibrator generates directional high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration through an electromagnetic vibrator. Its vibration direction forms an angle with the plane of the feeding track, causing the material to continuously jump and slide along the inclined track under controlled inertial force. With the adjustment of the friction coefficient of the track surface and the limiting and guiding structure, the material is stably fed in a straight line on the feeding track, and the posture of the material remains unchanged.

[0042] Preferably, by controlling the starting sequence of the vibratory feeder 2-2, the vibratory feeder 2-2 is started in the order of spring bar first, then washer, and finally nut, so that the material is stacked from top to bottom on the workstation in the order of nut, washer, and spring bar.

[0043] The end of the feeding track is directly attached to the installation station, forming a non-fixed connection. This ensures that when the material falls from the feeding track into the station, no external force that could cause interference is generated, guaranteeing that the material falls into the station with the same posture as it does along the feeding track. Here, "falling in" refers to the material entering the installation station from the feeding mechanism, not the narrow sense of free fall. To avoid unexpected interference forces when the material enters the station, the feeding device and the station are continuously set up, eliminating gaps in height or positioning, and preventing unnecessary movements that could interfere with the material's posture. This is a configuration that those skilled in the art should know. Preferably, a contoured blocking and limiting structure, such as a limiting groove or limiting frame, can also be provided at the station to ensure that the material does not deviate or move after falling in.

[0044] The laser sensor 2-3 is located at the top of the feeding track and between the vibrating feeder 2-2 and the disc feeder 2-1. It can detect the movement of the material.

[0045] On the base, a lifting mechanism 1-4 is provided on the side away from the vibrating screen. The lifting mechanism 1-4 cooperates with the material placement plate 1-5 to transfer the pre-assembled rail fasteners that have been stacked.

[0046] The lifting mechanism 1-4 consists of a platform body 3-1, a lead screw 3-2, a servo motor 3-3, a slide rail 3-4, a slider 3-5, a bearing platform 3-6, a hydraulic rod 3-6, and a lifting claw 3-8.

[0047] The platform body 3-1 is fixedly mounted on the base. A lead screw 3-2 is provided below the platform body 3-1 along the axial direction of the platform body 3-1. The lead screw 3-2 is threaded along its circumference. The platform body 3-1 has downwardly extending extensions at both ends along the axial direction. The extensions are provided with through holes along the axial direction. The two ends of the lead screw 3-2 and the through holes of the extensions of the platform body 3-1 can be connected by bearings to achieve a rotational fit.

[0048] A servo motor 3-3 is installed at one end of the platform body 3-1 along the axial direction and is connected to the lead screw 3-2 through a coupling. The rotation of the servo motor 3-3 drives the rotation of the lead screw 3-2. Under the movement limit of the bearing and the extension of the platform body 3-1, the lead screw 3-2 rotates freely along its own axis without displacement.

[0049] The lifting mechanism 1-4 also includes a support platform 3-6 disposed below the platform body 3-1. The upper surface of the support platform 3-6 has a connecting lug 3-9 threadedly engaged with the lead screw 3-2 along its axial direction. The connecting lug 3-9 has a protrusion structure, and a threaded hole is formed in the middle of the connecting lug 3-9 along the axis of the lead screw 3-2. The threaded hole is threadedly engaged with the lead screw 3-2. When the lead screw 3-2 rotates, the connecting lug 3-9 achieves wire feeding and pushing under the action of the threaded engagement. That is, when the lead screw 3-2 rotates without displacement, the connecting lug 3-9 can reciprocate along the lead screw 3-2. Several hydraulic rods 3-7 are vertically arranged on the lower surface of the support platform 3-6, and the lower ends of the hydraulic rods 3-7 are connected to the lifting claw 3-8.

[0050] Preferably, the lower surface of the platform body 3-1 is symmetrically provided with two slide rails 3-4 on both sides of the axial direction. The slide rails 3-4 are parallel to the lead screw 3-2, and the slide rails 3-4 are also provided with several countersunk holes. Screws are placed in the countersunk holes to connect and fix the slide rails 3-4 and the platform body 3-1. The upper surface of the bearing platform 3-6 is symmetrically provided with two sliders 3-5 on both sides of the axial direction. The sliders 3-5 are slidably engaged with the slide rails 3-4. When the lead screw 3-2 drives the connecting ear 3-9 to reciprocate on the lead screw 3-2 under the rotational thread engagement, since the connecting ear 3-9 is located in the axial direction of the bearing platform 3-6, and the sliders 3-5 are located on both sides of the bearing platform 3-6, the sliding engagement of the sliders 3-5 with the slide rails 3-4 achieves the limiting of the movement of the bearing platform 3-6, ensuring the stability of the bearing platform 3-6 during movement.

[0051] Preferably, the material placement plate 1-5 has a mountain-shaped structure, and two recessed structures with openings facing the same direction are provided on the material placement plate 1-5. The recessed structures are oriented towards the lifting mechanism 1-4, and a protruding structure is provided between the recessed structures. The lifting claw 3-8 has a U-shaped structure. The middle of the lifting claw 3-8 has a recessed structure that conforms to the protruding structure of the material placement plate 1-5, and the two sides of the recessed structure of the lifting claw 3-8 have protruding structures that conform to the two recessed structures of the material placement plate 1-5. When several components of the rail fastener are stacked on the material placement plate 1-5, the bottom component is the bent elastic bar in the rail fastener. The mountain-shaped structure of the material placement plate 1-5 can effectively support the elastic bar. When the lifting claw 3-8 is lifted upward by the hydraulic rod 3-7, the mountain-shaped structure of the material placement plate 1-5 and the concave structure of the lifting claw 3-8 can effectively avoid each other. Furthermore, the concave structure of the lifting claw 3-8 can stably support the elastic bar, thus achieving stable lifting of the pre-assembled components of the rail fastener after stacking.

[0052] Example 2: This example provides a method for pre-assembling rail fasteners using the rail fastener pre-assembly equipment described in Example 1.

[0053] The implementation steps of this method are as follows:

[0054] Step 1: Install the rail fastener assembly equipment inside the rail flatcar or the rail laying base. Before installation, select a vibrating screen of appropriate size according to the corresponding elastic bar, washer, and nut size of the rail fastener, and put the elastic bar, washer, and nut into the elastic bar vibrating screen 1-1, the nut vibrating screen 1-2, and the washer vibrating screen 1-3 respectively.

[0055] Step 2: Place the rail fastener spring strips, washers, and nuts into the disc feeder 2-1 of the vibrating screen according to their size, and start the disc feeder 2-1.

[0056] Step 3: The material is spirally raised by the disc feeder 2-1 to its outlet and enters the feeding track of the vibrating screen. The material entering the feeding channel is sensed by the laser sensor 2-3. When all three materials reach the feeding track of the vibrating screen, the corresponding vibrating screens are started in the order of spring bar, then shim, and finally nut.

[0057] Step 4: On the material placement plates 1-5, stack the above three materials with the spring strip at the bottom, the gasket in the middle, and the nut at the top.

[0058] Step 5: Servo motor 3-3 drives lead screw 3-2 to move. Under the action of lead screw 3-2, the bearing platform 3-6 moves towards the material placement plate 1-5, and hydraulic rod 3-7 extends downward, causing lifting claw 3-8 to extend into the underside of material placement plate 1-5. Subsequently, hydraulic rod 3-7 lifts upward, and lifting claw 3-8 and material placement plate 1-5 are misaligned to avoid each other, lifting the stacked material on material placement plate 1-5 upward. Lead screw 3-2 drives lifting claw 3-8 to move along lead screw 3-2 until the stacked material is transported to the rail fastener operation point.

[0059] Step 6: After the materials have been stacked, the operator will proceed with the subsequent fastening of the rail fasteners. Since the rail fastener materials have already been stacked, the operator does not need to place and align the materials in sequence. The operator can simply drive in the screws to fix and assemble the rail fasteners.

[0060] Repeat steps 2-6 to complete the pre-assembly of rail fasteners for the remaining work sections.

[0061] Preferably, a notch can be made inside the base of the rail fastener pre-assembly equipment, the rail flatcar, or the track laying base. This notch is aligned with the installation position of the rail fastener on the track, so that the material lifted by the lifting claws 3-8 can be unloaded at the corresponding position.

[0062] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model, based on the technical solution and novel concept of this utility model, should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A rail fastener pre-assembly equipment, comprising a base, characterized in that, It also includes three vibrating screens mounted on the base, each containing a spring bar, a washer, and a nut. The discharge end of the vibrating screen is located above a material placement plate. A lifting mechanism is provided on the base away from the vibrating screens, and the bottom of the lifting mechanism is provided with a lifting claw that conforms to the shape of the material placement plate. The lifting mechanism includes a platform body fixedly connected to the base. A lead screw is arranged axially below the platform body. The two ends of the lead screw are rotatably engaged with the platform body. A servo motor is arranged at one end of the platform body and is connected to the lead screw for transmission. The lifting mechanism also includes a support platform located below the platform body. The upper surface of the support platform is provided with a connecting lug that is threaded to a lead screw along the axial direction. The lower surface of the support platform is provided with a hydraulic rod, the lower end of which is connected to the lifting claw.

2. The rail fastener pre-assembly equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower surface of the platform body has two slide rails arranged symmetrically on both sides of the axial direction; the upper surface of the supporting platform has two sliders arranged symmetrically on both sides of the axial direction, and the sliders slide in cooperation with the slide rails.

3. The rail fastener pre-assembly equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The material placement plate has a mountain-shaped structure, and the material placement plate has two recessed structures with the same opening orientation, and a protruding structure between the recessed structures. The lifting claw has a U-shaped structure. The middle part of the lifting claw has a concave structure that conforms to the protruding structure of the material placement plate. The two sides of the concave structure of the lifting claw have protruding structures that conform to the two concave structures of the material placement plate.

4. The rail fastener pre-assembly equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The three vibrating screens include: a first vibrating screen for transporting spring clips, a second vibrating screen for transporting nuts, and a third vibrating screen for transporting gaskets.

5. The rail fastener pre-assembly equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vibrating screen includes: A disc feeder with a spiral ramp on its inner wall; The feeding track has one end located around the disc feeder and the other end located above the material placement plate. A vibrating feeder is installed at the bottom of the feeding track and contains a linear vibrator. A laser sensor is located at the top of the feeding track, between the vibrating feeder and the disc feeder.

6. The rail fastener pre-assembly equipment as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The feeding track is inclined, with the end of the feeding track near the disc feeder being higher than the end near the material placement plate.

7. The rail fastener pre-assembly equipment as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The vibrating feeder is equipped with a linear vibrating motor, which generates linear vibration force and transmits it to the feeding track.

8. The rail fastener pre-assembly equipment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The slide rail is provided with countersunk holes, and the slide rail is connected to the platform body by screws set in the countersunk holes.

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